Zamboanga Sibugay

Zamboanga Sibugay Division

GIYA
(Guided, Integrated, Yearning Activities)
For SHS LEARNERS
INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION AND BELIEF SYSTEMS
1st Semester Q1 Week 8 Day 1-4
MELC: Analyze the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices and related
issues of Hinduism.
Topic: Hinduism
Objectives: At the end of the lesson, learners are expected to:
1.Define and identify the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices and
related issues of Hinduism,
2. Recite the creation theory of Vedas and the concept of Hinduism;
3. Describe why Hinduism considered a diverse and complex religion;
4. Elaborate the hymn of creation and the name of Hindu god and goddesses;
5.Reflect to the core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices and related issues of
Hinduism in one’s life experiences.
Writer:

Elizabeth E. Sandoval
San Antonio National High School

1.
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DAY 1
I. Mini Lesson/Lecturette
Today we are going to learn Hinduism the world oldest organized religion that begin on
the Indian subcontinent with no specific moment of origin and specific founder .Asian countries
with considerable Hindu faithful includes Nepal( 23 million) Bangladesh (15 million ) and
Indonesia (3.9 million in Bali ) There are other religion that sprung In India have their origins
in Hinduism like the Jainism, Budhism and Sikhism.
Their sacred scriptures were categorized as Shruti and Smriti. Hinduism is the oldest
living religion on Earth. Its many sacred texts in Sanskrit and vernacular languages served as
a vehicle for spreading the religion to other parts of the world, though ritual and the visual and
performing arts also played a significant role in its transmission
The term Hinduism became familiar as a designator of religious ideas and practices
distinctive to India with the publication of books such as Hinduism (1877) by Sir Monier Monier-
Williams, the notable Oxford scholar and author of an influential Sanskrit dictionary. Initially it
was an outsiders' term, building on centuries-old usages of the word Hindu. Early travelers to
the Indus valley, beginning with the Greeks and Persians, spoke of its inhabitants as “Hindu”
(Greek: ‘indoi).
Doctrine
The first of the five strands of Hinduism is doctrine, as expressed in a vast textual
tradition anchored to the Veda The term Veda means knowledge or sacred lore.
The four basic Vedic were
1. Rig Veda the most important and oldest book a collection of over a thousand hymns
and more than thousand verses dedicated to pantheon of gods.
2. Sama Veda is the knowledge of chants.
3. Yajur Veda is the knowledge of rites, the collection of verses from the hymns recited
by priests during sacrifices.
4. Atharva Veda is the knowledge given by the sage.
Each Vedas consists of four main parts which are the following
1. Mantras are the hymns and chants praising god.
2. Brahmanas are the explanation of the Mantras with detailed description of the
sacrificial ceremonies.
3. Aranyakas are meditations that explicate their meaning, and
4. Upanishads or the secret teaching transcend rituals to elucidate the nature of the
universe and human connectiveness to it is also called Vedanta (Brown 1987).
(Knowledge), the oldest core of Hindu religious utterance, and organized through the
centuries primarily by members of the learned Brahman class. Here, several characteristic
tensions appear. One concerns the relationship between the divine and the world. Another
tension concerns the disparity between the world-preserving ideal of dharma and that of
moksha (release from an inherently flawed world). A third tension exists between individual
destiny, as shaped by karma (the influence of one's actions on one's present and future lives),
and
II. the individual's deep bonds to family, society, and the divinities associated with these
concepts.

