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Table of Contents
Contents
Unit 13: Computing Research Project ASSIGNMENT 1.........................................................1
CHAPTER 1 : PROJECT PROPOSAL.......................................................................................4
Title...........................................................................................................................................4
Introduction...............................................................................................................................4
Key phrases..............................................................................................................................4
Objective...................................................................................................................................5
Require resources....................................................................................................................6
Initial references.......................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW........................................................................................7
1. Definition............................................................................................................................7
2. Sauder's research onion....................................................................................................7
3. Qualitative research.........................................................................................................13
4. Quantitative research.......................................................................................................14
5. Comparison between qualitative and quantitative...........................................................15
6. Primary research method................................................................................................16
7. Secondary research method...........................................................................................16
8. Pros And Cons Of Primary Vs Secondary Research......................................................16
CHAPTER 3: CONDUCTING RESEARCH AND COLLECTING DATA..................................18
1. Overview..........................................................................................................................18
2. Conducting research........................................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION...............................................................38
1. Data analysis...................................................................................................................38
1.1. Questionnaires..........................................................................................................38
1.2. Interview....................................................................................................................47
2. Evaluate...........................................................................................................................56
3. Conclusion.......................................................................................................................57
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................58
 ASSIGNMENT 1 ANSWERS
CHAPTER 1 : PROJECT PROPOSAL

Title
Research Google digital wellbeing app and its efficiency for smartphone users.

Introduction
There is no doubt that technology has changed a lot of our daily lives. New technologies such
as computers, the Internet, wireless devices, social networking has become a part of most
people live life regardless of age or gender. Therefore, these technologies have changed our
lifestyle. Lifestyle refers to methods and our lifestyle including clothing, habits, and friendships.
Lifestyle can be identified by a variety of activities, interests and opinions. While some
researchers have investigated its impact on a way of lifestyle, but there is no comprehensive
study has been undertaken to determine the impact of technology on many aspects of lifestyle
from overall perspective.
This proposal explores documents related to the impact of IT on lifestyle and to analyses and
classify the studies according to the different aspects of lifestyle. Lifestyle will be studied here
are: health, learning, behavior, social and spiritual life, energy, art, work and environment. And
how digital wellbeing helps us to improve life.
Do digital technologies improve life or distract from it? The efficacy of products and features
specifically designed to improve health and wellbeing will be showed clearly in the next part.
As technology becomes more and more integral to everything we do, it can sometimes
distract us from the things that matter most to us. We believe technology should improve life,
not distract from it. We’re committed to giving everyone the tools they need to develop their
own sense of digital wellbeing. So that life, not the technology in it, stays front and center.

Key phrases
Technology, daily life, distract, effect, health, digital wellbeing.
Objective
1. To understand the digital wellbeing concept through a set of primary research
activities.
Activities:
Read the relevant documents, understand Well Being concept and conduct an overview on
the subject.
Deliverables:
Section of the report. 1000-1500 words.
2. To understand the impact of technology on human lifestyle what is the balance
life and how to get it
Activities:
Read the related documents and understand the impact of technology for life. It also has
the benefit and the distraction, find out how a balanced life and how to get it.
Deliverables:
Section of the report. 1000-1500 words.
3. To create research the habits and collect data about time using smart devices
Activities:
Do a research to understand smart device users habits, create a survey to collect data on
time using, interview also.
Deliverables:
Section of the report. 1000-1500 words. Online survey, offline interview, related
documents, questions, Google form.
4. Analyze collected data on previous section
Activities:
Gather all the collected data, analyze and make an overview chart.
Deliverables:
Section of the report. 1000-1500 words.
5. To design a Digital Well Being Application based data.
Activities:
Based on data and requirement, design a Digital Wellbeing app
Deliverables:
Section of the report. 1000-1500 words.
Require resources
Access to the Internet. Smart device. Laptop, Microsoft Excel, Google Form. Access to the
libraries also.

Initial references
[1] Android Central. (2020). Digital Wellbeing beta app is now available for all Android Pie
users. [online] Available at: https://www.androidcentral.com/googles-digital-wellbeing
[Accessed 21 Feb. 2020].

[2] Google Digital Wellbeing. (2020). Digital Wellbeing through technology | Google. [online]
Available at: https://wellbeing.google/ [Accessed 21 Feb. 2020].

