SAMAR COLLEGE

Catbalogan City
W. Samar, Philippines 6700
(Tel. No. 055-543-8381

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
A.Y. 2021-2022 – First Semester

Instructor : Michael M. Artizo

Subject : Prof. Ed. 102 – The Teaching Profession
A.Y. 2021-2022 : First Semester

CHAPTER 4: THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF TEACHING

Learning Objectives:
At the end of the chapter, students are expected to:

1. Compare the PD 1006 and RA 7836, laws that professionalized teaching;

2. Explain how the amendments in RA 9293 support the teaching profession;
3. Demonstrate deep appreciation for the professionalization of teaching and for the
teaching profession itself; and
4. relate the impact of the professionalization of teaching on your future life a full-
pledged professional teacher.

LESSON 1: BASIC LAWS ON THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF TEACHING

On January 1, 1977, Presidential Decree 1006, entitled Providing for the

Professionalization of Teachers, Regulating Their Practice in the Philippines, otherwise known
as the Decree of Professionalizing Teaching was proclaimed. With this presidential
proclamation, teaching became professionalized in the Philippines. The proclamation of PD 1006
was premised on the following:
1. The institution of the country have relied upon teachers whose direct and continuing
interaction with the young people and the children make them potent forces for the development
of proper attitudes among the citizenry;
2. There is a tremendous growth of the teaching population, comprising in the civil
service sector alone more than 300, 000 teachers deployed all over the country;
3. To insure that in the immediacy and urgency of teacher recruitment, qualitative
requirements are not overlooked, it has become necessary to regulate the teaching profession;
4. Teaching requires a number of years of collegiate study, it is the only course that it is
not yet considered a profession; and
5. In recognition of the vital role of teachers in nation-building and as an incentive to
raise the morale of teachers, it is imperative that they be considered as professionals and teaching
be recognized as a profession.” (PD 1006).

Despite the professionalization of teaching in 1977 by virtue of PD 1006, the quality of

education in the country appeared not to have improved. The findings of the 1991 Congressional
Commission affirmed the continuously deteriorating quality of education in the country. The
Congressional Commission to Review and Assess Philippine Education (EDCOM) came out
with the finding that the “quality of Philippine education is declining” and that the teachers are”
at the heart of the problem.” The EDCOM found, among others, that:
- Teachers are poorly trained;
- There is low quality of students enrolled in teacher training; and
- Teaching is perceived as a poorly esteemed profession.

These show that teaching does not attract the best as mandated in the Philippine Constitution
that “teaching will attract and retain its rightful share of the best available talents through
adequate remuneration and other means of job satisfaction and fulfillment (Article XIV, Section
4 (5).
 In 1994 another law on teachers’ professionalization namely Republic Act No. 7836 known
as Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994 was enacted. Like PD 1006, this law
recognized the vital role of teachers in nation building.

The act created the Board for Professional Teachers, a collegial body under the general
supervision and administrative control of the Professional Regulation Commission, that gives the
Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET). Passers of the LET are granted license to teach.

To support further the move to get “the best and the brightest” for the teaching profession,
some significant provisions of RA 7836 were amended by RA 9293.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO 1006

PROVIDING FOR THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF TEACHERS,

REGULATING THEIR PRACTICE IN THE PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES.

WHEREAS, the Constitution provides that “All educational institutions shall be under the
supervision of; and subject to regulation by, the State”, and requires that “the State shall establish
and maintain a complete, adequate and integrated system of education relevant to the goals of
national development”;

WHEREAS, in the pursuit on these objectives, the Department of Education and Culture has
adopted ways and means of overseeing all the educational institutions in the country;

WHEREAS, this supervisory function of the DEC has been primarily beamed towards insuring
that the educational institutions inculcate in the studentry love of the country, teach the duties of
citizenship, and develop moral character, personal discipline, and scientific, technological and
vocational efficiency;

WHEREAS, to implement these objectives, the institutions have relied upon their teachers whose
direct and continuing interaction with the young people and the children make them potent forces
for the development of proper attitudes among the citizenry;

WHEREAS, this accounts for the tremendous growth of the teaching population, comprising in
the civil service sector alone more than 300,000 teachers deployed all over the country;

WHEREAS, to insure that in the immediacy and urgency of teacher recruitment qualitative
requirements are not overlooked, it has become necessary to regulate the teaching profession;

WHEREAS, although teaching requires a number of years of collegiate study, it is the only
course that it is not yet considered a profession;

WHEREAS, in recognition of the vital role of teachers in nation-building and as an incentive to

raise the morale of teachers, it is imperative that they be considered as professionals and teaching
be recognized as a profession.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of

the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby decree and order:

Section 1. Title. This Decree shall be known as the Decree Professionalizing Teaching.

Section 2. Declaration of Policy. It is hereby declared a policy that teacher education shall be
given primary concern and attention by the government and shall be of the highest quality, and
strongly oriented to Philippine conditions and to the needs and aspirations of the Filipino people
even as it seeks enrichment from adoptable ideas and practices of other people.

Section 3. Definition of Terms. As used in this Decree, the following shall be construed as
follows:

(a) Teaching refers to the profession primarily concerned with the classroom instruction, at the
elementary and secondary levels, in accordance with the curriculum prescribed by National
Board of Education, whether on part-time or full-time basis in the public or private schools.

(b) Teachers refers to all persons engaged in teaching at the elementary and secondary levels,
whether on a full-time or part-time basis, including guidance counselors, school librarians,
industrial arts or vocational teachers and all other persons performing supervisory and/or
administrative functions in all schools in the aforesaid levels and legally qualified to practice
teaching under this Decree.

