1H CrackACT. a ENGLISH TEST 45 Minutes—75 Questions DIRECTIONS: In the five passages that follow, certain words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the right-hand column, you will find alternatives for the Underlined part. In most cases, you are to choose the ‘one that best expresses the idea, makes the statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded mast consistently with the style and fone of the passage as a whole. If you think the original version is best, ‘choose “NO CHANGE.” In some cases, you will find in the right-hand column a question about the underlined part. You are to choose the best answer to the question, ‘You will also find questions about a section of the pas- ‘sage, of about the passage as a whole. These questions do not refer to an undertined portion of the passage, but rather are identified by a number or numbers in a box. For each question, choose the altemative you consider best and fil in the corresponding oval on your answer document. Read each passage through once before you begin to answer the questions that accompany it. For many of the questions, you must read several sentences beyond the question to determine the answer. Be sure that you have read far enough ahead each time you choose an altemative. PASSAGE! Along the Bike Path [1] On the first warm day of spring, it’s still light out when T got on my bike to ride from my job in the city to ‘my apartment in a small town ten miles away. [2] [turned ‘onto the bike path and left the busy street behind. [8] From the path, I could see through the trees to parking lots crowded with cars lining up to enter rush hour traffic. (4) As the path curved toward the river, rowers came into view. (] With impossibly long oars, they pulled their slender boats agninst the gentle curent. [6] The slow dip, dip, dip scemed like an invitation to move for a relaxed pace. [7] Meanwhile, people on benches chatted with each other, or looked out over the river, or tossed crumbs 1. A. NO CHANGE B. it will still be C. it was still Di its still 2. Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? KE, to geton G. atthe entrance to EL over J into 3. A. NO CHANGE B. cars, they were lining C. cars were lined D. cars, I saw them lined 4. Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? slight G. gently moving HL light J. mildly flimsy 5. A. NO CHANGE B. at Cc. by D. around GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.1 EEEEESG weer to the ducks. [8] I caught snatch’s of conversation and kept moving. [7 At the edge of the city, I stopped on a bridge to rest. Below, a small pond glittered in the evening light. ‘Turtles, dozens of them, lined up bumper to bumper on a few fallen logs. One or two of the creatures plunged into the water as I watched, but the others seemed content to stay put. : [1] I pedaled on and found myself passing backyards, playgrounds, and ball fields. [2] Coasting along, I got used to other bikers passing me, their headlamps siting narrow beams in te dusk {3} The air grew cool as I glided under a canopy of trees, a if entering a tunnel through the twilight. [4] When I emerged on the other side, I pulled over to fill my water botle at a drinking fountain looking up atthe sky. (5]t was arich aquamarine, dotted with early evening sts. [6] Two approaching runners and their scruffy but friendly dogs came toa stop at the fountain to quench their thirst. 6. 10. uL 2 13. F. NO CHANGE, G. snatches’ HL snatches, J. snatches The writer wants to divide this paragraph into two in order to separate the reference to automobile traffic from the description of the scene along the river. The bbost place to begin the new paragraph would be at the beginning of Sentence: AL 3. Ba C.3. D. 6 . Which of the following altematives to the uiderlined portion would NOT be acceptable? R glared G. sparkled HL twinkled J. shone A. NO CHANGE B. Turtles dozens of them C. Turtles, dozens, of them D. Turtles dozens of them, ‘Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? K,_was watching, but the 6. Satched the HL watched. The J. watobeds the Given that all the choices are true, which one best indi- ccates that twilight had arrived on the bike path? ‘A. NO CHANGE, B. one by one by one, C. even though I was riding at a steady pace. D. as I slowed down to enjoy my surroundings. ENO CHANGE G. and looked EL to look J. giving a look A. NO CHANGE B. they're scruffy but friendly C. there scruffy but friendlier D.. their scruffy but friendly GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.“ ‘KACT. 1eupeeee OE (71 Lwas less than five minutes from my door. [7+ 14, Upon reviewing this paragraph, the writer discovers that some information has been left out and composes the following sentence incorporating that information: Some kids were deep into « game of softball; others were making the most of slides and swing sets. This sentence would most logically be placed after ‘Sentence: E 1. 