[3] AgingInPlace.org. (2020). Technology in Our Life Today and How It Has Changed |
Updated for 2020 | AgingInPlace.org. [online] Available at:
https://www.aginginplace.org/technology-in-our-life-today-and-how-it-has-changed/ [Accessed
21 Feb. 2020].

[4] Gutierrez, K. (2020). Mobile Usage Habits of Today’s Corporate Learner. [online]
Shiftelearning.com. Available at: https://www.shiftelearning.com/blog/bid/346755/Mobile-
Usage-Habits-of-Today-s-Corporate-Learner [Accessed 21 Feb. 2020].

[5] Users, 8. (2020). 8 Courteous Habits For Smartphone Users | Call-A-Geek. [online] Call-A-
Geek. Available at: https://call-a-geek.com/8-courteous-habits-for-smartphone-users/
[Accessed 21 Feb. 2020].

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

1. Definition
Research is used to refer to the activity of a diligent and systematic inquiry or investigation
in an area, with the objective of discovering or revising facts, theories, applications etc.
The goal is to discover and disseminate new knowledge.
• Systematic, investigative process employed to increase or revise current knowledge by
discovering new facts.
• It is divided into two general categories:
Basic research is inquiry aimed at increasing scientific knowledge
• Applied research is effort aimed at using basic research for solving problems or
developing new processes, products, or techniques.
Computing Science researchers use several methodologies to tackle questions within the
discipline. This discussion starts by listing several of these methodologies. The idea is not
to classify researchers or projects in each of these methodologies or to be exhaustive.
Tasks performed by a single researcher fall within different methodologies. Even the
activities required to tackle a single research question may include several of these
methodologies.
2. Sauder's research onion
The Saunders Research onion illustrates the stages involved in the development of a
research work and was developed by Saunders. In other words, the onion layers give a
more detailed description of the stages of a research process. It provides an effective
progression through which a research methodology can be designed. Its usefulness lies in
its adaptability for almost any type of research methodology and can be used in a variety
of contexts. Saunders et al noted that while using research onion one has to go from the
outer layer to the inner layer. When viewed from the outside, each layer of the onion
describes a more detailed stage of the research process. Saunders et al sees research
process as unwrapping of an onion layer by layer, for the inner layer to be seen the outer
layer must be unwrapped first. For a goal to be achieved the right steps must be taken
accordingly, this applies in research, cover one step first before proceeding to another.
2.1. The Layers of the Saunders research onions
The approach taken in using the research onion framework is to go from the outer layer
to the inner layer of the research onion.
The outermost layer is the research philosophy which sets the stage for the research
process and defines the method which is adopted as the research approach in the
second step. In the third step, the research strategy is adopted, and the fourth layer
identifies the time horizon.
The fifth step represents the stage at which the data collection methodology is
identified. The benefits of the research onion are thus that it creates a series of stages
under which the different methods of data collection can be understood, and illustrates
the steps by which a methodological study can be described.