(c) Board refers to the National Board for Teachers duly constituted under this Decree.

Section 4. Creation of the National Board for Teachers. There is hereby created a National
Board for Teachers, hereinafter called the Board, to be composed of the following:

1) Secretary of Education and Culture

Co-Chairman
2) Chairman, Civil Service Commission
3) Commissioner, Professional Regulations Commission

4) Two members representing the private sector to be Member

appointed by the President

Section 5. Powers and Duties. The Board shall have the following powers and duties:

(a) Appoint a set of examiners for every examination who will determine and prepare the
contents of the Board examination for teachers, hereinafter referred to as examination, in the
elementary and secondary levels of instruction, to be held at least once a year;

(b) Determine and fix the places and dates of examination, appoint supervisors and room
examiners from among the employees of the Government who shall be entitled to a daily
allowance to be fixed by the Board for every examination day actually attended, use the
buildings and facilities of public and private schools for examination purposes, approve
applications to take examination, and approve the release of examination results;

(c) Look from time to time into the conditions affecting the practice of the teaching profession,
adopt such measures as may be deemed proper for the enhancement of said profession, and/or
maintenance of the professional standards and ethics;

(d) Issue, suspend, revoke, replace or reissue Professional Teachers Certificate, and administer
oaths;

(e) Appoint, subject to the provisions of existing laws, such officials and employees as are
necessary in the effective performance of its functions and responsibilities, prescribe their duties
and fix their compensation;

(f) Prescribe and collect examination and other fees as it may deem proper; and

(g) Promulgate rules and regulations, and exercise such other powers, functions and duties as
may be necessary to carry into effect the purposes of this Decree.
Section 6. Qualification requirements for examination applicants. No applicant shall be
admitted to take the examination unless, on the date of filing of the application, he shall have
complied with the following requirements:

(a) Except those who have been engaged in teaching as herein defined for at least five years in
schools in the Philippines not organized exclusively for nationals of a foreign country at the time
of the effectivity of this Decree, the applicant must be a citizen of the Philippines;

(b) That he is of good moral character;

(c) That he is free from any physical and/or mental defect which will incapacitate him to render
efficient service; and

(d) That he possesses the following minimum educational qualifications:

1) For teachers in the kindergarten and elementary grades, Bachelor’s degree in Elementary
Education (B.S.E.Ed.) or its equivalent;

2) For teachers of the secondary schools, Bachelor’s degree in Education or its equivalent with a
major and minor, or a Bachelor’s degree in Arts or Sciences with at least eighteen units in
professional education; and

3) For teachers of secondary vocational and two-year technical courses, Bachelor’s degree in the
field of specialization with at least eighteen units in professional education.

All applications shall be filed with an office or offices designated by the Board, preferably the
offices of the Civil Service Commission and the Department of Education and Culture.

These offices shall screen and approve such applications and issue the corresponding permits to
take the examination to qualify applicants.

Section 7. Appointment of examiners. The Board shall appoint a set of examiners for every
examination who are recognized authority in teacher education, and their names shall not be
disclosed until after the release of the results of the examination. They shall each receive as
compensation the sum of not less than P5.00 for each examinee as may be determined by the
Board but in no case shall each examiner receive more than P18,000 per examination. Any
examiner who is in the service of the Government shall receive the compensation herein
provided in addition to his salary.

Section 8. Scope of the examination. The examination shall consist of written tests, the scope of
which shall be determined by the Board, taking into consideration the teaching plan of the
schools legally constituted in the Philippines.

Section 9. Ratings in the examination. In order that a candidate may be deemed to have
successfully passed the examinations, he must have obtained a general average of at least 70 per
cent in all subjects, with no rating below 50 per cent in any subject.

Section 10. Report of the results of examination.  The examiners shall report the ratings obtained
by each candidate to the Board within 150 days after the last day of the examination, unless
extended by the latter.

Section 11. Issuance of Certificates. Teachers who have passed examinations given by the Civil
Service Commission or jointly by the Civil Service Commission and the Department of
Education and Culture shall be considered as having passed the board examinations for teachers.
The Board may consider their certificates of rating as certificates of eligibility or issue an
entirely new certificate upon registration of the teacher and payment of the corresponding fees.
This provision shall likewise apply to those teachers who have permanent appointment under the
Magna Carta For Public School Teachers and all others who may be qualified for registration as
professional teachers under this Decree.

Section 12. Registration. The Civil Service Commission shall, as an arm of the Board, register
holders of Professional Teacher Certificate which registration shall evidence that the registrant is
entitled to all the rights and privileges of a Professional Teacher until and unless the certificate is
suspended or canceled by the Board for just cause.

Section 13. Reissuance of revoked certificates and replacement of lost certificates.  The Board
may, for reason of equity and justice, and upon proper application therefor, issue another copy,
original or duplicate, upon payment of the required fee, of a certificate which has been revoked.
A new certificate to replace a lost, destroyed or mutilated certificate may be issued subject to the
rules of the Board.

Section 14. Registration by reciprocity. The Civil Service Commission shall, upon approval of

the Board, effect the registration, without examination, of a teacher validly registered under the
laws of any foreign state or country; Provided, That the requirements for registration in said
foreign state or country are substantially the same as those required and contemplated by this
Decree, and the laws of such foreign state or country allow citizens of the Philippines to practice
the profession on the same basis and grant the same privileges as the citizens or subjects of such
foreign state or country; Provided finally, That the applicant shall submit competent and
conclusive documentary evidence, confirmed by the Department of Foreign Affairs, showing
that his country’s existing laws permit citizens of the Philippines to practice teaching profession
under the rules and regulations governing citizens thereof.