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 Facilitating Activity

Activity 1. Modified true or False Write the letter T if the statement is true and write the
correct word if the statement is false.
_____1. In Hinduism one may skip the cycle of rebirth or incarnation.
_____2. There are over 500 million devas or gods in Hinduism.
_____3. The Ramayana contains 24000verses in 6 books.
_____4. Vishnu is the god of love, benevolence and forgiveness.
_____5. Kocheri R. Narayanan is a dalit who became the tenth president of India.
_____6. Brahma is the founder of Hinduism
_____7. The festival of lights is held annually around August or September.
_____8. Those who practice Shaivism value self-discipline and philosophy.
_____9. The Vedas were passed down through written texts.
_____10. Bhagavad Gitais also known as the Lord’s song

Activity 2: Make a triple Venn Diagram identify the kind of worship, similarity among the
Abrahamic religion

Christianity

Islam Judaism

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Activity 3. Explain the four Vedic concepts of the Hindu Beliefs and the four main parts of
Vedas using the following Schematic Diagram.

VEDAS

the four main

parts of
Vedas

SCORING RUBRIC

Indicators 5 4 3
Excellent Very Good Good Points
Obtained
Organization Very organized. Quite organized. No organization at
Sentences and Sentences and ideas are all.
ideas are well- not properly arranged. It is
arranged. It is easy quite easy to understand
to understand and and follow.
follow.
Concept All concepts are Concepts are clear. Rarely understand
clearly used and the concept
explained
Presentation The ideas were The ideas presented is The ideas
clearly presented somewhat relevant to the presented has no
based on the words topic relevance to the
used topic

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 III. Evaluation: Write the letter of the correct answer.

_____1. Which of the following religion considered as the oldest and most complex of all world
religion?
a. Buddhism b. Hinduism c. Confucianism d. Shintoism
_____2. What does Veda mean? a. knowledge b. love c. wisdom d. sacrifice.
_____3. Which of the following Veda that is a collection of verses from the hymns recited by
priests during sacrifices?
a. Rig Veda b. Atharva Veda c. Yajur Veda d. Sama Veda
_____4. What kind of Veda that contain hymns and chants praising god?
a. Mantras b. Brahmanas c. Aranyakas d. Upanishads
______5. Which of the following Hindu belief that influence of one's actions on one's present and
future lives? a. Brahman b Upanishads c. Karma d. Moksha

III Reflection
The most interesting thing I learned
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Day 2 :

I. Mini Lesson A. The Story: Beliefs and doctrines

Another dimension drawing Hindus into a single
community of discourse is narrative. For at least two
millennia, people in almost all corners of India—and now
well beyond—have responded to stories of divine play
and of interactions between gods and humans. These
stories concern major figures in the Hindu pantheon:

 Krishna and his lover Radha

 Rama and his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana,
 Shiva and his consort Parvati (or, in a different
birth, Sati), and
 The Great Goddess Durga, or Devi, as a slayer
of the buffalo demon Mahisasura.
Often such narratives illustrate the interpenetration of the divine and human spheres,
with deities such as Krishna and Rama entering entirely into the human drama. Many tales
focus in different degrees on genealogies of human experience, forms of love, and the struggle
between order and chaos or between duty and play. In generating, performing, and listening
to these stories, Hindus have often experienced themselves as members of a single imagined
family. Yet, simultaneously, these narratives serve to articulate tensions connected with
righteous behavior and social inequities. Thus, the Ramayana, traditionally a testament of
Rama's righteous victories, is sometimes told by women performers as the story of Sita's
travails 4
 at Rama's hands. In north India lower-caste musicians present religious epics such as Alha or
Dhola in terms that reflect their own experience of the world rather than the upper-caste milieu
of the great Sanskrit.

BELIEFS AND DOCTRINES

The Hindu faith offers its followers many paths to salvation. Their devotion to Trimurti.
The central to Hinduism.