2.2. The Saunders research onion stages include:

 Research philosophy
 Research approach
 Research strategies
 Research choice
 Research time horizon
2.2.1. Philosophy to Saunders research onions
A research philosophy refers to the set of beliefs concerning the nature of the reality
being investigated. It is the underlying definition of the nature of knowledge.
There are three main philosophies that are significant in the research process.
• Ontology
Ontology is more or less the study of reality. It describes the nature of reality;
what comes to mind when conducting the research and what relational impact
does it possess on the society and surroundings. Ontology clears the difference
between reality and how you perceive reality. Furthermore, it makes you learn
how it influences the behavior of the people.
 Epistemology
Epistemology is mostly used in scientific research and it is like that because it
helps you in finding the information that you can prove without a doubt; in other
words, it tries to find the common acceptable knowledge and address the facts
accordingly. Here, you have to define the acceptable knowledge about the field
of your research and give information on results after rigorous testing.
Positivism, critical realism and interpretivist are the philosophical positions under
the epistemology worldview.
 Axiology
Axiology helps you learn how valuables and opinions impact the collection and
analysis of your research.
Objectivism, Constructivism and Positivism
Objectivism makes you aware of a social phenomenon and their different
meanings and influences these phenomena have on their actors. On the other
hand, constructivism rather defers that social actors are responsible in creating a
phenomenon. Conversely, constructivism suggests that the inherent meaning of
social phenomena is created by each observer or group
In this philosophy, one can never presume that what is observed is interpreted in
the same way between participants and the key approach is to examine
differences and nuances in the respondents understanding.
Positivism comes up with research questions and hypothesis that can be
evaluated and analyzed. Common knowledge of the world can be measured and
explained using Positivism. An example of it is the law of gravity.
 Despite the inherent differences between these philosophical practices, one
philosophy is not inherently better than the other, although researchers may
favor one over the other. The philosophy simply provides the justification for the
research methodology. The methodology should be informed by the nature of
the phenomena being observed.
2.2.2. Approach to Saunders research onions
Deductive and inductive are the two terms that the second layer of the research
onion includes. Here, the previous layer of the onion has an effect on this one so it
is important to know the research aim and its limitations.
2.2.2.1. The Deductive Approach
The deductive approach develops the hypothesis or hypotheses upon a pre-
existing theory and then formulates the research approach to test it. A deductive
approach may also be used with qualitative research techniques, though in such
cases the expectations formed by pre-existing research would be formulated
differently than through hypothesis testing. Deductive approach uses
questionnaire to create understanding of observation which allows you to
compare different understanding of the people through empirical data. The data
gathered helps to confirm or reject the question, the process can be repeated.
2.2.2.2. The Inductive
The inductive approach allows for you to create a theory rather than adopt a pre-
existing one as in the deductive. This clearly outlines the difference in the two
approaches. The inductive approach is characterized as a move from the
specific to the general. In this approach, there is no framework that initially
informs the data collection and the research focus can thus be formed after the
data has been collected. However, this approach may also be used effectively
within positivist methodologies, where the data is analyzed first and significant
patterns are used to inform the generation of results.
2.2.3. Strategies to Saunders research onions
The research strategy describes how the researcher intends to carry out the work.
The strategy can include a number of different approaches, such as experimental
research, action research, case study research, interviews, surveys, or a systematic
literature review.
  Experimental
Experimental research refers to the strategy of creating a research process that
examines the results of an experiment against the expected results. It can be
used in all areas of research, and usually involves the consideration of a
relatively limited number of factors
 Survey
Survey strategy of the research onion is often linked with the deductive
approach. It is one of the finest and economical research strategy. You can
collect rich and reliable data through this method. Surveys tend to be used in
quantitative research projects, and involve sampling a representative proportion
of the population. The Survey strategy is mostly used to observe contributing
variables among different data. It permits the collection of vast data that will be
used to answer the research question.
 Case Study
This strategy is focused on a one or more people or a single area. It can offer an
insight into the specific nature of any example, and can establish the importance
of culture and context in differences between cases. This strategy is more useful
in financial research. Case study research is the assessment of a single unit in
order to establish its key features and draw generalizations. This form of
research is effective in financial research, such as comparing the experiences of
two companies, or comparing the effect of investment in difference contexts.
 Action research:
This form of research is common in professions such as teaching or nursing,
where the practitioner can assess ways in which they can improve their
professional approach and understanding. This strategy is used mainly to find
the solution that can be used to solve a certain problem.
2.2.4. Choice to Saunders research onions
This is the fourth layer of the research onion, it is also known as research choice.
This layer helps you to know whether it is fine to combine both quantitative and
qualitative methodology or to use only one methodology. According to Saunders et
al, there are three outlined choices in the research onion that includes the Mono,
Mixed and Multi method research choice or approach.
  Mono method
When using this method you are required to gather one type of information; that
is using either quantitative or qualitative methodology. You cannot combine the
two.
 Mixed method