Section 15. Prohibition.  Three years after the effectivity of this Decree, no person shall engage
in teaching and/or act as a teacher as defined in this Decree, whether in the public or private
elementary or secondary school, unless he is holder of a Professional Teacher Certificate or is
considered a Professional Teacher under this Decree.

Section 16. Penal Provision. Any person who shall practice the teaching without a valid
Professional Teacher Certificate, or any person presenting as his or her own the certificate of
another, or any person giving any false or forged evidence in order to obtain a Professional
Teacher Certificate or admission to an examination, or any person assuming himself as a
registered professional teacher or any person violating any provision of this Decree shall be
penalized by a fine of not less than One Thousand Pesos nor more than Five Thousand Pesos
with subsidiary imprisonment or to suffer an imprisonment of not less than six months nor more
than two years, or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the Court.

Section 17. Repealing Clause. All Acts, Decrees, Executive Orders, Administrative Orders,

rules and regulations or parts thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Decree are hereby
repealed or modified accordingly.

Section 18. Separability Clause. In case any provision of this Decree or any portion thereof is
declared unconstitutional by a competent court, other provisions shall not be affected thereby.

Section 19. Effectivity.  This Decree shall take effect January 1, 1977.

DONE in the City of Manila, this 22nd day of September, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen
hundred and seventy-six.

(Sgd.) FERDINAND E. MARCOS
President of the Philippines

By the President:
(Sgd.) JACOBO C. CLAVE
Presidential Executive Assistant

Source: Malacañang Records Office

Republic Act 7836: Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994

AN ACT TO STRENGTHEN THE REGULATION AND SUPERVISION OF THE
PRACTICE OF TEACHING IN THE PHILIPPINES AND PRESCRIBING A
LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR TEACHERS AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES.

SECTION 1. Short Title. — This Act shall be known as the “Philippine Teachers

Professionalization Act of 1994.”

Sec. 2. Statement of Policy. — The State recognizes the vital role of teachers in nation-
building and development through a responsible and literate citizenry.Towards this end,
the State shall ensure and promote quality education by proper supervision and regulation
of the licensure examination and professionalization of the practice of the teaching
profession.cralaw

Sec. 3. Objectives. — This Act has the herein objectives:

    (a) The promotion, development and professionalization of teachers and the teaching
profession; and
    (b) The supervision and regulation of the licensure examination.

Sec. 4. Definition of Terms. — For purposes of this Act, the following terms shall mean:

    (a) “Teaching” — refers to the profession concerned primarily with classroom
instruction, at the elementary and secondary levels in accordance with the curriculum
prescribed by the Department of Education, Culture and Sports, whether on part-time or
full-time basis in the private or public schools.
    (b) “Teachers” — refers to all persons engaged in teaching at the elementary and
secondary levels, whether on full-time or part-time basis, including industrial arts or
vocational teachers and all other persons performing supervisory and/or administrative
functions in all schools in the aforesaid levels and qualified to practice teaching under
this Act.
   (c) “Board” — refers to the Board for Professional Teachers duly established and
constituted under this Act.
   (d) “Commission” — refers to the Professional Regulation Commission.

ARTICLE II
BOARD FOR PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS

Sec. 5. Creation and Composition of the Board. — There is hereby created under this
Act a Board for Professional Teachers, hereinafter called the Board, a collegial body
under the general supervision and administrative control of the Professional Regulation
Commission, hereinafter referred to as the Commission, composed of five (5) members
who shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines from among the
recommendees chosen by the Commission.The recommendees shall be chosen from the
list of nominees selected by the accredited association of teachers, who duly possess all
the qualifications prescribed in Section 8 of this Act.

The chairman and the voice-chairman of the Board shall be appointed from these five (5)
members by the President: Provided, That the members of the first Board appointed
under this Act shall be automatically registered as professional teachers and issued with
the certificate of registration and professional license upon payment of the fees for
examination, registration, and other fees prescribed by the Commission.

Sec. 6. Duties and Function of the Board. — The Board shall have the following duties
and functions:

    (a) Promulgate, administer and enforce rules and regulations necessary for carrying out
the provisions of this Act in accordance with the charter of the Professional Regulation
Commission;
     (b) Determine and fix the frequency, dates, and places of examination, appoint
supervisors, proctors, and other personnel as needed who shall be entitled to a daily
allowance to be fixed by the Board for every examination day actually attended, use
buildings and facilities of public or private schools for examination purposes;
    (c) Issue, suspend, or revoke the certificate of registration for the practice of the
teaching profession;
    (d) Prescribe and collect examination and other fees as it may deem proper;
    (e) Prescribe and/or adopt a code of ethical and professional standards for the practice
of the teaching profession.Such ethical standards, rules and regulations to take effect
sixty (60) days after its publication in the Official Gazette or in any newspaper of general
circulation;
    (f) Administer oaths in connection with the administration of this Act;
   (g) Supervise and regulate the registration, licensure and practice of professional
teachers in the Philippines;
    (h) Adopt an official seal of the Board;cralaw
    (i) Look into the conditions affecting the practice of the teaching profession and
whenever necessary, adopt such measures as may be deemed proper for the enhancement
and maintenance of high professional and ethical standards of the profession;
    (j) Ensure that all educational institutions offering elementary and secondary education
comply with the essential requirements for curricula, faculty and facilities for the
elementary and secondary levels;
    (k) Investigate such violations of this Act, the rules and the code of ethical and
professional standards for professional teachers as it may come to the knowledge of the
Board, and for this purpose, to issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum to secure the
appearance of witnesses and the production of documents in connection therewith; and
    (l) Discharge such other powers, duties and functions as the Board may deem
necessary for the practice of the teaching profession and the upgrading, enhancement,
development and growth of education in the Philippines.