 Brahma- widely respected and recognized as the creator of the universe. His chief
consort is Saraswati, the goddess of science and wisdom
 Vishnu – is known as god of love, benevolence and forgiveness. Vishnu’s consort is
Lakhmi , the goddess of fortune who seated on a Lotus between elephants.
 Shiva – the destroyer, the god of death, destruction and disease. His most terrifying
consort is Kali depicted as wearing a garland of human skulls, tearing the flesh of
sacrificed victims and drinking blood.
Table 1 The Incarnations or Avatars of Vishnu
Incarnation Form Attributes
Matsya Fish Saved humanity and the sacred Veda texts from flood
Kurma Turtle Helped create the world by supporting it on his back
Varaha Boar Raised the earth out of the water with his tusks
Narasimba Half-man-half-Lion Destroyed a tyrant king
Vamana dwarf Subdued king Bali, a powerful demon
Parshurama Brahmin Destroyed the warrior class
Rama Man Rescued his wife Sita and killed the demon Ravana
Krishna man Told the epic poem Bhagavad Gita to the warrior Arjuna
Buddha man The enlightened one

II. Facilitating Activities

a. Complete the diagram below with their beliefs on trimurti. You will be rated
according to the rubric below.
SCORING RUBRIC
Expert 15 points Accomplished 12 points Capable 10 points
The concept written are The concept written in an The concept written had less
appropriate and with appropriate and with impact impact and inappropriate
interesting impact

Trimurti

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b. List down the incarnation of Vishnu with their attributes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

III.Evaluation : Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided for.

______1. Who is called the 10 -headed demon king?

a. Krishna b. Rama c. Ravana d. Durga
______2.Among the Hindu god, who is known as god of love, benevolence and
forgiveness?
a.Shiva b. Durga c. Brahma d. Vishnu
_____3. Shiva the destroyer, the god of death, destruction and disease. Who is his
most terrifying consort who depicted as wearing a garland of human skulls,
tearing the flesh of sacrificed victims and drinking blood?
a. Durga b. Lakhsmi c. Saraswati d. Kali
_____4. Which of the following form of Matsya, Avatars of Vishnu that Saved humanity
and the sacred Veda texts from flood?
a. fish b. turtle c. boar d. man
_____5. What do you call to traditional testament of Rama's righteous victories, is
sometimes told by women performers as the story of Sita's travails at Rama's
hands?
a. Vedas b. Ramayana c. Mahayana d. Upanishads

IV. Reflection
The important things I learn are:
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
I would like to ask more about
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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Day 3: The routes to Moksha
From the Upanishad one may find the three principal and interrelated doctrines.
1. Every soul die and reborn anew in a new form (Samsara)
2. One’s deeds have an effect in this or a future life.
3. One may escape the weary round of death and birth -Moksha (Parrinder, 1971)
Every human is an eternal soul (atman) that is being reborn many times and in various forms
in accordance to moral law (karma) (Bowler, 1997)

The particular liberation can be achieved through the four yoga’s that involves a
system of practice aimed in producing spiritual enlightenment
The word yoga is derived from the root word Yuj which translates as” to yoke” or” to
join”
The Four Yoga Practices
Jnana Yoga (The way of knowledge) The path of knowledge, wisdom introspection, and
contemplation
Bhakti Yoga (The way of love) The path of devotion, emotion, love, compassion, and service
to God and others.
Karma Yoga (The way of Work) The path of action, service to others mindfulness and
remembering the levels of our being while fulfilling our action
or karma in the world.
Raja Yoga (The way to meditation) The path of meditation that directly deals with the encountering
and transcending thoughts of mind.
Source: http:// hinduism.iskcon/org/practice

II Facilitating Activities: Do the activity ask from you with the following rubric as basis for
your performance
SCORING RUBRIC

Indicators 10 8 7 6
Excellent Very Good Good Points
Obtained
Organization Very organized. Quite organized. No organization at
Sentences and Sentences and ideas are all.
ideas are well- not properly arranged. It is
arranged. It is easy quite easy to understand
to understand and and follow.
follow.
Concept All concepts are Concepts are clear. Rarely understand
clearly used and the concept
In Hindusim, there are desirable goals of life or purusharta .
explained
Presentation The ideas were The ideas presented is The ideas
 Dharma – appropriate behavior
clearly presented somewhat relevant to the presented has no
based on the words topic relevance to the
 Artha – theused
pursuit of legitimate worldly success topic
 Kama- the pursuit of legitimate pleasure
 Moksha-release from rebirth

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1. What are the different Yoga in Hindu belief?