6.3 Hs. Ie struck me then tht in my TG rushed manner of speeding to get to 15. A. NO CHANGE a B. rush in haste ‘work that morning, Thad seen no scenery, hurried way of rushing Di. rush only blur, As T got back on my bike to pedal the shor distance home, the moon appeared through the tes, and the runners an their dogs Aiseppeared in the distance. PASSAGE ‘The Best-Kept Secret in Town When I was growing. vp, my parents didnot allow ime to g0 tothe county dump, In my imagination, it ‘was place where huge piles of garbage emitted a overpowering stench, I could picture everything rotting, 16. Which of the following altematives to the underined it portion would NOT be acceptable? rusty, end in complete ruins, Laon Recently, my view of garbage dumps—or landfills, eae 1s they are usually called now—changed dramatically. aaa “This happened after I heard some residents in the ‘community where I now live talk favorable about the 17. A. NO CHANGE, ae! Bmore favorable of Jandfill. They said it is much more than a place to dispose C. favorably about D. in favor with of garbage. They were right. On Saturday morning outing, I discovered a surprisingly orderly facility, it was 18. NO CHANGE aaa - facility at the end of a short drive from the center of town. HL facility, there it was Je facility, I found it scrsak : 4 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.CrackACT.com Tee Pee eee was a little bewildered when T arrived until 1 received directions to the many stations on the premises. In addition, to a place for unsalvageable debris, there were separate arcas for materials that are suitable for reuse. For instance, I saw designated spots for this and that, Not only could visitors drop off what they didn’t need, they could haul away what they did ‘need. Nevertheless, piles of wood chips, ideal for use as garden mulch were available too. T helped myself to enough to cover my backyard flower beds. Now a landfill fan, a particular appreciation exists for the section for hazardous houschold materials, where Visitors are permitted to select anything from household paint to mosquito repellent. IfT have leftover red from painting my porch, for instance, one can trade it for someone else's leftover yellow to paint my bookshelves. Everybody benefits from this system. Fewer toxic substances go into the ground, and more people save money by reusing perfectly good materials. iven that all the choices are true, which one best establishes the tone of approval that is sustained in the rest of the paragraph? ‘A. NO CHANGE B. When I pulled up to the place that I had been curi- fous about, C. Having asked for iifformation about the resources available, D. When I checked in at the attractive gatehouse—a surprise in itself— ENO CHANGE G. addition to a place, HL addition, to a place, J. addition'to a place Given that all the choices are true, which one provides the most specific and relevant information? ‘A. NO CHANGE, BB. all kinds of materials that have been arranged. C. tumber, tin, brick, and even Styrofoam, D. a vast array of assorted items in many categories. F. NO CHANGE, G. what it was in the way of something H. what they considered something that J. something of what A. NO CHANGE B. On the contrary, piles CC. Inspite of it ail, piles D: Piles |. F, NO CHANGE G. use as garden mulch, HL use, as garden mulch J. use} as garden mulch A. NO CHANGE B. appreciation has grown for €. to have an appreciation for D. [particularly appreciate ENO CHANGE G you HL they Li ‘A. NO CHANGE B. elses* C. elses D. else . Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? Fin Gt HE because of J. into GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.1 BEEEES GeockAGEcom In some cases it is necessary to call ahead for an NO CHANGE which for which ‘which there NO CHANGE certain items are picked up by people, pick up certain items. pick them wp. appointment, and there may be a small fee to drop off or certain items are picked up. However, the landfill operates during convenient hours, and the staff is friendly and knowledgeable. The biggest waste would be to overlook the existence of this community resource. PASSAGE Il 1. M. Pei: Translating Spirit into Space ‘What does the National Gallery of Art in Washington, 31. A. NO CHANGE a B. do D.C, the Louvre in Paris, and the Rock and Roll Hall of C. has D. DELETE the underlined portion. Fame in Cleveland have in common? In addition to being museums, howevs all three buildings benefit from NO CHANGE museums, therefore, ‘museums, consequently, museums, designs by the celebrated architect I. M. Pei. [1] His name, which in Cantonese means “to inscribe brightly,” was prophetically chosen, Pei has inscribed his 33. A. NO CHANGE 3 B. chosen brilliant architectural designs on cityscapes around the C. chosen: D. chosen, while ‘world, (2} Pei came to the United States at the age of, cightcen to study