Sec. 7. Term of Office. — The members of the Board shall hold office for a term of
three (3) years from the date they assume office: Provided, That the first appointees to the
Board under this Act shall hold office according to the following terms: one (1) member
shall serve for one (1) year; one (1) member for two (2) years; the chairman, vice-
chairman, and one (1) member for three (3) years. Vacancies shall be served for the
unexpired term only. No person who has served for two (2) consecutive terms shall be
eligible for reappointment.Appointment to fill an unexpired term shall be considered an
appointment to a complete term.
The chairman or any member shall take his oath of office prior to the performance of his
duties.

Sec. 8. Qualification of Board Members. — Each Board member must at the time of his
appointment:

    (a) Be a citizen and resident of the Philippines;

    (b) Be at least thirty-five (35) years of age, of proven integrity, and possessed of high
moral values in his personal as well as professional conduct and has not been convicted
of any offense involving moral turpitude;
    (c) Be a holder of the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science in Education
and preferably a holder of a master’s or doctorate degree in education, or their
equivalents, from a university, school, college, academy or institute duly constituted,
recognized and/or accredited by the Philippine government;
    (d) Be a professional teacher with a valid certificate of registration and valid
professional license, save those members who shall compose the first Board for
Professional Teachers;
    (e) Has been a professional teacher in the active practice of the teaching profession for
at least ten (10) years in the elementary and secondary level; and
    (f) Not be an official or member of the faculty of, nor have pecuniary interest in any
university, college, school, or institution conferring a bachelor’s degree in education or
its equivalents for at least three (3) years prior to his appointment, and neither connected
with a review center or with any group or association where review classes or lectures in
preparation for the licensure examination are offered or conducted.

Provided, however,That, the membership to the Board shall be evenly distributed to

cover all levels of education, including equitable representation of the different fields of
specialization.

Sec. 9. Compensation of the Board. — The chairman, vice-chairman, and members of

the Board shall receive compensation comparable to the compensation received by
existing regulatory boards under the Professional Regulation Commission, computed on
the basis of the number of examinees/candidates.

Sec. 10. Supervision of the Board and Custodian of its Records. — The Board shall be
under the supervision and control of the Commission. All records, including applications
for examination, examination papers and results, minutes of deliberation, administrative
cases and investigative cases and investigations involving professional teachers shall be
kept by the Commission.

Sec. 11. Secretariat and Support Services. — The Professional Regulation

Commission, through its chairman, shall provide the secretariat and other support
services to implement effectively the provisions of this Act.cralaw

Sec. 12. Removal of a Board Member. — The chairman or any member of the Board
may be removed by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation of the
Commission for neglect of duty, incompetence, unprofessional, unethical, immoral or
dishonorable conduct, commission or toleration of irregularities in the examination, after
having been given the opportunity to defend himself in a proper administrative
investigation.

In the course of investigation, the President may preventively suspend the respondent.
 ARTICLE III
EXAMINATION AND REGISTRATION

Sec. 13. Examination, Registration and License Required. — Except as otherwise

specifically allowed under the provisions of this Act, all applicants for registration as
professional teachers shall be required to undergo a written examination which shall be
given at least once a year in such places and dates as the Board may determine upon
approval by the Commission. A valid certificate of registration and a valid professional
license from the Commission are required before any person is allowed to practice as a
professional teacher in the Philippines, except as otherwise allowed under this Act.

Sec. 14. Scope of Examination. — The examinations for the elementary and secondary
school teachers shall be separate. The examination for teachers in the elementary level
shall consist of two (2) parts, namely: professional education and general education. The
examination for teachers in the secondary level shall consist of three (3) parts, namely:
professional education, general education, and field of specialization.

Sec. 15. Qualification Requirements of Applicants. — No applicant shall be admitted

to take the examination unless, on the date of filing of the application, he shall have
complied with the following requirements:

    (a) A citizen of the Philippines or an alien whose country has reciprocity with the
Philippines in the practice of the teaching profession;
    (b) At least eighteen (18) years of age;
    (c) In good health and of good reputation with high moral values;
    (d) Has not been convicted by final judgment by a court for an offense involving moral
turpitude;
    (e) A graduate of a school, college or university recognized by the government and
possesses the minimum educational qualifications, as follows:

        (1) For teachers in preschool, a bachelor’s degree in early childhood education
(BECED) or its equivalent;
        (2) For teachers in the elementary grades, a bachelor’s degree in elementary
education (BSEED) or its equivalent;
        (3) For teachers in the secondary grades, a bachelor’s degree in education or its
equivalent with a major and minor, or a bachelor’s degree in arts and sciences with at
least ten (10) units in professional education; and
        (4) For teachers of vocational and two-year technical courses, a bachelor’s degree in
the field of specialization or its equivalent, with at least eighteen (18) units in
professional education.

Sec. 16. Report of the Results of the Examination. — The Board shall, within one
hundred twenty (120) days after the examination, report the ratings obtained by each
candidate to the Professional Regulation Commission for approval and appropriate
action.

Sec. 17. Issuance of Certificate of Registration and Professional License. — The

registration of a professional teacher commences from the date his name is enrolled in the
roster of professional teachers.

