Mansi Final File
Mansi Final File
PROJECT REPORT
ON
SESSION: 2020-2022
This is to state that project report titled “A Project Report on profile of handmade crafts by
Mansi using HTML”is based on original work carried out by me under the supervision of Dr.
Shelley Khosla [Associate Prof. RBIM] towards Partial Fulfillment of the Degree of Master of
Business Administration of the IKG Punjab Technical University.
Date :
Place:
SIGNATURE
PREFACE
This is the Integeral part of my Academic career and has been prepared being in “RayatBahra
Institute of Management, Hoshiarpur ”. The project was under towards course of Master of
Business Administration.
I have put my best attempt to complete this project. The aim of the research study the profile of
handmade crafts by Mansi using HTML . In the first phase, there is an introduction to subject
and survey of the literature is given. After that the collected data is to be an analysed and
Interpret. In the last phase, report finding, suggestions and conclusion have been drawn.
This Report has been prepared keeping all the factors in mind and it includes the basic concept
of handmade Crafts.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A work without the blessing and the guidance of experienced is always half done and
unsatisfactory.The task of completing this project needs knowledge,experience& guidance of the
prominent person. My abundant and most sincere thanks goes to the honorable guide Dr. Shelley
Khosla (Associate Professor in RBIM) for providing me with the necessary facilities to carry out
project successfully.
I convey my gratitude to all those who are directly or indirectly related in the completion of this
project report.
Mansi Pathak
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction to topic
Objectives
Scope of the project
Limitation of the project
Literature Review
Problem Definition
System Analysis and Design
Findings
Suggestions
Conclusion
Bibliography
INTRODUCTION TO TECHNOLOGY
A web browser is not the same thing as a search engine, though the two are often confused.[1]
[2] A search engine is a website that provides links to other websites. However, to connect to a
website's server and display its web pages, a user must have a web browser installed.[3]
<html>
<head>
<title>Page title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
CSS INTRODUCTION
What is CSS?
Here we will show one HTML page displayed with four different stylesheets. Click on the
"Stylesheet 1", "Stylesheet 2", "Stylesheet 3", "Stylesheet 4" links below to see the different
styles:
CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
CSS is among the core languages of the open web and is standardized across Web browsers
according to W3C specifications. Previously, development of various parts of CSS specification
was done synchronously, which allowed versioning of the latest recommendations. You might
have heard about CSS1, CSS2.1, CSS3. However, CSS4 has never become an official version.
Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked
together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.
As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML to
simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it
to display.
Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like
headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information
between researchers.
Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available
in HTML language.
Basic HTML Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>
This is a heading
Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked
together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.
As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML to
simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it
to display.
Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like
headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information
between researchers.
Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available
in HTML language.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>
</html>HTML Tags
As told earlier, HTML is a markup language and makes use of various tags to format the
content. These tags are enclosed within angle braces <Tag Name>. Except few tags, most of
the tags have their corresponding closing tags. For example, <html> has its closing
tag </html> and <body> tag has its closing tag </body> tag etc.
1 <!DOCTYPE...>
This tag encloses the complete HTML document and mainly comprises of
document header which is represented by <head>...</head> and document body
which is represented by <body>...</body> tags.
3 <head>
This tag represents the document's header which can keep other HTML tags like
<title>, <link> etc.
4 <title>
The <title> tag is used inside the <head> tag to mention the document title.
5 <body>
This tag represents the document's body which keeps other HTML tags like
<h1>, <div>, <p> etc.
6 <h1>
7 <p>
To learn HTML, you will need to study various tags and understand how they behave, while
formatting a textual document. Learning HTML is simple as users have to learn the usage of
different tags in order to format the text or images to make a beautiful webpage.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends to use lowercase tags starting from HTML
4.
HTML Document Structure
<html>
<head>
Document header related tags
</head>
<body>
Document body related tags
</body>
</html>
We will study all the header and body tags in subsequent chapters, but for now let's see what is
document declaration tag.
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration tag is used by the web browser to understand the version of the
HTML used in the document. Current version of HTML is 5 and it makes use of the following
declaration −
<!DOCTYPE html>
There are many other declaration types which can be used in HTML document depending on
what version of HTML is being used. We will see more details on this while discussing <!
DOCTYPE...> tag along with other HTML tags.
Basic Elements:
The basic elements of an HTML page are:
The next few pages will give an overview of these basic HTML elements.
Each element can also have attributes - each element has a different set of attributes relevant to
the element. There are a few global elements, the most common of them are:
id - Denotes the unique ID of an element in a page. Used for locating elements by using
links, JavaScript, and more.
class - Denotes the CSS class of an element. Explained in the CSS Basics tutorial.
style - Denotes the CSS styles to apply to an element. Explained in the CSS
Basics tutorial.
data-x attributes - A general prefix for attributes that store raw information for
programmatic purposes. Explained in detailed in the Data Attributes section.
