PROF.

ED LESSON

SIGMUND FREUD: Psychodynamic Theory

Henley, Ramsey, and Algozzine (2009) describe the interaction of id, ego, and superego with the following
example:
A teenager walks through a shopping mall and sees a Swiss Army knife on a counter. His im- pulse (id) is to
pick it up and stick it in his pocket. His conscience (superego) tells him it is wrong to steal, but his id is winning
the battle. “I‟ll go to church and I will be forgiven,” he rationalizes. Meanwhile his reality testing instinct (ego)
tells him to look around. He sees several mirrors along the wall behind the counter and he realizes that someone
could be watching him. The teenager decides that stealing the knife is not worth the risk of getting caught.

Prof. Ed. Reviewer

1. Authored the "TABULA RASA" theory of education.-John Locke

2.Established the "LABORATORY SCHOOL", He also wrote "Democracy and Education. - John Dewey.
3. Advocated the education of the handicapped and underprivileged youth. - Maria Montessori
4. Magna Carta for Public School Teachers - Republic Act 4670
5. Heavily sanctioned folkway which no one dares to question because they embody moral laws are called -
Mores
6. The most valuable learning experience that is derived from the use of discussion procedures? - Group
Thinking
7. Type of Question would be most useful for starting a class discussion - Divergent Question
8. A Swiss scholar who studied children's intellectual development during the 1920's, he divided intellectual
development into four major period. - Jean Piaget
9. He believes that all human being pass through a series of Psychosexual Stages, (5 stages) - Sigmund Freud

Phases/Processes in Curriculum Development

a. Curriculum Planning
A process that involves situation analysis, goal setting and need identification, budget determination, and
decision-making regarding implementation and evaluation details.

A. Situation Analysis
Points to the need to examine the nature of the situation, or learning context, to justify the selection of
objectives and learning experiences

On the macro-level (societal, governmental), situation includes these factors

o Cultural and social changes and expectation (e.g. parental expectations, employer requirements, community
values, changing relationships and ideology)
o Educational system requirements and challenges (e.g., policies, examinations, research, local authority and
demands)
o The changing nature of the subject matter to be taught
o The potential contribution of teacher support systems
o Flow of resources in the school

On the micro level (school/classroom level) the factors that need to be analyzed
o Pupils: aptitudes, abilities, identified educational needs
o Teachers: values, attitudes, skills, knowledge, experience, special strengths and weaknesses, roles
o School organizational climate and structure: traditions, power distribution, authority relationships, and dealing
with other school stakeholder
o Material resources: buildings, plant, equipment and potential for enhancing these
o Perceived and felt problems in existing curriculum

b. Curriculum Organization and Design

Involves the “form” design, pattern, or simply the arrangement of elements of curriculum used; based on
one dominant source of curriculum content
Includes selection of content/subject matter/competencies/learning activities, grade placement, time
allotment, and sequence of content activities

Answer such questions as

1. What is to be done?,

2. What subject matter is to be included?;

3. What instructional strategies, resources and activities will be employed? And 4. What methods and
instruments will be used to appraise the results of the curriculum?

o Selection of content
Answers the question “What knowledge is most worth?”

Content is the subject matter of teaching-learning process; includes knowledge, skills, concepts,
attitudes, and values and significant only in so far as it transmitted to the student in some
way
Validity – whether content is authentic and can achieve stated objective
Significance – whether content is fundamental to the subject in question; whether selected
content allows for breath and depth of treatment
Interest – whether content is easily learnable
Consistency with social realities: whether content represents most useful orientation
Integration- brings to a close relationship all concepts, skills and values contained in the
curriculum
Utility – whether content is helpful to student in coping with real life
Scope – breadth of the curriculum at a given time; refers to the range of important ideas and
concepts included
Continuity and sequence – involved in the vertical organization of the curriculum; refers to
recurrence and repetition of content and depth with a skill or content building on the
 preceding ones.

o Elements of Curriculum of Content

Sequence – may be from simple to complex, whole to part, chronological, concrete to abstract, from part
to whole, close to remote, expository order based on prerequisite learnings
Integration – horizontal (e.g., Math - Science) or vertical integration
Focus – determining which content items are more important to cover excessive number of facts may
hinder coverage of main ideas, appropriate relationship between facts and ideas has to be
determined.

o Grade placement of Allocation of content to definite grade capable of learning

Factors to consider: child‟s ability, difficulty of item, importance of content, maturation, mental age,
experiential background

o Time Allotment of Specification of a definite time for subject/course; amount of time given to a subject
Factors to consider: importance of subject; child‟s ability; grade level average number of days/hours

o Sequence of Putting content into an order of succession for an orderly and productive learning contents

c. Curriculum Implementation
A process by which curricula are used in schools; this is the instructional phase of curriculum
development process

Includes knowing the

o Scope and complexity of curricular changes
o How curriculum content is disseminated
o Professional development
o Identification of resources requirement

Requires planning and managing the major operations that occur in the curriculum in the classroom
A process by which curricula are used in schools; the instructional phase of curriculum development
process; includes knowing the:
o Scope and complexity of curricular changes
o How curriculum content is disseminated
o Professional development of stakeholders
o Identification of resource requirements

d. Curriculum Evaluation
The process of delineating, obtaining and providing useful information for judging decision alternative
Refers to the formal determination of the quality, effectiveness, or value of a curriculum
Involves value judgment about the curriculum
Consist of process and product assessment
o Process evaluation – used to a. provide information about the extent to which plans for
curriculum implementation are executed and the wise use of resources; b. to
provide assistance
o Product evaluation – used in gathering, interpreting and appraising curricular
attainments, as often as necessary, to determine how well the curriculum meets
the needs of the students it is intended to serve

Procedures of Curriculum Evaluation:

a. Focusing
b. Preparing
c. Implementing
d. Analyzing
e. Reporting

Criteria to observe in curriculum evaluation

a. Consistency with objectives
b. Comprehensive scope
c. Sufficient diagnostic value
d. Validity
e. Unity of evaluative judgment
f. Continuity

Why evaluate?

1. Meet demands that current educational reforms have made;

2. Provide direction, security and feedbacks to all concerned;

3. Determine appropriate and available resources, activities, content, methods or whether curriculum has
coherence, balance articulation, etc. in order to meet curriculum goals/objectives

What curriculum qualities to evaluate?

1. Mission statement (philosophy);

2. Sequence (order);

3. Continuity (without disruptions);

4. Scope (depth/variety of content)

5. Articulation (how parts fit);

6. Balance (quantitative and qualitative aspects of content);

 7. Coherence (relationships among different components)

e. Curriculum Improvement or Curriculum Change:

involves the decisions to make as evaluation results are utilized in full extent:

Curriculum Improvement
o Refers to alteration of certain aspects of curriculum without changing the fundamental
curriculum elements/structures/conception

Curriculum change
o Refers to the basic alteration in the structure and design of learning experiences based on new
conceptions, which may be at the school, district, or national level

o Involves the following tasks:

1. Identification of a particular need to change; may be based on evaluation results, or initiative
from concerned individuals or groups
2. Study of alternative and proposals for change
3. Selection of proposed change (either one subject only or in one school only)
4. Pilot study design
5. Appraisal of data from pilot study, and the corresponding, necessary modification if any
6. Continuous study by concerned staff through adequate in-service activities and help of any
consultant
7. Decision to adapt, adopt or reject
8. Integration into the school system
PROF ED
PART 1: KOUNIN'S MGT MODEL (1970)
✔stimulus boundedness -- teacher's attention interrupted by extrateneous stimulus
✔Thrust -- teacher interrupts students engaged in activities w/o considering whether the student is ready or not.
✔Dangels -- teacher interrupts activity of student and return to it again.
✔Truncations -- teacher does not return to current activity after being interrupted.
✔Overdwelling -- teacher focuses on a certain topic that will lead to too much time consupmtion, the lesson
will slow down.
✔Fragmentation -- chunks of lesson for students to understand his/her lesson effectively or breaking down of
activity to cause too much time.
✔Flip Flop -- teacher changes its activity from current activity to new one and vice versa
whenever he/she changes his/her mind.

PART 2 PO.
THEORIES AND THEIR PROPONENTS
✔Wilhelm Woundt = german psycologist "founder of modern psychology.
✔Titchener = structuralism psychology
William james, G. Stanley Hall, James M. Cattell.... these three promote "functionalism psychology
✔Charles darwin = theories to mental characteristics as human think, feel & behave(" evolutionary
psychology")
✔Herman Ebbinghaus = associationism psychology
✔Edwin Guthrie = (stimulus and response ) :; temporal conguity
✔Edward Lee Thorndike = "satisfaction" "the law of effect".
✔Ivan Pavlov = involuntary behavior
✔Max Wertheimer = gestalt psychology
✔Otto Loewi = discovered "acetylchloline" respobsible in stimulation of muscles
✔Ulf von Euler discovered "norepinephrine" bringing our nervous system into "high alert" ✔Arvid Carlsson
discovered "dopamine" the reward mechanisms in the brain
✔Jean Piaget -- cognitive dev't , info processing , dynamic interrelation.
✔Sigmund Freud -- psychosexual , psychoanalytic
✔Erik Erickson -- psychosocial
✔Lawrence Kohlberg -- moral dev't,
✔Burrhus Frederic Skinner -- operant cond.
✔Ivan Pavlov -- classical cond.
✔Edward Lee Thorndike -- connectionism
✔Albert Bandura -- social learning, neo - behaviorism
✔Robert Gagne -- sequence of instruction
✔Abraham Maslow -- hierarchy of needs , motivation theory
✔William Kohler -- insight learning
✔Robert Havighurst -- devt task theory
✔Benjamin Bloom -- bloom's cognitive taxonomy
✔Simpsons / Anita Harrow -- psychomotor domain
✔David Krathwohl -- affective domain
✔Jerome Bruner -- constructivist, spiral curr, instrumental conceptualism
✔Lev Vygotsky -- socio-cultural theory of cognitive devt , linguistic theory, Scaffolding
✔Edgar Dale -- cone of exp. (20% remember)
✔kohler,koffka, weirtheimer -- gestalt psychology
✔John Locke -- tabularasa , empiricism
✔Howard Gardner -- multiple int.
✔Noam Chomsky -- language acquisition theory , fr of linguistic, nativism
✔David Ausubel -- meaningful learning, graphic organizer, assumption
✔Charles Cooley -- looking glass self theory
✔John Flavel -- metacognition
✔Sandra Bem -- gender schema theory
✔Elliot Turriel -- social domain theory
✔Robert Sternberg -- triachic theory of int.
✔Johm Watson -- behaviorial theory
✔Maria Montessory -- transfer of learning, kinder garten preparation of children.
✔Edward Tolman -- purposive behaviorism and goal oriented
✔Edward Torrance -- creative problem solving
✔Bernard Weiner -- attribution theory
✔Daniel Goleman/coleman? -- emotional intelligence
✔Wolfgang Ratke -- used vernacular for approaching the class.
✔mencius -- idealistic wing of confucianism
✔hzun tzu -- realistic wing of confusianism
✔taoism -- lao tzu
✔Herbart spencer -- moral devt
✔Pestallozi -- symmetrical and harmonious devt of child
✔John Jacques Rosseau -- nature of child
✔Arnold Gesell - maturation theory
✔John Dewey - Learning by doing
✔David Froebel - Father of kinder garten
✔John Bowly - Attainment Theory
✔Edward Boro - Six Thinking Hats Theory
✔Auguste Comte - Father of Sociology
✔Carlos Linnaeus - Father of modern taxonomy.
✔John Amos Comencius - Fr. of modern education.
✔Erasmus Desiderius - Fr. of humanism/ social humanism
✔William Kilpatrick - Project method.
PART 3:
IDEALISM -- plato
REALISM -- aristotle
EMPIRICISM -- locke
PRAGMATISM -- dewey
EXISTENTIALISM -- hegel
PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- moore
ESSENTIALISM -- bagley
PERENNIALISM -- hutchins
PROGRESSIVISM -- dewey
RECONSTRUCTIONALISM -- brameld
BEHAVIORISM -- skinner or watson
STRUCTURALISM -- helmholts or wundt?
FUNCTIONALISM -- james,nugell, or carr?
PURPOSIVISM -- hormic

PART 4 –ISM

✔NATURALISM -- only nature exist, nature is better than civilization (NATURALESA ng isang BAGAY)
✔IDEALISM -- spiritual, values, moral, socratic method
✔REALISM -- natural world, values are natural and absolute, reality exist undercieved
✔PRAGMATISM/EXPERIMENTALISM -- practical, problem solving research, knowledge is what works,
values are related, truth is warranted assertion.
✔ESSENTIALISM -- 3r's (4r's ngayon), achievement test, certain knowledge & skills are essential for rational
being.
✔PROGRESSIVISM -- process of development, higher level of knowledge, the child's need and interest are
relevant to curriculum.
✔EXISTENTIALISM -- knowledge is subjective, man shapes his being as he lives, we are what we do,
deciding precedes knowing.
✔PERENNIALISM -- education that last for century, universalist, knowledge is eternally valid.
✔SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIVISM -- for better society, community based learning
✔RECONSTRUCTIONALISM -- the school should help rebuild the social order thus social change.
✔BEHAVIORISM -- learning is change in behavior, S-R relationship
✔EMPIRICISM -- knowledge comes thru senses, 5 senses (observatory learning)
✔STRUCTURALISM -- complex mental exp. such as image, feeling and sensation
✔FUNCTIONALISM -- focus to motivation, thinking & learning.
✔PURPOSIVISM -- individual hormones are responsible for the motive to strive towards fulfilment of his/her
objective.
✔PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- reality is what verifiable, truth corresponds to reality, usage determines
meaning
PART 5: REPUBLIC ACTS
9155 -- Governance of basic educ. act of 2001
6728 -- GASTPE
7722 -- creating CHED
7784 -- " " of center of excellence
7796 -- creating TESDA
6655 -- Free public secondary act of 1988
4090 -- creating a state scholarship council to intergrate, systematize, administer and implement all program
scholarships and appropriating funds.
5447 -- creation of a special educ. fund act enacted in 1968
-- organization and extension of classes
-- adding classroom to remote areas,barrios and provincial schools
6139 -- regulated the secretarian schools/private school in charging higher tuition fee
7687 -- science and technology scholarship act of 1994
7743 -- establishment of city and municipal libraries.
8292 -- higher educ. modernization act of 1997
6850 -- an act to grant Civil Service eligibility under certain conditions to Gov. employees appointed under
provisionary or temporary status who rendered 7 years of efficient service
8545 -- amending RA 7628 Expanded GASTPE Act
8525 -- Adopt a school program
8491 -- Flag and Heraldic code of the Ph.
7797 -- lengthen the school prog. to 200 days and not more than 220 days
8190 -- act of granting priority to residents of the brgy. where school is located in the appointment and
assignment of school.
6972 -- act of stablishing DAY CARE CENTER FOR EVERY BRGY.
7624 -- integrating of drug prevention and control in the intermediate & secondary curricula and indigeneous
learning system
7743 -- act providing libraries and reading centers throughout the Ph.
7877 -- anti-sexual harassment act of 1995
9163 -- NSTP of 2001
6193 -- regulation of tuition fees of private educ. institution
10627 -- anti-bullyinh act of 2013
10533 -- enhance basic educ. act of 2013 (K-12 PROGRAM)
9485 -- anti-red tape act
Executive Order (E.O.) 66 -- rule of cancellation of classes due to typhoon, flooding and other calamities.