Every registrant who has satisfactorily met all the requirements specified in this Act shall,
upon payment of the registration fee, be issued a certificate of registration as a
professional teacher bearing the full name of the registrant with serial number and date of
issuance signed by the chairman of the Commission and the chairman, vice-chairman,
and members of the Board, stamped with the official seal, as evidence that the person
named therein is entitled to practice the profession with all the rights and privileges
appurtenant thereto. The certificate shall remain in full force and effect until withdrawn,
suspended and/or revoked in accordance with law.cralaw

A professional license signed by the chairman of the Commission and bearing the
registration number and date of issuance thereof and the month of expiry or renewability
shall likewise be issued to every registrant who has paid the annual registration fees for
three (3) consecutive years. This license shall serve as evidence that the licensee can
lawfully practice his profession until the expiration of its validity.

Sec. 18. Oath Before Practice. — Every registrant shall be required to take his
professional oath before practicing as a professional teacher.

Sec. 19. Periodic Merit Examination of Teachers. — To encourage continuing

professional growth and development and to provide additional basis for merit
promotion, in addition to their performance rating, teachers may take an oral and written
examination at least once in five (5) years as basis for merit promotion. In taking this
examination, no fee shall be required.

Sec. 20. Failure to Pass the Merit Examination. — If a teacher fails to pass the merit
examination, he or she shall be allowed to take the examination for a second time. Should
he or she fail to pass the merit examination for the second time, then he or she shall be
required to take a DECS accredited refresher course or program before being allowed to
retake the examination.

Failure of any permanent teacher to pass the merit examination shall not, however, be
used as a ground for his/her dismissal or demotion.

Sec. 21. Incentives. — Teachers who pass the merit examination shall:

    (a) Be awarded a diploma of merit by the Board;

    (b) Earn merit points for purposes of promotion in salary or to a higher position or
grade level;
    (c) Be placed in the priority list for government scholarship; and
    (d) Enjoy such other benefits as may be promulgated by the Board.

Similar incentives shall be given to teachers who make inventions, develop new methods
of teaching, write a book or books and create works of artistic merit.

Sec. 22. Integration of the Teaching Profession. — The teaching profession shall be

integrated into one national organization which shall be recognized by the Board and the
Commission as the one and only integrated and accredited association of professional
teachers. Upon registration with the Board, every professional teacher shall be
encouraged to become a member of the integrated national organization. Those who have
been registered with the Board but are not members of the said integrated organization
shall be allowed to register as members of the said integrated organization within three
(3) years after the effectivity of this Act. Membership in the integrated organization shall
not be a bar to membership in other associations of the teaching profession. The
professional teachers shall receive the benefits and privileges appurtenant to their
membership in the said integrated and accredited organization of professional teachers
only upon payment of the required membership fees and dues.

Sec. 23. Revocation of the Certificate of Registration, Suspension from the Practice

of the Teaching Profession, and Cancellation of Temporary or Special Permit. —
The Board shall have the power, after due notice and hearing, to suspend or revoke the
certificate of registration of any registrant, to reprimand or to cancel the
temporary/special permit of a holder thereof who is exempt from registration, for any of
the following causes:

    (a) Conviction for any criminal offense by a court of competent jurisdiction;
    (b) Immoral, unprofessional or dishonorable conduct;
    (c) Declaration by a court of competent jurisdiction for being mentally unsound or
insane;
    (d) Malpractice, gross incompetence, gross negligence or serious ignorance of the
practice of the teaching profession;
    (e) The use of or perpetration of any fraud or deceit in obtaining a certificate of
registration, professional license or special/temporary permit;
    (f) Chronic inebriety or habitual use of drugs; cralaw
    (g) Violation of any of the provisions of this Act, the rules and regulations and other
policies of the Board and the Commission, and the code of ethical and professional
standards for professional teachers; and
    (h) Unjustified or willful failure to attend seminars, workshops, conferences and the
like or the continuing education program prescribed by the Board and the Commission.

The decision of the Board to revoke or suspend a certificate may be appealed to the
regional trial court of the place where the Board holds office within fifteen (15) days
from receipt of the said decision or of the denial of the motion for reconsideration filed in
due time.

Sec. 24. Registration by Reciprocity. — No teacher of a foreign nationality shall be

admitted to the examination, or be given a certificate of registration or be entitled to any
of the rights and privileges provided under this Act; unless the country or state of which
he is a subject permits Filipino professional teachers to practice within its territorial limits
on the same basis as subjects or citizens of said country or state: Provided, that the
requirements of certification of teachers with said foreign state or country are
substantially the same as those required and contemplated under this Act: Provided,
further, That the laws of such state or country grant the same privilege to Filipino
professional teachers on the same basis as the subject or citizens of such foreign country
or state.
Sec. 25. Roster of Professional Teachers. — A roster of professional teachers
containing the names and addresses of professional teachers, date of registration or
issuance of certificate, and other data which in the opinion of the Board may appear
pertinent shall be maintained. Copies of the roster shall be provided by the Commission
to the Board, the Department of Education, Culture and Sports, and the integrated and
accredited organization of professional teachers.

Sec. 26. Registration and Exception. — Two (2) years after the effectivity of this Act,
no person shall engage in teaching and/or act as a professional teacher as defined in this
Act, whether in the preschool, elementary or secondary level, unless he is a duly
registered professional teacher, and a holder of a valid certificate of registration and a
valid professional license or a holder of a valid special/temporary permit.

Upon approval of the application and payment of the prescribed fees, the certificate of
registration and professional license as a professional teacher shall be issued without
examination as required in this Act to a qualified applicant, who at the time of the
approval of this Act, is:

    (a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil Service
Commission and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports; orcralaw
    (b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers under the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant to Presidential Decree
No. 1006; or
    (c) Not qualified under paragraphs one and two but with any of the following
qualifications. to wit:

        (1) An elementary or secondary teacher for five (5) years in good standing and a
holder of Bachelor of Science in Education or its equivalent; or
        (2) An elementary or secondary teacher for three (3) years in good standing and a
holder of a master’s degree in education or its equivalent.