As we've seen in the last example, a paragraph is a block of text separated from the rest of the
text around it.
Let's see an example of the <h1>, <h2> and <p> tags in action:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Horizontal rulers
A horizontal ruler <hr> tag acts as a simple separator between page sections.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<hr>
</body>
</html>
YourFirst10HTMLTags
An HTML tag is a special word or letter surrounded by angle brackets, < and >. You use tags to
create HTML elements, such as paragraphs or links.
1 Many elements have an opening tag and a closing tag — for example, a p (paragraph) element
has a <p> tag, followed by the paragraph text, followed by a closing </p> tag.
Some elements don’t have a closing tag. These are called empty elements. For example,
the br element for inserting line breaks is simply written <br>.
If you’re working with XHTML then you write empty elements using self-closing tags — for
example, <br />.
The head element contains information about the web page, as opposed to the web page content
itself. There are many elements that you can put inside the head element, such as:
title (described below)
link, which you can use to add style sheets and favicons to your page
meta, for specifying things like character sets, page descriptions, and keywords for
search engines
Here’s a typical head element:
<head>
<meta name="description" content="The adventures of my favourite pet cat Lucky, with stories,
pictures and movies.">
</head>
The title element contains the title of the page. The title is displayed in the browser’s title bar
(the bar at the top of the browser window), as well as in bookmarks, search engine results, and
many other places.
The title should describe the page’s content succinctly and accurately. Try to give each page of
your site its own unique title.
Here’s an example:
The body element appears after the head element in the page. It should contain all the content of
your web page: text, images, and so on. All web pages have 1 single body element, with the
exception of frameset pages, which contain frame elements instead.
<body>
</body>
Headings let you break up your page content into readable chunks. They work much like
headings and subheadings in a book or a report.
6. <p> … </p> — A paragraph
The p element lets you create paragraphs of text. Most browsers display paragraphs with a
vertical gap between each paragraph, nicely breaking up the text.
While you can create “paragraphs” of text just by using <br> tags to insert blank lines between
chunks of text, it’s better to use p elements instead. Not only is it neater, but it gives browsers,
search engines and other non-humans a better idea of how your page is structured.
<p>My cat Lucky has a lot of adventures. Yesterday she caught a mouse, and this morning she
caught two!</p>
A good rule of thumb when writing text for the web is to make sure that each paragraph contains
a single point, topic or thought. If you want to talk about 2 different things, use 2 paragrap
HTML stands for HyperTextMarkup Language. It is used to design web pages using a markup
language. HTML is the combination of Hypertext and Markup language. Hypertext defines the
link between the web pages. A markup language is used to define the text document within tag
which defines the structure of web pages. This language is used to annotate (make notes for the
computer) text so that a machine can understand it and manipulate text accordingly. Most
markup languages (e.g. HTML) are human-readable. The language uses tags to define what
manipulation has to be done on the text.
HTML is a markup language used by the browser to manipulate text, images, and other content,
in order to display it in the required format. HTML was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991.
The first-ever version of HTML was HTML 1.0, but the first standard version was HTML 2.0,
published in 1999.
White space (spaces, newlines, tabs, and comments) may appear before or after each section.
Sections 2 and 3 should be delimited by the HTML element.
A valid HTML document declares what version of HTML is used in the document.
The document type declaration names the document type definition (DTD) in use for the
document (see [ISO8879]).
HTML 4.01 specifies three DTDs, so authors must include one of the following document type
declarations in their documents. The DTDs vary in the elements they support.
A valid HTML document declares what version of HTML is used in the document.
The document type declaration names the document type definition (DTD) in use for the
document (see [ISO8879]).
HTML 4.01 specifies three DTDs, so authors must include one of the following document type
declarations in their documents. The DTDs vary in the elements they support.
The HTML 4.01 Strict DTD includes all elements and attributes that have not
been deprecated or do not appear in frameset documents. For documents that use this
DTD, use this document type declaration:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
The HTML 4.01 Transitional DTD includes everything in the strict DTD plus deprecated
elements and attributes (most of which concern visual presentation). For documents that
use this DTD, use this document type declaration:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
The HTML 4.01 Frameset DTD includes everything in the transitional DTD plus frames
as well. For documents that use this DTD, use this document type declaration:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">
HTML is very easy to learn and understand. HTML is the first and foremost language that the
person will go through for the one who is learning web development. It has simple tags, and
there is no hectic of case sensitivity in HTML. It simply has some tags that serve a specific
purpose, and that’s it. One can easily understand other’s code and can make changes in it if
required as there is not a lot more to understand in it. Moreover, it does not throw any error or
create any problem like other programming languages if the developer forgets to close the tags or
make some mistakes in code.
