Urban design survey methods

Data collection 1.Primary data - survey and

questionnaire 2.Secoundary data -
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Assessment and Analysis of existing conditions

-(eg. Study of urban morphology) 1.Mapping ( graphic
technique for recording and analyzing the physical &
structural pattern of an area)
- overlay, GIS, aerial Photography, digital elevation
model & digital terrain model. 2.Typologial 3.Walk
through - legibility analysis. 4.Ped -shed analysis -
walkability analysis. 5.Historic Analysis 6.Visual
analysis. 7.Behavior observation - activity mapping and
behavior mapping
Data collection - preliminary list
CITYAGE
Build the Future
• The WHAT and the WHY
- A checklist of major topics for study - Division of these
topics into subtopics / clusters - A list of information
needed for each of these - The use of each for analysis
- Rating these in terms of priority / importance
SMALL TOWY HAINSTPEST
NEW ENGLAND TOWN CENTER

• The HOW
- List sources of these information - various secondary
sources for
ready primary data - Frame methodology of collecting
data by primary means
• Visual surveys and site studies
Questionnaire interviews, expert opinion surveys,
public meetings,
MIDTOWN DOWNTOWN
SUAUFLAN

Types of Data:
Primary Data : Data collected on the site through surveys.
questionnaires etc.
Evaluating the secondary data Time - when the data was
collected Purpose – for what and nature of data collected
Content – is the data relevant to the study objective Accuracy – is
the data correct and dependable.
Secondary Data: Secondary data is data that is collected
from the primary sources which can be used in the current
research study. The following are some ways of collecting
secondary data:
Books
Records
Biographies
Newspapers Published censuses or other statistical data Data
archives Internet articles Research articles by other
researchers (journals) Databases
Collecting and analyzing a wide range of historical data
contained in, for example, institutional, corporate or public
records.
Archive research provides historical information about the
past environment, activities and structures.
Archive research provides invaluable primary and secondary
source material where it is not possible to observe,
interview or survey the past community. It allows the
analysis of the past heritage, charadter and context for projects
where maintaining an authentic sense of place is important.
Colections of maps, drawings and photographs are perticu
arly useful for urban design and her tage-related research.
Urban morphology survey methods
Urban morphology
Characteristics of an urban area, such as it buildings, lots,
blocks street patterns, open space, land-use activities and
building details. are recorded. measured, mapped and
analysed using existing and/or historical information.
Figure-ground mapping
• Typological analysis
• Materials and components analysis
Walk-through analysis
'figure-ground mapping' is where the building footprint is
blacked out, with open space left blank on a plan. With this
technique, the open space and other character features of the site
can be analysed.
A'typological analysis' classifies buildings, lots, streets,
 blocks or open space into typical or atypical types. Type is
defined by a combination of plan, dimension and use
characteristics. This information can be used in character
studies, design development and urban design policy.
A'materials and components analysis is a detailed urban
morphology study recording building and material details.
This can define the character of an urban area, and inform
design selection of future colours, materials and
components for the elements within an area.
LECTIU

4. Walk through analysis

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Figure Ground Map of Ghaziabad Old City

Figure-ground mapping Is where the building foot
print is blacked out. With open space left blank on a plan.
With this technique , the open space and other
character features of this can be analyzed.
TALEN A
LLURE
 I SISIYNY UNION
Figure Ground Map of a part of Ro
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IMU NA
TYPICAL NAERDW LANES
Observationis
COLORFUL OLD SHOPS
I otheuildings are dersely packed with the areas winter.
! There are some open abar doned fxes with ar le developed a podertiz ubali CENTRE
OF WHOLESALE! A RETAIL
balsta vigual dausand deteriorator. -- There limpartizare e TELES
A'typological analysis' classifies buildings. lots, streets,
blocks or open space into typical or atypical types. Type
is defined by a combination of plan, dimension and
use characteristics. This information can be used in
character studies, design development and urban
design policy.
Buildings typology
Use
Age Type - high rise low density.., single housing, courtyard
buildings character.
Streets typology Districts / zone typology. - core , fringe
Open space typology -public parks, neighborhood parks..
Building age
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TYPOLOGY
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Site Analysis and Existing