This method permits one to combine quantitative and qualitative methodology in
a research to create a precise set of data. The mixed method combines methods
to create a single dataset while the multi method is used where the research is
divided into segments; with each producing a specific data set.
 Multi-method
This method is similar with the mixed method because the two combines
quantitative and qualitative methodology in a study. Although they are similar but
still have their differences. While mixed method combines methodology to
establish particular set of data, multi-method does not.
2.2.5. Time Horizon to Saunders research onions
The time horizon describes the required time for the completion of the project work.
wo types of time horizons are specified within the research onion: the cross
sectional and the longitudinal.
 Cross Sectional
The cross sectional time horizon is the one already established, whereby the
data must be collected. This is used when the investigation is concerned with
the study of a particular phenomenon at a specific time.
 Longitudinal
A longitudinal time horizon for data collection refers to the collection of data
repeatedly over an extended period, and is used where an important factor for
the research is examining change over time
2.2.6. Analysis and Data collection
This is the sixth and last layer of the research onion; it is the innermost layer of
Saunders research onion. The process used at this stage of the research
contributes significantly to the study overall reliability and validity. Data collection
and analysis is dependent on the methodological approach used. This layer
explains how the data used in the research are collected and analyzed. It also
 explains the source of data, the research design, the sample, the sample size,
sample ethics, sample limitations, the research reliability and validity. The data
collected could be primary data or secondary data. Primary data is a direct data, it is
obtained directly from the source. Secondary data is the opposite of primary data,
secondary data is indirect data.
Primary Data:
Primary data is defined as data collected from the source or first hand. This can be
done via the use of several instruments questionnaires, oral or written interviews,
etc.
Secondary Data:
Secondary data is derived from the work or opinions of other researchers.
3. Qualitative research
Although there are a number of soft differences between the two types of methods, there is
one very important distinction. Quantitative research is deductive and hinges on the
presence of a hypothesis, which is identified before research begins. Qualitative research
is inductive and does not require a hypothesis to start the research process.
The qualitative approach is drawn from the constructivist paradigm. This approach
requires the researcher to avoid imposing their own perception of the meaning of social
phenomena upon the respondent. The aim is to investigate how the respondent interprets
their own reality. This presents the challenge of creating a methodology that is framed by
the respondent rather than by the researcher. An effective means by which to do this is
through interviews, or texts, where the response to a question can be open. Furthermore,
the researcher can develop the questions throughout the process in order to ensure that
the respondent further expands upon the information provided. Qualitative research is
usually used for examining the meaning of social phenomena, rather than seeking a
causative relationship between established variables.
• Advantages
Qualitative research is often used to conduct social and behavioral studies because
human interactions are more complex than molecular reactions in a beaker. Subjectivity,
nonrandom sampling and small sample size distinguishes qualitative research from
quantitative research. A big advantage of qualitative research is the ability to deeply probe
and obtain rich descriptive data about social phenomena through structured interviews,
cultural immersion, case studies and observation, for instance. Examples include
ethnography, narratives and grounded theory.
• Disadvantages
Qualitative studies often take more time to complete due to the pain staking nature of
gathering and analyzing field notes, transcribing interviews, identifying themes and
studying photographs, for instance. Studies are not easily replicable or generalizable to the
general population. Conscious or unconscious bias can influence the researcher’s
conclusions. Lacking rigorous scientific controls and numerical data, qualitative findings
may be dismissed by some researchers as anecdotal information.
4. Quantitative research
Quantitative research is the process of gathering observable data to answer a research
question using statistical, computational, or mathematical techniques. It is often seen as
more accurate or valuable than qualitative research, which focuses on gathering non-
numerical data.
As the name suggests, this approach is concerned with quantitative data. It holds a
number of accepted statistical standards for the validity of the approach, such as the
number of respondents that are required to establish a statistically significant result.
Although this research approach is informed by a positivist philosophy, it can be used to
investigate a wide range of social phenomena, including feelings and subjective
viewpoints. The quantitative approach can be most effectively used for situations where
there are a large number of respondents available, where the data can be effectively
measured using quantitative techniques, and where statistical methods of analysis can be
used
• Advantages
A problem or question is examined by deductively forming a hypothesis derived from
theory. Controlled, objective testing and experimentation ultimately supports or rejects your
hypotheses. Each step is standardized to reduce bias when collecting and analyzing data.
A big advantage of this approach is that the results are valid, reliable and generalizable to
a larger population. Quantitative research is advantageous for studies that involve
numbers, such as measuring achievement gaps between different groups of students or
assessing the effectiveness
• Disadvantages
While quantitative research methods work well in the laboratory under tightly controlled
conditions, measuring phenomena like human behavior in natural settings is trickier.
Survey instruments are vulnerable to errors such as mistakes in measurement and flawed
sampling techniques. Another disadvantage is that quantitative research involves
numbers, but some topics are too difficult to quantify in numbers. For example,
constructing an effective survey with closed-ended questions about how people fall in love
would be difficult.
5. Comparison between qualitative and quantitative