2. HTML is Free
One of the biggest advantages of HTML is that it is free of cost, and there is no need to purchase
specific software. One should not have to deal with different plugins required to work on any
software as HTML does not require any plugins. So it is very cost-effective from a per business
perspective as there is no cost of purchasing the license if the whole website is developed in
HTML language.
HTML supports almost all browsers around the globe. So there is no need to worry about the
website written in HTML for the browser support as the website would easily show up in all the
browsers if the program keeps in mind to optimize the website for the different browsers. HTML
provides an easy way to optimize the website in HTML according to browsers to the web
developers.
4. HTML is the Most Friendly Search Engine
HTML is one of the most friendly search engines in comparison to all the programming
languages available in the market (Search Engine friendly means delivering users quality
websites with relevant information when searched for a particular one). It is quite easier to create
SEO compliant websites using HTML than other programming languages. HTML websites are
easier to read and accessed by web crawlers and hence reduces parsing time and the page load
time of the website hence improving its performance.
INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC
Like folk art, handicraft output often has cultural and/or religious significance, and increasingly
may have a political message as well, as in craftivism. Many crafts become very popular for brief
periods of time (a few months, or a few years), spreading rapidly among the crafting population
as everyone emulates the first examples, then their popularity wanes until a later resurgence
OBJECTIVES
To make reusability of waste materials.
To improve the creativity and skills.
To earn money with self employment by making it as an online platform to show out
artisary works.
To make maximum utilization of raw materials available in surroundings.
SCOPE OF PROJECT
Handmade home decor business is fun if you are passionate about making home decor items.
The business will give you more work and that too with lesser to no commuting necessity. It will
result in more working hours and higher growth opportunities.
The best thing about the handmade decor business is that you can start the business from your
home at your own pace and schedule time according to your convenience. There are no fixed
tedious working hours. You can always plan your work and break timings.
3. Low-risk rate
Market risk is low as there is no market dependency, and it requires lower monetary investment.
The business depends solely on the taste of the customers and the new trends in the handmade
decor market.
In a handmade decor business, the profit rate is always higher. There are many unnecessary
costs and taxes that are imposed while selling products to customers. In the handmade products’
business model, direct customer dealings are preferred in most cases, eliminating intermediaries.
It causes a higher profit margin within a limited investment.
Isn't the handmade decor business a profitable business idea in India? Are you excited to
launch your quirky store of handmade decorating items? If so, check out the detailed pointers
listed to know how you can set up a handmade home decor business in India.
1. Pick an Apt Business Model
Selecting an apt business model can create any business idea's growth or success path, be it a
small-sized business or a large-sized MNC. It would be best to choose the appropriate and best
suitable business model for your handmade decor business based on your budget and other
dependent factors. Currently, three business models are prominent in the handmade products
business domain:
The Online Shop or Store: You can sell your handmade products via various social
media platforms and online website stores or customised and dedicated websites in this
business model.
The Marketplace Seller: You can sell your handmade products in a physical shop, in a
marketplace or a store in a mall or a shopping complex in this
LIMITATIONS
It can be expensive to start up, particularly if you have to buy equipment and materials
It may take a while to become established and start getting orders
If your craft is time consuming or requires expensive materials it may be difficult to set a
price where you are getting a fair hourly wage
It takes a long time to set up any new business and make it profitable
If you are starting around a full-time job then you will need to work on your business in
evenings and weekends which may impact on your family time
You might get fed up making the same products over and over again (but you could
easily turn this into a positive by changing your product lines every few months!)
LITERATURE REVIEW
The group or individual understand and can prioritize the current challenges that they require to
improve. Another approach for problem definition is the 5W1H approach: Who, What, Where,
When, Why and How.
If you are like me when you think of ‘problems’ that need solving you think first of big issues
like, world hunger, gun violence…
Handmade products aren’t going to solve those problems, that’s for sure.
You might think of other issues people regularly seem to seek to fix like weight loss or better
health or learning a new language or skill. Again, likely your product doesn’t address those.
THE PROBLEMS YOUR PRODUCT DOES SOLVE ARE WORTHY OF INVESTMENT.
The people who have those problems absolutely agree.
Your non-essential, luxury, just for fun, handmade item DOES solve someone’s problem though.
To figure out what problem that might be, you need to expand your understanding of what a
problem is.
People face problems every day. Usually, they are ‘minor’ compared to the sort of problems we
tend to think of when we think of ‘problems’ that need solving as mentioned above. Minor as
they might be, they are still very real problemsfor the people who face them though. The
solutions aren’t going to belegislative or political, they are going to be products.
Here’s what it could sound like when people have problems that products can solve:
“This one drawer is such a mess…”
“I’m looking for my dream wedding dress.”
“It is so cold in my office.”
“I can’t get comfortable at my desk.”
“I want something to brighten this space.”
