PROJECT REPORT

on

Courier Management System

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We thank the almighty for giving us the courage & perseverance in completing the
project. This project itself is an acknowledgement for all those who have given us
their heart-felt-co-operation in making it a grand success.

We are thankful to our principal, Prof.------------for providing the necessary

infrastructure and labs. We are greatly indebted to, Head of Information
Technology, Mr. ------------ for providing valuable guidance at every stage of this
project work.

We are also thankful to the project coordinator, Mr. ------- for extending their
sincere & heartfelt guidance throughout this project work. Without their
supervision and many hours of devoted guidance, stimulating & constructive
criticism, this thesis would never come out in this form.

It is a pleasure to express our deep and sincere gratitude to the project Guide
Mr,---------- and are profoundly grateful towards the unmatched help rendered by
him. Our special thanks to all the lectures of Information Technology, for their
valuable advises at every stage of this work.

Last but not the least; we would like to express our deep sense and earnest thanks
giving to our dear parents for their moral support and heartfelt cooperation in doing
the project. We would also like to thank our friends, whose direct or indirect help
has enabled us to complete this work successfully.
 Content
1 ABSTRACT
2 PURPOSE OF PROJECT
3 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

4 PROJECT OVERVIEW

5 PROJECT ANALYSIS
6 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENT

7 PROJECT DESIGNING

8 DATABASE DESIGN

9 OUTPUT SCREENS

10 PROJECT TESTING

11 CONCLUSION

12 BIBILIOGRAPHY
 ABSTRACT

Title of the Project:Courier Management System

Description:

This project deals with the ‘Courier Management System. The system is used for
daily activities such as booking a courier, courier history; maintain staff details,
branch details.

Previous System:
This project deals with the ‘Courier Management System ’. The system is used for
daily activities such as booking, Booking history ,staff details, Branch details and
pickup centers. It is very difficult to do this process manually. Hence it is
recommended to computerize the process by developing the relative software as
the world is turning into information and technology; computerization becomes
necessity in all walks of life.

Existing System:
The existing system is not totally automated. Though the system is computerized to

a particular extent, it has to do a lot of manual work.

The different processes involved are:

 To maintain details of bookings manually.
 Maintain details of the employees.
 To maintain details of the incoming couriers.
  To maintain full courier details.

Modules:
 Administrator
 Staff
 Customer

In this project we use PHP and MySQL database. It has three module

1. Admin Module
2.Staff Module.
3.User Module

Admin Module

1. Dashboard: In this section admin can see all detail in brief like total courier,
Total Courier Pickup, Total Shipped, Total In-transit, Total Courier arrived at
destination, Total courier out for delivery and Total delivered courier.
2. Branches: In this section admin can manage branches(add and update).
3. Staffs: In this section admin can manage Staffs(add, update and delete).
4. Courier: In this section admin can view courier status and check the courier
detail which is filling by staff of different branches.
5. Reports: In this section admin can view courier details, courier counts and sales
report according to dates.

Admin can also update his profile, change password and recover password.

Staff Module

1. Dashboard: In this section staffs can see all detail in brief like total courier ,
Total Courier Pickup, Total Shipped, Total In-transit, Total Courier arrived
at destination, Total courier out for delivery and Total delivered courier.
2. Add Courier: In this section staffs fill the courier detail of parcel.
 3. Status: In this section staffs can view the courier details and they have also
right to change courier status according to current status.
4. Search Courier: In this section staffs can search particular courier with the
help of tracking number/reference number.

Staffs can also update his profile, change password and recover password.

User Module

In this module user can view current delivery status of his parcel and also view the
different branches of Courier Company.

Note: In this project MD5 encryption method used.

 PURPOSE OF PROJECT

This project deals with the ‘Courier Management System’. The system is used for
daily activities such as booking, history of courier,staff details and branches. It is
very difficult to do this process manually. Hence it is recommended to computerize
the process by developing the relative software as the world is turning into
information and technology; computerization becomes necessity in all walks of
life.

Why the new system?

Nowadays, people are very busy and they don’t find much time to go to a dealer to
get products. But they need to buy products. And most of the people are accessing
Internet.

