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Materi KD 3.3

The document discusses the key features of descriptive text, including its structure, social function, and language features. It notes that descriptive text has two main parts: identification and description. It aims to describe a particular person, place or thing. Key language features include using relational processes like "be" and "have", simple present tense, descriptive adjectives, and detailed noun phrases.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
95 views4 pages

Materi KD 3.3

The document discusses the key features of descriptive text, including its structure, social function, and language features. It notes that descriptive text has two main parts: identification and description. It aims to describe a particular person, place or thing. Key language features include using relational processes like "be" and "have", simple present tense, descriptive adjectives, and detailed noun phrases.

Uploaded by

Nurshafa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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English Learning Material

KD : 3.3
Topic : Descriptive Text

What is Descriptive Text??

Descriptive Text is a kind of text with a purpose to give


information. The context of this kind of text is the description of
particular thing, animal, person, or others, for instance: our pets
or a person we know well. It differs from Report which describes
things, animals, persons, or others in general.

What is the social Function of Descriptive Text?

The Social Function of Descriptive Text is to describe a particular person, place, or


thing. (Linda Gerot, Peter Wignell, 'Making Sense of Functional Grammar',1994)

What is the generic structure of Descriptive Text+


The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text consists of
Identification and Description.

Identification: Identifies phenomenon to be described.

Description: Describes parts, qualities, characteristics, etc.

(Jenny Hammond 'English for Special Purposes', 1992)

What are the language features of Descriptive Text?

The language features of Descriptive Texts often uses 'be' and 'have'. Tense which is
often used is Simple Present Tense. However, some times it uses Past tense if the thing
to be described doesn't exist anymore. Significant Grammatical Features:
- Focus on specific participants (My English teacher, Andini's cat, My favourite place)
- Use of Simple Present TenseUse of Simple Past Tense if Extinct.
- Verbs of being and having 'Relational Processes'. (My mum is really cool, She has long
black hair)
- Use of descriptive adjectives (strong legs, white fangs)
- Use of detailed Noun Phrase to give information about the subject. (a very beautiful
scenery, a sweet young lady, very thick fur)
- Use of action verbs 'Material Processes' (It eats grass, It runs fast)
- Use of adverbials to give additional information about behaviour (fast, at tree house)
- Use of Figurative language (John is as white as chalk.)

(Jenny Hammond 'English for Special Purposes', 1992)

Ada beberapa karakteristik yang dimiliki teks deskriptif yang meliputi tiga hal, struktur teks,
fungsi sosial dan ciri kebahasaan.

a) Struktur teks

Paling tidak terbagi dua bagian struktur, bagian Identifikasi dan Deskripsi. ▪ Identifikasi
memuat informasi umum tokoh, benda, binatang ataupun tempat yang akan dideskripsikan.
Informasi yang ditulis berupa nama, lokasi, profesi, ataupun jenis benda yang
dideskripsikan.

▪ Deskripsi memuat informasi yang lebih rinci yang mendeskripsikan kekhususan seperti ciri
fisik, ketinggian, kemegahan, keluasan, warna, usia, penemu, perancang, pembuat, tujuan
pembuatan, dan manfaat.

b) Tujuan atau fungsi sosial dari teks deskripsi antara lain:

▪ Memberikan informasi ciri ciri kekhususan dari objek yang dideskripsikan.


▪ Disamping memberikan informasi rinci tentang kekhususan dari objek yang dideskripsikan,
juga ditujukan agar bisa menemukan barang yang hilang atau menemukan orang yang tepat yang
belum sesuai dengan ciri ciri yang dideskripsikan.
c) Ciri – ciri kebahasaan:
▪ Hanya fokus pada satu objek deskripsi (Spesifik participant); objek yang unik yang hanya satu
satunya seperti: Pantai Losari, Borobudur the temple, Toba Lake, My Math Teacher, My cat,
Mesjid Si Pitung dsb.
▪ Penggunaan kata sifat sebagai penjelas kata benda yang dimaksud, semisal, a beautiful beach, a
handsome man, the famous place in jepara, dsb.
▪ Penggunaan simple present tense karena mendeskripsikan fakta-fakta dari objek yang
dideskripsikan.

▪ Penggunaan kata kerja yang menunjukan tindakan seperti run, sleep, walk, cut, have, become
etc.

Kata sifat adalah salah satu ciri kebahasaan yang sangat sering muncul dalam sebuah teks
desktiptif. Berikut ini merupakan penjelasan tambahan tentang Adjective atau kata sifat

Urutan penempatan adjective atau kata sifat dalam bahasa inggris dapat kita hafalkan dengan
melihat pada singkatan jenis adjective di bawah ini:
DOSASCOMP urutan adjective dalam bahasa Inggris

1. D = Determiner (the, a, an, some, dll)


2. O = Opinion (beautiful, rich, diligent, dll)

3. S = Size (big, small, long, dll)


4. A = Age (young, old, new)

5. S = Shape (round, fat, thin, dll)


6. C = Color (white, yellow, red, dll.

7. O = Origin (Italy, Indonesia, Malaysia, dll)


8. M = Material (rubber, plastic, cotton, dll)

9. P = Purpose (tennis, school, dll)


10. Kata Benda

Mari kita urutkan kata-kata sifat yang ada dalam frasa di atas:
Perempuan = Kata benda (letaknya terakhir = No. 10 setelah purpose)
Kaya = Kata Sifat = Opinion (No. 2)
Tua = Kata Sifat = Age (no. 4)
Jadi urutan yang benar adalah 2, 4, 10
Kaya, tua, perempuan = Rich old lady
Contoh lainnya:
I have a beautiful large house.
(Saya punya sebuah rumah besar yang cantik)
She has an expensive tennis racket.
(Dia punya raket tenis yang mahal)
Kalian juga bisa melihat penjelasan tambahan tentang adjective pada buku paketmu halaman 61-
64

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