“I keep losing my keys in my bag.”
“We need to preserve this memory.”
“Let’s put something special here to mark the spot.”
“It’s their 25th wedding anniversary, I want to give them something special.”
All of these are very real problems for the people seeking solutions.
IDEAL CUSTOMERS
When you are thinking about the ideal customer for your product, you want to be aware of the
problems they face and how your product addresses those problems. You’ll ALWAYS hear
about problem-solving in conjunction with the ideal customer avatar, they go hand in hand.
Once you know what problem your handmade product solves (another way to think of this is
what benefits someone gets from using your product) you can build content and
productdescriptions around the solution. Demonstrating or discussing how your
In our Ideal Customer Match Class (free inside of The Council!) we walk you through a reverse
engineering process that helps you match your product to the person who has the problem it
solves. If you’ve struggled with ideal customer avatar exercises before (who hasn’t?) it’s likely
because the ones you’ve encountered were not created for handmade product sellers, ours was!
You would be shocked at how many questions become easier for you to answer as a business
owner once you understand your ideal customer. For that reason and many others, sorting out
your ideal customer is a worthwhile effort. The main disadvantages of selling handmade
products are that you have much higher production costs than similar products that are mass-
produced, therefore, your product’s prices will be higher. You then must get consumers to
understand why your prices are higher and see the benefits your handmade products provide,
otherwise, they’ll buy the cheaper, mass-produced product.
TIME-CONSUMING
Craft businesses don’t require you to go into as much debt as you would if you were starting a
retail store, restaurant, or business with several employees, but you still must follow the same
laws as most other businesses.
TIME-CONSUMING
Craft businesses don’t require you to go into as much debt as you would if you were starting a
retail store, restaurant, or business with several employees, but you still must follow the same
laws as most other businesses.
On top of getting set up legally, getting a logo designed, building a website/online shop, etc. you
must also make all the stock you plan to sell.
Production hours will require a lot of your time, but you can’t spend all of your working hours
on creating. There are 3 basic components to running a handmade business:
CREATING
MARKETING
SELLING
To sell the products you create, marketing and selling tasks require just as much time as, if not
more than, creating tasks.
There will also be some admin work (e.g. such as paying bills, filing taxes, replying to emails,
etc.).
You must have the time to create all your products and market and sell them.
LOWER PROFITS
Because you’re making the products yourself, your costs are higher than a company that has a
machine make their products.
Although your craftsmanship will allow you to charge more for your product than a mass-
produced, machine-made product, there will likely still be a cap on how much a consumer is
willing to pay.
HIGHER PRICES
Higher prices aren’t necessarily a disadvantage, as there are people who want to spend more on
products to get better quality or something that’s better suited to their needs.
However, you must know how to find those people and properly market and sell to them so
they’re aware of your products and understand why they’re the better option for them.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
In this twenty-first century, research is taking new dimension with the unpredictable
development in information technology. With the aid of this technology, handicraft designs
can be classified and made by utilizing artificial intelligence techniques. The Chinese
handicraft designs will have unique style in the presentation. Using the artificial intelligence
techniques, the arc styles of the handicraft design can be identified and classified. In
complex environment like epidemic or pandemic situations, every user has to focus on the
minor variations in financial aspects. Implementation of artificial intelligent technology will
aid the user to get updated with the market strategy for financial allocation to resources. In
the market, each arc style may have different demands and the charges will improve the
profit for the company and also the country. In this study, the intelligent computer-aided art
and craft design (ICAACD) method is implemented on the financial dataset of China and
analysis is performed. This proposed system is compared with the existing algorithms such
as GNNA, RNNA, and CNNA, and it is observed that the proposed ICAACD method
outperforms with the accuracy of 82%.
1. Introduction
Traditional craft products can only grow if they consistently strengthen design innovation and
actively respond to the market and their consumers’ needs using modern craft technology.
Because of this, the study of traditional craft product design and innovation in today’s intelligent
period has immense practical significance [1]. Technology such as computers and other
intelligent tool software systems play an important role in traditional craft product design,
helping to improve efficiency while also maintaining product quality. Historically, the design of
traditional handicrafts was almost entirely based on the manual design process [2]. There were
several false problems to contend with, as well as limited design efficiency. It is possible to
considerably boost the productivity of traditional craft product design by employing intelligent
technological approaches and a variety of professional intelligent drawing design and modelling
software instead of manual drawing and manual design [2]. Traditional handmade products can
now be completed in smaller amounts with greater precision, enhancing the overall quality of the
design.
Craft products that incorporate intelligent technology into their design also have a positive
impact on product innovation. Traditional craft model-based product design models can be
transcended by the power of intelligent technology, allowing for new product forms [3].