PART 6
Philosophers Related to Learners Development
✔SIGMUND FREUD -- "the mind is like an iceberg, it floats with one-seventh of its bulk avove water.
COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY
ID -- pleasure center
EGO -- reality center
SUPER EGO -- conscience / judgment center.
PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEV'T
ORAL -- thumb sucking, biting
ANAL -- toilet training, control of their bowel.
PHALLIC -- sexual interest, genital stimulation.
LATENCY -- sexual urges & interest were temporary
GENITAL -- adult sexual interest and activities come to dominate.
Odipus complex - son vs father towards mother/wife feelings . (excessive attachment)(Phallic stage)
Electra complex - daugther vs mother towards father/husband feelings. (excessive attachment)(Phallic stage)
Personality Dynamics
LIFE INSTINCT
DEATH INSTINCT
===================================
✔ERIK ERICKSON -- "healthy children will not fear in their elders have integrity enough to fear of death.
PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES of DEVT
CRISIS -- a person goes through
MALADAPTATION -- result from failure to effectivity resolve the problem
MALIGNACY -- "
VIRTUE -- emerges when balance & resolution of crisis attained.
PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY STAGES
Stage: Early Childhood (2 to 3 years)
Basic Conflict: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Important Events: Toilet Training
Outcome: Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of
independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.
Stage: Preschool (3 to 5 years)
Basic Conflict: Initiative vs. Guilt
Important Events: Exploration
Outcome: Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads
to a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of
guilt.
Stage: School Age (6 to 11 years)
Basic Conflict: Industry vs. Inferiority
Important Events: School
Outcome: Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of
competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
Stage: Adolescence (12 to 18 years)
Basic Conflict: Identity vs. Role Confusion
Important Events: Social Relationships
Outcome: Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to
yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.
Stage: Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years)
Basic Conflict: Intimacy vs. Isolation
Important Events: Relationships
Outcome: Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong
relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation.
Stage: Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years)
Basic Conflict: Generativity vs. Stagnation
Important Events: Work and Parenthood
Outcome: Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a
positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while
failure results in shallow involvement in the world.
Stage: Maturity(65 to death)
Basic Conflict: Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Important Events: Reflection on life
Outcome: Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to
feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair.
===================================
✔LEV VYGOTSKY -- "the teacher must orient his work not on yesterday's devt in the childs but on
tomorrow's.
SCAFFOLDING -- is the systematic manner of providing assistance of the learners to effectively acquire skills.
MKO(More Knowledge Others) -- higher level of performance.
===================================
✔JEAN PIAGET -- " the school should be creating men & women who are capable of doing new things not
simply repeating what other generation have done.
STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVT.
SENSORY MOTOR (BIRTH - 2y/o) -- infants knowledge.
PRE-OPERATIONAL ( 2-7y/o) -- pretent to play but still struggle with logic,mental symbols interest.
CONCRETE OPERATIONAL (7-11) -- think logically, hypothetically and concepts, solve problems
FORMAL OPERATIONAL (11-UP) -- deductive reasoning and understanding of abstract ideas, think
symbolically.
===================================
✔LAWRENCE KOHLBERG -- "right action tends to be defined in terms of general individual rights and
standards that have been critically examined & agreed upon by the whole society.
LEVELS OF MORAL DEVT.
PRE-CONVENTIONAL -- obidience & punishment (consequences) , individualism & exchange
CONVENTIONAL --interpersonal relationship, maintain social order.
POST-CONVENTIONAL -- social contract and individual rights , universal principles, set of values and
beliefs.
===================================
✔URIE BROFENBRENNER --
ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY
MICROSYSTEM -- sorroundings of individual: family, friends, neighborhood
MESOSYSTEM -- connections between context, school experiences to church experience.
EXOSYSTEM -- includes other people and places that the child herself may not interact with often herself but
that still have a large effect on her.
PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY STAGES

Stage: Early Childhood (2 to 3 years)

Basic Conflict: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Important Events: Toilet Training
Outcome: Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of
independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.

Stage: Preschool (3 to 5 years)

Basic Conflict: Initiative vs. Guilt
Important Events: Exploration
Outcome: Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads
to a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of
guilt.

Stage: School Age (6 to 11 years)

Basic Conflict: Industry vs. Inferiority
Important Events: School
Outcome: Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of
competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.

Stage: Adolescence (12 to 18 years)

Basic Conflict: Identity vs. Role Confusion
Important Events: Social Relationships
Outcome: Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to
yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.

Stage: Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years)

Basic Conflict: Intimacy vs. Isolation
Important Events: Relationships
Outcome: Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong
relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation.

Stage: Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years)

Basic Conflict: Generativity vs. Stagnation
Important Events: Work and Parenthood
Outcome: Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a
positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while
failure results in shallow involvement in the world.
Stage: Maturity (65 to death)
Basic Conflict: Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Important Events: Reflection on life
Outcome: Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to
feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair.

===================================
✔LEV VYGOTSKY -- "the teacher must orient his work not on yesterday's devt in the childs but on
tomorrow's.
SCAFFOLDING -- is the systematic manner of providing assistance of the learners to effectively acquire skills.
MKO(More Knowledge Others) -- higher level of performance.

===================================
✔JEAN PIAGET -- " the school should be creating men & women who are capable of doing new things not
simply repeating what other generation have done.
STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVT.
SENSORY MOTOR (BIRTH - 2y/o) -- infants knowledge.
PRE-OPERATIONAL ( 2-7y/o) -- pretent to play but still struggle with logic,mental symbols interest.
CONCRETE OPERATIONAL (7-11) -- think logically, hypothetically and concepts, solve problems
FORMAL OPERATIONAL (11-UP) -- deductive reasoning and understanding of abstract ideas, think
symbolically.

===================================
✔LAWRENCE KOHLBERG -- "right action tends to be defined in terms of general individual rights and
standards that have been critically examined & agreed upon by the whole society.
LEVELS OF MORAL DEVT.
PRE-CONVENTIONAL -- obidience & punishment (consequences) , individualism & exchange
CONVENTIONAL --interpersonal relationship, maintain social order.
POST-CONVENTIONAL -- social contract and individual rights , universal principles, set of values and
beliefs.

===================================
✔URIE BROFENBRENNER --
ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY
MICROSYSTEM -- sorroundings of individual: family, friends, neighborhood
MESOSYSTEM -- connections between context, school experiences to church experience.
EXOSYSTEM -- includes other people and places that the child herself may not interact with often herself but
that still have a large effect on her.
MACROSYSTEM -- which is the largest and most remote set of people and places and things to a child but
which still has a great influence over the child.
===================================
✔ALBERT BANDURA -- SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
: environment affects child's personality : learninh occurs by simply observing people, people learned from
what they see and the consequences of what they did

PART 7

FOUR PILLARS OF LEARNING

✔LEANING TO KNOW -- focuses on combining broad gen. knowledge and basic educ. with the opportunity
to work on a small number of subjects in the light of rapid changes brought about by scientific progress ang new
forms of economic and social acitivity.
❇Learning how to learn and to discover, as to benefit from ongoing educational opportunities continuously
arising throughout life.
❇Developing the faculties of memory, imagination, reasoning and problem solving.
❇Understanding about one's environment.
❇Communicating with others.

✔LEARNING TO DO -- emphasizes on the learning of skills necessary to practice a profession or trade.

❇applying in practice what has been learned.
❇developing vocational / occupational and technical skills
❇developing social skills in building meaningful interpersonal relationships.
❇developing competence, social behavior, aptitude for teamwork
❇enhancing the ability to communicate and work with others
❇managing and resolving conflicts.

✔LEARNING TO BE -- prioritizes the development of the human potencial to the fullest.

❇tapping the talents hidden with individual.
❇developing personal commitment and responsibilty for the common good.

✔LEARNING TO LIVE TOGETHER -- emphasizes understanding of others, their history, tradition and
cultures, and also living and interacting peacefully together.
❇appreciating diversity of human race
❇being receptive to others and encounter others through dialogue and debate.
❇caring about others
❇working toward common objectives in cooperative undertakings.
❇managing and resolving conflicts.
PART 8:

COGNITIVE PERSPECTVE : GESTALT PRINCIPLE

✅German word means "whole, form, pattern or configuration"
✅the focus of this theory is on Perception and how people assign meaning to visual stimuli "The whole is
more than the sum of all parts"

LAW OF PROXIMITY -- elements that are closer together be percieved as a coherent object.
LAW OF SIMILARITY -- similar will percieved as part of the same form.
LAW OF CLOSURE -- ignoring gaps in the figure.
LAW OF CONTINUATION -- patterns establish an impled direction, people tend a good continous line.
LAW OF PRAGNANZ -- stimulus will be organize into a good figure as possible.
LAW OF FIGURE/GROUND -- we tend to pay attention and percieved things in the foreground first.
INSIGHT LEARNING -- Gestalt adheres to the idea of learning takes place by discovery.

PART 9
✔Ripple Effect -- spreading effect of series of consequences caused by singlr action or event.
✔Hawthorne Effect -- type of reactivity effect in which individuals improve an aspect of their behavior in
response to their awareness of being observed.
✔Halo Effect -- cognitive bias which an observer overall impression of a person, influences the observers
feeling and thoughts about the entity's character or property
✔Pygmalion Effect -- Shows the teacher's expectation (self-fulfillment)
✔Golem Effect -- low expection leads to decrease in performance.

REINFORCEMENTS
Positive -- presence of stimulus
Negative -- absence of stimulus
Escape -- removes stimulus
Avoidance -- prevents stimulus
Reinforcement -- increase of behavior
Punishment -- weakens response.
English
QUESTION TAGS
There are five ways in which we normally use question tags and they are easily explained here.
1. Positive/negative
If the main part of the sentence is positive, the question tag is negative.
Example: “He‟s a doctor, isn‟t he?”
Example: “You work in a bank, don‟t you?” ( Note that if there is not an auxiliary use do, does, or didn‟t at the
end of the sentence)
If the main part of the sentence is negative, the question tag is positive.
Example: “You haven‟t met him, have you?”
Example: “She isn‟t coming, is she?”
2. With auxiliary verbs
The question tag uses the same verb as the main part of the sentence. If this is an auxiliary verb („have‟, „be‟)
then the question tag is made with the auxiliary verb.
Example: “They‟ve gone away for a few days, haven‟t they?”
Example: “They weren‟t here, were they?”
Example: “He had met him before, hadn‟t he?”
Example: “This isn‟t working, is it?”
3. Without auxiliary verbs
If the main part of the sentence doesn‟t have an auxiliary verb, the question tag uses an appropriate form of
„do‟.
Example: “I said that, didn‟t I?”
Example: “You don‟t recognise me, do you?”
Example: “She eats meat, doesn‟t she?”
4. With modal verbs
If there is a modal verb in the main part of the sentence the question tag uses the same modal verb.
Example: “They couldn‟t hear me, could they?”
Example: “You won‟t tell anyone, will you?”
5. With „I am‟
Be careful with question tags with sentences that start „I am‟. The question tag for „I am‟ is „aren‟t I?‟
Example: “I‟m the fastest, aren‟t I?”
or in a negative form we use the same “am” form at the end as in the positive form of the sentence.
Example: “I‟m not fat , am I?”
LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR TEACHERS Reviewer On PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION:

HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT and FACILITATING LEARNING

GROWTH
· Increase in body size and other parts of the human body
· Pertains to quantitative changes in the body and can be measured
· Takes place in the first twenty (20) years of life
· Most rapid during infancy and growth spurt on adolescence/puberty

DEVELOPMENT
· Pertains to qualitative change in the human body and cannot be measured
· It happens from simple to more complex
· Takes place even after 20 years of life
· Refers to our maturation

(Remember that the process of Growth and Development cannot be compared!)

There are two (2) Factors affecting Growth and Development:
1. Heredity (Nature) - refers to the transfer of genes. It also puts limitation in growth and development.
2. Environment (Nurture) – pertains to the interaction with the surroundings and proper nutrition acquired.

When a baby is newly born, it is covered with a cheese-like substance called vernix caseosa. Also covering the
newborn is lanugo which is the fine hair-like structure covering the baby.

There are also different types of birth presentations. They are the ff:
1. Cephalic when the head of the baby is presented first during birth giving.
2. Breech when the legs/buttocks are presented, and
3. Transverse when the shoulders of the baby are presented during birth.

During infancy, babies tend to present reflexes. Reflexes are involuntary movements or actions. Some
movements are spontaneous, occurring as part of the baby‟s usual activity. Others are responses to certain
actions. Reflexes help identify normal brain and nerve activity. Some reflexes occur only in specific periods of
development. The following are some of the normal reflexes seen on newborn babies:

1. Root reflex. This reflex begins when the corner of the baby‟s mouth is stroked or touched. The baby will
turn his/her head and open his/her mouth to follow and “root” the direction of the stroking. This helps
the baby find the breast or bottle to begin feeding.
2. Suck reflex. Rooting helps the baby become ready to suck. When the roof of the baby‟s mouth is
touched, the baby will begin to suck. This reflex does not begin about the 32nd week of pregnancy and
is not fully developed until about 36 weeks.
3. Moro reflex. The Moro reflex is often called as “startle reflex” because it usually occurs when a baby
is startled by a loud sound or movement. In response to the sound, the baby throws back his/her head,
extends out his/her arms and legs, cries, then pulls the arms and legs back in. A baby‟s own cry can
startle him/her and trigger this reflex.
4. Tonic neck reflex. When a baby‟s head is turned to one side, the arm on that side stretches out and the
opposite arm bends up the elbow. This is often calles as the “fencing” position and lasts about 6 to 7
months.
5. Grasp reflex. Stroking tha palm of the baby‟s hand causes the baby to close his/her fingers in a grasp.
It lasts until about 5 to 6 months of age.
6. Babinski reflex. When the sole of the foot is firmly stroked, the big toe bends back toward the top of
the foot and the other toes fan out. This is a normal reflex until 2 years of age.
7. Step reflex. This is also called as the walking or dance reflex because the baby appears to be dancing
or taking steps when held upright.
8. Cremasteric reflex. This reflex is much common to baby boys. When the thigh is stroked softly, the
lower part of the tummy tends to startle or move. This reflex is also observable during puberty or even
among grown up men.

Principles of Growth and Development

1. Cephalocaudal – refers to “from head to tail” development

2. Proximodistal – a development that starts from the center of the body going outward
a. Gross motor skills pertains to larger skills that babies mmake with their arms, legs, feet or with
his entire body such as crawling, running and jumping.
b. Fine motor skills refers to smaller actions such as when a baby picks up things between his
fingers or wriggles his toes on the sand. T also includes moving his/her tongue, mouth and
smaller parts of the body.

Periods of Development

1. Pre-natal period – from conception to birth

2. Infancy – from birth to 18 months old
3. Early childhood -18 months to 6 years

During 3-6 years old, boys tend to display “Pseudomasturbation”. During this period teachers
must be very observant and should not impose threat or punishment when such activity is observed. If
the teacher do so, the child may develop “castration fear” or the fear of having his genitals being
removed. The BEST way to handle such situation inside the classroom is to ignore the behavior, divert
the attention of the child and after, explain to the child that masturbation should be done in private
places.

4. Middle and late childhood – from 6 to 13 years (slow growth)

5. Adolescence period from 13 to 19 years . secondary sex characteristics develops
Menarche – menstruation
Thelarche – breast budding
Pseudomenstruation – withdrawal of maternal hormones
6. Early 20-45 years old
7. Middle adulthood 45-65 years old
8. Late 65 years onwards (death)

THEORIES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

All theories of human growth and development has an effect upon decisions made in the
classroom and parental management.

SIGMUND FREUD believes that all human beings pass through a series of Psychosexual Development.
This theory includes pleasure-giving bodies per stages and may result to “fixation” if cannot be able to
move on.

The Psychosexual Development Theory

STAGES AGE OVERSTIMULATION UNDERSTIMULATION CHARACTERISTICS

Oral From Gullible Mistrust, alcoholic Mouth is the center of
birth to Easy to be fooled drinker, smoker and pleasure and major
18 gossiper source of gratification
months and exploration
ANAL 18 Obsessive Compulsive Messy, clumsy, Anus and bladder as
(toilet months to Personality Disorder, disobedient and pleasure-giving bodies
training) 3 years too obedient rebellious

PHALLIC 3-6 years Pervert Frigid impotence, too shy Genitalia as the source
(Penis) old of pleasure
(masturbation).
Develops Elektra and
Oedipus complex

LATENCY 6- Workaholic Failing grades Energy directed to

(school age) puberty physical and
intellectual activities.
Sexual responses are
repressed. Normal
homosexual stage
(relationship with
same sex or “barkada”

GENITAL Puberty - - Energy towards full

onwards sex maturity.
Reappearance of
Oedipus and Elektra
complex but directed
to opposite sex
*Oedipus Complex means that the son is more into the mother while Elektra Complex means that the
daughter is more into the father.

*Overstimulation means that when the child during the given age of a particular stage is given
something too much may result to something negative. For example, during the Oral stage, if the baby
doesn‟t need a breastfeed but the mother still gives him milk he will become too used to it resulting to
being gullible when he grow up. On the other hand, if the baby is understimulated or wants milk to the
point that he/she is crying but the mother always ignore him/her, then the baby will grow up as if he/she
always wanted to have something in his mouth for he/she was deprived of it. This may result for him/her
to be a drinker, a smoker or gossiper.

Sigmund Freud also developed the differences between our id, ego, and superego.

EGO (moral principle; conscience)

SUPEREGO (reality principle; balances id and ego)
ID (evil; the “I” principle; self-centered)

Teachers should be aware of the Psychosexual Development Theory in order for us to fully understand
why some of our pupils/students behave the way they do.
ERIK ERIKSON proposed the Psychosocial Development Theory.
According to him under this theory, crisis must be resolved in order to develop a healthy
direction. Take note that the focus on Psychosocial Development Theory is an important sociocultural
determinance of human development.