6. Primary research method

The purpose of primary research is to gather information and answer questions that have
not been asked before. Primary research is typically more time consuming and has higher
associated costs, so it is in the best interest of an organization to only conduct primary
research after the gaps in available secondary research have been identified.
Primary research should be conducted only after comprehensive secondary research is
completed. This is important to note because primary research uses more resources than
secondary research. In primary research, the research team is in charge of everything
from choosing the best method to reach a desired audience, to what specific metrics
should be measured. Conducting secondary research beforehand is necessary to
determine what information is not already available so time and money is not wasted on
redundant primary research.
Just like secondary market research, the best primary research method for each individual
project is determined by the research questions that need to be answered.
7. Secondary research method
Conducting secondary research is similar to the research that students conduct throughout
primary school. Answers to research questions are already available online, in academic
databases, the news, published books, journals, etc.—the work is in wading through the
information that is already available and finding data that coincides with the particular
research project.
The volume of information available on a particular topic may be overwhelming at the
beginning of the secondary research process. Research questions should be used to
guide the researcher as they focus on finding project-specific information. The best source
to answer a particular research question may vary widely, and a single project will likely
require more than one source.
8. Pros And Cons Of Primary Vs Secondary Research
Every market research method, whether it is categorized as a primary or secondary
method, has positive aspects and drawbacks. Generally speaking, secondary research is
where most researchers should begin when opening a new research project. Whether
primary research is necessary or not, secondary research is a valuable step in the market
research process.
Secondary research is worthwhile because it is generally more cost-effective than primary
research and it provides a foundation for any project. Evaluating the current landscape of
available information before moving on to primary research methods can save time and
money that may be better spent elsewhere.
The main limitations of secondary research are associated with chance. Depending on the
research questions, there may or may not be information available that provides concrete
answers. If there is not enough information from past studies, it may be necessary to
funnel time and money into primary methods of research.
Subsequent primary research, when necessary, should be planned out carefully in
advance. The purpose of primary research is to answer specific questions that accomplish
a project’s research goals. The specific nature of answering questions tailored to individual
needs is one reason why primary research is valuable. Timeline and budget restrictions
may be limiting factors for primary research, but planning ahead is worthwhile for the
valuable information that this method can provide.
CHAPTER 3: CONDUCTING RESEARCH AND COLLECTING DATA

1. Overview
This section carried on the research by conducting a series of research approaches which
can mentioned …
Method choices: Mixed Methods (qualitative & quantitative)
2. Conducting research
2.1. Qualitative
Interviewing
Interviewing is a great way to learn detailed information from a single individual or small
number of individuals. It is very useful when you want to gain expert opinions on the
subject or talk to someone knowledgeable about a topic.
• High Response Rates
One of the main reasons why researchers achieve good response rates through this
method is the face-to-face nature of the personal interview survey. Unlike administering
questionnaires, people are more likely to readily answer live questions about the
subject (for instance, a product) simply because they can actually see, touch, feel or
even taste the product.
• Tolerable Longer Interviews
If you wish to probe the answers of the respondents, you may do so using a personal
interview approach. Open-ended questions are more tolerated through interviews due
to the fact that the respondents would be more convenient at expressing their long
answers orally than in writing.
• Better Observation of Behavior
Market researchers can benefit from personal interview survey because it presents a
greater opportunity to observe the attitude and behavior of the respondents /
consumers toward a product.
 Types of Interviewing
Several different types of interviews exist. You should choose one based on what kind
of technology you have available to you, the availability of the individual you are
interviewing, and how comfortable you feel talking to people.
 Face to Face Interviews:
Face to face interviews are when you sit down and talk with someone. They are
beneficial because you can adapt your questioning to the answers of the person
you are interviewing. You will need recording equipment for the interview, and it is
highly recommended that you bring two recording devices with you in case one
fails.
 Setting Up an Interview
When setting up an interview, be sure to be courteous and professional. Explain to
the person being interviewed who you are, what you want to talk them about, and
what project you are working on. Don’t be discouraged if not everyone you contact
is willing to be interviewed.
✓ Interview questions:
There are 15 questions for interviewing. Choose a random group with 20 people to
make the interview with 4 interviews.
1. What’s your name?
2. How old are you?
3. What’s your job?
4. What do you usually do in your free time? (using smart devices or outside
activities)
5. How many hours do you spend for using smart devices?
6. How do you think about 4.0 technology?
7. Could you please list the advantage of using smart devices?
8. And disadvantage?
9. What do you use your phone for?
10. Have you ever been distracted when using smart devices?
11. Do you think smart devices always help us?
12. What's the last thing you do at night?
13. Do you know what’s digital wellbeing?
14. Do you know Google digital wellbeing application? Tell more if you know it.
15. Do you think it’s necessary if there is an application can help you control your
online time?
2.2. Quantitative
 Surveying
Surveying is a great way to discover what a large amount of people think about
a particular issue or how a group of people report their behavior. Surveys can be
done on a large range of topics and can be conducted relatively easily
 Members of the sample group can remain anonymous
 Considerably cheaper than most of the other primary data collection
methods
 Possibility of generating large amount of data

