Unit 1 – Design Principles and Application
for Construction and the Built Environment
Lecture 10 -
Intelligent Buildings
Contents
Building Intelligence
Intelligent and Green
IB at Work
IB at Home
1
Building Intelligence
Intelligent building (IB)
first coined in USA in early 1980s
its definition/model is evolving
automated buildings (1981-85)
responsive buildings (1986-91)
effective buildings (1992-)
development of IB
closely linked with computers and information
technology (IT)
but, IB high-tech building
Building Intelligence
Major IB features
automatic reactions (adjust internal conditions)
effective communication & IT management
responsiveness to changes
Integrated pyramid
single function/dedicated systems
multifunctional systems
integrated systems
computer integrated building
2
Building Intelligence
IB in Europe study
IB “… provides a responsive, effective and
supportive intelligent environment within which
the organization can achieve its business
objectives.” -- DEGW (1992)
3 main goals:
building management
space management
business management
Building Intelligence
“An intelligent building is one that doesn't
make the occupants look stupid.”
maximizes the efficiency of its occupants and
allows effective management of resource with
minimum life costs
more responsive to user needs and has the ability
to adapt to new technology or changes in the
organizational structures
3
Goals: Goals:
- building management - minimise environmental impact
- space management - use resource efficiently
- business management - be ecologically sound
- ensure healthy environment
Intelligent Green
Building Building
(IB) (GB)
Information Environmental
- building life cycle
Technology - efficient building systems Sustainability
- effective management & use
- integration
Intelligent and Green
Key issues for intelligent buildings
site (access, local amenities, car parking)
shell (thermal strategy, structure, floor layout)
skin (services strategy, solar control)
building services (HVAC, small power, cabling)
information technology (communication, space
management, network)
Criteria: business value/benfits, efficiency and
effectiveness
4
Intelligent and Green
Common objectives
responsive (to user needs / to climate)
efficient (building design & systems)
effective (operation & management)
better integration (with IT & within systems)
Trends
smart buildings and Internet connectivity
sustainability in business (quantifying the benefits)
?
Smart Car Smart & Green Building
- light & compact - energy efficient
- low-drag design - use renewable energy
- fuel efficient - green building materials
- low emission - low environmental impact
- 95% recyclable - responsive to climate/site
- efficient accessories - responsive to user needs
- friendly factory - healthy environment
5
Making cars like we build houses?
IB@Work
Office space and commercial buildings
speculative offices (USA or European)
organizational/functional requirements
impact of IT and business strategy
Major systems
building automation system (BAS)
office automation system (OAS)
communication automation system (CAS)
6
IB@Work
Typical features
building control & energy management
lighting management
addressable fire alarm
structured cabling
voice/data/image communication
office automation
facility management & CAD system
multi-function cardkeys
Components
of a energy
management
system (EMS)
with direct
digital control
(DDC)
7
‘LonMark’
Protocols
‘BACnet’
Modern building automation systems
Integration controls network from different buildings
8
IB@Work
Current and future development
new ways of working
more interaction
more collaboration (physically or electronically)
more individual autonomy
new patterns of space use
more group spaces
more shared spaces
more space for concentration
more intermittent space use
Future office space (intelligent? green?)
9
IB@Home
Present technology
phones and intercoms
home automation
audio distribution (e.g. hi-fi speaker)
video distribution (e.g. TV)
video surveillance (e.g. security)
structured wiring
home theater, game station
IB@Home
Future home
home networking
Internet appliances
webcam, web phones
e-books, video walls
home office
virtual clinic/hospital
……
10
House_n: MIT Home of the Future
(http://architecture.mit.edu/house_n/)
‘Slinky House’ - Winning entry, Home of the Future
architectural design competition, Museum Victoria
11
‘Vegetal Houses’ - Honourable mention, Home of the Future
architectural design competition, Museum Victoria
12