Traditional handicrafts can also benefit from the advantages of intelligent technology, such as its
high interaction and variety of forms. It is possible to use intelligent technologies to mould
objects to incorporate features such as intelligent product information display, speech, and
automatic adjustments. Promoting traditional handicrafts is a strategy for long-term growth [4].
Multiple clever and current technical means have substantially improved the design effectiveness
of traditional handmade goods. Traditional craft goods’ structural qualities and design
requirements necessitate flexible use of intelligent design platform and accompanying tool
software in the age of intelligence [5]. Traditional craft products are being reimagined with the
help of computer and sensor technology in order to incorporate professional sketching and
modelling tools [6]. Sensors and actuators, such as motors and LEDs, can be connected to the
motherboard using a variety of universal standard connector ports. Designers need just to input a
professional computer program to complete the design of traditional craft products automatically,
consistently, and in batches [7]. In order to maximize economic benefits, the traditional process
product can be greatly lowered in design and production costs.
It was easier to cause the designer to block product design and customer demand in the news
since there were few designers who could connect with customers and other people in traditional
handmade product design [8]. In the contemporary age of intelligence, open intelligent design
systems and other new media can be used to enhance the engagement between designers and
clients, product manufacturers, and process learners [9]. Communication, learning, and design all
go hand in hand to produce traditional handicrafts that are both efficient and innovative. In the
case of a traditional craft product, for example, the shape, structure, and colour of the object are
often copied from its predecessors. Live webcasts, digital cameras, and video recording
equipment, as well as methods such as sending bullets and likes to engage the audience, all of
which are aimed at increasing the public acceptance and use of traditional handmade items, can
also be employed [10]. The following considerations must be taken into account when creating
traditional craft items, and designers can also take advantage of the interactive capabilities of the
intelligent design platform to keep tabs on the people who are buying and making them [11]. If
you are going to increase the quality and inventiveness of traditional handcrafted things, you are
going to have to pay attention to their advice on product design and understand exactly what the
problems are [12]. It is possible to create intelligent products employing a wide range of highly
intelligent technologies. Many designers and their clients are using the
If you are going to increase the quality and inventiveness of traditional handcrafted things, you
are going to have to pay attention to their advice on product design and understand exactly what
the problems are [12]. It is possible to create intelligent products employing a wide range of
highly intelligent technologies. Many designers and their clients are using the intelligent design
platform to complete product modelling, colours, and other areas of efficient information sharing
in order to further boost product design efficiency [13]. Effective innovation in the selection of
materials can help traditional handmade product design. In addition, 3D printing or other smart
sensors can be utilized to access more resources for product design and effectively regulate the
cost of product design materials [14]. In addition, clever technology can be used to enhance the
distinctiveness of traditional artisan objects by adding new intelligent characteristics.
Sound can be made by tapping on bamboo weaving craft goods, such as a singing or dancing
instrument [15]. When designing using intelligent technology, designers have access to a wide
range of vibration and ultrasonic sensors, as well as an intelligent design development board and
LED lights with self-programming control software [16]. Plastics and electronic components are
also among the materials that have been utilized in this project. Playing music can be done by
voice command, touch command, or other methods, and the lighting can be altered to produce
different lighting effects, integrating sound and energy [17]. An APP on a mobile phone can now
be used to remotely control traditional craft products using Internet of Things (IoT) technology,
wireless transmission technology, and other intelligent hardware and software based on this
foundation. Economic globalization has led to an increase in competition in the handicraft
industry. Successful handcraft enterprises rely on improving labor productivity by keeping pace
with improvements in science and technology [18]. High-level advantages in global
competitiveness are based on product quality innovations, product development innovations,
brand innovations, and cultural innovations. In the handicraft industry, the number of well-
known brands is very small, and only a handful have a presence outside of the country [19]. As
an intangible asset, “brand” is used to characterise a product’s added value, which includes
everything from the product itself to the company’s innovation to its management to its
positioning in the market to its marketing. Independent brands can propel the handicraft industry
to the top of the global value chain. Traditional media consumption has declined, and the
frequency of Internet use has increased, offering a substantial challenge to the brand
management of traditional handicraft enterprises [20]. Due to increased prices, craft businesses
confront additional challenges. Living standards and wages for workers have increased, which
has led to an increase in labor costs. Handicraft firms must change their distribution techniques
to keep up with the rising cost of materials and transportation. This practice has resulted in
astronomical costs in China’s department store retail industry for many years now. Because of
escalating prices, the department store business has concluded that it must change and
aggressively build its own brand. Sales channels like the Internet and online shopping are
stepping up to increase their territories at the same time that other sales channels are expanding
their territories. More success can be had by coming up with a new business strategy that both
lowers distribution costs and helps customers [21].