The Psychosocial Development Theory

1. Infancy
Psychosocial conflict: Trust VS Mistrust
Task: attachment to the mother/caregiver
If successful: trust in persons/faith and hope about the environment and future
If unsuccessful: difficulties in relating to persons effectively. Fear of the future
2. Toddlerhood (18 months – 3 years)
Psychosocial conflict: Autonomy VS Shame and Doubt
Task: gaining some basic control over self and environment
If successful: sense of self-control
If unsuccessful: severe feeling of self-doubt. Always thinking that he cannot do something.
3. Preschool Age (3 – 6 years)
Psychosocial conflict: Initiative VS Guilt
Task: children areasked to assume more responsibilities, becoming purposeful and directive
If successful: ability to initiate one‟s activities
If unsuccessful: sense of inadequacy/guilt
4.School Age (6 – 12 years)
Psychosocial conflict: Industrious VS Inferiority
Task: developing social, physical and learning skills
If successful: competence and ability to work and learn
If unsuccessful: sense of inferiority or difficulty in working and learning
5. Adolescence period (12 – 20 years)
Psychosocial conflict: Identity VS Role Confusion
Task: developing sense of identity
If successful: sense of personal identity
If unsuccessful: role confusion
6. Young Adulthood (20 – 35 years)
Psychosocial conflict: Intimacy VS Isolation
Task: establishing intimate bonds of love and friendship
If successful: ability to love deeply and commit oneself
If unsuccessful: emotional isolation, egocentric (self-directed)
7. Middle Adulthood (35 -65 years)
Psychosocial conflict: Generativity VS Stagnation
Task: fulfilling life goals (family, career, society)
If successful: ability to give and care for others
If unsuccessful: self-absorption, inability to grow as a person
8. Late Adulthood (65 years – death)
Psychosocial conflict: Integrity VS Despair
Task: looking back over one‟s life and accepting its meaning
If successful: sense of fulfillment
If unsuccessful: Dissatisfaction with life

As professional teachers, we should know how to prevent crisis to occur on every aspect of
growth and development, especially stages 1-5 for these are the stages where an individual learner is at
school. We should make every task given on every aspect of the learner‟s life successful.
JEAN PIAGET developed the Cognitive Development Theory wherein according to him, knowledge is
based from prior learning (schema). He also stressed that Constructivism (realting past knowledge to
new ones) is important to the learners‟ development.

The Cognitive Development Theory

1. Sensorimotor Stage (birth – 2 years)
· Sensory organs and muscles become more functional
· Movements are primarily reflexive
· All are extensions of oneself
· Routines should be established
2. Preoperational Stage (2 – 7 years)
· Starts to think
· Egocentric
· Cannot accept defeat
· Animism (considering that objects have life)
· Role of playing is emphasized (enhances imagination)
· No sense of conservation and reversibility
3. Concrete – Operational Stage (7 – 12 years)
· Knows how to reason out
· Learns the law of conservation
· Learns to follow abstract reasoning but limited
· They have problems in hypothetical reasoning
4. Formal Operation Stage (12 years onwards)
· Able to solve abstract problems
· Learner is rational and logical
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG based his ideas on the findings of Jean Piaget in studying Cognitive
Development and proposed the Moral Development Theory. According to him, our ability to choose
right from wrong is tied with our ability to understand and reason logically.

The Moral Development Theory

Level 1. Pre-Conventional (Authority figures are obeyed) (birth – 9 years)

Stage 1. Punishment-Obedience Orientation
[if you do good, no punishment]
[if you do wrong, there will be punishment]
Stage 2. Instrumental-Relativist
[I will do good to you if you are good to me]
[I will do bad to you if you are bad to me]
Level 2. Conventional (9 – 13 years)
Stage 3. Interpersonal Concordance (Good Boy Nice Girl Orientation; Morality of Cooperation)
[I am doing this because everyone is doing the same thing]
Stage 4. Law and Order Orientation
Morality of Constraints
Behavior is right when it conforms to the Law
Level 3. Post Conventional (13 years onwards)
Stage 5. Social Contratc Orientation (Morality of Cognition)
Respect the differences in ideas, concepts, orality and religious affiliation
It is wrong to violate others‟ rights
Stage 6. Universal Ethics Orientation
[I will do it because I know it is right to do it]

Knowing the Moral Developement Theory, teachers can be guided on making disciplinary measures in
the classroom and managerial processes.
LEV VYGOTSKY proposed the Socio-Cultural Theory. He emphasized that social interaction plays a
very important role in cognitive development. He also believed that individual development could not be
understood without looking into the social and cultural context within which development happens.

Scaffolding is Vygotsky‟s term for appropriate assistance given by the teacher to assist the learner
accomplish a specific task.

Language Development *the best definition of the word is based on how it is being used.

There are four (4) major theorists on Language Developement.

1. BURRHUS FREDERICK SKINNER

· Proposed Operant Conditioning
· Involves reinforcements (rewards)
· “Talk to the child in an adult way”
· Playing Damn Technique – let the child talk

2. NOAM CHOMSKY
developed the Language Acquisition Device or Mother Tongue-Based Technique.
He is also the major proponent of the Innatist Theory, which postulates that humans have innate
ability to acquire language; they are genetically preprogrammed for it.
All normally developing children acquire language.
He also maintains that language and thought are separate.

3. SOCIAL CONTEXTUAL THEORY.

This theory is primarily proposed by Lev Vygotsky which states that social interaction influences
both language and cognitive development

4. COGNITIVIST THEORY
(Jean Piaget) maintained that language acquisition cannot take place until cognitive development
has paved the way for it. It asserts that children develop knowledge of the world and then “map”
this knowledge unto language categories and relations. From this viewpoint, language
development depends on cognitive development, but not vice versa.

Who are the Exceptional Children? They are children with the following conditions and difficulties:
1. Aphasia – impairment of any language modality (sound production)
2. Dysphasia – partial impairment of language
3. Dyslexia – special learning disability with written language
4. Dyscalculia – special learning disability with numerical operations
5. ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) – impulsivity in attention and being
hyperactive.
Ritalin – medicine for ADHD. It makes the hyperactive child more hyperactive to make
him/her tired and tend to take a rest.
PAULO FREIRE proposed the Banking Concept of Education.
According to him, a child is like a bank which the teacher deposits knowledge. This is almost the
same with John Locke‟s Theory of Tabula Rasa wherein the child is like a blank tablet which during the
learning process becomes filled with knowledge. Apparently, Jean Piaget opposed these for according to
him, the child has prior knowledge already and the teacher gives new knowledge then the child relates it
to what he already know (Theory of Constructivism).

THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE AND LEARNING STYLES

1. Two-Factor Theory by Charles Spearman.

It supports that intelligence has two factors: a general mental ability factor (g) which represents
what different cognitive tasks have in common; and many specific factors (s) which include
mental abilities (mathematical, mechanical or verbal skills). Spearman is also the first one to use
Psychometric approach to measure or quantify cognitive abilitiesm or factors taht are thought to
be involved in intellectual performance.

Let me give you an example:

Who is more intelligent, an examinee who garnered Top 1 in the Licensure Examination for
Teachers or a dancer who won champion in a national dance competition?
From the example given, we can see that both have exceptional abilities. But in terms of asking
who is more intelligent then it depends on how intelligence is defined. If intelligence is defined
in terms of cognitive abilities, we should say that the examinee who topped the LET is more
intelligent. However, if intelligence is defined in terms of motor skills and bodily kinesthetics,
then the champion dancer is more intelligent.

2. Multiple Intelligence Theory by Howard Gardner.

It argues that there are different kinds of mental abilities that make up different kinds of
intelligence. Instead of having only two factors, there are 9 kinds which include verbal
intelligence, musical intelligence, logico-mathematical intelligence, spatial intelligencce, body
kinesthetics intelligence, intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligence, naturalistic intelligence and
existential or moral intelligence.

3. Sternberg‟s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence. This is divided into three sub theories:
a. Experiential intelligence which is the ability to formulate new ideas;
b. Contextual intelligence which is the ability to adapt to a changing environment; and
c. Componential intelligence which is the ability to think abstractly and process information.

4. Jean Piaget‟s Dynamic View.

According to him, a person‟s intelligence is dynamic, that is, it changes as a person‟s interaction
with his or her environment changes.

5. Wechsler‟s Global View.

David Wechsler made his fame as the developer of the IQ Tests. He devised teh Wechsler
Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WESC-R). He stressed that intelligence is the aggregate
of global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally and to deal effectively
with the environment.
 RELEVANT LAWS (Rights of the Child)

1. Republic Act No. 9344, the act establishing a Comprehensive Juvenile Justice and Welfare System.
It exempts children below 18 years of age from criminal liability.
2. Republic Act No. 7610, The Special Protection of Children against Child Abuse.
3. Republic Act No. 7658, known as “An Act Prohibiting the Employment of Children below 15 Years of
Age.”
4. Filipino Children: Child 21. This is a strategic programming network that promotes and safeguards
the rights of the Filipino children.,
5. Republic Act No. 8049. It is known as “An Act Regulating Hazing and Other Forms of Initiation Rites
in Fraternities, Sororities, and Other Organizations and Providing Penalties.”
6. Republic Act No. 8353. Also known as “The Anti-Rape Law of 1997”. An act expanding the definition
of Rape, Reclassifying the same as Crime Against Person, amending the purpose Act No. 3815,
as amended, otherwise known as the Revised Penal Code.

Republic Act

R.A. 8187-Paternity Act

R.A 10533-K-12 law
R.A 7796-created the TESDA
R.A. 9155-created the DEPED
R.A. 7357-created the NCCA
R.A. 6847-created the Philippine Sports Commission
R.A. 8049-penalizes hazing inside and outside the campus.
R.A 7877-penalizes sexual harassment inside and outside the campus
R.A.7610-penalizes child abuse inside and outside the campus
R.A.10627-penalizes bullying inside and outside the campus.
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

LITERATURE
-is derived from the latin word litera_letter
-any printed matter written within a book, magazine or pamphlet.

TYPES OF LITERATURE

A.PROSE
1.Novel-long narrative devided into chapter.The events are taken from true-to-life stories and spans a long
period of time.
2.Short story-a narrative involving one or more characters,one plot and one single impression.
3.Plays-presented in stage devided into acts and each act has many scenes.
4.Legends-these are fictions ,narrative, usually about origins.
5.Fables-stories about animals and enanimate things that speak and act like people and thier purpose is to
enlighten the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes.
6.Anecdotes-product of the writer's imagination and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader.
7.Essay-expresses the viewpoint of opinion of the writer about a particular problem or event-best example is the
editorial page of a newspaper.
8.Biography-deals with the life of a person which may be about himself or that of others.

B. POETRY
1.Narrative
a.Epic - an extended narrative about heroic exploits often under supernatural control.
Example:
Bi-ag ni Lam-Ang-Ilocos
Ybalon-Bicol
Hudhud at Alim- Igorot
Bidasari-Mindanao
Beowolf-England
Iliad and Odyssey-Greece
b.Tales-stories about supernatural being.
c.Ballads-short poems,adapted for singing ,simple in plot and matrical structure.

2.Lyric-type of poetry that expresses emotions and feeling of the poet.

-usually short ,simple and easy ti understand.
a.Folksongs(awiting bayan)-short poems intended to be sung, common themes are
love ,despair,grief,doubt,joy,hope,sorrow.
Example:Chit-Chirit-Chit
 b.Sonnet-14 line poem with emotions ,feeling or ideas.
Example:Sonnets of Shakespeare
c.Elegy-poem for the dead.
Example:
Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan Poe
Elegy written in Country Churchyard by Thomas Gray
d.Ode-poem of a noble feeling, expressed with dignity on a certain thing/object.
Example:
Ode to the West Wind
Percy Bysshe Shelley
e.Psalm-sond praising God and containing a philosophy of life.
Example:Psalm of David
f.Awit-Florante at Laura-sung-12 syllable per line-realistic.
g.Corrido-Ibong Adarna-recited-8 syllables-element of fantasy.
3.Dramatic Comedy
a.Tragedy-involves the hero who struggles mighty against dynamic forces until he
meets dead.
Example:Hamlet
b.Comedy-greek word "comos"meaning festivity or revelry.
-purpose-amusement/happy ending.
c.Melodrama-arouses immediate and intense emotion and is usually sad but there
is a happy ending for the principal character.
d.Force-exaggerated comedy, seeks ti arouse mirth by laughable lines, and its
situations are too ridiculous to be true.
Courtesy by Sir Remil Aguilar
ANSWER KEY
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. A
11. D c
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. C
16. B
17. C
18. C
19. C
20. D
21. A
22. C
23. B
24. C
25. D
26. B
27. C
28. D
29. B
30. C
31. C
32. A
33. C
34. D
35. C
36. B
37. B
38. B
39. C
40. A
41. A
42. C
43. A
44. A
45. C
46. D
47. B
48. B
49. B
50. A
LET MODULE 1
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT
1. According to Erikson, identity and role confusion occurs during
A. Elementary Years C. College years
B. High school years D. Pre school years
2. According to Jerome Bruner, learning is a simultaneous process of acquisition, transformation
and_______________.
A. Evaluation C. Metacognition
B. Question D. Education
3. Who among the following developed the Social Learning Theory?
A. Bandura C. Bruner
B. Kohlberg D. Skinner
4. When a teacher present a morally ambiguous situation to his students and ask them what to do, the teacher‟s
technique is based on the theory of
A. Bandura C. Kohlberg
B. Piaget D. Bruner
5. According to Maslow, the highest of the need in the Hierarchy of Needs theory is
A. Psychological need C. belongingness
B. Self actualization D. Safety
6. Based on Freud‟s theory, which operates when a person is in the height of anger?
A. Ego C. Id and ego
B. Superego D. Id
7. Operant conditioning can be applied to classroom by
A. Connecting facts and concepts
B. Fostering conducive learning environment
C. Using reinforcement
D. Using manipulative devices
8. “Women should not study since they will be marrying soon”. If a father tells his daughter this, can we
consider his premise morally right?
A. Depends on the family social status
B. Yes, women are mean for the home
C. No, women can perform just like men
D. No, there is gender equality in education
9. In Piaget‟s concrete operational stage, teacher Maritel should provide_______________.
A. Activities of hypothesis formulation
B. Learning activities that involve problems of classification and order
C. Activities for evaluation purposes
D. Stimulating environment with ample objects to play with
10. A student is finding it hard to read. When the guidance counselor traced the child‟s history, the counselor
was able to find out that the student came from a dysfunctional family, aside from that, the child was abused
and neglected. What could have caused the student‟s reading disability?
A. Emotional Factors C. Neurological factors
B. Poor teaching D. Immaturity
11. A child was punished for cheating in an exam. For sure the child wont cheat again in short span of time, but
this does not guarantee that the child won‟t cheat ever again Based on Thorndike‟s theory on punishment and
learning, this shows that ______________.
A. Punishment strengthens a response
B. Punishment removes response
C. Punishment doesn‟t remove a response
D. Punishment weakens a response
12. Laughing at a two-year-old child who uttered a bad word is not a proper thing to do because in this stage of
the child‟s, the child is_______________.
A. Considering the views of others
B. Distinguishing sex references
C. Socializing
D. Distinguishing right from wrong
13. According to Sigmund Freud, the main proponent of Psychoanalytic Theory, the superego is mainly
concerned with
A. The resolution of conflict within the self
B. The finding of greater satisfaction
C. The idea of right and wrong
D. The development of healthy psyche
14. Modeling is a teaching rooted on______________________ learning theory.
A. Bandura C. Thorndike
B. Skinner D. Bruner
15. Teacher Marissa would like to employ Operant Conditioning on her students to increase the probabilities of
greater participation during discussion. It is highly possible that teacher Marissa will
A. Put more emphasis on sharing and consistently guide them to new ideas
B. Allow them to think about thinking
C. Give a star token to those who will participate
D. Let them exercise metacognitive approaches to better understand the topic
16. One of the traits of many students is putting more emphasis on “porma” over substance. This is likely to be
shown when
A. A written report was submitted by a student with shabby cover but comprehensive content
B. A written report was submitted by a student using “perfumed” stationary but poor content
C. A written report was submitted by a student two days ahead of time
D. A written report was submitted by a student two days late
17. Providing variety of learning activities to students is a characteristic of a teacher who understand the
principle of
A. Reward as a potential means of increasing the participation
B. Proactive teaching as a modern technique of teaching
C. Facilitating learning with emphasis on individual differences
D. Allowing the student to be exposed to various teaching techniques
18. The best example of Operant Conditioning among the following is
A. Connecting facts and concepts
B. Fostering conducive learning environment
C. Using reinforcement
D. Using manipulative devices
19. A child receives a STAR STAMP after correctly completing his task. The child always tries to complete all
tasks correctly for him to have a stamp once again. What is being shown in the situation?
A. Associative learning C. Operant Conditioning
B. Classical conditioning D. Pavlovian conditioning
20. A child submitted a poor written report but packaged with brightly colored paper cover. This
showcases__________________.
A. Art over academics C. art over science
B. Substance over “porma” D. “porma” over substance
21. He is considered as the first special education student.
A. Victor of Aveyron C.Sigmund Freud
B. Tarzan of the Jungle D. Alfred Binet
22. The Father of modern psychology
A. Carl Jung C. Sigmund Freud
B. Aristotle D. Alfred Binet
23. He is postulated that man psyche is composed of animus and the anima
A. Karen Horney C. Willism James
B. Carl Jung D. Cattell
24. He pioneered in NON-Directive Counseling?
A. Thomas Gordon C. Carl Rogers
B. Erik Erikson D. Rousseau
25. This educator proposed 3 modes of representation, enactive, iconic and symbolic
A. Bandura C. Kounin
B. Kohler D. Bruner
26. This premier behaviorist once said: Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed and my own specified
world to bring them up in and I‟ll guarantee to take any one of random and train him to become any type of
specialist I might select – doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes even beggar-man and chief, regardless
of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vacations, and race of his ancestors”
A. Bandura C. Rogers
B. Watson D. Erikson
27. His best contribution to the world of education is the 3 laws (law of effect, law or readiness and law of
exercise)
A. Rousseau C. Thorndike
B. Pavlov D. Bandura
28. The teachers‟ widely accepted view of giving rewards to students is the legacy of
A. Dewey C. kounin
B. Bruner D. Skinner
29. He believes that learning is based on Adhesive principle
A. Dewey C. Kounin
B. Bruner D. Koffka
30. One of main proponent of Gestalt and who believes that the whole is more than the sum of all its parts
A. Bruner C. Wertheimer
B. Thorndike D. Lewin
31. “the child learns from what he sees in the environment” is the main thesis of this famous educational
psychologist
A. Skinner C. Bandura
B. Locke D. Koffka
32. According to this theorist, our behavior at a particular time is a product of the interaction of two factors,
internal and external forces
A. Lewin C. Locke
B. Wertheimer D. Jung
33. According to this developmental psychologist, children‟s thinking skills move from simplicity to
complexity
A. Bandura C. Piaget
B. Thorndike D. Freud
34. The inventor of the first usable intelligence test
A. Freud C. Skinner
B. Piaget D. Binet
35. This particular theorist believes that the mind is blank at birth
A. Allport C. Loche
B. Skinner D. Binet
36. He is generally considered as the father of modern education
A. Collin C. Aristotle
B. Comenius D. hagel
37. Kindergarten movement is the legacy of this man who is considered the father of kindergarten
A. Pestalozzi C. Montessori
B. Froebel D. Collins
38. He once said: “education is not a preparation for life…it is life”
A. Montessori C. Havighurst
B. Dewey D. Skinner
39. He proposed that every child is born with a unique potential, his individuality, but that potential remained
unfulfilled until it was analyzed and transformed by education
A. Lewin C. Herbart
B. Kohler D. Havighurst
40. He pioneered in coming up with a list of development task as individuals pass through the developmental
stages
A. Havigburst C. Anastasi
B. Hurlock D. Herbart
41. This educator is famous for applying classical education to impoverished children of Chicago Illinois.
A. Collins C. Froebel
B. Montessori D. Piaget
42. This educator opposes the traditional notion that students are empty vessels. He call this traditional
technique as banking system
A. Herbart C. Freire
B. Locke D. Rousseau
43. He pioneered in the study of language acquisition of children
A. Rousseau C. Chomsky
B. Freire D. Rubenstein
44. He introduced the notion of zone of proximal development and “scaffolding”
A. Vygotsky C. Chomsky
B. Tyler D. Rubenstein
45. This condition is also known as trisomy 21
A. Turner Syndrome C. Down Syndrome
B. Patau Syndrome D. Autism
46. This condition is characterized by poor spelling and pervasive difficulty in reading
A. Mental retardation C. Savant
B. autism D. dyslexia
47. Certain injury to the language area of the brain can cause the total loss of the ability to produce and/ or
understand language, this condition is known as
A. Mutism C. aspergers
B. Aphasia D. dyslexia
48. ___________is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and
communicatio9n and by restricted and repetitive behavior.
A. Mental retardation C. ADHD
B. Autism D. Physical Disabilities
49. __________ refers to quantitative changes in an individual as he progresses in chronological age.
A. Development C. Cephalocaudal
B. Growth D. Proximodistal
50. __________ refers to progressive series of changes of an orderly coherent type leading to the individual‟s
maturation.
A. Development C. Cephalocaudal
B. Growth D. Proximodistal
Prof ed...80% lalabas sa exam
1.what is known as learning a new word by studying its roots and affixes?
Ans:MORPHOLOGY
2.According to Nagel's Acronym PPPF, what is important to follow Up in the proper use of Instructional
materials?
Ans:LESSON OBJECTIVE
3.in Grace Goddell's Reading Skill ladder, which step should come last, and only when needed?
Ans:USING THE DICTIONARY
4.what is aroused among viewing learners by dramatic educational films in what is known as "cliff hangers"
Ans:EXPECTANCY
5.in the 5'S Formula to create a conducive learning environment , which S stands for Cleanliness of work place?
Ans:SHINE OR SHINING
6.In a problem-based learning Group, who take notes, join discussion and review materials?
Ans:TEAM MEMBERS
7.what correlation is determined when there are three raters of an essay test?
Ans: INTER-RATER
8.which of the following are alternatives assessments?
Ans:PORTFOLIO,EXHIBITS,JOURNAL
9.what is the active learning strategy useful in sharing ideas about controversial topics(divorce,abortion,etc.)
Ans:FISHBOWL
10.what kind of plan ca be developed by keeping track of assessment results from one periodic rating to the
next?
Ans:SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT PLAN
List of Figure of Speech and Examples
1 Alliteration
This is a very common figure of speech that involves using words that begin with the same sound.
For instance, “Sally sells sea shells by the seashore” is alliteration – and try saying it fast to see how difficult it
is! It is often used in advertising slogans to create something catchy that more people will remember.

