SECTION-two
Synonyms
1. Word: Swamped
Part of speech (adjective)
Meaning: being super busy
Synonyms: hectic, inundated, flooded, deluged
Antonyms: calm, dry, idle
Sentences:
• I haven’t seen any movie, as I have been swamped with the work
throughout this month.
• In the mad race of materialism, everyone seems swamped with never
ending work.
2. Word: Repercussion
Part of speech (noun)
Meaning: the result of action
Synonyms: aftermath, outcome, consequence
Antonyms: cause, beginning, root
Sentences:
• The rebel against CAA will have a far reaching repercussion.
• Japan has overcome from the repercussion of nuclear attack.
3. Word: Suave
Part of speech (adjective)
Meaning: attractive because of good manners
Synonyms: debonair, cultured, and elegant
Antonyms: boorish, barbaric, and impolite
Sentences:
• He is very poised and suave especially with women.
• The minister is so suave and polished that everyone likes him.
4.Word: Atrocious
Part of speech (adjective)
Meaning: something really bad
Synonyms: appalling, horrible and frightful
Antonyms: humane, civilized, tender
Sentences:
• The recent case of mob lynching is an atrocious act.
• The murderer was justly punished for his atrocious deed
5. Word: Redolent
Part of speech (Adjective)
Meaning: full of fragrance
Synonyms: aromatic, fragrant, scented
Antonyms: reeking, decomposed, pungent
Sentences:
• The garden of the palace was redolent and amusing.
• I found the valley windy, soothing and redolent.
6. Word: Redress
Part of speech (noun)
Meaning: compensation
Synonyms: restore, correct and change
Antonyms: damage, penalty, extortion
Sentences:
• People usually go to courts to seek redress.
• Kalpana demanded redress from the neighbor when he banged into
her car.
7. Word: Reek
Part of speech (noun)(verb)
Meaning: emit an unpleasant odor or smoke.
Synonyms: stink, smell, stench
Antonyms: aroma, perfume, fragrance
Sentences:
• The reek of his dead body made the neighbor call the police.
• His breath reeked of alcohol.
8. Word: Menial
Part of speech (Adjective)
Meaning: suitable for servants
Synonyms: abject, basic, unskilled
Antonyms: skilled, despotic, lofty
Sentences:
• He finds only menial jobs since he has never been to college.
• The income of menial workers is very low.
9. Word: Metamorphosis
Part of speech (Noun)
Meaning: change of form
Synonyms: transmutation, transformation, alteration.
Antonyms: stagnation, preservation, semblance
Sentences:
• Caterpillar turns into butterfly through metamorphosis.
• Taking organic diet may bring metamorphosis in your health.
10. Word: Nonchalance
Part of speech (Noun)
Meaning: lack of concern
Synonyms: apathy indifference unconcern
Antonyms: concern, enthusiasm, empathy.
Sentences:
• The candidate attended the seminar with nonchalance.
• The teacher was poignant because of student’s nonchalance.
Exercise 1
Match the following
Word Meaning
Suave Bad smell
Redress basic job
Atrocious Compensation
Swamp Fragrant
Metamorphosis Outcome
Reek Well cultured
Redolent Indifferent
Menial Horrible
Repercussion Transformation
Nonchalance Busy
Answers
Word Meaning
Suave Well cultured
Redress Compensation
Atrocious Horrible
Swamp Busy
Metamorphosis Transformation
Reek Bad smell
Redolent Fragrant
Menial Basic jobs
Repercussion Outcome
Nonchalance Indifferent
Exercise 2.
Fill in the blanks: Options can be used for more than two times.
Swamped Repercussion Suave Atrocious Redolent Redress Reek
Menial, Metamorphosis Nonchalance
1. People with high qualification are reluctant to do _______jobs
2. He is seeking a ______for a damage done to his car by Mohan.
3. I really feel aghast at the __________ of the government towards
the increasing crime rate in the country.
4. Generally army personnel are _______ and sophisticated.
5. Washing dishes, cleaning house and cooking are considered
______work.
6. Hitler is known for his ______ acts of homicide.
7. Little could be done to _______ the holocaust of Jalianwala Bhag.
8. When I entered the palace garden I found it enchanting, gigantic and
______.
9. ________ towards politics is very common among youngsters these
days.
10.I was so _____ with the work that I hardly noticed you coming.
11.The present political system _______ in corruption and yields no
hope to get recovered.
12.____________ of the city has taken place to a great extent due to
the efforts of the present government.