Survey question:
There are 14 questions for survey online. At least 15-20 results for summary.
Survey link:
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdhC6hvLBsfJ7Nl7JoYEOdA5j1hA04q3d0fq1rk-
bJ9o9yILQ/viewform?usp=sf_link

Question 1:

Question 2:
Question 3:

Question 4:
Question 5:

Question 6:

Question 7:
Question 8:

Question 9

Question 10:
Question 11:

Question 12:
Question 13:

Question 14:
2.3. Collected data
2.3.1. Survey
Question 2:
Below 16: 13.3%
18-22: 6.7%
22-25: 33.3%
25-35: 40%
35-50: 0%
Above 50: 6.7%
Question 3: What’s your current job?

P a g e | 26
Student: 40%

College: 6.7%

Working: 46.7%

Retirement: 6.7%

Question 4: How many hours a day that you spend for using smart devices?

Below 1 hour: 0%

1-3 hours: 40%

3-5 hours: 53.3%

Above 5 hours: 6.7%

P a g e | 27
Question
5:

Yes: 71.4%

No, I spend all my time for using smart devices (Internet): 28.6%

Question 6:

Below 1 hour: 26.7%

1-3 hours: 53.3%

Above 3 hours: 20%

P a g e | 28
Question
7:

Yes: 13.3%

No: 53.3%

Maybe: 33.3%

Question 8:

P a g e | 29
Question
9:

Yes: 46.7%

No: 26.7%

I don’t know it has that model: 26.7%

Question 10:

P a g e | 30
6/12 normal

6/12 boring, bad..

Question 11:

Yes: 60%

No: 20%

Don’t care: 20%

Question 12:

News: 60%

P a g e | 31
Social network: 93.3%

Game: 60%

Music: 66.7%

Calling: 40%

Question 13:

Yes: 46.7%

No: 40%

Maybe: 13.3%

Question 14:
 There is an application that can help you control your time-using for smart
devices, you want to have more time for family, health, or outside activities: 60%

No need an application because you can control your time: 40%

2.3.2. Interviewing

Q2. How old are you?

 Below 16: 15%

 16-22: 15%
 22-25: 20%
 25-35: 30%
 Above 50: 20%

Q3. What’s your job?

 Student: 25%
 College: 25%
 Working age: 40%
 Retirement: 10%

Q4. What do you usually do in your free time? (using smart devices or
outside activities)

 Surfing Internet: 30%

 Gaming: 50%
 Social Network: 70%
  Listening to music: 40%
 Study: 15%
 Outside activities: 15%
 Hanging out with friends: 20%

Q5. How many hours do you spend for using smart devices?

 Below 1 hour: 20%

 1-3 hours: 40%
 3-5 hours: 20%
 Above 5 hours: 20%

Q6. How do you think about 4.0 technology?

 Good: 70%
 Don’t care: 20%
 No comment: 10%

Q7. Could you please list the advantage of using smart devices?

 Connect others: 60%

 Relax by movie or music:40%
 Entertainment: 50%
 Gaming: 50%
 News: 30%

Q8. And disadvantage?

 Wasting time: 50%

 Be distracted: 40%
 Don’t have outside activities: 40%

Q9. What do you use your phone for?

  Social network: 70%
 Online mobile game: 40%
 Calling: 30%
 Music: 40%
 News: 20%

Q10. Have you ever been distracted when using smart devices?

 Yes: 60%
 No: 20%
 Not yet: 20%

Q11. Do you think smart devices always help us?

 Yes: 60%
 No: 10%
 Maybe: 30%

Q12. What's the last thing you do at night?

 Surfing social network: 80%

 Game: 50%
 Music: 40%
 Hanging out: 20%

Q13. Do you know what’s digital wellbeing?

 Yes: 50%
 No: 50%

Q14. Do you know Google digital wellbeing application? Tell more if you know it.

 Yes: 50%
  No: 50%

Q15. Do you think it’s necessary if there is an application can help you control your
online time?

 Yes: 70%
 No: 30%
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION

1. Data analysis
1.1. Questionnaires
Question 1: What’s your
name?
This is a question that can make your client feel comfortable. It’s can help each other can
know how to call your partner.

Question 2: How old are you?

