CONJUNCTION
What is a conjunction?
A conjuction is a word that has a function as a link between words for words, phrases with
phrases and clauses with clauses.
Three kinds of conjunction:
1. One Word. For example: and, but, because, even though, or.
2. Correlative, for example: so ... that, good ... and, not ... or, etc.
3. Compound (usually ending in as or that), for example: as, in order that, etc.
Types of Conjunctions
There are three types of conjunctions:
1. Development Coordination
Coordinating Conjuction is combining equivalent sentences. By using conjunctions
such as and or both. However, this sentence can stand alone even though it is not served by
conjuction. The coordination functions include:
a. Indicates Addition
Conjunction conjunctions that are commonly used include and, both .... and,
also, not only ... but also, as well as, and no less than.
Example:
Mery and John will spend a heir holiday in IIndonesia.
She is both a teacher and a writer.
b. Shows Options
The conjunction used includes neither..nor or, else, otherwise, and either ... or.
The same sentence.
Example:
You can take either the white candy or the red one.
You can take neither the white candy nor the red one.
c. Show Controversy
The connecting words used include but, sttll, yet, nevertheless, however,
where as, and while.
Example:
Mrs. Nia is kind but her sister isn’t.
Rudi is quite dilligent, neverthless he often forget.
I would like to go; however, I haven’t got money.
d. Shows Conclusions
The connecting words used are, between so, so then, then, for, and therefore.
Example:
My servant was sick: therefore, she couldn’t help me to sweep the floor.
I’m ready; so, let s go now.
You have to be diligent; therefore, you get good score.
2. Correlative Conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions have the same function as a liaison between sentence
elements between words for words, phrases with phrases, and clauses with clauses. This
conjunction is always used in pairs.
In the correlatne conyuction, the connected sentence elements must have an equal
position (parallel), in accordance with the grammatical structure. Singular and plural
subjects are linked, so the closest subject will determine whether the verb is singular or
plural
The conjunctions used in the correlave conjunctions include:
Both ... and
Either..or
Not only ... but also
Whether ... or
Nether .... nor both ... and
3. Subordinating Conjunction
Subordinating Conjunction functions to connect the main sentence with the
clause. Example:
The subordinating conjunction, among others, rather than, although, as, as if. As long
as, as soon as, as thogh, because, before, and eveExampl
The functions of the Subordinating Conjuction include:
a. Additional information
Rin said that she would invite me
They love each other until the rest of their life.
b. Causality
He cold not go to school because she was sick.
Since I have studied hard I could answer all question.
c. Effect or Effect
This meat hall is so hot that I cannot eat it.
He walked so far that made himself tired.
d. Purpose and objectives
You have to drink much in order that you can run around the yard.
I have to pray dilligently thatl can pass this life easily.
e. Terms
You will get much money if you work hard.
I will cook delicious food if you give some money.
f. Statement of Succumbing
He worked all day even though he was sick.
She will probably try however she may fail.
g. Show Controversy
The conjunctions used are among others but, sttll, however, nevertheless,
where, and while.
Mrs. Nia is good but her sister is not.
Rudi is quite diligent, but he often forgets.
I want to go; However, I don’t have money.
h. Shows Conclusions
Connecting words used, between so, so, then, for, and because of it.
My maid is sick; because of this, she cannot help me sweep the floor.
I am ready; so let’s go now.
You have to be diligent; therefore, you get a good score.
2. Correlation Conjunctions
A correlative conjunction has the same function as a liaison between sentence elements
between words for words, phrases with phrases, and clauses with clauses. This conjunction is
always used in pairs.
In the correlation connection, the elements of the sentence that are placed must have their
equivalents (parallel), according to the grammatical structure. The subject is singular and
plural, so the closest subject will determine whether the verb is singular or plural
The conjunctions used in the correlation include:
Well ... and
Good..or
Not only ... but also
Whether ... or
Both…. and…….
3. Subordination Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions among other things rather than, though, as it were. As
long as, as fast as, like thogh, because, before, and even if.
The functions of the Subordinating Conjuction include:
a. Additional Information (Apposition)
Dinda said that she would take me.
They love each other for the rest of their lives.
b. Cause and Effect Relationship (Cause and Effect)
He didn’t go to cold school because he was sick.
Since I have studied hard I can answer all questions.
c. Influence or Effect (impact)
This meat hall is so hot that I can’t eat it.
He walked that far until he was tired.
d. Purpose and Purpose
You have to drink a lot to run around the yard.
I have to pray diligently so that I can get through this life with ease.
e. Terms (Conditions)
You will get a lot of money if you work hard.
I will cook good food if you give money.
f. Confession (Concession)
He worked all day even though he was sick.
He might try however he might fail.
g. Comparison (Comparison)
My brother is as smart as my father
My house is more expensive than yours.
You are the highest in the class
h. Way (Manner)
He won because he studied hard.
He walked more slowly
i. Time (Time)
Nina can borrow my computer while I go to school.
I will be beside you as long as I live.
Conjuction Functions
1. And
And is used to connect something that is equivalent/similar.
Example:
We bought books and pencil cases at the bookstore.
Indonesta has two seasons. Namely the rainy season and dry season.
There are cars and buses on the road.
2. But
But is a conjunction that shows a difference.
Example:
Maddi Jane is a great singer but she is talented.
The elephant is big but kind.
3. Or
Or is a conjunction used to express an option.
Example:
Do you want the best cheese or chocolate?
What sports do you like swimming or swimming?
Who made this juice for your mother or sister?
Tokyo or Firlandia you like?