Provided, That they shall be given two (2) years from the organization of the Board for
professional teachers within which to register and be included in the roster of
professional teachers: Provided, further, That those incumbent teachers who are not
qualified to register without examination under this Act or who, albeit qualified, were
unable to register within the two-year period shall be issued a five-year temporary or
special permit from the time the Board is organized within which to register after passing
the examination and complying with the requirements provided this Act and be included
in the roster of professional teachers: Provided, furthermore, That those who have failed
the licensure examination for professional teachers shall be eligible as para-teachers and
as such, shall be issued by the Board a special or temporary permit, and shall be assigned
by the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) to schools as it may
determine under the circumstances.

ARTICLE IV
PROVISIONS RELATIVE TO THE PRACTICE OF THE TEACHING
PROFESSION

\Sec. 27. Inhibition Against the Practice of the Teaching Profession. — Except as

otherwise allowed under this Act, no person shall practice or offer to practice the
teaching profession in the Philippines or be appointed as teacher to any position calling
for a teaching position without having previously obtained a valid certificate of
registration and a valid professional license from the Commission.

Sec. 28. Penal Provisions. — The following shall be punishable by a fine of not less than
Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) nor more than Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) or
imprisonment of nor less than six (6) months nor more than five (5) years, or both, at the
discretion of the court:cralaw

    (a) Any person who practices the teaching profession in the Philippines without being
certified in accordance with the provisions of this Act;
    (b) Any person who represents or attempts to use as his own certificate of registration
that of another;
    (c) Any person who gives any false, or fraudulent evidence of any kind to the Board or
any member thereof in obtaining a certificate of registration as teacher;
    (d) Any person who impersonates any registrant of the same or different name;
    (e) Any person who uses a revoked or suspended certificate of registration;
    (f) Any person who, in connection with his name, otherwise assumes, uses or
advertises any title or description tending to convey or conveys the impression that he is a
teacher without holding a valid certificate; and
    (g) Any person who violates or who abets the violation of any of the provisions of this
Act.

The penalty of fine or imprisonment or both, as provided in this section, shall also apply
to any school official who shall cause or be responsible for the commission of any of the
above-enumerated acts.

Sec. 29. Appropriations. — Such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions
of this Act shall be included in the 1996 General Appropriations Act and thereafter.

Sec. 30. Implementing Guidelines. — The Board shall formulate and adopt the
necessary guidelines for the effective implementation of the provisions of this Act within
sixty (60) days of its approval.cralaw

The Board shall submit to both Committees on Education, Arts, and Culture; and the
Committees on Civil Service and Professional Regulation of the Senate and House of
Representatives, copies of the implementing rules and guidelines within thirty (30) days
after its promulgation.

Any violation of this section shall render the official/s concerned liable under Republic
Act No. 6713, otherwise known as the “Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for
Public Officials and Employees” and other pertinent administrative and/or penal laws.

Sec. 31. Transitory Provision. — All incumbent teachers in both the public and private
sector not otherwise certified as professional teachers by virtue of this Act, shall be given
(5) years temporary certificates from the time the Board for Professional Teachers is
organized within which to qualify as required by this Act and be included in the roster of
professionals.

Provided, however, That the Professional Board Examination for Teachers (PBET) shall
still be administered by the Civil Service Commission and the Department of Education,
Culture and Sports for the year 1995.cralaw

Sec. 32. Separability Clause. — If, for any reason, any section or provision of this Act
or the application of such section or provision to any person or circumstance is declared
unconstitutional or invalid, no other section or provision of this Act shall be affected
thereby.

Sec. 33. Repealing Clause. — All laws, presidential decrees, executive orders, rules and
regulations or parts thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby
repealed or modified accordingly.
Sec. 34. Effectivity Clause. — This Act shall take effect after fifteen (15) days following
its complete publication in the Official Gazette or in two (2) newspapers of general
circulation.
Signed: December 16, 1994

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9293

AN ACT AMENDING CERTAIN SECS OF REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED SEVENTY-

EIGHT HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SIX (R.A. NO. 7836), OTHERWISE KNOWN AS
THE “PHILIPPINE TEACHERS PROFESSIONALIZATION ACT OF 1994”

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress

assembled:

SECTION 1. Section 15, (e) (3) of Republic Act No. 7836 is hereby amended as follows:

“SEC. 15. Qualification Requirements of Applicants. – No applicant shall be admitted to take the

examination unless, on the date of filing of the application, he shall have complied with the
following requirements:

“(e) A graduate of a school, college or university recognized by the government and possesses
the minimum educational qualifications, as follows:

(1) For teachers in preschool, a bachelor’s degree in early childhood education (BECED) or its
equivalent;

(2) For teachers in the elementary grades, a bachelor’s degree in elementary education (BSEED)
or its equivalent;

(3) For teachers in the secondary grades, a bachelor’s degree in education or its equivalent with a
major and minor, or a bachelor degree in arts and sciences with at least eighteen (18) units in
professional education; and

(4) For teachers of vocational and two-year technical courses, a bachelor’s degree in the field of
specialization or its equivalent, with at least eighteen (18) units in professional education.”

SEC 2. Section 26 of the same Act is hereby amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 26. Registration and Exception. – No person shall engage in teaching and/or act as a
professional teacher as defined in this Act, whether in the preschool, elementary or secondary
level, unless the person is a duly registered professional teacher, and a holder of a valid
certificate of registration and a valid professional license or a holder of a valid special/temporary
permit.