2 Anaphora
This figure of speech uses a specific clause at the beginning of each sentence or point to make a statement.
For instance: “Good night and good luck” is an example of the beginning word being the same. The more it is
used, the more of an emotional effect is can evoke among those who are listening. Another example is "Mad
world! Mad kings! Mad composition!" from King John, II, I by William Shakespeare.

3 Assonance
Remember the phrase “I Like Ike”? It was a very common phase for those who supported Dwight Eisenhower
during his presidential run. This is a figure of speech that focuses on the vowel sounds in a phrase, repeating
them over and over to great effect.

4 Hyperbole
“It was as big as a mountain! It was faster than a cheetah! It was dumber than a rock!” This figure of speech
makes things seem much bigger than they really were by using grandiose depictions of everyday things.
Hyperbole is often seen as an exaggeration that adds a bit of humor to a story.

5 Irony
This figure of speech tries to use a word in a literal sense that debunks what has just been said. “Gentlemen, you
can‟t fight in here! This is the War Room!” from Dr. Strangelove is a great example. It is often used to poke fun
at a situation that everyone else sees as a very serious matter.
6 Metaphor
The use of metaphor compares two things that are not alike and finds something about them to make them alike.
“My heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill” from a book by William Sharp is a good example of
metaphor. Some writers try to use this style to create something profound out of comparing two things that
appear to have nothing at all in common.
7 Simile
In this figure of speech, two things are compared that are not really the same, but are used to make a point about
each other.
“Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you‟re going to get” is a famous line from the movie
Forrest Gump that illustrates the simile. This is often used to make an emotional point about something. The
difference between simile and metaphor is that you can obviously see words "like" in the sentence.
8 Metonymy
In this figure of speech, one word that has a very similar meaning can be used for another. Using the word
“crown” for “royalty” or “lab coats” for “scientists” are two examples. In some ways it can be seen as a
nickname for something else; for instance, “The White House said” doesn‟t actually mean the White House said
it (a house can‟t speak!) but that the President said it. However, we all understand the meaning, and so the
words are interchangeable.
9 Onomatopoeia
This is the use of a word that actually sounds like what it means. Good examples include “hiss” or “ding-dong”
or “fizz.” These words are meant to describe something that actually sounds very much like the word itself. This
is a trick often used in advertising to help convey what something is really like.
10 Paradox
This figure of speech completely contradicts itself in the same sentence. Famous quotes that illustrate this from
George Orwell‟s “1984” include: “War is peace. Ignorance is strength. Freedom is slavery.” Though we know
these things aren‟t true, they present an interesting paradox that makes a person think seriously about what they
have just read or heard.
11 Personification
This is a way of giving an inanimate object the qualities of a living thing. “The tree quaked with fear as the
wind approached” is an example; “The sun smiled down on her” is another. This can sometimes be used to
invoke an emotional response to something by making it more personable, friendly and relatable.
12 Pun
This play on words uses different senses of the word, or different sounds that make up the word, to create
something fun and interesting. For instance: “I would like to go to Holland some day. Wooden shoe?” is a pun
that actually means “wouldn‟t you?” Sometimes puns are so subtle that they can be tough to pick up unless you
are really listening for them.

13 Synecdoche
This is a figure of speech in which one thing is meant to represent the whole. A few good examples include
“ABCs” for alphabet, “new set of wheels” for car, or “9/11” to demonstrate the whole of the tragedy that
happened in the United States on September 11, 2001. This is often used in journalism as a type of shorthand.
14 Understatement
This is a situation in which the thing discussed is made to seem much less important than it really is. This
famous line from Catcher in the Rye is a good example: “I have to have this operation. It isn‟t very serious. I
have this tiny tumor on the brain.” Understatement can often be used to comedic effect.

15 Antithesis
This is a contradiction that pits two ideas against each other in a balanced way. “You‟re easy on the eyes, hard
on the heart” is a line from a country song that illustrates this perfectly. This is often used to indicate just how
something can be more than one thing at the same time.

16 Euphemism
Words that are used to soften the message are often considered euphemisms. “Passed away” is often used in
place of “died” or “killed.” A “misunderstanding” might be used in place of “fight” or “argument.” And who
could forget “wardrobe malfunction,” which is a fancy way of saying “your clothes fell off.”
17 Oxymoron
This puts two words together that seem to contradict each other. “Military intelligence,” “real phony,” “civil
war,” and “silent yell” are all examples of an oxymoron. Many people use these to promote the humor in a
situation.

