GOOD MORNING
METHODS OF
HEALTH EDUCATION
NAME – POOJA SHARMA
ROLL NO - 70/18
CONTENTS
1. Introduction 9. Workshop
2. Enumeration of methods 10.Conferences and seminars
3. Individual approach 11.Role playing/socio drama
4. Group approach 12.Demonstrations
5. Chalk and talk 13.Mass approach
6. Symposium 14.Mass media
7. Group discussions 15.Appendix
8. Panel discussion 16.Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
HEALTH EDUCATION –
• Any combination of learning experiences designed to help
individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing
their knowledge or influencing their attitudes.
• DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PROMOTION & EDUCATION in INDIA is
actively involved in teaching and training activities in the field of
health education and promotion; specially the techniques and
methods of health education.
METHODS OF HEALTH EDUCATION
Health education can be done targeting in mainly three ways :-
METHODS
Individual Group Mass
approach approach approach
1. INDIVIDUAL APPROCH
When an individual comes to the dental clinic or health centre because of
illness, he/she should be educated on matter of interest such as –
• Prevention
• Oral hygiene This approach can also be used by public
health personnel, since they will be visiting
• Beneficial diet homes and can interact with the individual
and their families.
etc.
ADVANTAGES – DISADVANTAGES –
• Can be done in a dentist's • Only small number can benefit
consultation room (two-way
communication). • Health education is given only
to those who come in contact
• Discussion, argument and with the dental surgeon or with
persuasion of an individual to public health personnel.
change his behaviour is possible.
• There is opportunity for the
individual for asking questions and
clearing doubts.
2. GROUP APPROCH - MEDIUMS
A. Chalk and talk E. Workshop
B. Symposium F. Conferences and seminars
C. Group discussions G. Role playing/socio drama
D. Panel discussion H. Demonstrations
A) CHALK AND TALK(LECTURE)
• LECTURE- carefully prepared oral presentation of facts, organized
thoughts and ideas by a qualified person with help of chalk and
board.
• CHARACTERISTICS OF LECTURE-
1. Should have an opening statement which gives
Disadvantage:
the theme of the lecture.
2. Group should not be more than 30 people. • One way
3. The duration of the talk should not exceed 15 to communication.
20 minutes.
4. Should be based on topic of current interest. • Learning is passive
5. Its effectiveness depends upon the ability of the
speaker to write and draw legibly.
B) SYMPOSIUM
• A series of speeches on a selected topic.
• Each speaker presents a brief aspect of the topic.
• There is no discussion among speakers In the end, the
audience may ask questions.
• The chairman makes a summary at the end of the
session.
C) GROUP DISSCUSSIONS
• People interacting in a face-to-face situation.
• Group identifies problems and finds their solutions. Disadvantage:
• 6-12 members, seated in a circle Some members may
be shy and some
• There should be a group leader to initiate the may be dominating
subject, prevents side conversations, encourages so unequal
everyone to participate and to sum up the participation can be
discussion. there.
• There should be a recorder who prepares a report
on issues discussed and agreements reached.
D) Panel discussion
• 4 to 8 experts sit and discuss a topic in front of an audience.
• Headed by a chairman who opens the session, introduces the speakers
and keeps the discussion going.
• Audience are allowed to ask questions
• Chairman sums up the different views
presented
E) Workshop
• It consists of a series of meetings with emphasis on individual work
with the help of resource persons.
• The total workshop is divided into small groups and each group will
select a chairman and a recorder.
• The individuals -
✓ Work
✓ Solve a part of the problem
✓ Contribute to group discussion
✓ Leave the workshop with a plan of action for the problem.
F) Conferences or seminars
• Programs range from half day to one week.
• Held on a regional, state or national level.
• They usually have a theme
G) Role playing / socio drama
o Size of the group should be about 25.
o The audience should take active part by suggesting alternative
solutions and even by taking part in the drama.
o The situation is dramatized to make communication more effective.
o Followed by a discussion of the problem.
o Puppet shows used in villages is a type of socio drama
o Useful for children's health education
H) Demonstrations
• Carried out step-by-step in front of an audience.
• The method involves the audience in discussion and has a high
motivational value.
• The audience can then carry out the procedure themselves with
expert help.
3) MASS COMMUNICATION
❖For a large community or the general public can be given using the mass
media of communication.
❖Means communication that is given to a community where the people
gathered together do not belong to one particular group.
Advantages Disadvantage
➢ Large number of people can be reached ➢ One way
communication
➢ People of all socio-economic status
irrespective of their caste, creed and
religion have access to health education
➢ Various mass media used for
Mass Communication
Newspaper/ Documentary
Television Radio
press films
Health
Health Health
Posters exhibition
exhibitions magazines
booklets
Health Internet
information
booklets
APPENDIX
➢ How is Teaching of Health Promotion and Communication in
Public Health Training done?
In India, currently public health training is primarily provided
through
o Master/diploma in public health
o Postgraduate/diploma in public health management
o Diploma/masters in health administration
o Diploma/master in health management
THANK YOU
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• https://www.who.int/topics/health_education/en/
• http://aiihph.gov.in/department-of-health-promotion-education/