We choose this question for surveying who wants to control smartphone using time. As you
can see:

Below 16, 18-22 and above 50: Total 27%.

Below 16 takes 13,3% is the highest in this group. It doesn’t mean they care about their
smartphone using time, but they are controlled by their parent who care about it much.

18-22 takes 6.7%. It means when they aren’t controlled by their parent, they can using it
much more than <18. And this age don’t care about that.

Above 50 takes 6.7% too. They are adult people and they can handle their time
themselves. So they don’t need to know how to control their time using.
22-25 and 25-35: Total 73%

22-25 and 25-35 take 33,3% and 40%. It’s a large amount people who care about their
time using. Because this is the working age. So they need to control their time because
they don’t have enough experiences in controlling time. They need an application which
can helps them to control their time. That’s the reason.

Question 3: What's your current job?

Which job whose caring about time using much is the purpose of this question.

Student:

They are controlled by their parent, that’s the reason they take

40%. College:

They aren’t controlled by their parent and they can decide how they live. But they are still
are college so they don’t care about it because they still want to play what they want.

Working:

They takes 46.7% which is the largest part. Because this is between 22-35. And they care
about their time using because they need to control their time between using smartphone
and their job.

Retirement:
They have enough experience which can help them control their time themselves.

Question 4: How many hours a day that you spend for using smart devices?

This survey question let you know how many time they spend (benefit if it’s not much) /
waste (more than 3)

A lot of people are wasting their time on using smartphone, and they can’t handle, control
their time. No one use smartphone under 1 hour. It means, nowadays, people use
smartphone as possible as they can. They use it too much and can be distracted by it.
Question 5: Beside using smart devices (or Internet), do you spend your time for

outside activities?

The purpose of this question is asking people still want to do outside activities.

Yes takes 71,4%. Maybe they don’t understand my question. I think they mean outside
activities is hanging out, or going to coffee shop with friends and still using smartphone. So
that’s why Yes is the highest amount in this question. It should be <50%.

Question 6: If you spend your time for outside activities, how long does it take?
Below 1 hour should be higher because of the above reason.

1-3 hours take 53,3%. This is an average time using they want to do outside activities. But

Above 3 hours takes 20%. It should be lower. Because as you can see, student/college
can go to coffee shop to play online game on mobile together.

Question 7: Have you ever been distracted by using smart devices?

No takes highest amount (53,5%) because no one want to say that they are wasting their
time.

Maybe takes 33.3% because they don’t know that they are wasting their time or they use it
correctly.

Question 8: If yes, what’s sequences?

Only one answer, maybe because they think this question doesn’t need to be answered.
Question 9: Have you ever turned on the “Do not disturb” mode on your phone? (or
other smart devices)

Yes takes 46,7% that means smart devices can distract them and they want to turn this
mode on. It also let we know that they know how to control their time but maybe it’s not the
most efficient way to control their time.

No, maybe takes 26.7% that means they don’t know this mode because they don’t care
about their time using.
Question 10: Can you imagine that one day, you have to do anything without smart
devices? How do you feel?

This is a question which help your partner feel better, convenient.

There are 7/15 answers “normal” and “still fine”.

That’s means they are not rely on smart devices so much. At least it’s take over 50%.

Others “feel dump”, “boring”, “sad”, “inconvenient”, “no more fun”, “feel bad”.. still rely on
smart devices. Maybe they are in the <22 age.
Question 11: Do you know that Youtube, Facebook, or IOS also has time-using app?

Because of advertising, and update patch info release can help the user know that utility.

But there are still over 40% (no and don’t care). They don’t know and don’t care about it.
That means they don’t care about their using time ? I don’t think so.

Question 12: When using smart devices, what do you focus on?

Social network is the strongest part nowadays. It takes 93,3%. Because social network can
help people reach news, games, call, music too. That’s why they choose it.
The second is music. It’s takes 66,7%. Music can help you relax, concentrate, be focus. So
they choose it much more than other.

Third is news. It takes 60%. In this day, we have the Corona Virus. That’s the reason
people care about it.

Question 13: Do you think that you spend a lot of time for using smart devices?

The user know that they are using smart devices a lot but they are still using it much. 46,7
% know that. Other think they are using it for job, work.

Question 14: Choose what do you think that you want more
60% want to have an application that can help them control their time using. It will increase
if we have more answer sheet than 15. People in working age will need it more than
others.

1.2. Interview

Q2:

Below 16, 16-22 (15% each) are controlled by parents. So they have to reduce
their using time.