architecture. [8] In 1955 he founded his, own architectural firm in New York City. [4] Teoh Ming. Pei was born in Canton, China, in 1917. [5] Since that time, Pei has designed more than fifty buildings, including the John F, Kennedy Library and the Hancock Tower in. Boston and the Bank of China in Hong Kong. [6] Many of his buildings have won major design awards. [>4 34, For the sake of the logic and coherence of this para- raph, Sentence 4 should be placed: F, where itis now. G, before Sentence 1. BE. after Sentence 5. J. after Sentence 6. porean 6 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.1TBEHeeese Pei’s first concem as an architect is identifying the spirit of a place and translates that spirit mentioned here into architectural design. [5« However, Pei’s design for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, with its bold use of glass walls and ceilings and multiple tiers connected by escalators that direct the eye upward, appropriately reflects a celebratory and rollicking spirit. ‘Similarly, Pei’s design for the Morton H. Meyerson ‘Symphony Center in Dallas, Texas, echoes the aim of city planners who wished to revitalize the Arts District while announcing Dallas's emergence a an international culerat center. To achieve this twofold aim, Pei designed an inward-facing music chamber and an outward-acing lobby that houses a restaurant. The building's multiple fenctions invite the public to share in the city's central cultural space, CrackACT. can 35. A. NO CHANGE B. translation C. translated D. translating # ‘Which of the following phrases from the preceding sentence is LEAST necessary and could most casily be deleted? Ras anarchitect G. the spirit of a place HL mentioned here J. into architectural design 37. A. NO CHANGE B. Stil, C. So, when D. Thus, 38. F. NO CHANGE G. it’s it its’ J. their 39. A. NO CHANGE B. planners whom C. planners, whom D. planners of who 40. NO CHANGE G. international culturally HE. internationally culturally J. internationally culture 41. A. NO CHANGE B. that a restaurant is housed with. C. that were to house a restaurant. D. which if it were to house a restaurant. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.CrackACT. Teauemeeeeenee”’ ‘While Pei’s signavure designs will continue ‘to impress generations of city dwellers, perhaps his ‘greatest contribution as an architect lies beyond the physical structures he designed. [1] In the end, 42, At this point, the writer is considering adding the fol- owing true statement: In 1986, Pei was one of twelve naturalized ‘American citizens to receive the Medal of ‘Honor from then-president Ronald Reagan. Should the writer make this addition here’? F. Yes, because it gives important information that improves the logical flow of this paragr G. Yes, because ft clarifies what the “contribution” referred to in the preceding sentence was. H. No, because it does not fulfill the expectation set up in the preceding sentence. J. No, because it contradicts the point made earlier in the essay that Pei was born in China. rigorous attention to harmonizing tangible space by Pei 43. A. NO CHANGE igoror PF o oe B. rigorous attention of Pei’s to harmonizing tangible space C. Pei’s rigorous attention to harmonizing tangible space D. harmonizing tangible space to which Pei's rigor- ‘ous attention was paid exciting legacy. 44, Which choice most effectively emphasizes that Pei’s contributions will Iast a long time? F. NO CHANGE i. enduring B. immaterial J. important Question 45 asks about the preceding passage as a whole. 45, Suppose the writer had intended to write a brief essay describing the technical challenges of architectural design. Would this essay accomplish the writer's goal? A. Yes, because it tells of the many architectural designs of Pei B. Yes, because it demonstrates that Pei is one of the world’s most celebrated architects, . No, because it reveals that Pei’s signature designs borrow from many styles. D. No, because it focuses on Pei's biography and his contributions to architecture. porn 8 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.1 HHEEESEs & CrackACT.com PASSAGE IV The History of Monopoly a ‘As a child, I disliked playing the board game Monopoly. My brothers racing car and my thimble game pieces would go around and around the board, and we would buy property after property with our play money, ‘There always came a point—usually after an hour or two—when I would shout out in boredom, “Who invented this game?” ie) [1] The game originated ai the end of the nineteenth century with « young Quaker named Elizabeth Magie. {2} George believed that while the renting of property produced an increase in land values and benefited property ‘owners; higher land values placed a burden on the working class, who were asked to pay more to rent. [3] Magic was a follower of Henry George, «political esonomist. [4] In 1904, Magie patented “The Landlord's