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Natural and Artifical Fiber

Natural fabrics are created from animal fibers like wool and silk, and plant fibers like cotton, linen, jute, and acrylic. Cotton grows in a boll around the seeds of cotton plants. Linen is made from flax plants and valued for its coolness. Jute comes from plants in the genus Corchorus and can be spun into threads. Wool comes from sheep and other animals. Silk is a protein fiber obtained from silkworm cocoons. Polyester is a synthetic fiber made from polymers, and acrylic is made from polyacrylonitrile. Polyolefins like polyethylene and polypropylene are produced from olefin monomers.

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69 views2 pages

Natural and Artifical Fiber

Natural fabrics are created from animal fibers like wool and silk, and plant fibers like cotton, linen, jute, and acrylic. Cotton grows in a boll around the seeds of cotton plants. Linen is made from flax plants and valued for its coolness. Jute comes from plants in the genus Corchorus and can be spun into threads. Wool comes from sheep and other animals. Silk is a protein fiber obtained from silkworm cocoons. Polyester is a synthetic fiber made from polymers, and acrylic is made from polyacrylonitrile. Polyolefins like polyethylene and polypropylene are produced from olefin monomers.

Uploaded by

Bhupesh Tambe
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NATURAL FABRICS are created from fibers of animals coats, silkworm cocoons, and plants' seeds,

leaves, and stems. Click on the natural fiber below for information on each fiber and their weaves.

Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of
cotton plants of the genus Gossypium.

Linen is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant, Linum usitatissimum. Linen is labor-
intensive to manufacture, but when it is made into garments, it is valued for its exceptional
coolness and freshness in hot weather.

Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is
produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which has been classified in the family Tiliaceae,
or more recently in Malvaceae

Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and certain other animals,[1] including cashmere
from goats, mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, vicuña, alpaca, and camel from animals in
the camel family, and angora from rabbits

Silk is a natural protein fibre, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The best-known
type of silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori
reared in captivity (sericulture).
Polyester is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain.
Although there are many polyesters, the term "polyester" as a specific material most commonly refers
to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyesters include naturally-occurring chemicals, such as in the
cutin of plant cuticles, as well as synthetics through step-growth polymerization such as polycarbonate
and polybutyrate. Natural polyesters and a few synthetic ones are biodegradable, but most synthetic
polyesters are not.

Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers made from a polymer (polyacrylonitrile) with an average molecular
weight of ~100,000, about 1900 monomer units. To be called acrylic in the U.S, the polymer must
contain at least 85% acrylonitrile monomer. Typical comonomers are vinyl acetate or methyl acrylate.
The Dupont Corporation created the first acrylic fibers in 1941 and trademarked them under the name
"Orlon".

A polyolefin fiber is a polymer produced from a simple olefin (also called an alkene with the general
formula CnH2n) as a monomer. For example, polyethylene is the polyolefin produced by polymerizing
the olefin ethylene. An equivalent term is polyalkene; this is a more modern term, although polyolefin is
still used in the petrochemical industry. Polypropylene is another common polyolefin which is made
from the olefin propylene

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