Final Activity #1: Nutrition and Diet Therapy
Meal Planning and Preparation for Patients Suffering from Different Diseases
Diet is a major factor is preventing damage of the organs in the body. It is also important to be aware of the food items to be allowed and
restricted to avoid further complications.
Please discuss the characteristic, dietary management and rationale of the following disease condition.
Disease Condition Characteristic Dietary Management Rationale
Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System
1. Peptic Ulcer - ground/minced foods or moist; Mechanical Soft Diet To provide a variety of foods
soft textured foods that meet your nutritional needs
- foods pureed to pudding-like Pureed Diet to help you heal and prevent
consistency any degree of malnutrition.
- includes foods from all food Blend Diet
groups; often added with liquid
2. Celiac Disease - any foods or drinks that doesn’t Gluten-free Diet Essential for managing signs and
contain gluten symptoms of celiac disease and
other medical conditions
associated with gluten.
3. Dumping Syndrome - foods that contain protein with Post Gastrectomy Diet Helps to prevent dumping
each meal; ex. eggs, meat, fish, syndrome which occurs in some
milk, fish patients who have undergone
- eating 6-8 small meals or snacks stomach surgery.
throughout the day instead of
large meals; eat a source of
protein each meal
Diseases of the Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
1. Hepatitis - foods that are easy on the liver; Hepatic Diet To have a healthy, well-balanced
ex. Whole grains, fruits and diet and avoid liver damage
vegetables, olive oil, lean meats from hepatitis.
and low-fat dairy products
2. Cholecystectomy - foods that are fat-free or low-fat; Post-cholecystectomy Diet May help minimize problems
avoid high-fat foods, fried and with diarrhea after having your
greasy foods and fatty sauces and gallbladder out.
gravies.
3. Cystic Fibrosis - balanced diet that includes High-fat Diet In CF, the mucus is often thick
plenty of fruits and veggies, whole and sticky. that your body
grains, dairy products and protein. produces makes it hard to
absorb fat and nutrients, which
is why a good cystic fibrosis diet
is one that is high in calories and
high in fat.
Cardiovascular Diseases
- an allowance of food and drinks Fat Restricted Diet Can help if you have trouble
in which 15% - 25% of the total digesting or absorbing fat. This
1. Atherosclerosis calories is derived from fats; ex. helps prevent side effects, such
lean meats, fish, beans, egg whites as diarrhea, bloating, and
cramping, that may occur when
you consume high-fat foods.
- an allowance of food and drinks Fat Restricted Diet Can help if you have trouble
in which 15% - 25% of the total digesting or absorbing fat. This
2. Congestive Heart Failure calories is derived from fats; ex. help prevent side effects, such
Lean meats, fish, beans, egg as diarrhea, bloating, and
whites cramping, that may occur when
you consume high-fat foods.
- limit total carbohydrates to ,30 CHO Restricted Diet To minimize intake of refined
3. Hyperlipidemia grams per day but encourages carbohydrates like added
unlimited consumption of protein, sugars, high glycemic grains and
fat, and green leafy vegetables fructose.
Renal Diseases
1. Glomerulonephritis - cereals, beans and nuts are used CHON Restricted Diet To prevent to cause further fluid
in limited amounts as these retention and salt retention,
contains significant levels of low resulting
biologic protein.
- no-added-salt Sodium Restricted Diet
2. Renal Calculi - Increase fluid intake, maintain a Sodium- Restriction Diet This diet can be an effective tool
low salt/low sodium diet, eat in managing and preventing
more fresh, non-processed foods, kidney stones.
like fruits and vegetables.
3. Nephritis - low salt, low fat, and low Nephrotic Syndrome Diet Can improve your health and
cholesterol, with an emphasis on (Sodium Restricted Diet) alleviate symptoms of nephrotic
fruits and vegetables. syndrome.