Game” as a tool for teaching George's ideas. [> 46. F L a7. A. B, 49. A. B. & D. NO CHANGE brother's racing car brother’s racing car, brothers racing car, NO CHANGE owners, owners NO CHANGE whom and whom NO CHANGE Game,” this game was Game" it was Game” being 50. For the sake of the logic and coherence of this para- graph, Sentence 3 should be placed: where itis now. before Sentence 1. after Sentence 1. afier Sentence 4, GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.18 8 6 oop “eckact.com —=——=— = 9 (3) The game enjoyed modest popularity, particularly among Quakers and later among economics students at several East Coast colleges. Everywhere it waé played, people made adjustments, naming game spaces after local streets and landmarks and sometimes inventing new rules. [3] In turn, the ‘game eventually lost Magie’s message about social responsibility and became almost about the acquisition of property. re 14] During the Great Depression of the 1930s, salesman. Charles Darrow came across the game in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Darrow must have sensed the potential of a game though, during atime of economic hardship, would allow people to play at property would be bought and amassing a fortune. However, Darrow produced thousands of copies ofthe Avanti City version ofthe game and sold them at department stores. In 1933 Darrow signed ‘contract with Parker Brothers to mass-produce the game in the form in which it’s best known today. 10 Sh A. B. c D. NO CHANGE. spaces on the board after nearby town streets and places that someone might consider noteworthy ame spaces after streets or whatever the spaces on which the game is played after some local stuff ‘52, If the writer were to delete the preceding sentence, the paragraph would primarily lose: rE G HL i 2 sense of Magie's reaction to the ways her game was changed by its players. a an explanation of one important process through ‘which the game of Monopoly changed. examples of the new rules players invented for the list of the places where the first played Bist ofthe places where the game was firs playe in its modem form 53. Which choice most strongly emphasizes that players came to embrace the acquisition of property as'a posi- tive goal for the game? A B c D. 54. F, G. & NO CHANGE ‘a chance to experience celebration of related to NO CHANGE considering, that, DELETE the underlined portion and place a comma after the word game. NO CHANGE buying property property to buy had bought property NO CHANGE Yet, Besides, DELETE the underlined portion. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.{jupenpuuee OOK ol ‘The popularity of Monopoly has since spread across the globe. [57 ‘The longest game of Monopoly is reported to have lasted 1,680 hours—the equivalent of seventy days, exceeding more than over 1,500 hours, of nonstop playing. 57. Which of the following true statements, if added hero, would best illustrate the claim made in the preceding sentence? ‘The total amount of play money included in a stan- dard Monopoly game is $15,140. It’s printed in twenty-six languages and is avail- able in eighty countries. It's estimated that more than two hundred million ‘Monopoly sets have been sol. ‘More than twenty game pieces have been created since the game was first introduced, including a purse, horse, and lantern. NO CHANGE are reported istold are told NO CHANGE ‘24-hour periods, or days, of nonstop engagement in days of continuous nonstop days of nonstop be Question 60 asks about the preceding passage as a whole. 60. Upon reviewing the essay and finding that an idea has been left out, the writer composes the following sen- tence incorporating that idea: ‘The Iength of that game alone proves that some people have much more patience for ‘Monopoly than I'll ever have. If the writer were to add this sentence to the essay, the sentence would most logically be placed: after the last sentence in Paragraph 3. G. before the first sentence in Paragraph 4. HL after the last sentence in Paragraph 4. JL. after the last sentence in Paragraph 5. PASSAGE V ‘The Dancing Pears ‘The morning sun shines through wind-whipped branches creates an odd effect inthe artist's studio, In the flickering light, three golden pears on @ shelf appear to be dancing. Capturing moments such as this in a watercolor still life has become the lifework of artist Karen Horn. 1" 61. A. NO CHANGE B. shone . shining D. shined’ GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.1B HBEEeSG ‘Asa child at a tender age, Horn was captivated by the visual arts. In college, she explored and refined this, fascination, however, her personal life would not sit still for her art. She married and moved to a farm in northern California, where her daughter was born. [« ‘The rigors of parenting and a simple, back-to- basics lifestyle have teached Horn much about time. In order that making money is the main goal, the clock hhas the power to rule, allowing no time to wait, to wonder, to dance with pears. But Horn calls time her secret ally. ‘She chooses simple subjects for her watercol lowers and fruit from her jarden, a neighbor's hand- carved wooden bowl, a treasured seashell, her grandmother's tablecloth. [@] Her personal connections contribute to the sense to these objects of intimacy in her paintings. 