History
Date and its special events
January
• January 1, 1571 – LaVilla de San Miguel renamed Ciudad del Santissimo, Nobre de Jesus “Sto Nino”
• January 12, 1889 – La Association Hispano founded by Miguel Morayta to introduce changes in the
Philippines and have a Filipino representative in the Spanish Cortes
• January 20, 1872 – Meeting in Cavite led by Sargent Lamadrid and killed their Spanish officers
• January 23, 1899 – Inauguration of the first republic (Mololos) Aguinaldo as president
February
• February 2, 1543 – Villalobos named Samar and Layte “Pilipinas”
• February 13, 1565 – Miguel Lopes de Villalobos reached Cebu
• February 14, 1899 – Outbreak of Filipino – American War (Sta. Mesa Manila)
• February 15, 1898 – Spanish blew up the amiracan warship in Havana Cuba
• February 15, 1889 – The newspaper La Soliraridad founded by Graciano Lopes Jaena
• February 17, 1872 – Execution of GOMBURZA
• February 18, 1891 – Rizal second novel El Filibusterismo was publish and finance by Valentin Ventura
March
• March 16, 1521 – Magellan sighted the island of samar
• March 16, 1565 – Blood compact Legaspi and Rajah Sikatuna of Bohol
• March 17, 1521 – Magellan landed Homnhon “Archipelago of St. Lazarus”
• March 22, 1897 – Tejeros Convention resolved the conflict between Magdalo and Magdiwang
• March 23, 1935 – ConCon was headed by C.M. Recto
• March 23, 1901 – Gen. Aguinaldo captured at Palanan
• March 24, 1934 – Creation of Commonwealth Government as provided by Tyding-McDuffie Law and
approved by US President F. Roosevelt
• March 14, 1947 – Formal agreement between US and Philippine (22 sites as military bases for 99yrs in return
AFP accepted US $100 M worth of military equipment)
• March 17, 1957 – Pres. Magsaysay died in a plane crash in Mt. Manunggal Cebu
• March 17, 1957 – Garcia become the president of the Philippines
• March 29, 1512 – Blood compact Magellan and Rajah Kulambo of Limasawa
• March 29, 1942 – Creation of HUKBALAHAP (Luis Taruc)
• March 31, 1899 – Transfer of capital republic from Malolos to San Fernando Pampanga
• March 31, 1521 – First mass officiated b y Father Pedro de Valderrama
April
• April 4, 1947 – Pres. Roxas died of cardiac arrest at Clark air base
• April 4, 1947 – Elpidio Quirino become the president
• April 9, 1942 – Fall of Bataan, Death March from Bataan to San Fernando Pampanga
• April 13-14, 1671 – defeat of the 6 Dutch led by Juan Ronquillo in battle of Playa Honda, Zam
• April 25, 1898 – US declare war against Spain
• April 27, 1521 – Magellan killed in the battle of Mactan
• April 27, 1565 – First Spanish settlement establish by Legaspi name La Villa de San Miguel
• April 30, 1846 – Approved of Philippine Rehabilitation Act by the US.
May
• May 1, 1898 – US naval under George Dewey defeat the Spain armada led by Patrico Montojo in famous
battle of Manila Bay
• May 6, 1942 – Fall of Corregidor Island (Gen. Jonathan Wainwright) – (Gem. Homma of Japan)
• May 10, 1897 – Execution of Bonifacio brathers
• May 12, 1935 – SAKDALISTA Party by Benigno Ramos against the Commonwealth Government
• May 12, 1962 – Macapagal change the date of Independence day from July 4, 1946 to June 12, 1898
• May 16, 1584 – Royal Audiencia referred to as the Supreme Court during Spanish
• May 17, 1764 – Britain surrendered the Philippines to Spanish
• May 28, 1898 – Gen. Aguinaldo waved the Philippine flag for the first time to celebrate its victory
• May 31, 1764 – Truce was signed between France and England
June
• June 3, 1571 – Manila conquered by Martin de Goiti
• June 5, 1899 – Assassination of Antonio Luna at Cabanatuan
• July 7, 1987 – Biak-na-Bato revolutionary government was established
• June 12, 1898 – Proclamation of Philippines Independence by Gen. Aguinaldo
• June 18, 1908 – UP was established (Murray Barlett as first President) and (Ignacio Villamor as first Filipino
President)
• June 19, 1861 – birth of rizal
• June 24, 1571 – Manila was named “Distinguished and Ever Loyal City” by Legaspi and First Governor-
General of the Philippines
•
July
• July 3, 1892 – La Liga Filipina founded by Dr. Rizal
• July 4, 1946 – Inauguration of 3rd Republic and the signing of the Treaty of General legalized the retention of
US bases in the Philippines
• July 7, 1892 – Rizal exiled in Dapitan for 4yrs
• July 7, 1892 – KKK organized by Andres Bonifacion in Azcarraga st. (C.M. Recto)
August
• August 6, 1945 – First Atomic bomb dropped in Hiroshima Japan
• August 8, 1963 – Macapagal approved the Agriculture Land Reform to abolish tenancy
• August 9, 1945 – Second Atomic bomb dropped in Nagasaki Japan
• August 13, 1898 – Mock battle of manila bay between Spain and America
• August 14, 1898 – Military government under General Wesley Merit
• August 19, 1896 – Katipunan was discovered by Fr. Mariano Gil trough Teodoro Patino
• August 23, 1896 – Philippine Revolution “Cry of Balintawak”
• August 25, 1896 - Battle of Pasong Tamo
• August 26, 1930 – Founding of the Communist Party of the Philippines CPP by Crisostomo Evangelista
• August 29, 1916 - Creation of bicameral legislature as granted by the jones law
• August 30, 1896 – Battle of Pinaglabanan
• August 31, 1896 – Gen. Aguinaldo led the uprising in Kawit Cavite
September
• September 2, 1945 – Japanese imperial surrendered and ended the war in asia pacific
• September 5, 1955 – The Laure-Langley Agreement was replacing the Bell Trade Act
• September 6, 1834 – manila was opened to world trade led to an era of commercial revolution I the
Philippines
• September 8-10, 1954 – SEATO (Southeast Asian Treaty Organization)
• September 12, 1896 – 13 men from Cavite know as “Los Tresce Martirez” was executed
• September 28, 1901 – Gen. Antonio Lucban attacked the American Garrison in Balangiga, Samar
October
• October 3, 1646 – defeat of Dutch in battle of manila
• October 5, 1762 – manila was conquered by British forces under Gen. William Draper and Admiral Samuel
Cornish
• October 6, 1913 – Francis Burton Harrison first American Governor General of the Philippines
• October 13, 1913 – Signing of underwood-simons tariff law (open trade Phil. and American)
• October 14, 1943 – Inauguration of Japanese puppet republic Jose P. Laurel as President
• October 16, 1907 – First Philippine Assembly (M. Quezon as M.Floor Leader) and (S. Osmena as Speaker)
• October 20, 1943 – McArthur landed the Red Beach, Polo Layte (Osmena as President with C. Romulo)
• October 24 – 26, 1944 – Battle of Leyte Gulf
• October 31, 1829 – Dagohoy Longest Revolt in the Philippines lasted 85yrs
November
• November 4, 1841 – Apolinario Dela Cruz “Hermano Pule” was executed by Spanish
• November 10, 1953 – Magsaysay and Garcia were elected as Pres and Vice Pres
• November 11, 1957 – Macapagal (Poor boy from Lubao) elected as President of the Philippine
• November 15, 1935 – Inauguration of Commonwealth government with Quezon as president and Osmena as
vice president
• November 30, 1574 – De Goiti was killed by Limahong
December
• December 2, 1899 – Gen. Gregorio del Pilar was killed by the Americans
• December 7, 1933 – Right of Suffrage was granted to Filipino by Gov. Frank Murphy
• December 8, 1941 – Bombing of Pearl Harbor
• December 10, 1898 – Treaty of Paris was signed between Spain and America
• December 15, 1897 – treaty Biak-na-Bato was signed by Pedro Paterno and Gov. Primo de Rivera
• December 21, 1898 – The Philippines was considered American benevolent assimilation
• December 26, 1941 – Declaration of manila as open city by Gen. McArthur
• December 30, 1896 – Execution of Rizal at Luneta de Bagumbayan
FINAL COACHING GOOD LUCK!!!
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
1. Which is a teaching approach for kindergarten that makes real world experiences of the child the focal point
of educational stimulation?
a. Montessori approach•••••
b. traditional approach
c. Eclectic approach
d. Situational approach
2. The use of mnemonics helps a pupils ___________ information.
a. analyze
b. understand
c. apply
d. remember•••••
3. Which program was adopted to provide universal access to basic education to eradicate illiteracy?
a. “Paaralan sa Bawat Barangay”
b. Education for All•••••
c. Values Education Framework
d. Science and Education Development Plan
4. Teacher Z instructs her class to refer to the dictionary in correcting their spelled words.
Which particle is exemplified?
a. Curriculum indigenization
b. Computer assisted instruction
c. Multi level instruction
d. Self evaluation•••••
5. In research, which is the dependent variable?
a. Stimulus
b. Input•••••
c. Attribute
d. Predictor
6. What is the mean of this score distribution: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10?
a. 8.5
b. 6
c. 7.5
d. 7•••••
7. Which statement correctly applies to student who got a score of 72 in the test?
a. He surpassed the scores of 72 students
b. He correctly answered 72% of the items in the test
c. He obtained a raw score of 72•••••
d. He answered only items in the test
8. Which measure (s) of central tendency can be determined by mere inspection?
a. Median
b. Mode
c. Mean
d. Mode & Median•••••
9. Teacher C adds the number of cases and 1 over 2 to obtain
a. mode
b. median•••••
c. median and mode
d. mean
10. It is not wise to laugh at a two year old child when he utters bad words because in his stage he is learning to:
a. Consider other‟s views
b. Distinguish right and wrong•••••
c. Socialize
d. Distinguish sex differences
11. Mothers who demand their 3 to 5 children to spend their time in serious academic study forget that early
childhood is the
a. questioning age
b. pre school age
c. initiative age
d. toy age•••••
12. Which refers to a single word or phrase that tells the computer to do something with a
program or file?
a. Computer program
b. Command•••••
c. Password
d. Computer language
13. To determine student‟s entry knowledge and skills that test should be given?
a. Aptitude
b. Standardized
c. Diagnostic•••••
d. Placement
14. What is the mode in the following score distribution: 96, 97, 98, 97, 93, 90, 89, 97,
81, and 80?
a. 96
b. 98
c. 97•••••
d. 33
15. If a teacher is concerned with the development of student‟s higher order thinking skills, his lesson objectives
must go beyond.
a. Analysis•••••
b. Recall
c. Comprehension
d. application
16. Which statement on counseling is FALSE?
a. The ultimate goal of counseling is greater happiness on the part of the counselee.•••••
b. For counseling to be successful, the counselee is willing to participate in the process.
c. The school counselor is primarily responsible for counseling
d. Counseling is the program that includes guidance.
17. A test item has a difficulty index of .81 and discrimination index of .13. What should the test constructor
do?
a. Retain the item
b. Make it a bonus ite
c. Revise the item
d. Reject the item•••••
18. Which is the final, indispensable component of a lesson plan?
a. Assignment•••••
b. References
c. Activity
d. Evaluation
19. For mastery of learning in a certain subject, which type of testing is appropriate?
a. Formative testing•••••
b. Criterion reference testing
c. Aptitude testing
d. Norm reference testing
20. Which is NOT included in item analysis?
a. Determining the percentage equivalent of the cut off score
b. Identifying the highest score
c. Determining the cut off score
d. Determine the effectiveness of distracters•••••
21. The first thing to do in constructing a periodic test is for a teacher to.
a. decide on the type of test to conduct
b. go back to her instructional objective•••••
c. decide on the number of items for the test
d. study the content
22. The strengthening of liberal education which includes classical literature in the curriculum is based on the
thought of the
a. rationalists
b. hedonists
c. humanists•••••
d. stoics
23. Which statement of human right is CORRECT?
a. Human rights are unlimited.
b. Human right is a moral power not a physical power.
c. All human rights are inalienable.•••••
d. Human right is might.
24. Which is an example of an alienable right?
a. Right to possess a house through inheritance
b. right to life
c. Right to alms•••••
d. Right to marry
25. It is an area of philosophy which deals on the nature of knowledge and the best methods of teaching is
a. Epistemology•••••
b. Metaphysics
c. Ethics
d. Aesthetics
26. To occupy a government position, one has to pass an examination on Confucian thought. From whom did
this influence come?
a. Hebrews
b. Chinese•••••
c. Hindus
d. Greeks
27. Who was a strong supporter of inclusive education and “education for all” concept?
a. Dewey•••••
b. Hegel
c. Rousseau
d. Kung fu tsu
28. A son put a time bomb in the luggage of his mother who took it abroad a Philippine airline. The bomb
exploded while the airplane was in flight killing the mother and forty other passengers. Although the motive of
the criminal act was never revealed by the son, he aroused suspicion, when he named himself beneficiary to an
insurance policy he had previously taken out on his mother‟s life. Was the son accountable for the death of his
mother and the other passengers?
a. Yes. He may have been directly interested only in the insurance money but directly as foreseen consequence,
he willed the death for all passengers.•••••
b. No. He did not directly the death of his mother and the other passengers.
c. No, if he refused to get the insurance money after the incident.
d. Yes, if he got the insurance money after the death.
29. Which software allows teachers and students to write, edit, and polish assignments and reports?
a. Spreadsheets
b. Word processing•••••
c. Database
d. Graphics
30. To have a test with a wide coverage, power to test analytical thinking and ease of scoring. Which type
should teachers use?
a. Completion
b. Short answer
c. Alternate response
d. Multiple choice•••••
31. What does a conservative Filipino student experience when she migrates to the United States and witness
for herself public display of affection?
a. Acculturation
b. Culture shock•••••
c. Colonial mentality
d. Enculturation
32. In what way can teachers uphold the highest possible standards of quality education?
a. By working out undeserved promotions.
b. By putting down other professions to lift the status of teaching
c. Wearing expensive clothes to change people‟s poor perception of teachers
d. By continually improving themselves personally and professionally•••••
33. Which learning activity is most appropriate if teacher‟s focus is attitudinal change?
a. Field trip
b. Role play•••••
c. Game
d. Exhibit
34. Which questioning practice promotes more class interaction?
a. Asking rhetorical questions.
b. Focusing on convergent actions.
c. Focusing in divergent questions.•••••
d. Calling a student to answer before asking the question
35. Which holds true to norm reference testing?
a. comparing individual‟s performance to the average performance of a group•••••
b. Determining tasks that reflect instructional objectives
c. Constructing test items in term of instructional objective
d. Identifying an acceptable level of mastery in advance
36. The mode of a score distribution is 25. This means that
a. twenty five is the average of the score distribution.
b. twenty five is the score that occurs least.
c. twenty five (25) is the score that occurs most•••••
d. there is no score of 25.
37. If a teacher gets the difference between the highest and lowest score, he obtains the
________
a. range•••••
b. standard deviation
c. level of difficulty
d. median
38. Which one described the percentile rank of a given score?
a. The percent of cases of a distribution within the given score
b. The percent of cases of a distribution above the given score
c. The percent of cases of a distribution below and above a given score
d. The percent of cases of a distribution below the given score•••••
39. To the rationalist, which is the highest faculty of a man?
a. Senses
b. Reason•••••
c. Emotion
d. Will
40. The index of difficulty of a particular test is .10. What does this mean? My student‟s
___________.
a. found the test item was neither easy nor difficult
b. performed very well against expectation
c. were hard up in that item•••••
d. gained mastery over that item
41. Jose reads WAS for SAW or D for P or B. from his reading behavior, one can say that
Jose suffers from ___________.
a. dysgraphia
b. dyslexia•••••
c. dysphasia
d. dyspraxia
42. If you want a child to eliminate an undesirable behavior, punish him. This in accordance with Thorndike‟s
law of ____________.
a. multiple response
b. reinforcement•••••
c. exercise
d. effect
43. In which cognitive development stage is a child unable to distinguish between his own perspective and
someone else‟s?
a. Pre operational stage•••••
b. Concrete operational stage
c. Sensorimotor stage
d. Formal operational
44. Which developmental stage is sometimes called the pre school years?
a. Middle childhood
b. Adolescence
c. Early childhood•••••
d. Late Infancy
45. According to Piaget‟s theory, in which developmental stage can the child do symbolic thinking and go
beyond the connection of sensory information and physical action?
a. Pre operational•••••
b. Concrete operational
c. Formal operational
d. Sensorimotor
46. In which competency do the students find greatest difficulty? In the item with the difficulty index of
__________.
a. 0.10•••••
b. 0.90
c. 1.00
d. 0.50
47. What psychological principle is invoked when a teacher connects the new lesson to the one just completed
so that the student may gain a holistic view of the subject?
a. Conceptualization
b. Recognition
c. Stimulation
d. Apperception•••••
48. Which teaching method is intended primarily for skill and concept mastery by way of practice?
a. Project
b. Supervised study
c. Drill•••••
d. Review
49. What is the possible effect of an overcrowded curriculum?
a. In depth learning tends to be given greater emphasis
b. Lifelong learning skills tend to be fully developed
c. There is lack of personal analysis and reflection on major concepts•••••
d. There is greater concept of understanding
50. Teacher D begins her lesson with concrete life experiences then leads her students to abstraction. Which
method does she employ?
a. Inductive•••••
b. Deductive
c. Transductive
GENERAL EDUCATION 51items
Yung may ❤ yan po yung correct answers.
1. He established the tobacco monopoly during the Spanish era.
a. Jose Basco ❤
b. Rafael Izquierdo
c. Basilio Agustin
d. Francisco Rizzo
2. Technology ______ dramatically in the twenty-first century.
a. Was improved
b. Has improved ❤
c. Is improved
d. Did improve
3. A bread – and butter sandwich ________ my favorite morning snack.
a. Is ❤
b. Has been
c. Are
d. Have been
4. This is a segmented worm that can be used to facilitate anticoagulation.
a. Leeches ❤
b. Maggots
c. Earthworms
d. Bloodworms
5. The ______ of the story is that friendship is sacred.
a. Morale
b. Message
c. Moral ❤
d. lesson
6. What are the prime factors of 273?
a. 3x3x7x7
b. 2x3x13
c. 3x7x13 ❤
d. 3x3x6x9
7. This is the surface of the earth between the Tropic Cancer and Arctic Circle.
a. Plane
b. Circle
c. Zone ❤
d. Cone
8. Political idealists advocate ideals in politics such as justice, and fairness. Political realist have a more realist
viewpoint of politics, aptly stated by “Might is right”. Who among the following is more of a political realist
rather than political idealist?
a. Julius Caesar ❤
b. Mohatma Ghandi
c. Martin Luther King
d. Benigno Jr. Aquino
9. Even when her friends betray her, Becky bears no rancor in her heart because she is not _____.
a. Insulted
b. Embarrassed
c. Consoled
d. Bitter ❤
10. If I _____ known you before, we could have become partners for a project.
a. Will
b. Could
c. Had ❤
d. Have
11. These are the thin structures of cytokinesis amoeboid movement changes in the cell shape.
a. Pseudofilaments ❤
b. Myosinfilamints
c. Microfilamints
d. Nanofilamints
12. All important factors must be considered to arrive at a sound ________.
a. Query
b. Change
c. Problem
d. Decision ❤
13. The cause of power outage was a ______connection.
a. Lose
b. Loose
c. Lost ❤
d. Losing
14. Virtual face-to-face communication is made possible by this software.
a. Google
b. Skype ❤
c. Twitter
d. Facebook
15. “My head is bloody, but unbowed”
a. Metaphor
b. Simile
c. Alliteration
d. Hyperbole ❤
16. The shakesperean classic saw the predicament of two lovers from warring families.
a. Hamlet and Ophelia
b. Anthony and Cleopatra
c. Ana and the King
d. Romeo and Juliet ❤
17. If the opposite sides of a quadrilateral are equal, the figure is a _______.
a. Shambers
b. Rectangle
c. Square
d. Parallelogram ❤
18. The proposed equipment ______within the budget of the school.
a. Are
b. Is ❤
c. Is appearing
d. Are appearing
19. The Philippine Legislature has two houses: senate and House of Representatives. What term best describes
this setup?
a. Bicameralism heart emoticon
b. Bipartisanship
c. Unicameralism
d. Co-legislative power
20. How do you call the tax imposed on all employed and practicing professionals?
a. Income Tax ❤
b. Real estate tax
c. Community Tax
d. Inheritance Tax
21. This field with the study of how human beings behave.
a. Philosophy
b. Morality
c. Psychology ❤
d. Ethics
22. Which of the following is considered the lowest form of learning?
a. Perceiving
b. Responding
c. Conditioning
d. Teaching ❤
23. Reason must be used in understanding the existence of God. Who advocated this philosophy?
a. St. Benedict
b. St. Peter
c. St. John
d. St. Thomas Aquinas ❤
24. If the principles and theories of human behavior were to be applied to teaching and learning. The field will
be called ______.
a. Educational Theory
b. Educational Philosophy
c. Educational Psychology ❤
d. Educational Sociology
25. In July 1901, Isabelo delos Reyes founded the first labor union in the country. What was its name?
a. Association of the Philippine Labor
b. Union Obrera Democratica ❤
c. Union Trabajadores de Filipinos
d. Association De Compania Tabacaler
26. The Philippine lies in the _____, an area where volcanoes are active.
a. Archipelagic fault line
b. Ring of fire ❤
c. Wheel of fire
d. Volcanic Rim
27. During the June 12, 1898 Declaration of Independence, a band played the Marcha Nacional Filipino What
band was this?
a. Pangkatkawayang ng Pateros
b. Kawit Cavite Band
c. Malabon Band
d. San Francisco de Malabon ❤
28. This is modern technology‟s response to message previously sent over couriers or post offices
a. E-shopping
b. E-Registry
c. E-Mail ❤
d. Frailocracia
29. Among the not-easily-observable skills are cognitive abilities. This is because they are _______.
a. Overt
b. Psychological
c. Hidden ❤
d. Mental
30. Among all the religious missionaries, who arrived first?
a. Dominicans
b. Franciscans
c. Jesuits
d. Augustinians ❤
31. What is the LCM of 5,2, and 7?
a. 35
b. 140
c. 15
d. 70 ❤
32. “My concept of inner peace came from my mother‟s daily activities which I now recall with fondness and
awe. She was a full-time housewife wholly dependent on my father‟s monthly salary. How she made both ends
meet, guided us in our studies and did small acts of charity on the side was beyond me.” Based on the recount,
the mother‟s financial resource were ______
a. More than enough
b. Abundant
c. Enough
d. Limited ❤
33. “I am a retired public school teacher. As a teacher, I was branded as a terror in school. The pupils dreaded
the day they would enter my class. Little did they know that behind my unpopular façade was a heart full of
compassion. But how did I learn this moniker? I did not tolerate dirty pupils in my class. I wanted them to know
that cleanliness of body was good of their health. I inspected their teeth, nails, footwear, handkerchiefs, clothes,
ears, noses and hair.”
Based on the recount, the teacher values __________
a. Cleanliness ❤
b. Study
c. Absence
d. Posture
34. The student‟s request to reset the test ______ reasonable.
a. Will
b. Very
c. Are
d. Is ❤
35. This person served as the brains behind the “ arena theater”
a. Carpio
b. Tinio
c. Montano ❤
d. Avellana
36. Ano ang tawag sa tatlong magkaka sunod na tuldok na ginagamit upang ipabatid na may bahaging hindi
sinipi mula sa talata?
a. Ellipsis ❤
b. Abstrak
c. Synopsis
d. Sisntesis
37. Ito ang humahadlang sa maayos na pakikinig.
a. Ingay ❤
b. Okasyon
c. Oras
d. Salita
38. Kung bibilangin ang pantig sa bawat taludtod ng tula, ito ang makukuha.
a. Talinghaga
b. Kariktan
c. Tugma
d. Sukat ❤
39. Ito ay uri ng pangungusap na tumutukoy sa pangyayaring pangkalikasan o pangkapaligiran.
a. Temporal
b. Eksistensyal
c. Penomenal ❤
d. Modal
40. What do you think will mostly happen when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
a. There will be no effect on the plant cell
b. The plant cell will swell ❤
c. The plant cell will shrivel
d. The cell wall of the plant cell will thicken
41. A toothpick can float on the surface of the water because of
a. Surface tension ❤
b. Viscosity
c. Buoyant force
d. Liquid pressure
42. Which of the following organisms is considered heterotophic?
a. Algae
b. Moss
c. Grasshopper ❤
d. Fern
43. Below are different sources of energy. Which do you think is the most DISADVANTAGEOUS because of
its possible threat to human sources of food?
a. Geo-Thermal ❤
b. Sun
c. Wind
d. Fauna
44. “The prodigal son, who is the black sheep of the family, has returned home.” What figure of speech was
used in the given statement?
a. Metaphor ❤
b. Simile
c. Irony
d. Oxymoron
45. Anong dulog pampanitikan ang kilala rin sa tawag bilang reader-response theory?
a. Antropolohiya
b. Impresyonista ❤
c. Patalambuhay
d. Pansikolohiya
46. Ano ang tinataglay ng mga sumusunod na salita: tanaw, aliw, kamay, reyna?
a. Diptonggo ❤
b. Pares minimal
c. Klaster
d. Ponema
47. What do you call the molecule that contains the genetic information of the organism?
a. Nucleic Acid ❤
b. Nucleolus
c. Ribosomes
d. Organelles
48. Which power of the state enables it to impose charge of burden upon persons, property or property rights for
the use and support of the government expenditures for social services and a way of revenue collection?
a. Eminent domain
b. Expropriation
c. Value added tax
d. Taxation ❤
49. What was the first term given by Marcelo H. Del Pilar to the notorious invisible influence and domination
by Spanish religious priests over the colonial government.
a. Lassuertpartidas
b. Pase Region
c. Frailocracia ❤
d. Complace
50. The fundamental right invoked by filing the “writ of amparo” is _____
a. The right to self defense
b. The right to due process
c. The right to life, liberty and security ❤
d. The right to be defended by a public attorney
51. What does a professional code of conduct prescribe?
a. Civic conduct for all
b. Professional traditions and mores
c. Moral and ethical standards ❤
d. Stricter implementation of laws
Professional Education (100items)
1. Teacher B engages her students with information for thorough understanding for meaning and for competent
application. Which principle governs Teacher B‟s practice?
o A. Constructivist
o B. Gestalt
o C. Behaviorist
o D. Cognitivist
2. An effective classroom manager uses low-profile classroom control. Which is a low-profile classroom
technique?
o A. Note to parents
o B. After-school detention
o C. Withdrawal of privileges
o D. Raising the pitch of the voice
3. In Krathwohl‟s affective domain of objectives, which of the following is the lowest level of affective
behavior?
o A. Valuing
o B. Characterization
o C. Responding