Then why don’t we help them in searching & getting products online. Of course
this is helpful for company & dealer also to improve the sales.
 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Courier management system computerization is “the incorporate of appropriate

technology to help administrator manage information. Technology is considered
appropriate, when it utilizes the most abundant domestic resources and conserves
capital and skilled personnel”.

This project deals with the maintenance of booking details, incoming courier
details, courier non delivery details and courier return details etc. the main aim of
this project is to computerize the maintenance of courier management.
 PROJECT OVERVIEW

Modules:
 Administrator
 Staff
 Customer

In this project we use PHP and MySQL database. It has three modules

1. Admin Module
2. Staff Module.
3. User Module

Admin Module

1. Dashboard: In this section admin can see all detail in brief like total courier,
Total Courier Pickup, Total Shipped, Total In-transit, Total Courier arrived at
destination, Total courier out for delivery and Total delivered courier.

2. Branches: In this section admin can manage branches (add and update).
3. Staffs: In this section admin can manage Staffs (add, update and delete).
4. Courier: In this section admin can view courier status and check the courier
detail which is filling by staff of different branches.
5. Reports: In this section admin can view courier details, courier counts and
sales report according to dates.

Admin can also update his profile, change password and recover password.
Staff Module

1Dashboard: In this section staffs can see all detail in brief like total courier ,
Total Courier Pickup, Total Shipped, Total In-transit, Total Courier arrived at
destination, Total courier out for delivery and Total delivered courier.

2Add Courier: In this section staffs fill the courier detail of parcel.

3. Status: In this section staffs can view the courier details and they have also
right to change courier status according to current status.

4. Search Courier: In this section staffs can search particular courier with the
help of tracking number/reference number.

Staffs can also update his profile, change password and recover password.

User Module

In this module user can view current delivery status of his parcel and also view the
different branches of Courier Company.

Note: In this project MD5 encryption method used.

 PROJECT ANALYSIS

Description of the Existing System

The existing system is not totally automated. Though the system is computerized

to a particular extent, it has to do a lot of manual work.

The different processes involved are:

 To maintain details of bookings manually.
 Maintain the details of the employees.
 To maintain details of the incoming couriers.
 To maintain courier history.
 To maintain the details of branches.

Bottlenecks of the existing system

The existing system has lot of problems such as
 The entire database is maintained manually which is rather tedious and error
prone.
 Time delay is more because of verification of many records for generating
reports, answering queries etc.
 Queries are not answered properly due to lack of communication.
 More space is required to keep all the records.
 Improper interface.
System Specifications
Hardware Requirements:-

 Pentium-IV(Processor).
 256 MB Ram
 512 KB Cache Memory
 Hard disk 10 GB
 Microsoft Compatible 101 or more Key Board

Software Requirements: -

 Operating System : Windows / Linux any one

 Programming language: PHP

 Web-Technology: Open Source

 Front-End: PHP

 Back-End: MySQL

 Web Server: Apache

 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT

1. HTML
WHAT IS HTML?

To publish information for global distribution, one needs a university-understood

language, a kind of publishing mother tongue that all computers may potentially
understand. The publishing language used by the World Wide Web is HTML
(Hyper Text Markup Language)

HTML Gives Authors the Means To

1. Publish online documents with headings, text, tables, list, photos etc.
2. Retrieve online information via hypertext links, at the click of a button
3. Design forms for conducting transactions with remote services, for use in
searching information, making reservation, ordering products etc.;
4. Includes spreadsheets, video clips, sound clips, and other applications
directly in the documents.
5.
Some HTML Tags

<HTML>:Starting an HTML tag

<HEAD> : Creating a web page’s head

<TITLE> : Giving a web page ‘s body

</HEAD> : Ending a web pages head

</BODY> : Ending a web pages body

</HTML>:Ending a web page

<FORM> : Creating a HTML forms

<INPUT TYPE=BUTTON> : Creating a buttons

<INPUT TYPE=CHECKBOX> : Creating a checkboxes

<INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT> : Creating a submit button

<INPUT TYPE=TEXT> : Creating a text fields

HTML 4.0

HTML 4.0 extends with mechanisms for style sheets, scripting, frames embedding
objects, improved support for right to left and mixed direction texts, richer tables
and enhancements to form, offering improved accessibilities for people with
disability.

2. INTRODUCTION TO JAVA SCRIPT

WHAT IS JAVA SCRIPT?