12 62. 63. 66. 67. CrackACT.com ENO CHANGE G. child while growing up, HL. child, in her youth, Je child, ‘A. NO CHANGE B. fascination, however C. fascination however D. fascination; however, |. The writer is thinking about deleting the phrase “a farm in” from the preceding sentence. Should this phrase be kept or deleted? F. Kept, because it offers a detail relevant to the upcoming discussion of Homn's life and art Kept, because it identifies precisely where in northern California Horn moved to, Deleted, because it has nothing to do with Horn’s life or art. J. Deleted, ‘because its removal would eliminate redundant information from the sentence. NO CHANGE has teached hhave taught has tanght F, NO CHANGE ‘Whereas making ‘When making J. Making NO CHANGE B) watercolors: C. watercolors, D. watercolors . If the writer were to delete the phrase “from her arden” and the words “hand-carved” and “treasured” the preceding sentence, the sentence would lose nandnis odd K. m>nandnis even 41, In quadrilateral ABCD shown in the standard (x.y) coordinate plane below, what is the distance, in coordinate units, from the midpoint of AB to the midpoint of CD ? 42, In rhombus ACBD below, AB is 8 inches long and CD is 6 inches long. What is the area, in square inches, of ACBD ? c | R12 G. 24 EL 25 J. 32 Ke 43. In how many distinct orders can 5 students stand in line to buy yearbooks? ec) BOS iG a5| D. 120 E. 3,125 not00 24 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.2 CrackACT.com 44. A group of hikers put up the tent shown below. They edged rectanglir tap thats 10 feet by 12 feet over ‘a rope stretched tightly between 2 trees so that tent’s rectangular sides and base are each 6 fect wide and 10 feet long. What is the height of the tent, to the nearest foot? R4 G5 H 6 Ks 45, Which of the following statements gives the real number values of x for which x” < x is true? A. 0< x<1 B. -1< z<0 C. x<-1 D. x>1 E. x= Oorr=1 46. A teacher asked all the students in the junior class ‘about the number of cats and/or dogs their family had. ‘The results are given in the table below. How many students answered that their family had 1 or more cats? or more cats? ae | 48 84 Lormore dops7[%2°] 48 Ra 6 itt § 1 ge K. 250 a DO YOUR FIGURING HERE. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.9 CrackACT.com 47. The Worthwhile Company’s logo consists of DO YOUR FIGURING HERE. 2 once colon. Toe ads ofGES Sema of the logo on Worthwhile’s building is 4 feet, and the distance between the outer circle and the ‘inner circle is 75 feet. Which of the following is an expression for the area, in square feet, of the inner circle of the logo on Wonka ak AL (4-1.75)n aunts Cc @- 1.757)0 D. z 48, Given that A, B, C, and D are real numbers satisfying and C = VB, which of the following NOT necessarily true? 49. The volume, V, of a right circular cylinder with radius rand height h is given by the formula V = n7*h. The sight circular cylinder shown below has radius R and height H. A socond right circular cylinder has radius 2R and height 317. The volume of the second right circular cylinder is how many times the volume of the first right circular cylinder? as B. 6 Ger D. 12 E18 | Ro ‘50. For right triangle AABC, sin ZA = 2. What is cos ZA? Ro} @ 4 a3 4 4 ACTA 28 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.2 CrackACT.com fire, 51. ‘The line with equation x 4y = 12 in the standard (1,y) coordinate plane crosses the x-axis at which of the following points? A. (12, 0) B. (4-4) Cc. (-4, 0) D. ( 0% E. (12, 0) 52. Alexia knows that the height of an object propelled vertically from a height of 48 feet can be modeled by 164? + 324 + 48, where h is the height, in feet, and 1 is the time, in seconds. Using this model, how many seconds will it take the object to reach a height of 64 feet? Rl G2 H 3 i 16 XK 64 o = 53. In the figure below, EC is , B lies on In the figure below, EC js parallel to GD, B lis AD and EC, F lies on GD, the measure of ZABC is 132°, and ZEBG = ZGBF = ZFBD. What is the measure of ZBFD 7 54, For a certain anglé with measure @, sin @ = 0.4. What iscsc 8 ER a 5 + DO YOUR FIGURING HERE. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.2 CrackACT.com ‘55. Simpsen Manufacturing tested the hydraulic prema DO YOUR FIGURING HERE. Spel of as oF sie, Be yale prseue eet ane poo eae ees slower decrease in pressure than Valve A followed by Saereinecos nae ar maine renee te aes Anas eas minimum pressure for Valve B. One of the following graphs best illustrates the test results. Which graph is ir A A ne DOA 5 : VS 5 B E B time si ‘time sa BoA f BoA ‘s 2 = ? i 4 i . > > ime ine QCA B 5 B h |_\“$ te 56. Happy Soup Company stamps a 6-character product, code on each can of soup it produces. Each product ode consists of 5 eters (rom the 26 fetes alphabet) followed by a single digit (from the digits 0 to 9). The letters may repeat. How many such product codes are possible? F 52610) G. 5€6(3,2) H. 1500) J. 26(25)(24)(23)(22)(10) K. 26°(10) For all real numbers x, the value of x ‘A. never zero. BL always zero. C. always positive. D. sometimes posit E, never positive. ive. pera 28 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.2 CrackACT.com = 58. For all values of x such that sinx > 0 and cos. x > 0, DO YOUR FIGURING HERE. ich ofthe following expressions is equivalent to sinx> bcos? 1 F. sinx+cosx> 3 6. sinx—cosx> 4 HL cosx-sinx<2 1 J. tanz>d K. tnx<2 59. A vector from the origin to terminal point (2,3) is shown in the standard (x,y) coordinate plane below. The vector will be rotated counterclockwise (‘>) by 90° about the origin, resulting in a new vector. What Wil be the coordinates ofthe terminal point ofthe new vect y 3) 6.16 r>0 and s>0, \/E+../© is equivalent to which of the following? Rl «. 2¥5, END OF TEST 2 ‘STOP! DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL TOLD TO DO SO. DO NOT RETURN TO THE PREVIOUS TEST.EE w READING TEST 35 Minutes—40 Questions DIRECTIONS: There are four passages in this test. Each passage is followed by several questions. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question and fill in’ the corresponding oval on your answer document. You may refer to the passages as often as necessary. Passage! PROSE FICTION: This passage Is adapted from the short story “Aggts Last Dance” by Josephine Huntington (61997 by Joy Harjo and Gloria Bic). A few days after the ice breakup, the seagulls retumed. They arrived in flocks, soaring and diving as they searched the shallow shores for food. 1 paid them no mind, A few days later, while cleaning the area of 65 beach in front of my house, I saw.one large seagull lag- ging behind as the others swiftly soared, twisted, and zlided over the open water. It took him a little longer to gain height, but his drop was done with such ease and Erace that he appeared to be dancing. How lovely! I 40 thought, Sitting on an old weathered log I watched until my back started to ache. Finally, I stood up and slowly stretched out my stiff limbs. Returning to the house, I put a kettle of water on to boil and went to lie down on imy narrow cot. Behind my closed eyes a large white 45 seagull danced before me. ‘The whistling of the tea kettle jarred me awake. While preparing the tea I bummed an‘old song. It was a tune that often came to me, but not the words. Songs land dances are passed from generation to generation. I 20 barely remember when we last bad to lear s new song or dance. Setting my cup on the yellow tabletop, my ind returned to the seagull. ‘The sun streaming through raffled curtains tuned to deep gold when I got up to reheat a pot of caribou 25 stew. The bubbling stew filled the room with a deli- cious smell, but I hardly noticed. It's as if T were in a trance. Moving to the middle of the kitchen I took the position of a female dancer—standing with both feet Together, knees slightly. bent. With arms extended 90 behind my back, I let them rise and fall . . . rise and fall .. as if taking flight. Lowering my left arm, the right arm is stretched high above my head, first in one direction then another. I tried many different positions and changed the song a little each time. After almost 95 stumbling into the table when leaning into a dive, I decided to stop. My legs were shaking and I was breathing hard. Resting my head against the wall, I closed my eyes, feeling tired, but excited by my new creation. 40 On the third Thursday of the month, I am plaiting my long silver hair into a single braid and listening to 50 5 the radio when the announcer reports a chill factor of ‘minus 60 degrees. Maybe only a few people will show up for the annual village corporation meeting this evening. ‘When I arrive the gymnasium is packed and noisy. Old Abe, an Elder Representative who speaks both Inuipiag and English fluently, is asked to “open with prayer.” First, he prays in Inupiag and then in English. Reports and awards for community service follow. The Midnight Sun Dancers, billed as “entertainment,” appear last on the agenda. Its after nine o'clock and people are getting rest- less when the dancers come forward. The audience claps as each dancer files by wearing his or her finest native garments—women in parkas of bright fabric pre- ccede male dancers in white bunting jackets. Each wears knee-length mukluks end gloves trimmed in fancy beadwork with thick bands of wolf, fox, and wolverine. Tam a singer, drummer, and dancer, 50 1 enter last. 1 have chosen to wear a