Traditional handicraft enterprises spend a lot of time and effort analyzing consumer preferences,
designing products, producing, and selling them. In many circumstances, a product’s peak
popularity period has gone or the season has changed by the time it is officially launched. This
has a negative impact on the
Strategic Systems Planning (SSP) is used to study an organization’s information needs, identify
strategic opportunities and develop a plan to address those information needs.
Strategic systems planning is always performed with an organization’s senior management and is
not undertaken as an end in itself. The objective is to create action by implementing the
Strategic Systems Implementation Plan. To be truly effective, the Strategic System Planning
project must be owned and directed by the organization executive and not by the IS department.
There are several factors that are key to a successful SSP project.
If you’re planning a new website you’re probably eager to see it up and running. But rushing into
things usually results in mistakes that will affect your website’s performance.
Yes, there are a lot of “create a website in 10 minutes” articles out there. But what you’ll
probably get is just another unpopular space on the web. Something that scares your visitors
away rather than converts them to a sale, and that’s once they manage to even find your website
among the competition out there.
That is why you need to understand the importance of planning a website first.
What is even more important is that these factors need to work together to achieve the result you
are looking for. If you don’t pay attention to the look of the website, then it doesn’t matter
how 1: Explain your methodological approach
What research problem or question did you investigate? For example, did you aim to
systematically describe the characteristics of something, to explore an under-researched topic, or
to establish a cause-and-effect relationship? And what type of data did you need to achieve this
aim?
Depending on your discipline and approach, you might also begin with a discussion of the
rationale and assumptions underpinning your methodology.
Why is this the most suitable approach to answering your research questions?
Is this a standard methodology in your field or does it require justification?
Were there any ethical considerations involved in your choices?
What are the criteria for validity and reliability in this type of research?
• Kicking Off the Project - It is important to conduct a formal kickoff meeting. The agenda
should describe who will be involved, what topics will be discussed and what anticipated next
steps look like. In most project kickoff meetings, a project manager is appointed as well as
designated business, marketing and technology stakeholders who can speak to the concerns of
the business.
• Developing a Project Plan - Once individual responsibilities for the team are defined, the
project manager should develop a baseline project plan that documents the work activity tasks,
dependencies, resources and timelines for the individual project elements. X
Commentary - Website projects can fail for a number of reasons, but most commonly, because
they didn't follow a standard methodology. A web development methodology is used to control
the process of developing a website, where each phase builds upon the previous phase and each
phase serves as an input to the following set of activities. Omitting individual phases or not
addressing all aspects of an individual phase can seriously put the project’s success at risk. In
order to be truly effective, there are 4 phases that development must go through, whether for a
new website or the rebrand of an existing site.
• Kicking Off the Project - It is important to conduct a formal kickoff meeting. The agenda
should describe who will be involved, what topics will be discussed and what anticipated next
steps look like. In most project kickoff meetings, a project manager is appointed as well as
designated business, marketing and technology stakeholders who can speak to the concerns of
the business.
• Developing a Project Plan - Once individual responsibilities for the team are defined, the
project manager should develop a baseline project plan that documents the work activity tasks,
dependencies, resources and timelines for the individual project elements.
• Gathering Business Requirements - For most projects, detailed business and user experience
and technical requirements are not well defined. To ensure that you have a comprehensive view
of the requirements, each component of the website should be further defined through a series of
business stakeholder interviews.
• Gathering Technical Requirements - Once the core business requirements have been defined, it
is important to identify third-party tools and applications that can be affected. This effort can
include identifying whether the current infrastructure will support the project or whether new
hardware is appropriate. As part of this effort, you should also focus on setting security
requirements and reviewing licensing policies.
• Gathering User Experience Requirements - To begin, check to determine whether or not your
organization has documented web or style standards. In the event that standards exist, it will be
important to align creative deliverables within these requirements.
While many people think the user experience consists of purely graphic design, the truth is that
the field of information architecture (IA) is equally important. IA affects the overall hierarchy
and organization of information on the website, drives the navigational model and provides a
consistent labeling scheme that aids in clarity for users.
• Creating the Discovery Phase Deliverables - Now that you've completed requirements
gathering, the website development methodology calls for the creation of:
• Starting Development - Focus first on the initial setup and configuration of the three
environments: development, staging and production hosting environments. It is important to note
there are a number of ways the software environment can be configured. While we mentioned a
traditional three-tier hosting environment, each hosting topology is different and unique to each
customer's specific environment.
• Content Migration - Once a framework of the website is complete, the next step is to begin
loading content into the content management system (CMS). Depending on whether or not the
project relates to a new website or a redesign of an existing website, your approach to content
migration may differ. For new website properties, content is typically developed in Microsoft
Word documents. For redesign projects, there are multiple approaches to consider. For example,
using SQL scripts or direct APIs, you can migrate content blocks directly from the previous
installation.