o D. Organization
4. We encounter people whose prayer goes like this: “O God, if there is a God; save my soul, if I have a soul”
From whom is this prayer?
o A. Stoic
o B. Empiricist
o C. Agnostic
o D. Skeptic
5. Teacher A is a teacher of English as a Second Language. She uses vocabulary cards, fill-in-the-blank
sentences, dialogues, dictation and writing exercise‟s in teaching a lesson about grocery shopping. Based on this
information, which of the following is a valid conclusion?
o A. The teacher is applying Bloom's hierachy of cognitive learning.
o B. The teacher is teaching in a variety of ways because not all students learn in the same manner.
o C. The teacher wants to make her teaching easier by having less talk.
o D. The teacher is emphasizing reading and writing skills.
6. Which is one characteristic of an effective classroom management?
o A. It quickly and unobtrusively redirects misbehavior once it occurs.
o B. It teaches dependence on others for self-control.
o C. It respects cultural norms of a limited group students.
o D. Strategies are simple enough to be used consistently.
7. After giving an input on a good paragraph, Teacher W asks her students to rate a given paragraph along the
elements of a good paragraph. The students‟ task is in level of __________.
o A. application
o B. analysis
o C. evaluation
o D. synthesis
8. In what way can teachers uphold the highest possible standards of quality education?
o A. By continually improving themselves personally and professionally
o B. By wearing expensive clothes to change people's poor perception of teachers
o C. By working out undeserved promotions
o D. By putting down other professions to lift the status of teaching
9. Are percentile ranks the same as percentage correct?
o A. It cannot be determined unless scores are given.
o B. It cannot be determined unless the number of examinees is given.
o C. No
o D. Yes
10. In a social studies class, Teacher I presents a morally ambiguous situation and asks his students what they
would do. On whose theory is Teacher I‟s technique based?
o A. Kohlberg
o B. Bandura
o C. Piaget
o D. Bruner
11. Student Z does not study at all but when the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) comes, before he
takes the LET, he spends one hour or more praying for a miracle, i.e. to pass the exam. Which attitude towards
religion or God is displayed?
o A. Religion as fake
o B. Religion as magic
o C. Religion as authentic
o D. Religion as real
12. The principle of individual differences requires teachers to __________.
o A. give greater attention to gifted learners
o B. provide for a variety of learning activities
o C. treat all learners alike while in the classroom
o D. prepare modules for slow learners in class
13. Principal B tells her teachers that training in the humanities is most important. To which educational
philosophy does he adhere?
o A. Existentialism
o B. Perennialism
o C. Progressivism
o D. Essentialism
14. Teacher Y does norm-referenced interpretation of scores. Which of the following does she do?
o A. She describes group performance in relation to a level of mastery set.
o B. She uses a specified content as its frame of reference.
o C. She compares every individual students' scores with others' scores.
o D. She describes what should be their performance.
15. The teacher‟s first task in the selection of media in teaching is to determine the ______.
o A. choice of the students
o B. availability of the media
o C. objectives of the lesson
o D. technique to be used
16. What was the most prominent educational issue of the mid 1980s?
o A. Bilingual Education
o B. Values Education
o C. Accountability
o D. Mainstreaming
17. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher‟s teaching is against what
philosophy?
o A. Realism
o B. Hedonism
o C. Epicureanism
o D. Empiricism
18. In the Preamble of the Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers, which is NOT said of teachers?
o A. LET passers
o B. Duly licensed professionals
o C. Possess dignity and reputation
o D. With high-moral values as well as technical and professional competence
19. The following are used in writing performance objectives, EXCEPT
o A. delineate
o B. diagram
o C. integrate
o D. comprehend
20. Teacher T taught a lesson denoting ownership by means of possessives. He first introduced the rule, then
gave examples, followed by class exercises, then back to the rule before he moved into the second rule. Which
presenting technique did he use?
o A. Combinatorial
o B. Comparative
o C. Part-whole
o D. Sequence
21. The test item “Group the following items according to shape” is a thought test item on __________.
o A. creating
o B. classifying
o C. generalizing
o D. comparing
22. During the Spanish period, what was/were the medium/media of instruction in schools?
o A. The Vernacular
o B. English
o C. Spanish
o D. Spanish and the Vernacular
23. To come closer to the truth we need to go back to the things themselves. This is the advice of the
o A. behaviorists
o B. phenomenologists
o C. idealists
o D. pragmatists
24. By what name is Indirect instruction the Socratic method also known?
o A. Mastery learning
o B. Indirect Method
o C. Morrison method
o D. Questioning method
25. I drew learners into several content areas and encouraged them to solve a complex question for inter-
disciplinary teaching. Which strategy did I use?
o A. Problem-centered learning
o B. Unit method
o C. Reading-writing activity
o D. Thematic instruction
26. From whom do we owe the theory of deductive interference as illustrated in syllogisms?
o A. Plato
o B. Socrates
o C. Aristotle
o D. Pythagoras
27. Which of the following propositions is attributed to Plato?
o A. Truth is relative to a particular time and place.
o B. Human beings create their own truths.
o C. Learning is the discovery of truth as Iatent ideas are brought to consciousness.
o D. Sense perception is the most accurate guide to knowledge.
28. Read this question: How will you present the layers of the earth to your class? This is a question that
o A. directs
o B. leads the student to evaluate
o C. assesses cognition
o D. probes creative thinking
29. With indirect instruction in mind, which does NOT belong to the group?
o A. Problem solving
o B. Lecture-recitation
o C. Inductive reasoning
o D. Discovery
30. In a treatment for alcoholism, Ramil was made to drink an alcoholic beverage and then made to ingest a
drug that produces nausea. Eventually, he was nauseated at the sight and smell of alcohol and stopped drinking
alcohol. Which theory explains this?
o A. Operant conditioning
o B. Social Learning Theory
o C. Associative Learning
o D. Attribution Theory
31. In Krathwohl‟s taxonomy of objectives in the affective, which is most authentic?
o A. Characterization
o B. Organization
o C. Responding
o D. Valuing
32. Teacher B is a teacher of English as a Second Language. She uses vocabulary cards, fill-in-the-blank
sentences, dictation and writing exercises in teaching a lesson about grocery shopping. Based on this
information, which of the following is a valid conclusion?
o A. The teacher is reinforcing learning by giving the same information in, a variety of methods.
o B. The teacher is applying Bloom's hierachy of cognitive learning.
o C. The teacher wants to do less talk.
o D. The teacher is emphasizing listening and speaking skills.
33. On whose philosophy was A. S. Neil‟s Summerhill, one of the most experimental schools, based?
o A. Rousseau
o B. Pestalozzi
o C. Montessori
o D. John Locke
34. If you agree with Rizal on how you can contribute to our nation‟s redemption, which should you work for?
o A. Opening our doors to foreign influence
o B. Upgrading the quality of the Filipino through education
o C. Stabilizing the political situation
o D. Gaining economic recovery
35. Study this group of tests which was administered with the following results, then answer the question.
Subject Mean SD Ronnels‟s Score
Math 56 10 43
Physics 41 9 31
English 80 16 109
In which subject(s) were the scores most homogenous?
o A. Math
o B. English
o C. Physics
o D. Physics and Math
36. What measure of central tendency does the number 16 represent in the following data: 14, 15, 17, 16, 19,
20, 16, 14, 16?
o A. Mode
o B. Median
o C. Mode and median
o D. Mean
37. What should a teacher do for students in his class who are not on grade level?
o A. Give them materials on their level and let them work at a pace that is reasonable for them, trying to bring
them up to a grade level.
o B. Give them the same work as the other students, because they will absorb as much as they are capable of
o C. Give them the same work as the other students, not much, so that they won't feel embarrassed.
o D. Give them work on the level of the other students and work a little above the classmate‟s level to challenge
them.
38. Rodel is very aloof and cold in his relationships with his classmates. Which basic goal must haye not been
attained by Rodel during his developmental years, according to Erikson‟s theory on psychological
development?
o A. Autonomy
o B. Trust
o C. Initiative
o D. Generativity
39. Value clarification as a strategy in Values Education classes is anchored on which philosophy?
o A. Existentialism
o B. Christian philosophy
o C. Idealism
o D. Hedonism
40. As a teacher, you are a rationalist. Which among these will be your guiding principle?
o A. I must teach the child that we can never have real knowledge of anything.
o B. I must teach the child to develop his mental powers to the full.
o C. I must teach the child so he is assured of heaven.
o D. I must teach the child every knowledge, skill, and value that he needs for a better future.
41. The best way for a guidance counselor to begin to develop study skills and habits in underachieving student
would be to __________.
o A. have these underachieving students observe the study habits of excelling students
o B. encourage students to talk about study habits from their own experiences
o C. have them view film strips about various study approaches
o D. give out a list of effective study approaches
42. As a teacher, what do you do when you engage yourself in major task analysis?
o A. Test if learning reached higher level thinking skills.
o B. Breakdown a complex task into sub-skills.
o C. Determine the level of thinking involved.
o D. Revise lesson objectives.
43. A guest speaker in one graduation rites told his audience: “Reminder, you are what you choose to be.” The
guest speaker is more of a/an __________.
o A. realistic
o B. pragmatist
o C. idealist
o D. existentialist
44. Which one can enhance the comparability of grades?
o A. Using common conversion table for translating test scores in to ratings
o B. Formulating tests that vary from one teacher to another
o C. Allowing individual teachers to determine factors for rating
o D. Individual teachers giving weights to factors considered for rating
45. “In the light of the facts presented, what is most likely to happen when … ?” is a sample thought question
on
o A. inferring
o B. generalizing
o C. synthesizing
o D. justifying
46. Teacher P wants to develop the skill of synthesizing in her pupils. Which one will she do?
o A. Ask her students to formulate a generalization from the data shown in graphs.
o B. Ask her students to answer questions beginning with What if ...
o C. Tell her pupils to state data presented in graphs.
o D. Directs her students to ask questions on the parts of the lesson not understood.
47. Which guideline in test construction is NOT observed in this test item: Jose Rizal wrote __________.
o A. The central problem should be packed in the stem.
o B. There must be only one correct answer.
o C. Alternatives must have grammatical parallelism.
o D. The alternates must be plausible.
48. Direct instruction is for facts, rules, and actions as indirect instruction is for __________, __________,
__________.
o A. hypotheses, verified data and conclusions
o B. concepts, patterns and abstractions
o C. concepts, processes and generalizations
o D. guesses, data and conclusions
49. Each teacher is said to be a trustee of the cultural and educational heritage of the nation and is, under
obligation to transmit to learners such heritage. Which practice makes him fulfill such obligation?
o A. Use the latest instructional technology.
o B. Observe continuing professional education.
o C. Use interactive teaching strategies.
o D. Study the life of Filipino heroes.
50. Teacher G‟s lesson objective has something to do with the skill of synthesizing? Which behavioral term is
most appropriate?
o A. Test
o B. Assess
o C. Appraise
o D. Theorize
51. The search for related literature by accessing several databases by the use of a telephone line to connect a
computer library with other computers that have database is termed __________.
o A. compact disc search
o B. manual search
o C. on-line search
o D. computer search
52. I combined several subject areas in order to focus on a single concept for inter-disciplinary teaching. Which
strategy/method did I use?
o A. Problem-entered learning
o B. Thematic instruction
o C. Reading-writing activity
o D. Unit method
53. As a teacher, you are a reconstructionist. Which among these will be your guiding principle?
o A. I must teach the child every knowledge, skill, and value that he needs for a better future.
o B. I must teach the child to develop his mental powers to the full.
o C. I must teach the child so he is assured of heaven.
o D. I must teach the child that we can never have real knowledge of anything.
54. A teacher‟s summary of a lesson serves the following functions, EXCEPT
o A. it links the parts of the lesson
o B. it brings together the information that has been discussed
o C. it makes provisions for full participation of students.
o D. it clinches the basic ideas or concepts of the lesson.
55. Teachers often complain of numerous non-teaching assignments that adversely, affect their teaching. Does
this mean that teachers must be preoccupied only with teaching?
o A. Yes, if they are given other assignments, justice demands that they be properly compensated.
o B. Yes, because other community leaders, not teachers, are tasked to leadin community activities.
o C. NO, because every teacher is expected to provide leadership and initiative in activities for betterment of
communities
o D. Yes, because teaching is enough full time job.
56. Which is one role of play in the pre-school and early childhood years?
o A. Develops competitive spirit.
o B. Separates reality from fantasy.
o C. Increases imagination due to expanding knowledge and emotional range.
o D. Develops the upper and lower limbs.
57. Studies in the areas of neurosciences disclosed that the human brain has limitless capacity. What does this
imply?
o A. Some pupils are admittedly not capable of learning.
o B. Every pupil has his own native ability and his learning is limited to this native abilty.
o C. Every child is a potential genius.
o D. Pupils can possibly reach a point where they have learned everything.
58. All men are pretty much alike. It is only by custom that they are set apart, said one Oriental philosopher.
Where can this thought be most inspiring?
o A. In a multi-cultural group of learners
o B. In multi-cultural and heterogeneous groups of learners and indigenous peoples' group
o C. In a class composed of indigenous peoples
o D. In heterogeneous class of learners
59. Standard deviation is to variability as mean is to __________.
o A. coefficient of correlation
o B. central tendency
o C. discrimination index
o D. level of difficulty
60. 61. Which is a true foundation of the social order?
o A. Obedient citizenry
o B. The reciprocation of rights and duties
o C. Strong political leadership
o D. Equitable distribution of wealth
61. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day, longer academic
year and more challenging textbooks?
o A. Perennialist
o B. Essentialist
o C. Progressivist
o D. Existentialist
62. NSAT and NEAT results are interpreted against set mastery level. This means that NSAT and NEAT fall
under __________.
o A. intelligence test
o B. aptitude test
o C. criterion-referenced test
o D. norm-referenced test
63. Bruner‟s theory on intellectual development moves from enactive to iconic and symbolic stages. In which
stage(s) are diagrams helpful to accompany verbal information?
o A. Enactive and iconic
o B. Symbolic
o C. Symbolic and enactive
o D. Iconic
64. Teacher H gave her first-grade class a page with a story in which pictures take the place of some words.
Which method did she use?
o A. The whole language approach
o B. The Spaulding method
o C. The rebus method
o D. The language experience approach
65. To elicit more student‟s response, Teacher G made use of covert responses. Which one did she NOT do?
o A. She had the students write their response privately.
o B. She showed the correct answers on the overhead after the students have written their responses.
o C. She had the students write their responses privately then called each of them.
o D. She refrained from judging on the student's responses.
66. A sixth grade twelve-year old boy comes from a dysfunctional family and has been abused and neglected.
He has been to two orphanages and three different elementary schools. The student can decode on the second
grade level, but he can comprehend orally material at the fourth or fifth grade level. The most probable cause/s
of this student‟s reading problem is/are __________.
o A. emotional factors
o B. poor teaching
o C. neurological factors
o D. immaturity
67. Teacher A knows of the illegal activities of a neighbor but keeps quiet in order not to be involved in any
investigation. Which foundational principle of morality does Teacher A fail to apply?
o A. The end does not justify the means.
o B. The principle of double-effect
o C. Always do what is right.
o D. Between two evils, do the lesser evil.
68. Which is an appropriate way to manage off-task behavior?
o A. Make eye contact.
o B. Stop your class activity to correct a child who is no longer on task.
o C. Move closer to the child.
o D. Redirect a child's attention to task and check his progress to make sure he is continuing to work.
69. Read the following then answer the question
TEACHER: IN WHAT WAYS OTHER THAN THE PERIODIC TABLE MIGHT WE PREDICT THE
UNDISCOVERED ELEMENTS?
BOBBY: WE COULD GOTO THE MOON AND SEE IF THERE ARE SOME ELEMENTS THERE WE
DON‟T HAVE.
BETTY: WE COULD DIG DOWN INTO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH AND SEE IF WE FIND ANY OF
THE MISSING ELEMENTS.
RICKY: WE COULD STUDY DEBRIS FROM THE METEORITES IF WE CAN FIND ANY.
TEACHER: THOSE ARE ALL GOOD ANSWERS. BUT WHAT IF THOSE EXCURSIONS TO THE
MOON, TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH, OR TO FIND METEORITES WERE TOO COSTLY AND
TIME CONSUMING? HOW MIGHT WE USE THE ELEMENTS WE ALREADY HAVE HERE ON EARTH
TO FIND SOME NEW ONES?
Question: The Teacher‟s questions in the above exchange are examples of __________ questions.
o A. fact
o B. concept
o C. direct
o D. closed
70. Who among the following needs less verbal counseling but needs more concrete and operational forms of
assistance? The child who __________.
o A. has mental retardation
o B. has attention-deficit disorder
o C. has learning disability
o D. has conduct disorder
71. For maximum interaction, a teacher ought to avoid __________ questions.
o A. informational
o B. rhetorical
o C. leading
o D. divergent
72. A child who gets punished for stealing candy may not steal again immediately. But this does not mean that
the child may not steal again. Based on Thorndike‟s theory on punishment and learning, this shows that
__________.
o A. punishment strengthens a response
o B. punishment removes a response
o C. punishment does not remove a response
o D. punishment weakens a response
73. In his second item analysis, Teacher H found out that more from the lower group got the test item # 6
correctly. This means that the test item __________.
o A. has a negative discriminating power
o B. has a lower validity
o C. has a positive discriminating power
o D. has a high reability
74. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers:Subject matter should help students understand and
appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for their thoughts, feelings, and
actions.From which philosophy is this thought based?
o A. Perennialism
o B. Essentialism
o C. Existentialism
o D. Progressivism
75. Which guideline must be observed in the use of prompting to shape the correct performance of your
students?
o A. Use the least intrusive prompt first.
o B. Use all prompts available.
o C. Use the most intrusive prompt first.
o D. Refrain from using prompts.
76. If teacher has to ask more higher-order questions, he has to ask more __________ questions.
o A. closed
o B. fact
o C. concept
o D. convergent
77. With which goals of educational institutions as provided for by the Constitution is the development of work
skills aligned?
o A. To develop moral character
o B. To teach the duties of citizenship
o C. To inculcate love of country
o D. To develop vocational efficiency
78. Which test has broad sampling of topics as strength?
o A. Objective test
o B. Short answer test
o C. Essay test
o D. Problem type
79. Which holds true to standardized tests?
o A. They are used for comparative purposes
o B. They are administered differently
o C. They are scored according to different standards
o D. They are used for assigning grades
80. Theft of school equipment like tv, computer, etc. by teenagers in the community itself is becoming a
common phenomenon. What does this incident signify?
o A. Prevalence of poverty in the community.
o B. Inability of school to hire security guards.
o C. Deprivation of Filipino schools.
o D. Community's lack of sense of co-ownership.
81. Which is a sound classroom management practice?
o A. Avoid establishing routines
o B. Establish routines for all daily needs and tasks.
o C. Apply rules and policies on a case to case basis.
o D. Apply reactive approach to discipline.
82. What is the mean of this score distribution: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10?
o A. 7
o B. 6
o C. 8.5
o D. 7.5
83. For which may you use the direct instruction method?
o A. Become aware of the pollutants around us.
o B. Appreciate Milton's Paradise Lost.
o C. Use a microscope properly.
o D. Distinguish war from aggression.
84. Which type of report refers toon-the-spot description of some incident, episode or occurrence that is being
observed and recorded as being of possible significance?
o A. Autobiographical report
o B. Biographical report
o C. Value and interest report
o D. Anecdotal report
85. A teacher/student is held responsible for his actions because s/he __________.
o A. has instincts
o B. is mature
o C. has a choice
o D. has reason
86. With-it-ness, according to Kounin, is one of the characteristics of an effective classroom manager. Which
phrase goes with it?
o A. Have hands that write fast.
o B. Have eyes on the back of your heads.
o C. Have a mouth ready to speak.
o D. Have minds packed with knowledge.
87. Out of 3 distracters in a multiple choice test item, namely B, C, and D, no pupil chose D as answer. This
implies that D is __________.
o A. an ineffective distracter
o B. a vague distracter
o C. an effective distracter
o D. a plausible distracter
88. Two students are given the WISE II. One has a full scale IQ of 91, while the other has an IQ of 109. Which
conclusion can be drawn?
o A. The second student has significantly higher intellectual ability
o B. The first student is probably below average, while the second has above average potential
o C. Both students are functioning in the average range of intellectual ability
o D. Another IQ test should be given to truly assess their intellectual potential
89. Study this group of tests which was administered with the following results, then answer the question.
Subject Mean SD Ronnels‟s Score
Math 56 10 43
Physics 41 9 31
English 80 16 109
In which subject(s) did Ronnel perform most poorly in relation to the group‟s performance?
o A. English
o B. English and Math
o C. Math
o D. Physics
90. Which method has been proven to be effective in courses that stress acquisition of knowledge?
o A. Socratic method
o B. Cooperative learning
o C. Mastery learning
o D. Indirect instruction
91. The concepts of trust vs. maturity, autonomy vs. self-doubt, and initiative vs. guilt are most closely related
with the works of __________.
o A. Erikson
o B. Piaget
o C. Freud
o D. Jung
92. What should you do if a parent who is concerned about a grade his child received compared to another
student‟s grade, demands to see both students‟ grades?
o A. Refuse to show either record.
o B. Show both records to him.
o C. Refuse to show any record without expressing permission from principal.
o D. Show only his child's records.
93. Ruben is very attached to his mother and Ruth to her father. In what developmental stage are they according
to Freudian psychological theory?
o A. Oedipal stage
o B. Latent stage
o C. Anal stage
o D. Pre-genital stage
94. Whose influence is the education program that puts emphasis on self-development through the classics,
music, and rituals?
o A. Buddha
o B. Mohammed
o C. Confucius
o D. Lao Tsu
95. Teacher A discovered that his pupils are very good in dramatizing. Which tool must have helped him
discover his pupils‟ strength?
o A. Portfolio assessment
o B. Performance test
o C. Journal entry
o D. Paper-and-pencil test
96. Teacher W wants to review and check on the lesson of the previous day? Which one will be most reliable?
o A. Having students identify difficult homework problems.
o B. Having students correct each other's work.
o C. Sampling the understanding of a few students.
o D. Explicitly reviewing the task-relevant information necessary for the day's lesson.
97. Helping in the development of graduates who are maka-Diyos is an influence of
o A. naturalistic morality
o B. classical Christian morality
o C. situational morality
o D. dialectical morality
98. Soc exhibits fear response to freely roaming dogs but does not show fear when a dog is on a leash or
confined to a pen. Which conditioning process is illustrated
o A. Generalization
o B. Extinction
o C. Acquisition
o D. Discrimination
99. Which applies when skewness is zero?
o A. Mean is greater than the median
o B. Median is greater than mean
o C. Scores have three modes
o D. Scores are normally distributed
100. John Watson said:Men are built not born.What does this statement point to?
o A. The ineffectiveness of training on a person's development.
o B. The effect of environmental stimulation on a person's development.
o C. The absence of genetic influence on a person's development.
o D. The effect of heredity.
1. c 11. B 21. B 31. D 41. B 51. C 61. B 71.c 81.b 91.a
2. a 12. B 22. D 32. A 42. B 52. D 62. C 72.c 82.a 92.c
3. a 13. A 23. B 33. A 43. D 53. A 63. B 73.b 83.c 93.a
4. d 14. C 24. D 34. B 44. A 54. B 64. B 74.c 84.c 94.a
5. b 15. C 25. A 35. D 45. A 55. C 65. B 75.a 85.c 95.b
6. a 16. A 26. A 36. C 46. A 56. C 66. C 76.d 86.d 96.c
7. b 17. B 27. C 37. A 47. B 57. C 67. C 77.d 87.a 97.b
8. A 18. A 28. D 38. B 48. C 58. B 68. D 78.c 88. A 98.C
9. c 19. A 29. A 39. C 49. D 59. B 69. C 79.c 89.a 99.d
10. b 20. C 30. C 40. B 50. D 60. B 70. B 80.d 90.c 100.b