moskrat-skin parka trimmed with black-and-white reindeer strips and wolverine tassels. ‘The parka is old, but still beautiful. My old friend Lillie made it for me when I was sent to Washington, D.C., to dance for the president of the United States many years ago. Drumbeats fil the air as I struggle to my feet, pull oon my gloves, and walk to the center of the stage. My ‘own high voice starts the story. With subtle movements, [thrust my neck in and out and the wolverine tassels, sway shythmically. Arms gently flutter, then I thrust my chest forward and soar heavenward. I float on a breeze, then swoop, glide, and scan the shallow shores for signs of food. With arms extended rearward, I proceed 10 escond. This is the most dangerous part for me—the seagull’s dive—because of age my balance isn’t what it conce was. The flat-bottomed oograk mukluks help, but if T should lean too far forward I fear falling in front of the whole village. When entering the dive, I concen- tei'on the drums, rating my arms back afar as they 0, Jeanig forward, dropping lower and lower. As T near the floor I begin to beat my wings to propel nnyself upright, thrusting my chest forward. Slowly tuming in a circle I repeat each motion. It is a few soc~ ‘nds before I become aware ofthe thunderous applause that fills the room. My face goes hot and I smile in hap- pines. The sound of my own people's applans ills my ar GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.3 mums 28 ww 1. It can most reasonably be inferred that which of the following events mentioned in the passage occurred first chronologically? A. The narrator dances for the president of the United States. B. The narrator watches a seagull’s flight while cleaning the beach in front of her house. C. The narrator is given the parka that she wears ‘while performing the seagull dance. 1D, The narrator arrives at the village gymnasium. 2. Which of the following questions does the passage NOT directly answer? Who made the narrator's muskrat-skin parka? G. For how many years has the narrator been dancing. ‘with the Midnight Sun Dancers? 1H. At what public gathering does the narrator perform the seagull dance? ‘J. What musical instrument accompanies the narra- tor’s performance? 3. In the context of the passage, the main purpose of the first paragraph isto: ‘A. list the physical limitations that interfere with the narrator's ability to perform the seagull dance. B. describe the narrator's experience watching Sseagall’s flight, which compels her to dance. €. provide details about the narrator's past that explain why she joined the Midnight Sun Dancers. D. telate the nacalor’s atttade ioward nature in order to explain her decision to wear a muskrat-skin parka, 4. In the first paragraph, the narrator seems most affected by the seagill’s: E. size, G. color. HL ascent. J. diving. ‘The author provides information about all of the fol- owing aspects of how the narrator lives EXCEPT: ‘A the size of her home. B. the location of her home relative to the water. CC. what she sleeps on. D. what she eats. 6. The best summary of the third paragraph (Lines 23-39) is that the narrator: F.remembers a dance that she leamed when she was younger. G. imagines a seagull’s flight as she prepares her meal HH fovens a dance tht re-creates something she wit nessed earlier. J. discovers that she is no longer able to dance because of her age. 7. Af the fifth paragraph (lines 46-52) were deleted, the ara passage would lose all of the following EXCEPT: ‘A. a description of the reports presented by members of the village. B. details that help define Old Abe’s role at the vil- lage meeting. F Gs agertion ofthe languages spoken inthe village D. an indication of the Midnight Sun Dancers’ role at the village meeting. 8. It can most reasonably be inferred from the passage that the majority of the songs and dances performed by the Midnight San Dancers were ereated by: the narrator. «previous generations of dancers. HL the oldest living members of the dance group. J. the current female members of the dance group. 9. As itis used in lines 58 and 61, the word trimmed most nearly means: 7 A. embellished. B. shortened. tidied up. ‘condensed. 10. The narrator indicates that she is the last to enter the gymnasium before the dance because she: Eis cast in the role of the seagull. G. moves more slowly than the other dancers. EL. is favored by the audience. J. performs multiple roles in the dance group. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.3 Passage Il SOCIAL SCIENCE: This passage is adapted trom the introduc tion to A Renaiseanes in Harlem: Lost Voices of an American Community, an anthology edited by Lionel C. Bascum that con- tains materials produced by Harlem-based members of the 1930s federally funded Writer's Project (€1999 by Lionel C. Basoum), A few years aficr America slipped into the Great Depression, a significant social experiment got under way. In the 1930s, government policy makers con- ceived and launched an ambitious scheme they hoped 5 would both lift the spirits of and provide weekly pay- checks for thousands of unemployed Americans. Under this Works Progress Administration, a smaller, contro- versial program called the Writer’s Project employed some sixty-five hundred writers in twenty-six states. 