Conditions
A Walk Through Corryville
CLIFTON
AVONDALE
Wartin Luther King Drive
- UNIVERS TY HEIGHTS COREYVILLE
CLIRTON
HEIGHTS
MAJBURN
Alirens Street
Stetson Street
Corryville sa neighborhood with trerrendous assets. The location of Corryville s perfect for those who choose to visit, shop,
or work down town, and is ideal for those who work in Uptown The existing urban fabric of Corryvi le is historically
sig nificant and culturally vibrant. Exist Ing homes and buildings have deep architectural roots and offera myriad of
different styles. Howeveça funda mental concern of Corryvilla is crime and a lack of affordable workforce
housing
Community Institutions
Rochelle Street

Walk through
analysis An assessment of urban
qualities and design issues done by
walking through an area and recording
observations and impressions along the
way. It uses many graphic methods for
recording observations.
Poor Use of Space
Vaughn Street
Donahue Street
University Avenue
Streetlife
Dariels Street

MAMWWW
Highland Avenue
Greenspace
Van Street
Entertainment
Charlton Street
Bellevue Avenue
Glendora Avenu
Vine Street
Fliclid Avenue
Tdun verre
Corry Street
Spotted Disinvestment
Indelensible Space
BHUTAN
DOMMERCIAL
FETAL
NIXED USE
RESIDENTIA.
GREENSPANE
INSTITUTION Poorly Used nenection Mainte section

GREENSPACE
CONNECTIVITY

RIFT
This technique helps establish the extent of
design issue and identifies further work
required. Observational Analysis of a
place that records the main features, both
successful and
unsuccessful. Walking thro each area,
record photos. Sketches and plans.
WORKFORCE HOUSING
Affordable workforce hous
ing is a critical issue for the H neighborhood of Corryville,
which desires to retain its
diversity and identty as a / Working class neighborhood while at the same tine integrating populations from
surrounding institu ticnal employers, such as
the university and hospitals. FJJ. Johnsor-Jio Duca, Senior
Partner of the Community
Development Community Reinvestment Consulting Group, states that arcurd fifty percent of hospital
employees in the area earn less than $35,000 Incomparison, the average cost of new construc- tion in Uptown is
approximately $180,000. The bese salary needed to purchase an $180,000 is about $60,000 Fur thermore, the median price of
a hone in Circinnati is $ 148,000, which means that the needed salary to pur chase this home s $46,935. These
findings suggest that Corryville could use additional workforce housing units.
There is a lack of public
green space in Cor P ryville. Nearly all of
Short Vire is composed of impervious surfaces
and lacks any volumes 7 of 'green relief"out
side of the occasional street tree. Though
there are points a: N which University Et Avenue is lined with
short spurts of small
street trees, there lacks the continuity in vegetation to suggest greater pe destrian safety and interconnect green space.
The recreaticna field adiacent to the Corryville Rec Center provides the only green public gathering space. Yet, unfortunately,
this space has at times ad versely affected the neighborhood, attracting crimi na behaviors. Thus, it is apparert that
Corryville must promote greenspace that engenders values of envi- ronmental design, considering both publc and semi-private
uses.
The connection be tween Corrville and surrounding neigh borhoods is impera tive for the ong term
sustainabilty of Corryville, kus lines running through Corryville provide a means for Corryylle residents to visit and
work in other com
munities, as well as accommodating individuals from neighboring communit es to visit Corryville. Howeve, pedes trian
accessiblity within and about Corryville can
e challenging. Only a few intersectionsprovide safe crosswa ks while Martin Luther King Crive and Jefferson Avenue
are large raffic sewers which discourage and often impece pecestrian circulation Finally, the addition of a street carline
along Jefferson would serve to further expand the opportunities for residents in terms of employ men, and entertainment.
b
Demantation of a walking influence zone in case of a Metro corridor
-1500m
-1500m
GURGAON
ISCOT
1500m
DE HI
-500m
5)0m
500n
500m
Ajangarh
Ghtomi
Sultanpur
chattarpur

• Total Stucy Area = 24 sq. km (2,400 Hectares)

• Walking Influence Zone is 500m 6min) from the Metro Station
• Non Motorized Transport Influence Zone is 1500m (6min from the Metro Station