22 August 2016 at 21:18 · Public

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Crystelle Villa Canlapan

69. B
Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016

Crystelle Villa Canlapan

71 . B

Rhetorical questi0n is a questi0n you ask with0ut expecting an answer.

Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016

Crystelle Villa Canlapan

72. D
Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016

Crystelle Villa Canlapan

73. A
Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016

Crystelle Villa Canlapan

76.C

Convergent thinking is a term coined by Joy Paul Guilford as the opposite of divergent thinking. It generally
means the ability to give the "correct" answer to standard questions that do not require significant creativity.
Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016

Crystelle Villa Canlapan

78. A
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Crystelle Villa Canlapan

84. D
Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016

Crystelle Villa Canlapan

86.B
Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016

Crystelle Villa Canlapan

Still,I thank y0u for p0sting this. I enj0yed answering.

G0d bless. ✅
Edited · Like · Reply · Report · 3 September 2016
Free LET Reviewer
Dami pala talagang mali... Thanks Ma'am sa pag... More
Free LET R... replied · See all 6 replies

La Tahzan

Rhea Mae Librea Detalla

Like · Reply · Report · 7 February
Professional education (40items)
1. You are very much interested in a quality professional development program for teachers. What characteristic
should you look for?
a. Prescribe by top educational teachers
b. Dependent on the availability of funds
c. Required for renewal of professional license
d. Responsive to identified teacher‟s needs.
2. To ensure high standards of teachers‟ personal and professional development, which of the following
measures must be implemented?
I. A school head plans the professional development of his/her teachers.
II. Every teacher formulates his/her own professional development plan
III. The implementation of what is leaned in a training must be monitored.
a. I only II and III
b. I and III d. II only
3. As a community leader, which of the following should a teacher NOT do?
a. Support effort of the community to improve their status in life.
b. Make herself aloof to ensure that her decisions will not be influenced bu the community politics.
c. Solicit donation from philanthropists in the community.
d. Play an active part in the activities of the community.
4. In a highly pluralistic society, what type of learning environment is the responsibility of the teacher?
I. Safe
II. Gender-biased
III. Secure
a. I and II c. II only
b. I, II and III d. I and III
5. A teacher is said to be “trustee of the cultural and educational heritage of the nation and is under obligation to
transmit to learners such heritage”. Which practice makes the teacher fulfill such obligation?
a. Use interactive teaching strategies.
b. Use the latest educational technology.
c. Observe continuing professional education
d. As a class, study the life of Filipino heroes.
6. Which actions show that political factors affect schools as agents of change?
I. The strengthening of the teaching of English in Philippines school.
II. The introduction of mandated subjects such as Rizal in the curriculum
III. The practice of mainstreaming
IV. The turnover of day care centers for DSWD to DepEd for supervision.
a. I and III c. II and III
b. I and II d. II and IV
7. For more efficient and effective management of school as agents of change, one proposal is for the DepEd to
cluster remote stand-alone schools under one lead school head. Which factor has the strongest influence on this
proposal?
a. Psychological c. Geographical
b. Historical d. Social
8. What does the acronym EFA imply for schools?
a. The acceptance of exclusive schools for boys and for girls.
b. The stress on the superiority of formal education over that of alternative learning system.
c. Practice of inclusive education
d. The concentration on formal education system
9. The wide acceptance of “bottom up” management style has influenced schools to practice which management
practice?
a. Exclusion of politicians from the pool of guest speakers during graduation exercises.
b. Prescription of what ought to be done from the Center Office.
c. Involvement of students, parents, teachers, and community in school planning
d. Allowing schools to do what they think is best
10. Large class size in congested cities is a common problem in our public schools. Which measure/s have
schools taken to offset the effects of large class?
I. The deployment of more teachers
II. The implementation of 1:1 pupil textbook ratio
III. The conduct of morning and afternoon sessions
a. I, II and III c. III only
b. I and II d. II only
11. The failure of independent study with most Filipino students may be attributed to students‟
a. unpreparedness fro schooling
b. ambivalence
c. high degree of independence
d. high degree of independence on authority
12. The schooling incidents in school campuses abroad have made school to rethink the curriculum. Which is
believed to counteract such incidents and so is being introduced in schools?
I. Inclusion of socio-emotional teaching
II. The emphasis on the concept of competition against self and not against others
III. Focus on academic achievement and productivity
a. I and III c. I and II
b. II and III d. I, II and III
13. Widespread abuse of Mother Earth prompted schools to teach sustainable development. which one does this
prove about schools?
a. The curricula of schools are centered on Mother Earth.
b. Schools can easily integrate sustained development in their curriculum.
c. Sustained development cannot be effectively taught in the classroom.
d. Environment factors influence the school as an agent of change.
14. A father tells his daughter “You are a woman. You are meant for the home and so for you, going to school is
not necessary.” Is the father CORRECT?
a. It depends on the place when the daughter and the father live.
b. Yes, women are meant to be a mother only.
c. No. today women can take on the jobs of men.
d. No, there is gender equality in education.
15. Is there a legal basis for increasing the teacher‟s starting salary to P18,000 an months?
a. No, it is a gift to teachers from Congress
b. Yes, R.A 7836
c. No, it is simply an act of benevolence from President GMA
d. Yes, the Phil. Constitution
16. As provided for the Educational Act of 1982, how are the institutions of learning encourage to set higher
standards of equality over the minimum standards required for state recognition?
a. Granting of Special Permit
b. Academic freedom
c. Continuing Professional Education
d. Voluntary accreditation
17. Despite of opposition from some school official, DepEd has continuously enforced the “no collection of
fees” policy during enrolment period in public schools. In this policy in accordance with EFA goals?
a. No, it violates the mandate of equality education
b. Yes, it somewhat eliminates gender disparities
c. Yes, it supports equitable access to basic education
d. No. it does not support parent of adult education
18. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less”. Hence, it is better to be a generalist, claims
Teacher F. Which Philosophy does Teacher F. subscribe to?
a. Existentialism c. Essentialism
b. Perennialism d. Progressivism
19. Mencius believed that all people are born good. This thought on the innate goodness of people makes it
easier to our pupils.
a. teach c. like
b. Respect d. motivate
20. The specialization requires of every professional teacher for him/her to be competent is in line with which
pillar of learning?
a. Learning to know
b. Learning to be
c. Learning to live together
d. Learning to do
21. Which pillar of learning is aimed at the wholistic development of man and his complete fulfillment?
a. Learning to be
b. Learning to know
c. Learning to live together
d. Learning to do
22. Material development at the expense of human development points to the need to do more in school.
a. “Learning to do”
b. “Learning to know”
c. “Learning to live together”
d. “Learning to be”
23. A student complains to you about his failing grade. When you recomputed you found out that you
committed an error in this grade computation. Your decision is not accept the erroneous computation before the
student and so leave the failing grade as is for fear that you may lose credibility. Is this morally right?
a. No, the reason for not accepting the error before the students in flimsy.
b. No, the end does not justify the means
c. Yes, the end justifies the means
d. Yes, as a teacher you must maintain your credibility
24. Which violate(s) the principle of respect?
I. Teacher A tells her students that what Teacher B taught is wrong.
II. To retaliate, Teacher B advises students not to enroll in Teacher A‟s class.
III. Teacher C secretly gives way to a special favor (e.g. add 2 points to grade) requested by student A who is
vying for honors.
a. II and III c. I and II
b. I, II and III d. I and III
25. Which is/are in accordance with the principle of pedagogical competence?
I. Communication of objectives of the course to students
II. Awareness of alternative instruction strategies
III. Selection of appropriate methods of instruction
a. I and III c. III only
b. I, II and III d. II and III
26. With a death threat over his head, Teacher D is directed to pass an undeserving student. Which will a
utilitarianist do?
a. Pass the student, why suffer the threat?
b. Don‟t pass him; live by your principle of justice. You will get reward, if not in this life, in the next.
c. Pass the student. That will be of use to the student, his parents and you.
d. Don‟t pass him. You surely will not like someone to give you a death threat in other to pass.
27. Teacher A knows of the illegal activities of a neighbor but keeps quiet in order not to be involved in any
investigation. Which foundational principle of morality does Teacher A fail to apply?
a. The end does not justify the means
b. The end justifies the means
c. Always do what is right
d. Between two evils, do the lesser evil
28. To earn units for promotion, a teacher pays her fee but does not attend class at all. Does this constitute
professional growth?
a. Not immediately but yes after promotion
b. It depends on the school she is enrolled in
c. No, it is simply earning MA units for promotion
d. Yes, just enrolling in an MA program is already professional growth
29. If a teacher asks more higher-order questions, he has to ask more questions.
a. fact c. convergent
b. close d. concept
30. Misdemeanor has a “ripple effect”. This implies that as a classroom manager, a teacher
a. reinforces positive behavior
b. responds to misbehavior promptly
c. is consistent in her classroom management practice
d. count 1 to 10 before she deals with a misbehaving student
31. Based on Edgar Dale‟s “Cone of Experience”, which activity is farthest from the real thing?
a. Watching demo c. Video disc
b. Attending exhibit d. Viewing images
32. The students of Teacher Y scan an electronic encyclopedia, view a film on subject, or look at related topics
at the touch of a button right there in the classroom. Which device/s des teacher Y‟s class have?
a. Teaching machines
b. CD
c. Video disc
d. Videotaped lesson
33. Which is an INAPPROPIATE way to manage off-task behavior?
a. Redirect a child‟s attention to task and check his progress to make sure he is continuing work
b. Make eye contact to communicate what you wish to communicate
c. Move closer to the child to make him feel your presence
d. Stop your class activity to correct a child who is no longer on task
34. To be an effective classroom manager, a teacher must be friendly but must at the same time be .
a. confident c. analytical
b. businesslike d. buddy-buddy
35. Which software is needed when one wants to perform automatic calculations on numerical data?
a. Database
b. Spreadsheet Program
c. Microsoft Word
d. Microsoft Powerpoint
36. Which of the following questions must be considered in evaluating teacher-made materials?
a. In the material new?
b. Does the material simulate individualism?
c. Is the material expensive?
37. Kounin claims that “with-it-ness” is one of the characteristics of an effective classroom manager. What is
one sign of “with-it-ness”?
a. Giving attention to students who are having difficulty with school work
b. Seeing only a portion of the class but intensively
c. Knowing where instructional materials are kept
d. Aware of what‟s happening in all parts of the classroom
38. Which of these is one of the ways by which the internet enables people to browse documents connected by
hypertext links?
a. URL
b. Browser
c. Welcome page
d. World Wide Web
39. Which characteristics must be primary considered as a choice of instructional aids?
a. Stimulate and maintain students interests
b. Suited to the lesson objectives
c. Updated and relevant to Filipino setting
d. New and skillfully made
40. You can exhibit referent power on the first day of school by
a. telling them the importance of good grades
b. giving your students a sense of belongingness and acceptance
c. making them feel you know what you are taking about
d. reminding your students your authority over them again and again
Correct answer:
1C
2B
3C
4D
5D
6D
7C
8C
9C
10 A
11 D
12 D
13 B
14 D
15 D
16 C
17 C
18 C
19 A
20 A
21 A
22 A
23 B
24 B
25 B
26 C
27 C
28 C
29 D
30 B
31 D
32 A
33 D
34 B
35 B
36 C
37 D
38 A
39 B
40 C