10 WPA writers fanned out in neighborhoods of towns and cities all across America with a tantalizing assignment: record the personal histories of the people they found. ‘They recorded more than ten thousend stories and were planning to publish them in a series of comprehensive 15 anthologies. One of those places where people told their stories was in Harlem. Coincidentally, just a few years before a handful of WPA writers arrived in Harlem, this section of upper Manhattan had just been recognized by social 20 observers as the black capital of the world. The period would become widely known as the Hariem Ren sance. It was touted mainly as the most significant black cultural revival in our history and was promoted by a very small band of intellectuals who had mij 25 to Hariem along with thousands of other people. While these men and women promoted the art and literature they created in Harlem between 1924 and 1929, the Renaissance they are credited with starting was much more than an intellectual movement. 30 The driving forces behind the varied activities that made Harlem’ so vibrant in the twentieth century were sparked by the massive migration of black people from the rural South and the Caribbean. When these seekers from far-flung comers of the world began filling the 35 vacant but plentiful housing Harlem had to offer, these railroad porters, domestic house cleaners, former tenant farmers, and immigrants brought their music, their lit- ‘erature, and their stories with them uptown to Harlem, ‘Their stories about daly life are still a vital part of 49 the literature and music of Harlem. As told by the WPA writers, these tales leave an important legacy for us today. Between 1934 and 1939, African-American writ- ers recruited to join the WPA Writer's Project took advantage of a unique opportunity to write the topical 45 history of Harlem. Inadvertently, they created a narra- tive snapshot of black America’s unoificial capital city during one of its most important historical periods. ‘They created a rare picture of life on Harlem streets, in its beauty parlors, markets, apartments, and hospital 50 waiting rooms. CrackACT.com ‘The works of Harlem WPA writers such as Ralph Ellison, Zora Neale Hurston, and Dorothy West were all ee epreniry = beeen golden era existed well beyond 1929. While none of the ee ere eee ears eaten Ben te versions crafted by writers who struggled to accurately Sean ena eae eral used the techniques of fiction, such as setting scenes, ‘60-using realistic dialogue, or incorporating flashbacks. AS ‘a testament to the significance these stories held for the ‘writers who collected them, many of these interviews ‘became the raw material for later works of important fiction. For example, Ellison roamed Harlem, inter- 65 viewing all sorts of people whose words found their way into his landmark novel, invisible Man. Despite the’ seemingly sacred mission, political forces opposed to the usc of federal money for WPA projects moved against sponsoring New Deal Demo- rats. By the fall of 1939, all new funds for WPA projects had dried up. According to federal records, the WPA was effectively dead by the time America entered World War Il. Thousands of the WPA manuscripts were never published. While some of these narratives were 76 shelved, others were lost, destroyed, or distributed to various libraries and state archives. As a body of work, most of these stories would be stored away and left vir- tually untouched for decades. The Harlem manuscripts suffered this same fate. 80 A Renaissance in Harlem brings together more than forty-five stories written by the many different WPA writers who worked in Harlem. While some like Ellison eventually won worldwide acclaim, most, like ‘Vivian Mortis, remained obscure, invisible men and 85 women despite the literary promise of their work. These stories are further evidence that there was a renaissance in Harlem, one that may have been com- pletely missed by some of the intellectuals who first coined the phrase. 11, The main idea of the passage is that: A. shortly after the Depression began, thousands of unemployed Americans joined the Writer's Project. during the 1930s, a group of Writer’s Project writ- grs produced an important chronicle of daily life in C. the years between 1924 and 1929 comprise the most significant literary period in U.S. history D. from its headquarters in Harlem, the Writer’s Project generated a narrative of cultural life in the United States. 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