Phase Three: The Quality Assurance Phase
Once implementation is complete, it is time to test. The testing phase of the methodology is
intended to capture and resolve any issues, bugs or problems. If there is one overlooked aspect of
website development, it is typically in the testing process. As you develop use cases, be
expansive and remember to not only cover the tasks described in the business requirements, but
also commonly used website functions, such as search and contact forms. There are two stages of
testing:
System Acceptance Testing - Using internal resources, begin the system testing phase by
documenting specific test cases created using the business and functional requirements obtained
during the Discovery Phase.
• User Acceptance Testing - The final phase of activity before deployment is to conduct user
acceptance testing. With the previous testing phase, you used IT developers and QA staff to do
the testing and issue resolution activities. In this phase, you will use actual end-users to validate
the site experience.
Remember, once the website is launched, you still have ample opportunities to tweak, modify
and enhance the content, layout and functionality of the website. Use this capability to measure
your expected results and make changes as appropriate. No other medium has the ability to allow
you to quickly change your mind and react to how your customers perceive and interact with
your company.
It is also critically important to be detailed in the tracking and reporting of the KPI metrics as
defined in the Discovery Phase of activities. If the initial investment in the website is based on
demonstrable business impact, these KPIs help to prove that the expected result has been attained
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Hardware requirements
SDLC MODELS
Software Development life cycle (SDLC) is a spiritual model used in project management
that defines the stages include in an information system development project, from an
initial feasibility study to the maintenance of the completed application.
There are different software development life cycle models specify and design, which are
followed during the
Software Development life cycle (SDLC) is a spiritual model used in project management that
defines the stages include in an information system development project, from an initial
feasibility study to the maintenance of the completed application.
There are different software development life cycle models specify and design, which are
followed during the software development phase. These models are also called "Software
Development Process Models." Each process model follows a series of phase unique to its type
to ensure success in the step of software development.
Here, are some important phases of SDLC life cycle:The waterfall is a universally accepted
SDLC model. In this method, the whole process of software development is divided into various
phases.
The waterfall model is a continuous software development model in which development is seen
as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the steps of requirements analysis,
design, implementation, testing (validation), integration, and maintenance.
Linear ordering of activities has some significant consequences. First, to identify the end of a
phase and the beginning of the next, some certification techniques have to be employed at the
end of each step. Some verification and validation usually do this mean that will ensure that the
output of the stage is consistent with its input (which is the output of the previous step), and that
the output of the stage is consistent with the overall requirements of the system.
RAD or Rapid Application Development process is an adoption of the waterfall model; it targets
developing software in a short period. The RAD model is based on the concept that a better
system can be developed in lesser time by using focus groups to gather system requirements.
o Business Modeling
o Data Modeling
o Process Modeling
o Application Generation
Spiral Model
The spiral model is a risk-driven process model. This SDLC model helps the group to adopt
elements of one or more process models like a waterfall, incremental, waterfall, etc. The spiral
technique is a combination of rapid prototyping and concurrency in design and development
activities.
Each cycle in the spiral begins with the identification of objectives for that cycle, the different
alternatives that are possible for achieving the goals, and the constraints that exist. This is the
first quadrant of the cycle (upper-left quadrant).
The next step in the cycle is to evaluate these different alternatives based on the objectives and
constraints. The focus of evaluation in this step is based on the risk perception for the project.
In this type of SDLC model testing and the development, the step is planned in parallel. So, there
are verification phases on the side and the validation phase on the other side. V-Model joins by
Coding phase.
The incremental model is not a separate model. It is necessarily a series of waterfall cycles. The
requirements are divided into groups at the start of the project. For each group, the SDLC model
is followed to develop software. The SDLC process is repeated, with each release adding more
functionality until all requirements are met. In this method, each cycle act as the maintenance
phase for the previous software release. Modification to the incremental model allows
development cycles to overlap. After that subsequent cycle may begin before the previous cycle
is complete.Agile Model
Any agile software phase is characterized in a manner that addresses several key assumptions
about the bulk of software projects:
1. It is difficult to think in advance which software requirements will persist and which will
change. It is equally difficult to predict how user priorities will change as the project
proceeds.
2. For many types of software, design and development are interleaved. That is, both
activities should be performed in tandem so that design models are proven as they are
created. It is difficult to think about how much design is necessary before construction is
used to test the configuration.
3. Analysis, design, development, and testing are not as predictable (from a planning point
of view) as we might like.
Big bang model is focusing on all types of resources in software development and coding, with
no or very little planning. The requirements are understood and implemented when they come.
This model works best for small projects with smaller size development team which are working
together. It is also useful for academic software development projects. It is an ideal model where
requirements are either unknown or final release date is not given
Prototype Model
The prototyping model starts with the requirements gathering. The developer and the user meet
and define the purpose of the software, identify the needs, etc.