JavaScript, originally supported by Netscape Navigator, is the most popular Web

scripting language today. JavaScript lets you embed programs right in your Web
pages and run these programs using the Web browser. You place these programs in
a <SCRIPT> element. If you want the script to write directly to the Web page,
place it in the <BODY> element.
 EX:<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE></TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE=”JavaScript”>

</SCRIPT>

</BODY></HTML>

JAVASCRIPTS OBJECTS

JavaScript is an object-oriented language. JavaScript comes with a number of

predefined objects.

Objects of the JavaScript

1. Document: Corresponds to the current Web page’s body. Using this object,
you have access to the HTML of the page itself, including the all links,
images and anchors in it.
2. Form: Holds information about HTML forms in the current page.
3. Frame: Refers to a frame in the browser’s window.
4. History: Holds the records of sites the Web browser has visited before
reaching the current page.
5. Location: Holds information about the location of the current web page.
6. Navigator: Refers to the browser itself, letting you determine what browser
the user has.
7. Window: Refers to the current browser window.
JAVASCRIPTS EVENTS

Some of the events of JavaScript

1. on Change: Occurs when data in a control, like a text field, changes.

2. on Click: Occurs when an element is clicked.
3. on Focus: Occurs when an element gets the focus.
4. on Mouse Down: Occurs when a mouse button goes down.
5. on Reset: Occurs when the user clicks the reset button.

JAVASCRIPTS FUNCTIONS

Declaration of function

Syntax: function function name ()

Write these functions in <SCRIPT> tag.

5.RDBMS CONCEPTS
1. DATA ABSTRACTION

A major purpose of a database system is to provide users with an abstract view

of the data. This system hides certain details of how the data is stored and
maintained. However in order for the system to be usable, data must be
retrieved efficiently. The efficiency lead to the design of complex data structure
for the representation of data in the database. Certain complexity must be
hidden from the database system users. This accomplished by defining several
levels of abstraction at which the database may be viewed.

2. CLASSIFICATION OF DATABASE

There are 3 types of database approaches given below,

a. Hierarchical Database:

In this type of model data is represented in simple tree structured. The

record at the top of three is known as root, the root may have any
number of dependents. Each of these may have any number of low
level dependents and so on up to any number of levels. The
disadvantages of the approach are that no independent record
occurrence can exist without it’s superior.

b. Network Database:

In a Network database, data is represented by Network structure. In

this approach record occurrence can have any number of superiors as
well as any number of immediate dependents thus allow many to
many correspondence directly than an hierarchical approach. The
main disadvantage of the Network model is data representation is very
complex resulting in complexity of the DML (Data Manipulation
Language).
 c. Relational Database:

The Relational model represents data and relationships among data by

a collection of tables each of which has a number of columns with
unique names.

6.THE SQL LANGUAGE

SQL is a language for relational database. SQL is a non-procedural i.e., when we

use SQL we specify what we want to be done not how to do it.

Features of SQL

1. SQL is an interactive query language.

2. SQL is a database administration language.
3. SQL is a database programming language.
4. SQL is a client/server language.
5. SQL is a distributed database language.
6. SQL is a database gateway language.

Basic SQL Commands

 Data Definition Language commands (DDL)

 Data Manipulation Language commands (DML)

 Transaction Control Language commands (TCL)

 Data control Language commands (DCL)

PHP
  PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor"
 PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language
 PHP scripts are executed on the server
 PHP is free to download and use

What is a PHP File?

 PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code
 PHP code are executed on the server, and the result is returned to the
browser as plain HTML
 PHP files have extension ".php"

What Can PHP Do?

 PHP can generate dynamic page content

 PHP can create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the server
 PHP can collect form data
 PHP can send and receive cookies
 PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database
 PHP can be used to control user-access
 PHP can encrypt data

With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. You can output images, PDF files,
and even Flash movies. You can also output any text, such as XHTML and XML.

PROJECT DESIGNING
Design Document

 The entire system is projected with a physical diagram which specifics the
actual storage parameters that are physically necessary for any database to
be stored on to the disk. The overall systems existential idea is derived
from this diagram.

 The relation upon the system is structure through a conceptual ER-

Diagram, which not only specifics the existential entities but also the
standard relations through which the system exists and the cardinalities
that are necessary for the system state to continue.