Ped-shed Analysis A mapping technique that

calculated the population catchment within a 5 – 10
mins walk from an activity. From town center /
transportation nodes - how is the distribution of nodes
from the center
on of facilities within the walkable range in the residential
sectors of Auroville A person walks about 400 mts n 5
mins and 800 mts in 10 mins , marked in circles -
calculate the population density within the circle.
UL.
FITIERHITS

Useful in mapping the linkages and obstacles that may

decrease or increase travel distance , quality and time
HON
ONEPELT

Historical Analysis
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The richness of the urban realm is the product of a

long process of historical development. If the site has an
ancient history the study may include a detailed archaeological
investigation. More simply, it may identify those buildings,
 trees and other structures which have been listed for
protection, including sites of scientific cr ecclogical interest.
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The analysis of the site and its history would

conclude with a study of more recent pressures on the
urban structure, which would include an analysis of recent
planning documents in order to determine those policies
which currently affect development on the site.
Visual Analysis
The visual analysis has three main parts:
a study of a three dimensional public space, a study of the two
dimensional surfaces which enclose public space, and a study of
architectural details which give an area its special character.
HIS
O
The most common tools for recording
spatial
composition are STAR the camera and
the three
dimensional perspective drawn from the normal
eye level.
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VISUAL SURVEY
Recording the Results
Visual surveys are most readily recorded as simple maps ac
manied by sketches, photographs, and brief notes. The maps can be base
 maps of the city, at the scale or scales of the survey. The sketches,
photographs, and notes can be attached to the maps and the whole study put on
display or published as a report. The
ans and their notations are best done in a cartoon style and notations of certain features
best indicated as a graphic symbol.
Routes of movement can be indicated by arrows, parking garages as a spiral,
landmarks as large X's, vistas as sector lines, points of conflict in red,
"gray areas" in gray, etc. One map should show the sum total of the
general form of the city and its features. The remaining maps
should complement this as a series of detailed aspects of the
city's form.
LIST OF SURVEY MAPS A full set of survey maps might
include the following: 1. Topography 2. Microclimate-sun, wind, and
storm directions 3. Shape 4. Patterns, textures, and grains 5.
Routes
6. Districts 7. Landmarks and nodes 8. Open spaces
ul activity structure
9. Vistas 10. Magnets, generators, and linkape 11. Special activity centers and ove 12. Hubs of
intense visual experience
Strong and weak areas of orientation 14. Sign areas 15. Points of conflict 16. Historic or
special districts 17. Community structure 18. Areas for preservation, moderate remode
overhaul 19. Places needing clarifying design elements 20. Sketch maps
produced by the man on the
odeling, and complete
an on the street" to dir
vent in the pub
the urban features and forms prominent in lic's eye. Each of these maps should be
illustrated sketches or photos that show exactly what a map symbol and also a
series of pictures which characterize
illustrated by a few salient
a symbol represents
ich characterize the area.
SOURCE: TIME SAVERS STANDARDS - URBAN DESIGN
Activity Mapping
Behavior
observation
1. Activity
mapping
2. Behavior
mapping
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The observation
that track and
record on map and diagram the movement, use and
interaction of people with urban space and
the built
environment.
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MADE ICH MAYE
AT ALUTA WETEO STATION PRECINCT. COCHIN, KERALA AT ALUVA METAG
STATION PRECINCT. COCHIN, TERALN
Activity Mapping
Frontages
Active frontages: It is important that buicings present active frontages to the
public spaces of the city as far as possible. By active frontages we mean
ground floor shop windows or transparent frontages 50 that the activity within the
building is visible from the
stree.
Dully cccupancy
stamme
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Dally occupancy Brister Square + skal bruid ng
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Figure 3 - Height Limits for Capitol View Protection in the - Zone
Height Limit Key

Urban mass and skyline

survey
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questionnaire
Surveys
A systematic way of determining the views and options from
more people on a particular topic through use of interviews with
structured questions or standardized questionnaire.
UPAS
Based on our
method or data required we
prepare
questionnaire
1. Public satisfaction survey 2. 3+ and 3 - survey – Ask
people to identify 3 things they
like and 3 thing they dislike. 3. Visual preference survey
- obtains community response to a range of images and is
used to develop an understanding of , and consensus on, the
character of a place or future development. 4. Place check - People (
how can the people
influence and shape together more efficiently. Place – built form and
space help to make the place work
better - Movement - efficient network
and place of life. 5 Design quality or bench marking.