A 'quick design' is then created. This design focuses on those aspects of the software that will be
visible to the user. It then leads to the development of a prototype. The customer then checks the
prototype, and any modifications or changes that are needed are made to the prototype.
Looping takes place in this step, and better versions of the prototype are created. These are
continuously shown to the user so that any new changes can be updated in the prototype. This
process continue until the customer is satisfied with the system.
Snap shot of website website
FINDINGS
It cannot produce dynamic output alone, since it’s a static language.
Making the structure of HTML documents becomes tough to understand.
Errors can be costly.
It is the time consuming as the time it consume to maintain on the colour scheme of a
page and to make lists, tables and forms.
It can create only static and plain pages so if we’d like dynamic pages then HTML isn’t
useful.
Required to write a lot of code for just creating a simple webpage
.
SUGGESTIONS
So you've enjoyed success selling your handmade goods on Etsy or Amazon, and now you're
ready to take the next step by building your business's online presence with your own, standalone
craft website. Figuring out how to create your online craft business can seem overwhelming, but
it doesn't have to be. There are plenty of free, easy-to-use tools available to help you, and you
don't have to know how to code or create your own design.
Brand your new website to show your personality. Consider adding a blog to the site, make an
"about" page to explain your business and perhaps tell its story, and provide contact and
customer support information. Make sure to include appealing product descriptions and use high-
quality photos. If you want to present a down-home personality, use your writing skills to do so.
"I'm constantly working on the design for my site. I think you have to try different templates and
styles until you find something that matches your brand," says Lisa Dockery, who sells her own
stationery line on The Nested Turtle. She has tried numerous templates from Weebly's theme
gallery. "I continue to make tweaks and changes to the design as I become more comfortable
with the site and develop my brand."
It's important to have great product images, she says. "When people can't physically see and
touch your items they need to be able to see what they are purchasing," says Dockery. "Good
lighting is everything."
3. Decide where customers will be able to buy your products
While businesses such as Oodle Ba Doodle, which sells "huggable" pillows handmade from
reclaimed items, has its own website but also sells on Etsy and in bricks-and-mortar
boutiques, The Nested Turtle's Dockery has closed online shops she had elsewhere, including
Amazon and ArtFire.
"Etsy gave me my start and it's also a great place for people to find me. I've had small boutiques
contact me about wholesale through Etsy, and was recently contacted by a small stationery
consulting company that wants to represent my line, selling to retailers locally and nationally,"
said Dockery. " As I start to grow my wholesale business I will begin focusing more on my
website than Etsy."
It's easy to make the most out of all options available by routing your Etsy shop business to your
own website. Steve Chou suggested on CreateHYPE that, while transitioning from Etsy, you
price your own independent website's items slightly lower, then include a business card or
coupon in shipments to your Etsy customers, suggesting that they start shopping directly at your
eCommerce site.
4. Offer a newsletter with special deals for loyal customers
The Nested Turtle, for example, encourages customers to sign up for its newsletters so they'll be
the first to hear about sales, giveaways and news products.
5. Use social media to drive interest and bring customers to your website.
Whether it's Pinterest, Twitter, Instagram, or Facebook , let your fans, followers and folks with
similar interests know that the new site is there. You might consider offering a special, like 5
percent off for the first 10 customers.
"Don't get discouraged if you don't have immediate success. It takes time and consistency to
build up a customer base. Getting found online is a challenge, so make sure you get familiar with
search engine optimization (SEO)," says The Nested Turtle's Dockery. The stationery designer
also recommends you don't compare yourself to others, especially those who've been online for
years.
"Do your research online and talk to people. There are a lot of great tutorials online to help get
you started, many of which are free. Study people that you admire in your area and even reach
out to them for advice," she says. "I've made some great friends along the way that I've never
even met in person, just by reaching out to them in admiration of their work."
Dockery encourages people not to get overwhelmed when they're getting started or to think about
everything they have to do all at once. "Write it all down, make lots of lists and just start. If you
don't just start on something you'll never get anywhere."
CONCLUSION
There is a lot of potential for high quality and uniquely designed handicraft products in Tanzania
and even abroad.
It is important for any handicraft enterprise to be well prepared when starting, ideally with a well
written and thoroughly worked out business plan. Product originality and quality are key in the
high end tourism market and among expatriates.
There is a lot of momentum for networking at the moment of writing and it is highly
recommended that this is followed up upon. Donors could play an important role in funding a
networking event, during which handicraft enterprises can brainstorm and then come up with
clear objectives on how to cooperate and continue networking in the future.
Marketing and training are two other areas that are essential to the success of handicraft
enterprises. The enterprises themselves should see what their capacity for these areas is and
donors and support organizations should realize that these are areas where their efforts can make
a real impact.
In the end what is most important to make this all possible is good management of the handicraft
enterprise, commitment by artisans and consistent high Of product.
BIBLIOGRAPHY