Help:IPA/Ukrainian

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This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of
Ukrainian on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of
Ukrainian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the Shortcut
sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between
the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any  H:IPA-
symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. UK
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the
distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and
transcription delimiters.

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic

Alphabet represents Ukrainian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a
guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-uk}}
and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
Ukrainian contrasts palatalized "soft" and unpalatalized "hard" consonants.
Palatalized consonants, denoted by a superscript ⟨j⟩, are pronounced with the body
of the tongue raised toward the hard palate, like in the [j] sound in yes.
See Ukrainian phonology for more details on the sounds of Ukrainian.

Consonants

Hard Soft

English
IP English IP
Examples Examples approximat
A approximations A
ions

b бог[1] [bɔɦ] boot N/A

[d⁽ʲ⁾im], [
d дим[1] [dɪm] do dʲ дім, мідь[1]
midʲ]
dew

[ɡɛdzʲ], [dz
dz дзе́ркало[1] [ˈdzɛrkɐlo] pads dzʲ ґедзь, дзьоб[1] ʲɔb]
pad's yours

dʒ джміль[1] [dʒmilʲ] jump, ridge N/A

f фа́рба [ˈfɑrbɐ] fool

ɡ ґа́нок[1] [ˈɡɑnok] good

[tʃɐxoɣ between good an
ɣ чахохбі́лі[1]
ˈbil⁽ʲ⁾i] d hood

ɦ газе́та [ɦɐˈzɛtɐ] behind

йти, гай, їда́ль [jtɪ], [ɦɑj], 
N/A j ня [jiˈdɑlʲnʲɐ]
yes

k ключ [klʲutʃ] scar N/A

[l⁽ʲ⁾id], [s⁽ʲ
l лось [lɔsʲ] bell lʲ лід, сіль
⁾ilʲ]
least

m мир [mɪr] moot N/A

[ˈn⁽ʲ⁾iʒnɪj], 
n не́бо [ˈnɛbo] noon nʲ ні́жний, день
[dɛnʲ]
new

p пил [pɪl] spare N/A

trilled r,
trilled r, like like in
r лі́кар [ˈl⁽ʲ⁾ikɐr]
in Spanish riesgo
rʲ рі́чка [ˈr⁽ʲ⁾itʃkɐ]
Spanish ries
go

[ˈs⁽ʲ⁾ino], [
s суп [sup] soup sʲ сі́но, вісь
wisʲ]
suit

шпари́на, в [ʃpɐˈrɪnɐ], [
ʃ и́ще ˈwɪʃtʃe]
shop N/A

t тин [tɪn] star tʲ тінь, мить [t⁽ʲ⁾inʲ], [m stew

 ɪtʲ]

[ts⁽ʲ⁾iˈnɑ], 
ts цибу́ля [tsɪˈbulʲɐ] cats tsʲ ціна́, віне́ць [wiˈnɛtsʲ]
cat's young

очере́т, ви [otʃeˈrɛt], [ˈ
tʃ ще wɪʃtʃe]
choose

вчи́тель, ст [ˈu̯tʃɪtelʲ], [s
u̯ ав tɑu̯]
tow

Афганіста́н [ɐvɦɐn⁽ʲ⁾i N/A

v [1]
ˈstɑn]
vine

between wine an
w віл [wil]
d vine

x ховра́х [xou̯ˈrɑx] Bach, loch

[ˈz⁽ʲ⁾ilʲːʊ], 
зі́ллю, рі́зьбле
z зуб[1] [zub] zoo zʲ ння[1]
[ˈr⁽ʲ⁾izʲblen presume
ʲːɐ]

ʒ жи́то[1] [ˈʒɪto] measure, garage N/A

Vowels

Stressed Unstressed

English
IP English IP
Examples Examples approximat
A approximation A
ion

ɑ гай [ɦɑj] father ɐ гарма́та [ɦɐrˈmɑtɐ] hug

ɛ день, єсть [dɛnʲ], [jɛsʲtʲ met e ефі́рний [eˈfirnɪj] rate

 ]

i кіт, і́кла [kit], [ˈiklɐ] meet i біле́т [biˈlɛt] meet

ɪ ми́ша [ˈmɪʃɐ] bit ɪ кра́сний[2] [ˈkrɑsnɪj] bit

[ˈpɔle], [lʲɔ
ɔ по́ле, льон
n]
off o ору́дний [oˈrudnɪj] cold

u дух, лють [dux], [lʲutʲ] fool ʊ туди́ [tʊˈdɪ] put

Other symbols

IPA Explanation

ˈ◌ stress (placed before the stressed syllable)

ˌ◌ secondary stress (placed before the stressed syllable)

◌ː gemination (the consonant is pronounced twice as long)[3]

◌⁽ʲ⁾ optional nature of consonant palatalization before /i/

References[edit]
1. ^ Jump up to:                        Voiceless obstruents /p t tʲ ts tsʲ tʃ k
a b c d e f g h i j k l

x f s sʲ ʃ/ are voiced [b d dʲ dz dzʲ dʒ ɡ ɣ v z zʲ ʒ] before

other voiced obstruents. [ɣ] and [v] only ever occur in this
case.
2. ^ May also be realized as [e].
3. ^ In Ukrainian, geminates are found between
vowels: бага́ття [bɐˈɦɑtʲːɐ] 'bonfire', подру́жжя [po
ˈdruʒːɐ] 'married couple', обли́ччя [oˈblɪtʃːɐ] 'face'.
Geminates also occur at the beginning of a few
words: лля́ний [ˈlʲːɑnɪj] 'flaxen', forms of the verb ли́ти 'to
pour' (ллючи́ [lʲːʊ
ˈtʃɪ], ллю [lʲːu], ллєш [lʲːɛʃ] etc.), сса́ти [ˈsːɑtɪ] 'to suck' and
derivatives.[citation needed]
 Bibliography[edit]
 Danyenko, Andrii; Vakulenko, Serhii (1995).  Ukrainian.
Lincom Europa. ISBN 978-3-929075-08-3.
 Жовтобрюх, М.А.; Кулик, Б.М. (1965). Курс сучасної
української літературної мови. Частина I. (in Ukrainian).
Kiev: Радянська школа.

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