REFLECTION FOR DEVELOPMENT MATTERS: SPECIFIC AREAS AND
CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE LEARNING
1. Individual characteristic of a Child: There are 4 main characteristics of the child. They are as
follows:
• Temperament
• Personality
• Gender
• Individual learning needs
• Temperament: Temperament broadly refers to consistent individual differences in behaviour that
are biologically based and are relatively independent of learning, system of values and attitudes.
• Personality: Temperamental characteristics are closely linked with personality.
• Gender: Every child should be aware of own gender and cultural background and society’s views
and parental control.
• Individual learning needs: It is on own expert and remedial support.
2. Specific areas of development and learning: There are four major areas under the specific areas
of development and learning. They are as follows:
• Literacy: Literacy is popularly understood as an ability to read and write in at least one method
of writing, an understanding reflected by mainstream dictionaries.
• Mathematics: Enabling environment for effective practices. Provide sufficient time, space, re-
sources and encourage to discover and learn new concepts and ideas in mathematics.
• Understanding the world: Help the children explore whatever they can and plan activities outdoor
for exposure. Encourage children to help each other in public places.
• Expressive art and design: The design and expressive art is strongly linked with play. The chil-
dren should explore more opportunities to share thoughts and ideas in the field of art, music and
other extra curricular activities.
3. Characteristics of effective learning: There are three main characteristics in the effective learn-
ing. They are as follows:
• Concept of learning: It is the starting point for a child. Learning combines knowledge, skills, ac-
tions etc.
• Engagement: It deals with value of play, types of play and play as a method. All these has to be
done with the kids to make them learn effectively.
• Motivation: The motivation is into two places intrinsic vs extrinsic and also active learning.
• Thinking: Developing 1st century critical thinking and lifelong learning. Understanding the rela-
tionship and what exists and interdependencies. It helps in thinking processes and improves
imagination, combination, discovery and rethinking.