13. The ________ of bio –weapons has allured many bellicose
countries to invest in this field.
14. The ______ of stale food has spread all over the office when the
peon opened a Tiffin- box.
15. Poverty stricken people generally accept doing________ tasks for
livelihood.
Answers :
1. Menial,2. Redress 3. Nonchalance 4. Suave 5. Menial 6. Atrocious 7.
Redress8. Redolent9. Nonchalance 10.Swamped, 11. Reek
12.Metamorphosis 13. Repercussions, 14. Reek 15. Menial
One word substitution
Ask yourself these questions:
Are you a leader? Can you help everyone?
Don’t you hesitate to place your candid
opinion?
Do you know what you are called?
1. Extrovert: One whose thoughts are optimistic, who always exhibits
confidence, altruism and kindness.
Are you reserved? Do you hesitate to place
your candid opinion? Do you avoid social
gathering?
Do you know what you are called?
2. Introvert: One whose thoughts are self centered, who always avoid
public dealing.
Are you sensitive to the subject of
conversation? Are you selective whom to talk
to?
Are you adaptive to the circumstance you are
surrounded by?
3. Ambivert: One who expresses one’s thoughts among special people
only. He can switch to be talkative and taciturn according to the
stuation.
Single marriage? Not allowed for second
chance of marriage?
4. Monogamy: the practice of one marriage only
Are you so simple minded that anyone can
cheat on you? Do you trust whatever is said
5. Credulous: One who can be easily cheated.
What will you call an Army act of invading the
territory to own it?
6. Besiege: To surround a place with the intention of capturing it.
Sometimes people are so desperate to go
abroad that they take any kind of risk.
7. Stowaway: One who hides away on a ship to obtain a free
passage.
Do you love rain? Do you like petrichor?
8. Pluviophile A person who is fond of raining .
Bad beyond reform
9. Irredeemable: one who cannot be corrected
A serious development disorder that hinders
the growth of children
10. Autism : a disorder among children that doesn’t allow them to
develop communication and interaction.
Exercise 2
Match the following
Column A Column
a) Pluviophile Capture
b) Irredeemable Doesn’t open heart
c) Ambivert Balanced approaching person
d) Stowaway Easily deceived
e) Autism Can’t amend
f) Introvert Loves rain
g) Credulous Disorder of development
h) Monogamy Open minded
i) Besiege Illegal migrant
j) Extrovert One marriage
Answers
Column A Column
a) Pluviophile Loves rain
b) Irredeemable Can’t be mended
c) Ambivert Balanced approaching person
d) Stowaway Illegal migrant
e) Autism Disorder of development
f) Introvert Doesn’t open heart
g) Credulous Easily deceived
h) Monogamy One marriage
i) Besiege Capture
j) Extrovert Open minded
Exercise3
Fill the right option : Pluviophile Irredeemable Ambivert
Stowaway Autism Introvert Credulous Monogamy Besiege
Extrovert
1. His behavior is ___________ you cannot advise him at all.
2. Hindu marriage act observes ______the appropriate practice of
marriage.
3. ___________ is the biggest challenge to meet while teaching
special kids.
4. Whenever it rains he goes out to get soggy. He is such a _________.
5. The king tried hard to _______ his neighboring country but in vain.
6. She has all leadership qualities that is why everyone calls
him_______.
7. Rahul has a sense of speaking what and to whom that is why everyone
calls him_______.
8. Alka never talks to stranger and she enjoys her own company, in
short she is______
9. One should not be _________.one has to apply reason well
10. The heroine accidently becomes a _________ on hero’s ship.
Answers 1. Irredeemable 2. Monogamy 3. Autism 4. Pluviophile
5. Besiege 6. Extrovert 7. Ambivert 8. Introvert 9. Credulous
10. Stowaway
Idioms and Phrases
1. Catch 22
Meaning (in a dilemma )
Sentence: She feels like she is in a catch 22 since she can neither leave
her parents alone nor lose the opportunity to work abroad.
2. In the ascendant
Meaning (to become powerful and popular)
Sentence: It took time but with his hard work he has become popular
and his career is now in ascendant.
3. Few and far between
Meaning (not happening)
Sentence: Public meetings are now few and far between because of
lockdown.
4. Milk and water
Meaning (very weak)
Sentence: Covid- 19 has made economy milk and water worldwide.
5. Waiting in the wings
Meaning (ready for acton)
Sentence: To arrest a horrendous criminal all policemen were
waiting in the wings.