The four Yoga Practices

2. Draw a pyramid in attaining Moksha?

III Evaluation: Match column A with Column B. Write the letter of the best answer.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
_____1.Jnana Yoga a. the way of love
_____2. Bhakti Yoga b. The way of Work
_____3.Karma Yoga c. The way to meditation
_____4. Raja Yoga d. eternal soul
_____5. atman e. The way of knowledge

IV Reflection

How is your own belief similar to Hindu belief?

____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Day 4
I. Mini Lesson: Worship and Observances

Hindu scriptures state that there are 330 million gods and devas.
These includes manifestation of natural phenomena, evil forces, even illnesses. Below
are the festivals celebrated by a Hindu in a year.

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 Month Name of Festival Significance
January Lohri Celebrated in the Punjab , this marks the end of winter
February Pongal - Sankranti A feast held in South India to celebrate the rice harvest.
March Holi The National celebration of spring and the New Year
March Shivaratri A national honoring of Shiva, worshippers fast during the
day and all-night vigil is held in Shiva temples.
April Sri Vaishnavas An honoring of Vishnu and his consort Sri, celebrated in
Madras at the beginning of the hot season, images of
Vishnu are taken from the temples to the seashore
May Rathyatra The birthday of Lord Jaganath, celebrated with chariots in
Puri
August Janmashtami The birthday OF Krishna, celebrated nationally,
worshippers fast during the day and break the fast in the
evening following a special puja or worship
September Dusserah A celebration of the triumph of good over evil inn honor
of Durga or Rama
September Ganesh Chaturthi The birthday of Ganesh, celebrated nationally throughout
India. Huge images of Ganesh are paraded
October Diwali A national celebration in honor of Rama and his consort
World Religion John Bowler 1997p.37

Pilgrimages are also undertaken by Hindus throughout India to visit the sacred shrines of their
deities. These include rivers, mountains and temples. The city of Varanasi also called
Benares. Is the most important and sacred pilgrimage site in India and is considered as home
of Shiva.

II SUBDIVISION
The followers of Hinduism vary in their set of beliefs and practices including
reverence to a particular god. Presently, there are four principal denomination within the Hindu
faith.
 Shaivaism – Lord Shiva, the compassionate one. They were self-discipline and
philosophy . They worship in temples and practice yoga.

I. Shaktism – the goddess
Facilitating ActivitiesEvaluation
Shakti is supreme, the divine mother and assumes many
forms. They use chants, magic and yoga to summon cosmic forces.
 Vaishnavism – Their Lord is Vishnu, the incarnation of Krishna and Rama Adherents
have multitudes of saints, temples, and sacred texts.
 Smartism- devotees are left to choose their own deity in one six manifestations namely
Ganesha, Siva, Shakti, Vishnu, Surya and Skanda. Smartas are known as liberals as
they embrace all major Hindu gods.

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SELECTED ISSUES

1. Hinduism and women

 In Manu smriti or the” Law of Manu” states that women should be honored in Hindu society.
A woman’s life revolves around the men in her life to be taken-care of by her father in
childhood, by her husband in married life and by her sons upon old age. Women are
expected to perform Sati or Suttee wherein widowed women are expected to jump on the
funeral pyre of their husband to prove their loyalty and help save the soul of their husband
in the afterlife.
2. Caste System
The caste system is one major distinguishing feature in Indian culture that still affects the
modern society. A system of social class composed of:
 Brahmins - whatever their worldly avocations, claim to have by virtue of their
birth the authority to teach the Veda, perform ritual sacrifices for others, and
accept gifts and subsistence.
 The Kshatriyas is to protect the people and that of the commoners.
 The Vaishyas is to tend cattle, to trade, and to cultivate land.
 the duty of the fourth class the Shudras was to serve the others. According
to Hindu tradition, the Veda should not be studied in the presence of Shudras,
but they may listen to the recitation of epics and Puranas.
 However the most deplorable group are those person that do not belong to any group –
those who are disparagingly called “Outcast or Untouchables “also known as Dalits, they
are highly ostracized in the society.
 Despite the negative backlash on the caste system, India has been receptive enacting
legislative aimed at eradicating inherent social evils. The Indian constitution has provided
unlawful discrimination against lower caste. Kocherii R. Narayanan is a dalit who become
the tenth president of India from 1997-2002.