 The content level DFD is provided to have an idea of the functional inputs
and outputs that are achieved through the system. The system depicts the
input and output standards at the high level of the systems existence.

A DFD does not show a sequence of steps. A DFD only shows what the different
process in a system is and what data flows between them.

The following are some DFD symbols used in the project

External entities

Process: A transaction of information that resides

within the bounds of the system to be module.
DATAFLOWS
 DATASTORE: A repository of data that is
to be stored for use by one or more
processes, may be as simple as buffer of
queue or as a relational database.
RULES FOR DFD:

 Fix the scope of the system by means of context diagrams.

 Organize the DFD so that the main sequence of the actions
reads left to right and top to bottom.
 Identify all inputs and outputs.
 Identify and label each process internal to the system with
rounded circles.
 A process is required for all the data transformation and
transfers. Therefore, never connect a data store to a data source
or the destinations or another data store with just a data flow
arrow.
 Do not indicate hardware and ignore control information.
 Make sure the names of the processes accurately convey
everything the process is done.
 There must not be unnamed process.
 Indicate external sources and destinations of the data, with
squares.
 Number each occurrence of repeated external entities.
 Identify all data flows for each process step, except simple
Record retrievals.
 Label data flow on each arrow.
  Use details flow on each arrow.
 Use the details flow arrow to indicate data movements.
 There can’t be unnamed data flow.
 A data flow can’t connect two external entities.
LEVELS OF DFD:

The complexity of the business system means that it is a responsible to represent

the operations of any system of single data flow diagram. At the top level, an
Overview of the different systems in an organization is shown by the way of
context analysis diagram. When exploded into DFD
They are represented by:
 LEVEL-0 : SYSTEM INPUT/OUTPUT
 LEVEL-1:SUBSYSTEM LEVEL DATAFLOW
FUNCTIONAL
 LEVEL-2: FILE LEVEL DETAIL DATA FLOW.
The input and output data shown should be consistent from one level to the next.

LEVEL-0: SYSTEM INPUT/OUTPUT LEVEL

A level-0 DFD describes the system-wide boundaries, dealing inputs to and
outputs from the system and major processes. This diagram is similar to the
combined user-level context diagram.

LEVEL-1: SUBSYSTEM LEVEL DATA FLOW

A level-1 DFD describes the next level of details within the system,
detailing the data flows between subsystems, which makeup the whole.
LEVEL-2: FILE LEVEL DETAIL DATA FLOW
All the projects are feasible given unlimited resources and infinite time. It is both
necessary and prudent to evaluate the feasibility of the project at the earliest
possible time. Feasibility and the risk analysis are pertained in many ways. If
project risk is great.

FIRST LEVEL DTAFLOW DIAGRAM

0.0

Courier
Management system
User Administrator

2nd Level DFDs

1.1

Courier

Administrator Administrator

1.2

Staff
 Booking
1.1.1.1
Booking
Booking

User info
Staff

Branch

2. Unified Modeling Language Diagrams(UML):

  The unified modeling language allows the software engineer to express an
analysis model using the modeling notation that is governed by a set of
syntactic semantic and pragmatic rules.

 A UML system is represented using five different views that describe the
system from distinctly different perspective. Each view is defined by a set of
diagram, which is as follows.

User Model View

i. This view represents the system from the users perspective.

ii. The analysis representation describes a usage scenario from the end-users
perspective.
Structural model view

 In this model the data and functionality are arrived from inside the
system.

 This model view models the static structures.

Behavioral Model View

 It represents the dynamic of behavioral as parts of the system, depicting

the interactions of collection between various structural elements
described in the user model and structural model view.

Implementation Model View

 In this the structural and behavioral as parts of the system are represented
as they are to be built.

Environmental Model View

In this the structural and behavioral aspects of the environment in which the system
is to be implemented are represented.
UML is specifically constructed through two different domains they are

 UML Analysis modeling, which focuses on the user

model and structural model views of the system?

 UML design modeling, which focuses on the behavioral

modeling, implementation modeling and environmental model views.

