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What is the relationship between history and geography?
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Sanjeev Nalavade
Answered November 5, 2017
What is the relationship between history and geography?
History and Geography are very closely related.Geography is an areal science that deals with
lands,oceans,atmosphere,people,cultures and earth phenomena,with reference to space and
time.History is the study of past with the help of written documents.
Many Historical events have geographical linkages.Geographical factors have had impacts on history.e.g.
the Himalayas have always acted as a natural barrier for the Indian Subcontinent,thereby developing a
distinct
culture & history for the region.The only (relatively)easy land route for entering the Indian Subcontinent
in the past was the Khyber Pass,hence most invasions in the region had been from that direction
only,changing the history of the whole Subcontinent. Foe establishing their colonies in the interior of
Africa,the European explorers used the rivers as a mode of penetration into the interior,e.g River
Congo.Every historical event has taken place in/at a geographical location.Hence many historical events
have been titled after the associated geographical locations.e.g.the Treaty of Versailles,the Normandy
invasion,the Iraq war etc.
While studying Geography,especially Human Geography,we need to refer to past periods every now and
then,to understand temporal changes, for comparisons between past & present situations, changing
interactions between human societies and nature over a time period,changes in physical
factors/conditions like climate,river course, erosional activities etc.This is where History comes into
picture. Many historical documents provide us insight/information about past flooding events, droughts
during ancient times,& past climates.
Map is an important tool for studying not only Geography,but also History.
Expansion and contraction of past empires,limits of ancient civilizations,routes of past human
migrations, studies of battles and wars and so many other historical events & phenomena can be best
understood using maps.