Upon approval of the application and payment of the prescribed fees, the certificate of
registration and professional license as a professional teacher shall be issued without
examination as required in this Act to a qualified applicant, who is:

(a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil Service Commission
and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports; or

(b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers under the Department
of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1006.

Professional teachers who have not practiced their profession for the past five (5) years shall take
at least twelve (12) units of education courses, consisting of at least six (6) units of pedagogy and
six (6) units of content courses, or the equivalent training and number of hours, to be chosen
from a list of courses to be provided by the Board and the Department of Education, before they
can be allowed to practice their profession in the country.
Those who have failed the licensure examination for professional teachers, with a rating of not
lower than five percentage points from the passing general average rating, shall be eligible as
para-teachers upon issuance by the Board of a two-year special permit, renewable for a non-
extendible period of two (2) years. The para-teachers shall be assigned to areas where there is a
shortage or absence of a professional teacher, as identified and provided by the Department of
Education and the Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) education department to
the Board for professional teachers and to the Commission. The special permit shall indicate the
area of assignment of the para-teacher.

A special permit may also be issued by the Board to a person who has excelled and gained
international recognition and is a widely acknowledged expert in his or her respective field of
specialization.”

SEC 3. Section 31 of the same Act is hereby amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 31. Transitory Provision. – Special permits, with a validity of three (3) and five (5) years,
issued to para-teachers by the Board for Professional Teachers before the effectivity of this Act
shall be allowed to expire based on the period granted therein: Provided, That only special
permits with a validity of three (3) years may be renewed upon expiration for a non-extendible
period of two (2) years.”

SEC 4. References to the term “Department of Education, Culture and Sports”, in section 4 (a)
and section 25, and the term “DECS” in section 20, of the same Act, are hereby amended to read
as “Department of Education” and “DepEd”, respectively.

SEC 5. Separability Clause. – If, for any reason, any section or provision of this Act or the
application of such section or provision to any person or circumstance is declared
unconstitutional or invalid, no other section or provision of this Act shall be affected thereby.

SEC 6. Repealing Clause. – All laws, decrees, circulars, administrative orders, rules and
regulations, and other issuances which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby
repealed or modified accordingly.

SEC 7. Effectivity. – This Act shall take effect upon approval.

Approved,

(Sgd.) JOSE DE VENECIA JR.

Speaker of the House (Sgd.) FRANKLIN M. DRILON
of Representatives President of the Senate

This Act, which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 2698 and House Bill No. 5411 was finally
passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives on February 6, 2004 and February 7,
2004, respectively.

(Sgd.) ROBERTO P. NAZARENO

Secretary General (Sgd.) OSCAR G. YABES
House of Representatives Secretary of the Senate

Approved: APR 21 2004
ACTIVITY 1: Let’s Compare!

Direction: Compare PD 1006 and RA 7836 along the following items.

ITEM PD 1006 RA 7836

1. Definition of Teacher Teachers refers to all persons Teachers”  refers to all
engaged in teaching at the persons engaged in teaching at
elementary and secondary the elementary and secondary
levels, whether on full-time levels, whether on full-time or
or part-time basis, including part-time basis, including
guidance counselors, school industrial arts or vocational
librarians, industrial arts or teachers and all other persons
vocational teachers and all performing supervisory and/or
other persons performing administrative functions in all
supervisory and/or schools in the aforesaid levels
administrative functions in all and qualified to practice
schools in the aforesaid teaching under this !ct.
levels and legally qualied
to practice teaching under
this Decree
2. Teachers’ Examination The examination shall consist The examination for teachers
of written tests, the scope of in the elementary level shall
which shall be determined by consist of two (2) parts,
the board,taking into namely: professional
consideration the teaching education and general
plan of the schools legally education and the examination
constituted in the Philippines. for teachers in the secondary
level shall consist of three (3)
parts, namely: professional
education, general education,
and field of specialization.
2.1 Scope of Examination Scope of Examination The The examination for teachers
examination shall consist of in the elementary level shall
written tests, the scope of consist of two (2) parts,
which shall be determined by namely: professional
the Board, taking into education and general
consideration the teaching education and the examination
plan of the schools legally for teachers in the secondary
constituted in the Philippines. level shall consist of three (3)
parts, namely: professional
education, general education,
and field of specialization.
2.2 Qualification No applicant shall be No applicant shall be admitted
Requirements for Examinees admitted to take the to take the examination
examination unless, on the unless, on the date of filing of
date of filing of the the application, he shall have
application, he shall have complied with the following
complied with the following requirements: (a) A citizen of
requirements: (a) Except the Philippines or an alien
those who have been engaged whose country has reciprocity
in teaching as herein defined with the Philippines in the
for at least five years in practice of the teaching
 school sin the Philippines not profession; (b) At least
organized exclusively for eighteen (18) years of age;
nationals of a foreign country (c)In good health and of good
at the time of the effectivity reputation with high moral
of this Decree, the applicant values; (d) Has not been
must be citizen of the convicted by final judgment
Philippines; (b) That he is of by a court for an offense
good moral character; (c) involving moral turpitude; €A
That he is free from any graduate of a school, college
physical and/or mental defect or university recognized by
which will incapacitate him the government and possesses
to render efficient service; the minimum educational
and (d) That he possesses the qualifications, as follows:
following minimum (1)For teachers in preschool, a
educational qualifications: 1) bachelor’s degree in early
For teachers in the childhood education(BECED)
kindergarten and elementary or its equivalent For teachers
grades, Bachelor’s degree in in the elementary grades, a
Elementary Education bachelor's degree in
(B.S.E.Ed.) or its equivalent; elementary
2) For teachers of the education(BSEED) or its
secondary schools, equivalent;(3) For teachers in
Bachelor’s degree in the secondary grades, a
Education or its equivalent bachelor’s degree in education
with a major and minor, or a or its equivalent with a major
Bachelor degree in education and minor, or a bachelor's
or its equivalent with a major degree in arts and sciences
and minor or bachelor degree with at least ten (10) units in
in art or sciences with at least professional education; and(4)
18 units and professional For teachers of vocational and
education and teacher of two-year technical The
secondary vocational and qualification requirements for
two-year technical courses examinees in the PD 1006and
bachelor's degree in the field RA 7836 are almost the same.
or specialization with at least However, there was are vision
18 units and frictional on the qualification.
education .
2.3 Rating Obtained a general average In PD 1006, in order that
of at least 70 per cent in all candidate may be deemed to
subjects, with no rating have successfully passed the
below 50 per cent in any examinations, he must have
subject . obtained a general average of
at least 70 per cent in all
subjects, with no rating
below50 per cent in any
subject
2.4 Report of results 150 days of the last day the 120 days of the examination.
examination.
3. National Board of (NBT) was directly under the The Board for Professional
Teachers supervision of the Civil Teachers is a collegial body
Service Commission. The under the general supervision
NBT was the first board to and administrative control of
exercise regulatory exercise the Professional
over the teaching RegulationCommission.The
professional regulation and licensing of
teachers was transferred to the
PRC through the enactment of
 republic act no. 7836.
4. The Board for Professional The transferred to the PRC The Board for Professional
Teachers through the enactment of organized the National Board
1006 on September 22, 1976 for Teachers exercise over the
formally Teachers NBT was teaching profession.
the first board to exercise
regulatory Republic Act No.
7836. The Board for
Professional organized the
National Board for Teachers
exercise over the teaching
profession.
5. Causes of revocation of Causes of revocation of A conviction for any criminal
certificate/license certificate/license were not Offense by a court of
included in this degree competent jurisdiction;
(b)Immoral, unprofessional or
dishonorable conduct;
(c)Declaration by a court of
competent jurisdiction for
being mentally unsound or
insane; (d) Malpractice, gross
incompetence, gross
negligence or serious
ignorance of the practice of
the teaching profession; €The
use of or perpetration of any
fraud or deceit in obtaining a
certificate of registration,
professional license or
special/temporary permit; (f)
Chronic inebriety or habitual
use of drugs;cralaw (g)
Violation of any of the
provisions of this Act, the
rules and regulations another
policies of the Board and the
Commission, and the code of
ethical and professional
standards for professional
teachers; and (h)Unjustified or
willful failure to attend
seminars, workshops,