1) Use Case Diagrams admin

Dashboard

Manage Branches
(Add / Edit)

Manage Staff
(Add / Update / Active / Inactive)

View Courier Details

View Reports

Change Password

Update Own Profile

1) Use Case Diagrams Staff
Dashboard

Add Courier

Manage Courier
(Update Action)

Search Courier

Change Password

Update Own Profile

1) Use Case Diagrams User

 Search Courier by Tracking /
Reference No

View Branch details

3. ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP Diagrams

E-R (Entity-Relationship) Diagram is used to represents the relationship

between entities in the table.

The symbols used in E-R diagrams are:

SYMBOL PURPOSE

Represents Entity sets.

Represent attributes.
 Represent Relationship Sets.

Line represents flow

Structured analysis is a set of tools and techniques that the analyst.
To develop a new kind of a system:
The traditional approach focuses on the cost benefit and feasibility analysis,
Project management, and hardware and software selection a personal
considerations.
 DATABASE DESIGN

The data in the system has to be stored and retrieved from database. Designing the

database is part of system design. Data elements and data structures to be stored

have been identified at analysis stage. They are structured and put together to

design the data storage and retrieval system.

A database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum redundancy to

serve many users quickly and efficiently. The general objective is to make database

access easy, quick, inexpensive and flexible for the user. Relationships are

established between the data items and unnecessary data items are removed.

Normalization is done to get an internal consistency of data and to have minimum

redundancy and maximum stability. This ensures minimizing data storage required,

minimizing chances of data inconsistencies and optimizing for updates. The MS

Access database has been chosen for developing the relevant databases.

Vehicle Service Management System (cmsdb) contains 5 MySQL tables :

tbladmin table Structure : This table store the login details of admin.
tblbranch table Structure : This table store the branch details.

tblstaff table Structure : This table store the staff login and personal details.
tblcourier Table Structure : This table store the sender , recipients and courier

details.

tblcouriertracking Table Structure : This table store the courier movement

history.
 OUTPUT SCREENS
Home Page
Branch detail page

Admin Login

Admin Dashboard
Add Branch
Manage Branch Page

Edit Branch Details

Add Staff

Manage Staff

Edit Staff Details

Manage Courier
View Courier Details
Between Dates Report

Between dates reports details

Courier Count Report

Request Count Report detail

Sales Report

Sales Report Details

Admin Profile

Change Password
Admin Forgot Password

Admin Reset Password

Staff Dashboard
Courier Detail Form
Manage Courier
View Courier Details
Courier Action

Search Page
Staff Profile

Change Password
Staff Forgot Password

Staff Reset Password

 PROJECT TESTING
Software Testing Strategies

Testing is a set of activities that can be planned in advanced and conducted

systematically. A strategy for software testing must accommodation low-level tests
that are necessary to verify that a small source code segment has been correctly
implemented as well as high-level tests that validate major system functions
against customer requirements

There are three types of testing strategies

1. Unit test
2. Integration test
3. Performance test

Unit Testing:

Unit testing focuses verification efforts on the smallest unit of software

design module. The unit test is always white box oriented. The tests that occur as
part of unit testing are testing the module interface, examining the local data
structures, testing the boundary conditions, execution all the independent paths and
testing error-handling paths.
Integration Testing:

Integration testing is a systematic technique or construction the program structure

while at the same time conducting tests to uncover errors associated with
interfacing. Scope of testing summarizes the specific functional, performance, and
internal design characteristics that are to be tested. It employs top-down testing and
bottom-up testing methods for this case.

Performance Testing:

Timing for both read and update transactions should be gathered to

determine whether system functions are being performed in an acceptable
timeframe.
 CONCLUSION

The entire project has been developed and deployed as per the requirements stated

by the user, it is found to be bug free as per the testing standards that is

implemented. Any specification-untraced errors will be concentrated in the

coming versions, which are planned to be developed in near future. The system at

present does not take care off the money payment methods, as the consolidated

constructs need SSL standards and are critically to be initiated in the first face, the

application of the credit card transactions is applied as a developmental phase in

the coming days. The system needs more elaborative technicality for its inception

and evolution.
 BIBILIOGRAPHY

For PHP
 https://www.w3schools.com/php/default.asp
 https://www.sitepoint.com/php/
 https://www.php.net/

For MySQL
 https://www.mysql.com/
 http://www.mysqltutorial.org

For XAMPP
 https://www.apachefriends.org/download.html