II. Facilitating Activities: Another activity to test your mastery on the lesson
learned. The rubric below will be used in rating your skills.
SCORING RUBRIC
Indicators 15 13 10
Excellent Very Good Good
Relevance Information written in the output Information written in the Information written in the
is very relevant to the topic output is somewhat relevant output has no relevance to
to the topic the topic
Organization Very organized. Sentences and Quite organized. Sentences No organization at all.
ideas are well-arranged. It is and ideas are not properly
easy to understand and follow. arranged. It is quite easy to
understand and follow.
Completeness All points for the output All points for the output All points for the output
discussed are meet with discussed are meet but discussed are not meet with
complete parts. lacking three to five details. incomplete parts.

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 a.Hindu Festivals

b.Subdivision Practices

a. What are the different issues

regarding women and the social
classes in Hindu belief?

Evaluation:
Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following religion considered as the oldest and most complex of all world religion ?
a. Buddhism b. Hinduism c. Confucianism d. Shintoism
2. What does Veda means? a. knowledge b. love c. wisdom d. sacrifice.
3. Who is Brahma’s chief consort which is called as the goddess of of science and wisdom
a. Sita b. Ravana c. Lakshmi d. Saraswati
4. Among the trimurti which of the following is widely respected and recognized as the creator of the
universe?
a. Brahman b. Vishnu c. Shiva d. Pandava
5. What is the root word of Yoga which translates as “ to yoke or to join”?
a. Jur b. Yuj c. Joy d. Yoj
6. Among the four Vedas, what is the most important and oldest book?
a. Rig Veda b. Yajur Veda c. Sama Veda d. Atharva Veda
7. What is the Desirable goal of life among Hindus?
a. Upanishads b. Samsara c. Atman d. Moksha
8. Which of the following laws that women should be honored in Hindu society but regarded women as
inferior to man in all aspects of life.
a. Natures law b. Code of Hammurabi c. Law of Manu d. Shiri’a La
9. Which of the following city is considered as the most sacred pilgrimage site and home of Shiva
a. Kuruksheta b. Ayodha c. Varanasi d. Mathura
10. What makes Hinduism belief particularly its polytheistic nature complex for other people?
a. Hinduism is the world’s oldest organized religion
b. Hindu followers vary in their set of beliefs and practices
c. The foundation of Hinduism may originate from the customs of the early people in Indus
Valley.
d. The Hindus believe in many gods and goddesses and they worship them.

IV. Reflection: How does the Hinduism belief affects most of the Asean believers especially the
following below
1.Trimurti 2.The Different Vedas 3.The Different Yoga

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References:
Hinduism. (2012). Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference
Suite. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica.
Introduction to World Religion and Belief System , Jerome A. Ong, Mary Dorothy dl Jose,
Department of Education, Republic of the Philippines
http:// hinduism.iskcon/org/practice

Quality Assured/Evaluated By:

1. Glen Ivy Igdon

2. Jennifer Cantar
3. Jose Lim II

Estrelita Ampo-Pena
Education Program Supervisor in English

Reviewed By:

Evelyn F. Importante
OIC- CID Chief EPS

Raymond M. Salvador
OIC- Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Jerry C. Bokingkito
OIC- Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dr. Jeanelyn A. Aleman, CESO VI

OIC-Schools Division Superintendent

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