12 August 2016 at 17:02 · Public

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Geneel JohnNel Matulac

I got 24/40
Like · Reply · Report · 17 August 2016
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Yes po Sir, last April lang aku naggraduate and sa... More
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Gwapa Ko

Bryan Nuñez Sharon Love Abella Regis Melanie Baltonado Codilla Beau Aoife Soleil Dadz Jao Joan Michelle
Zuñiga Taran
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Jennifer Elarcosa Landiza

try ninyu guys.... ✅ Etragel Gisamud Lycej JhuLieehy Vibar Lañojan ELiza Beth Ella Ebarsabal Melody
Jane Pan Angel Lenne Tubalado Tabacon
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Crystelle Villa Canlapan

#13. D
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Crystelle Villa Canlapan

#36 B
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Crystelle Villa Canlapan

#38 B
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Crystelle Villa Canlapan

#40 B
Like · Reply · Report · 9 September 2016
Alliehs Lupina Dinopol - Castro

Joy Caboy Lamig

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Mochtar Abad Tuankali

Hynee Christicia Dagot Kris Sha Paolo P. Guelos Mochtar Abad TuankaMochtar Abad Tuankali
Like · Reply · Report · 26 December 2016

General Education
1. What muscle is described as involuntary, not striated, and have a single nucleus?
A. Smooth
B. Skeletal
C. Cardiac
D. Connective
2. Which of the following is not considered as a reproductive cell?
A. Gamete
B. Somatic cell
C. Egg cell
D. Sperm cell
3. It is combination of two glucose molecules
A. Maltose
B. Lactose
C. Sucrose
D. Starch
4. One of these planets has the greatest gravitational pull. Which one is it?
A. Mars
B. Earth
C. Mercury
D. Jupiter
5. Its discovery enabled geologist to date rocks accurately.
A. Global positioning system
B. Carbon- dating
C. Radio activity
D. Layering
6. If a woman were grouped by decade and ages, where will Mrs. Go of 87 years belong?
A. 7
B. 8
C. 6
D. 9
7. A ream of onion skin paper is 2.5 inches thick. If there are 500 sheets to each ream, how thick is one sheet of
paper?
A. . 002 in
B. .02 in
C. .005 in
D. .0125 in
8. What are the two missing numbers in this sequence?
1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, __, 29, ____, 46
A. 22, 35
B. 23, 36
C. 23, 38
D. 22, 37
9. Which of the following is the factorization of the binomial x square - 4 square?
A. ( x+4) ( x+2)
B. (X-4) raise to two
C. X ( x+2x+2)
D. ( x-4) ( x+4)
10. Which of the fractions has the least value?
A. 7/12
B. 8/9
C. 6/17
D. 7/8
11. Ikinalulungkot ko ang mga nangyari
A. Pagbati
B. Pagsagot
C. Pagbibigay impormasyon
D. Paghingi ng paumanhin
12. Tukuyin ang sugna na makapag-iisa
A. Kung magkakasundo tayo
B. Ako namang
C. Ang magiging tagasunod
D. Ikaw ang mamumuno
13. Alin ang dapat alisinsa pangkat
A. Kahali-halina
B. Kaakit-akit
C. Kaliga-ligaya
D. Kabighani-hani
14. Ano ang ibig sabihin ng " basal ang aking tinig"?
A. Busilak
B. Malakas
C. May takip ang bibig
D. Hindi Makinig
15. Anong supra segmental na ponema ang ipinapakita sa sumusunod na pahayag. "Pare, ang tatay ko"?
A. Kababawan
B. Liwayway
C. Saliwan
D. Antala
16. First feminist poet in the Phillipines
A. Kerima Polutan Tuvera
B. Leona Florentine
C. Aida Ruvera Ford
D. Carmen Guerrero Nakpil
17. What figure of speech is employed in this line from like the Molave, " O soul and spirits of the martyred
brave, arise?"
A. Metaphor
B. Apostrophe
C. Onomatopoeia
D. Personification
18. What figure of speech is used in the line, " I wondered lonely as a cloud?"
A. Onomatopoeia
B. Simile
C. Personification
D. Metaphor
19. A man out of clay means
A. Dust
B. Mortal
C. Immortal
D. Clay
20. The ____ you become, the less time you have for reading.
A. More busy
B. Busier
C. Busiest
D. More busier
21. Which country referred to as " Industrial Giant of Asia?"
A. Japan
B. Singapore
C. China
D. Korea
22. In economics, ____ is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period
of time.
A. Mercantilism
B. Inflation
C. Free trade
D. Depression
23. The author of "flora de filipina" circa 1837 , the botanical illustrations of plant specimens that grew into the
Phillipines herbarium
A. Gov. Narciso Claveria
B. Fr. Manuel Blanco
C. Fr. Emmanuel Gonzales
D. Gov. Polavieja
24. An International convention where the Phillipines can validate its claim to the Spratly and other territories in
the West Phillipine Sea
A. Kyoto Protocol
B. Geneva Convention
C. United Nations Convention of the law of the sea ( UNCLOS)
D. Rio de Janeiro convention
25. When was the centennial celebration of Phillipines independence?
A. June 15, 1989
B. July 04, 1989
C. June 12, 1998
D. June 12, 1989
26. How many seconds are there in a 24 hour day?
A. 85,400
B. 1440
C. 86, 400
D. 1540
27. Which of the ff. Is exactly divisible by 3 and 11?
A. 357404
B. 114345
C. 991111
D. 135792
28. The school cafeteria raised price of a plate of rice from 8 to 10 pesos. If the same rate of increase was
applied to a regular order of viand which used to cost 20 pesos , how much does an order of viand cost now?
A. 25
B. 26
C. 24
D. 22
29. Which of the ff. Illustrates physical change?
A. Butter melts
B. Milk turns sour
C. Iron nail rusts
D. Fruits ripen
30.Which element bus most responsible for depleting the ozone layer?
A. Hydrogen
B. Chlorine
C. Helium
D. Oxygen

Correct answer:

A
B
A
D
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Prof Ed:10 items multiple choice

1. The right of an educational institution and its faculty to prescibe the methods/strategies of teaching refers to
A. Building style
B. Choice of curriculum
C. Academic freedom
D. Co and extra curricular programs
2. The 1987 constitution provides that religious instruction can be given
A. With the students' consent
B. With the parent/guardian approval
C. With the mayor's permit
D. With the school's support
3. A review lesson to be an effective tool for mastery learning must be
A. The repetition of old lesson
B. The drill lesson
C. Reteaching but presented in a different challenging way
D. In a test format
4. A good indication that effective classroom management is when
A. The learners are quiet
B. There is minimum teacher control
C. Everything in the room is in its proper order
D. Students come in and out in orderly lines
5. Encouraging competition between slow and superior students in class work
A. Encourages the slow ones to work hard
B. Encourages the bright ones to be better
C. Provides wholesome learning experiences to all learners
D. None of these
6. Which one of the following practices diminishes plateaus of learning?
A. Frequent drills
B. Organized review excercises
C. Proper mental set
D. Teach to the point of over-learning
7. The hereditary traits acquired by a person in his lifetime;
A. Are transmissible to his offsprings
B. Reappear in his future grandchildren
C. Have no influence on the offspring at all
D. Become recessive traits
8. When students are given a chance to settle differences of opinion by discussion, they develop:
A. Fair play
B. Tolerance
C. Irritants
D. Sociability
9. The shool's responsibility towards teenagers "gang age" is:
A. Provide the gang all the freedom it needs
B. Gives classroom activities to give direction to out- of-school youth activities
C. Supervise gang activities
D. Set up norms of conduct for the members of the gang
10. Through the proper use of multi-sensory aids, a learner may live realistically and vicariously in places
remote from his immediate environment. These attests to the value of this aids to:
A. Arouse interest
B. Supplement knowledge
C. Enlarge ones' environment
D. Contribute to greater retention of learning
"The only education a man ever gets is the education he gives himself"

Correct answer:
1.C
2.B
3.C
4.B
5.D
6.A
7.A
8.B
9.B
10.D

ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING
1. Can paper-and-pencil tests diagnose students ability to organize thoughts?
A. Yes, by way of the essay test. ✔ ✔
B. No, unless the multiple choice type of tests is made situational
C. Yes, by way of the selected response type of test.
D. No, they are limited only to simple recall.
2. Which of the most reliable tool for seeing the development in your pupils ability to write?
A. Interview of pupils
B. Portfolio assessment ✔ ✔
C. Scoring rubrics
D. Self-assessment
3. I'd like to test whether a student knows what a particular word means. Which should I ask the student to do?
A. Define the word ✔ ✔
B. Give the etymology of the word
C. Give the word a tune sing it
D. Spell the word and identify its part of speech
4. Here is a test item: DISTANT: NEAR, as GENUINE:_________. This test is a /an
A. Analogy ✔ ✔
B. Completion
C. Metaphor
D. Riddle
5. Teachers are encouraged to make use of authentic assessment. Which goes with authentic assessment?
A. Answering multiple choice test items
B. Del contextualized drill
C. Real world application of lessons learned ✔ ✔
D. Unrealistic performances
6. To ensure mastery of a cognitive lesson, which assessment tool is most appropriate?
A. Essay test
B. Objective test
C. Pre-test and post-test ✔ ✔
D. Summative test
7. "State a set of principles that can explain the following items" is a yes item on _____
A. Generalizing
B. Relating cause and effect
C. Predicting ✔ ✔
D. Summarizing
8. The results of National Achievement Test ( NAT ) are interpreted against a set of mastery level. This means
that NAT is categorized as / an _____ test.
I. Criterion-referenced
II. Norm-referenced
A. I only ✔ ✔
B. Either I or II
C. II only
D. Neither I or II
9. The ff. Are used in writing performance objectives, except
A. Comprehend ✔ ✔
B. Delineate
C. Diagram
D. Integrate
10. In mastery learning, the definition of an acceptable standard of performance is called ____
A. Behavior
B. Condition ✔ ✔
C. Criterion measure
D. SMART
11. As a teacher, what do you do engage yourself in major task analysis?
A. Test if learning reached higher level of thinking skills.
B. Breakdown a complex task into sub-skills
C. Determine the level of thinking involved ✔ ✔
D. Revise lesson objectives
12. Teacher G's lesson objective has something to do with the skills of synthesizing. Which behavioural term is
most appropriate?
A. Appraise
B. Assess
C. Test
D. Theorize ✔ ✔
13. Which are direct measures of competencies?
A. Personality tests
B. Performance tests
C. Paper-and-pencil tests
D. Standardized tests ✔ ✔
14. Why should a teacher NOT use direct instruction all the time?
A. It requires much time
B. It requires use of supplementary materials
C. It reduces student engagement in learning ✔ ✔
D. It is generally effective only in the teaching of concepts and abstractions.
15.The following terms refer to performance objectives except _____ objectives.
A. Behavioral
B. Learners
C. Lesson
D. Teachers ✔ ✔
16. " using the six descriptions of elements of a good story, IDENTIFY IN WRITING THE SIX ELEMENTS
IN THE SHORT STORY BY O. HENRY, with complete accuracy." The words in capital letters are referred to
as the ____
A. Criterion of success
B. Condition ✔ ✔
C. Minimum acceptable performance
D. Performance statement
17. If teacher is concerned with the development of student's higher-order-thinking skills, then his lesson
objectives must go beyond______.
A. Analysis
B. Application ✔ ✔
C. Comprehension
D. Recall
18.The following terms refer to the alternative names for Authentic Assessment except
A. Alternative Assessment
B. Direct Assessment
C. Performance Assessment
D. Conventional Assessment ✔ ✔
19.This type of rubrics that estimates the overall quality of a performance by assigning a single numerical value
to represent a specific category of accomplishment
A. Analytic rubrics
B. Checklists
C. Holistic rubrics ✔ ✔
D. Combining scoring systems
20.Which of the following does not serve as organizer in the preparation of a portfolio?
A. Envelope
B. Clear book
C. Objective test ✔ ✔
D. Album

ENGLISH
(Correct Form of the Verb)
1. I have always (A. keep B. keeped C. kept) my promises to you.
2. Noel (A. binded B. bound C. bounded ) the package with string.
3. Where has Bob (A. hung B. hanged C. hunged) the newly painting?
4. Carl (A. layed B. laid C. lain) the money on the table.
5. Last night, Aunt Sheena ( A. teached B. thought C. taught) us how to sing.
6. Are you sure that Edith (A. hearded B. heard C. heareded) those girls speak nippongo?
7. Has the program (A. begin B. began C. begun) already!
8. Because of fatique, father unconsciously (A. lay B. layed C. laid) himself on the couch.
9. We (A. payed B. paid C. paided) our tuition fee a week before the exam.
10. Had you (A. drove B. drived C. driven) Evita back home?

9 July 2016 at 16:25 · Public

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KEY TO CORRECTION 1. C. 2. B. 3. A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. B. 7. C. 8. A. 9. B. 10. C.

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