25-35: 20% they can decide the way they want.

Above 50: They can control their time themselves. Don’t need anything much.
Q3:

Student: They are controlled by their parents. Their parents can manage and
check student time using smartphone.(25%)

College: Some college want to control their time. But not too much because
almost still want to use smart phone much.

Working: They have to focus on their work, and their job. They don’t have
enough experience to manage time by themselves. So they need an application
which can help them.

Retirement: They have enough experience to manage their time. They can
balance the life they want.

P a g e | 47
Q4:

People almost use smartphone for social network and it takes 70%. The second
is gaming, gaming takes 50% vote. A lot of people want to use smart devices for
listening music (40%). We can have people’s behavior by this question. The
main part is study, outside activities, hanging out with friends take a small
amount here.

P a g e | 48
Q5:

People usually spend 1-3 hours for using smart devices. 40% for 1-3 hours. It
takes a largest part. Above 5 hours a day, it means there are a smaller amount
people who spend a lot of time for their smart devices. Is it good? It depends on
people behaviors above.

Below 1 hour, 3-5 hours, above 5 hours take 20% each

P a g e | 49
Q6:

Almost people think 4.0 technology is good. It helps them solve some problem in
easier way than before. We can use phone to gather information, schedule their
work, entertainment….10% people don’t know is it good or bad.

Q7:

P a g e | 50
Connect others takes 60%, that’s the most important part of Internet that can
help us connect people who live far away from others. Entertainment and
Gaming take 50% which is big amount. Almost people want to use smartphone
for relax, communication. Not much for working.

Q8:

People also know that smart devices can distract us from work, study, wasting
time, and unbalance our lives. But they still use it much. Because they don’t
know how to control their time.

P a g e | 51
Q9:

Almost people use phone for social network. They don’t like outside activities.
Unhealthy life. Mobile game and music are entertainment application can let
people feel better, relax also.

aQ10:

P a g e | 52
20% not yet because they don’t think that’s distracting. Others know that smart
phone has bad effect on their live.

Q11:

Q12:

P a g e | 53
Just confirm that a lot of people doesn’t want to play outside. They want to
communication, relax online more.

Q13:

It depends on their perspective. 50% people care about their time and want to
change how they live. 50% not.

Q14:

P a g e | 54
 Q15:

Yes: 70%. It means a lot of people can’t control their time using on smartphone
and they still want to balance their live.

30% left for No. Some are can control their live. Some don’t want to live like
others.

2. Evaluate

From questions in interview us understand more about the habit of using smartphones.
From which we can speculate and find solutions in order to master the use of time.
Habits of many people are using smartphones for social networking, gaming, music.
They are less communicate outside and want to settle work in a simple way than the
use of the computer and directly outside.

The workaround is possible given the evidence of a more balanced life. Give reasoning
for them to see that they're ignored ra61t more rewarding outdoor activities and
communicate directly with each other, as well as spending time with family.

The questions in the online survey panel and help us classify users in each age group
separately. The majority of users will be those who lack experience in managing time
and are in working age. They often lose focus on work and labor inefficiency when

P a g e | 55
 distracted by smartphones. Parents often worry and concern for their children to be in
lower age also have a big part to use. At college age, they often focus on the
entertainment fun discretion so they are less concerned as well as use. At a higher
age, people can manage their own time.

3. Conclusion

In terms of the use of electronic devices today, the majority will involve the age of the
student and the person who is in the working age.

In which students use electronic devices and do not mind the time of use of themselves,
resulting in the misuse of smart electronic devices, which is why parents need applications
to be able to manage their children's use time.

People of working age between 22-35, in which the majority will be the ones who have not
experienced the self-management of their time and are lost in focus when using electronic
devices , or overuse.

They know that such use will be distracting and wasted time but still cannot manage the
time itself. Older people will have the experience of managing their own time and not being
heavily influenced by more intelligent devices.

Most of the users still know the modes to manage their time, but always use smartphones
when possible. Multi-part feeling will be uncomfortable when there is no electronic device.
Multi-part users use social networks to access social networks, and listening to music is
mainly. In the rest of the games, online calls still occupy the majority.

And 60% of people, it will take 1 app to help them manage the time of use.

All we need is designing an application that can help them control their time using for
smart devices. In my opinion, I think our application should have limitation time using, the
warning, the benefit, the notification when using too much, the other choices for user, also
have the do not disturb mode.
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