ACTIVITY 2: Get to Know more!

1. What amendments to RA 7836 were made by RA 92 93 on the following aspects:

Number of units in professional education 18 units in professional education
required of non-education graduates
ARTICLE III section 26 registration and
exception no person shall engage in teaching
and or act as a professional teacher as defined
in this act in the preschool elementary or
Registration of those engaged in teaching
secondary level unless the person s a duly
without examination
registered professional teacher and a holder of
a valid certificate of registration and a valid
professional license or holder of a valid
special temporary permit.
 Required rating for para-teacher With a rating not lower than five percentage
point from the passing general average rating.

2. Other than para-teachers who else are entitled to a special merit?

 A special permit may also be issued by the board to a person who has excelled and
gained international and is a widely acknowledged expert in his or here respective field or
specialization.

3. What is required of teachers covered by Sec. 26 of RA 9293 who have not practiced their
profession for the past five years?
 Professional teachers who take note practice their professional for the past five years
shall take at least 12 units of education courses consisting of at least six units of
pedagogy and 6 unit of context courses or the equivalent training and number of hours to
be choose from list of course is to be provided by the board and the department of
education before they can be allowed to practice their professional in the country.

4. Who can be issued a license without examination?

 A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the civil services commission
and department of education culture and sports.
 A registered professional teacher with the national board for teachers under the
department of education culture and sports(DECS) First one to presidential decree
NO.1006

EVALUATION:

Direction: Answer the given questions.

1. Is teaching your first choice as a career? Why or Why not?

No, it maybe influential in my part but I grew up with a different environment. When I
was a kid I’ve always been dreaming of being a flight attendant.

2. What do you profess when you become a teacher?

A great teacher can get students reading, inspire a passion for languages, make math or
science fun, and turn history lessons into fun and exciting stories. For many teachers, one
of their simplest goals is to inspire their students to love learning.

3. What do you think are expected of a teacher as a professional?

Being a professional teacher means being knowledgeable and enthusiastic about one’s
materials, creating a supportive and respectful classroom environment, building authentic
relationships with and advocating for students, being organized and planning ahead,
remaining open to new ideas and continuing to learn.

4. Passing the LET is basic requirement to practice the teaching profession, do you
think quality education to learners is guaranteed? Explain your answer.
yes because it is important for a student to pass The let examination to become a
professional teacher.
 5. As stated in RA 7836, teachers have vital role in nation building, do you agree?
Justify your answer.
Agree, The teacher can be rightly called a nation builders. Teachers through their
Perseverance love and sacrifice have shown us.

6. If only licensed teachers can teach in all levels of basic education, therefore it’s
about time that contractual Senior High School Teachers should be replaced with
licensed teacher applicants?
No, RA 7836 states that no person shall practice or offer to practice the teaching
profession in the Philippines or be appointed as teacher to any position calling for a
teaching position without having previously obtained a valid certificate and a valid
license from the Commission.

Submitted by:
_____________________________________
Student
Subject Code: _________________________