HVAC - Energy - Environment

Sumaya HMX Systems Ltd.,

Bangalore 560058

April 2005
„ We as facility / utility managers are quite often left
with the unenviable task of optimizing seemingly
conflicting objectives…
„ Indoor comfort vs. energy bills
„ Factory environment vs. lower budget for capital equipment
„ Green initiatives vs. functional requirement of the unit

…..the natural question may be

what is the relevance of this title???
 …a quick review

„ Since late eighties, we have been hearing

phrases like:
„ ODP – Ozone depletion potential
„ GHG – Green House gases
„ GWP – Global warming potential
„ Now the actively used phrase ‘ carbon emission’
„ We have also been hearing about Montreal /
Kyoto protocol
 ….review continued

„ Agreed that several industries are responsible

and contribute to the various problems listed
„ Automobiles….petroleum…CO2 emission
„ Halons…ODP
„ Coal industry - GWP

„ In this document we shall restrict it to HVAC

industry
 Objective
„ The objective of this document is to share a
few thoughts on…
„ Connect between HVAC – Environment – Energy
„ Indian perspective
„ Energy and Environment friendly technologies
„ HMX Ambiator

„ Each is addressed in the following sections

 Is there a ‘connect’ between
HVAC – Environment - Energy
 HVAC.. Environment.. Energy

„ We do not have to go very far to link HVAC

and Energy
„ Organizations spend between 40 to 70% of the
total building energy costs in HVAC
„ As regards environment, there is both direct
and indirect impact
„ Direct – in terms of CFC, ODP
„ Indirect – total energy, GWP of power generation,
Carbon emissions etc.,
 Some references…
„ Space conditioning (heating, cooling, and ventilation)
is the most significant energy use in the commercial
sector, representing the best opportunity for reducing
carbon emissions in the future.
„ More efficient lighting and office equipment also
contribute to carbon reductions (along with some
modifications in the use of computer and
telecommunications equipment).
„ Total energy use per square foot of commercial floor
space in 2010 is projected across the cases to drop
by 26%

Energy Information Admin…DOE, USA

 HVAC.. Environment ..Energy

„ How can we go about this??

„ To have a meaningful discussion, we need

to go back to the core issue that HVAC

industry caters to…. ‘thermal comfort’
 ASHRAE 55 or ISO 7730…..
„ While designing Air conditioning system
we refer to ASHRAE 55 standard.
„ Maintain operative temperature between:
„
o
20.0 to 23.5 C in winter
„ 22.5 to 26.0o C in summer

„ Maintaining Rh between 30 to 60%

 Standards…
„ These standards are based on static model
„ “One size fits all” approach
„ Thermally bored syndrome
„ These do not take cognizance of ‘thermal
adaptation’ by the occupants.
„ Adaptation due to various factors
„ Profile
„ Occupational
„ Personal
„ Other reasons
„ Currently there is a lot of deliberation on need to
address a dynamic model for thermal comfort
 Standards..
„ There have been studies addressing thermal
adaptiveness (Humphreys 1976,Busch 1992, Richard
de Dear et., al 1992/1998, Baker and Standeven
1994 and so on…)
„ Winter preferences for different countries
„ Japan 14 deg. C
„ Norway 17 deg. C
„ Sweden 21 deg. C

„ We do not have Indian standards for thermal

comfort
 HVAC… Environment… Energy

„ We can address the connect between the

three by integrating:
„ Climatology
„ Ambient weather
„ Energy
„ Choice of technology
„ Indoor Environment
„ Thermal comfort
Indian perspective
 Indian perspective

„ Within the Indian sub continent, we

experience 6 different ambient weather
conditions
„ Hot & dry
„ Warm & humid
„ Moderate
„ Cold and cloudy
„ Cold and sunny
„ Composite
Indian perspective
 Indian perspective

„ We are witnessing significant progress

by way of…
„ Different types of Chillers, each getting more
energy efficient, advanced refrigerants
„ Different technologies (Working without HFC’s)
„ Vapour compression using hydro carbons, ammonia,
carbon-di-oxide
„ Vapour absorption / adsorption
„ Dessicant cooling
„ And many more….
 Indian perspective

Apart from those listed above, a range of Energy

efficient and Eco friendly technologies come in very
relevant for the different climate regions shown in
earlier slide
Energy and Environment friendly
technologies…
 Energy and Eco. Friendly technologies
„ Free Cooling
„ Night Ventilation
„ Earth Cooling (ground cooling)
„ Evaporative Cooling
„ Direct Evaporative cooling
„ Indirect Evaporative cooling
„ Two stage evaporative cooling

….. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, USA

 Energy and Eco. Friendly technologies
„ Free Cooling
„ Uses the principle of ‘reverse chimney’
effect
„ This solution is typically integrated into a
building at conceptual stage.
„ Provide for towers – ala watch towers
„ Have ambient air collected at the top of towers
„ Saturate this stream of air
„ Move this air stream to cool the designated
areas
 Energy and Eco. Friendly technologies
„ Night Ventilation
„ Night air is always cooler.
„ Bangalore in this season is about 14 to 17 deg. C
„ Use this cool air to cool the thermal mass of the building.
„ This will translate to about 7 to 10% energy saving
advantage
„ Earth Cooling
„ Earth temperature is cooler than ambient environment
„ A tunnel (pipe) is laid few metres beneath ground
„ Ambient air flowing through this gets cooled naturally
 Energy and Eco. Friendly technologies
„ Evaporative Cooling / Conditioning
„ India is one of the largest markets in the world for
these technologies
„ We have products at different levels of
sophistication and different levels of technical
performance being offered in the market
HMX Ambiator...
 Introduction…
„ Ambiator is an innovative product offering to
Indian Market, that has been successfully
commercialized
„ It is an energy efficient and eco friendly
product:
„ Effects energy savings upto 60 % as compared to
conventional air conditioners
„ Is an eco –friendly product, as it does not use any
CFC or GHG (green house gases)
A few international references…

„ Internationally, systems working on similar

principles are called IDEC systems or Two
stage evaporative cooling systems.
„ These systems are identified as Zero ODP (ozone
depletion potential) and Zero (Global warming
potential) systems.
„ Research references are available from:
„ DOE - Department of Energy, USA
„ CEC – California Energy commission
„ LBL -Lawrence Berkeley laboratory
 Principle of working of
Ambiators…
„ Ambient air is drawn across filters (5/10/20
microns depending upon requirement) and
passed through two heat exchangers:

„ Sensible Heat Exchanger: Air is cooled sensibly

without adding any water. This works on the
principle of indirect evaporative cooling of air.

„ Adiabatic Heat Exchanger: Air from HE 1, is

passed through an adiabatic heat exchanger for
evaporative cooling of air. In this heat exchanger,
sensible heat is converted into latent heat.
Schematic Diagram
 What is new in Ambiators ?

„ Ambiators represent a new technology

„ These incorporate a Wet plate, Cross flow heat
exchanger, where based on Indirect
Evaporative Cooling, sensible cooling is
achieved.
„ This forms the core technology of Ambiator.
 Key features of Ambiators…
„ Ambiators are:
„ Energy Efficient (EER of over 25)
„ Eco friendly ( No CFC is used)
„ Ambiators come with an integrated control
panel with options such as:
„ Variable speed drives
„ PLC/Micro controller based control systems
„ Remote management
„ Integration with existing control systems / BMS /
Energy Management
 Psychrometric chart …

PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
based on barometric pressure of 1013mbar MOISTURE
KG/KG
0.03

0.025

0.02

0.015

0.01

0.005

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
DRY BULB TEMPERATURE in DEG C
 Applications…
„ HMX Ambiator can be used as an Energy
efficient alternative to air conditioners
„ It presents an innovative and unique
technological solution for
„ Comfort conditioning
„ Industrial ventilation and cooling
„ Pre cooling for Compressors / Gas turbines
„ Hybrid air conditioners
„ 100% fresh air applications.
 Case studies….
„ Wipro
„ Comfort conditioning
„ MICO
„ Control room conditioning
„ Industrial Ventilation and cooling
„ Comfort conditioning
„ Exide
„ Rectifier room / charger room conditioning
„ Saint Gobain
„ Spot Cooling
„ ABB
„ Industrial Ventilation & Comfort conditioning
„ Jindal Aluminium
„ Process Cooling
„ Compressors pre cooling
„ Sun Pharma
„ Glenmark Pharma
„ Taj West End
One of the Installations
 Product endorsement…

„ TERI (Tata Energy Research Institute) has

conducted a detailed research and brought out
its report vide document DCS 001 (in
collaboration with GTZ and EMC)
„ TERI, confirms the Energy savings potential of HMX
Ambiator.
„ PCRA – papers have been presented during
various workshops/seminars at PCRA.
 a few of the links…
„ www.greendesign.net
„ www.epbl.lbl.gov
„ www.socalgas.com
„ www.energy.ca.gov
„ www.oikos.com
„ www.eande.lbl.gov
„ www.p2library.nfesc.navy.mil
„ www.epa.gov
„ www.dtic.mil
„ www.eren.doe.gov
„ www.fsec.ucf.edu
 how to reach us…
Sumaya HMX Systems Ltd.,
A-422, 1st Cross, 1st Stage
Peenya Industrial Estate,
Bangalore 560 058.

Ph.: 91 80 2372 1065 / 2372 2325

Fax: 91 80 2372 2326
E-mail : ambiator@hmx.biz

Website : www.hmx.biz