6. To jump through hoops
Meaning (to have to do difficult things)
Sentence: One has to jump through the hoops in order to get
selected as a civil servant.
7. A damp squib
Meaning (an exciting event that turned up to be a disappointing
one)
Sentence: Everything was planned so well but the party turned out
to be a damp squib when the music system stopped working.
8. Make or break
Meaning (can cause either success or failure)
Sentence: Adversity can make or break a man.
9. Enough and to spare
Meaning (in plenty)
Sentence: He can send his son to study abroad as he has money
enough and to spare.
10. To hang on one’s lips
Meaning (enthralled)
Sentence: When Sandeep Maheshawari speaks on the stage, the
audience hangs on their lips.
Exercise4 : Match the columns
Column 1 Column 2
1. To jump through hoops In plenty
2. To hang on one’s lips Fail or succeed
3. Catch 22 Very successful
4. a damp squib Got thrilled
5. Few and far between Ready to act
6. waiting in the wings Do a difficult task
7. In the ascendant WEAK
8. Enough and to spare In a fix
9. Make or break Very rare
10. milk and water Disappointing twist
Answers
Column 1 Column 2
1. To jump through hoops Do a difficult task
2. To hang on one’s lips Got thrilled
3. Catch 22 In a fix
4. a damp squib Disappointing twist
5. Few and far between Very rare
6. waiting in the wings Ready to act
7. In the ascendant Very successful
8. Enough and to spare In plenty
9. Make or break Fail or succeed
10. milk and water Weak
a
Fill in the blanks with the following options
Enough and to spare, In the ascendant , To hang on one’s lips, waiting
in the wings, Catch 22, milk and water, a damp squib, To jump through
hoops, Few and far between
Exercise: 5
1. We can find ourselves in ________ when we need to decide between
bachelorhood and espousal.
2. He has won a resounding victory in recent elections his stars seem to
be ________.
3. Since the advent of modern transport, trades by animals are
________.
4. Indian foreign policy has always been ________.
5. Both the teams have reached to play the final match, the players are
________.
6. He actually ________to get married to the girl belonging to another
religion.
7. The idea of going for a trip turned out to be ________when the car
broke down on the way to hill station
8. Risks are an essential part of life, they can ________us .
9. We should not waste water considering it to be ________.
10. I was so spell bound by his singing that I
________throughout his performance.
Answers:
1. a catch 22, 2.in the ascendant.3. few and far between.4.milk and
water.5.waiting in the wings. 6.jumped through hoops 7.be a damp
squib 8.make or break 9.enough and to spare 10.hung on my lips.
Phrasal verbs
1. Add on
Meaning Include in a calculation.
Sentence You have to ADD the VAT ON to the price they give.
2. Add up
Meaning To make a mathematical total.
Sentence We ADDED UP the bill to check it was correct.
Add up
Meaning Be a satisfactory explanation for something.
Sentence: She explained why the work wasn't ready, but her story doesn't
ADD UP.
2. Add up to
Meaning Have a certain result.
Sentence Trains delays are getting worse and with the high fares, it all
ADDS UP TO misery for the commuters.
3. Add up to
Meaning Come to a certain amount or figure.
Sentence The total costs ADD UP TO several million euros.
5. Agree with
Meaning Affect- usually used in the negative to show that something has
had a negative effect, especially it makes you feel bad.
Sentence I feel terrible- that food didn't AGREE WITH my stomach.
6. Aim at
Meaning To target.
Sentence The magazine is AIMED AT teenagers.
7. Aim at
Meaning Intend to achieve.
Sentence They're AIMING AT reducing costs by ten percent.
8. Allow for
Meaning Include something in a plan or calculation.
Sentence You should ALLOW FOR delays when planning a journey.
Allow of
9. Meaning Make possible, permit.
Sentence The rules don't ALLOW OF any exceptions.
Exercise6: Mark the right option
1. The tax was _____ the bill.
a. added on b. added down c. added over d. added upon
2. The. Total expense ______ to five lakhs.
a. added to b. added up to c. added on d. added onto
3. The coastal weather doesn’t _______my health.
a. agree with b. agree out c. agree on d. agree in
4. Dev ignored to _____ some changes in the plan.
a. allow after b. allow out c. allow for d. allow above.
Answers: 1. a 2. b.3. a 4.c
Confusing Words
1. Accept To receive a thing.
Please accept my offer.
Except Leaving apart or excluding.
Everyone came except him
2. Expect hope
We expect fast delivery
Suspect To apprehend
The police suspected Raj to be the murder.
3. Adopt To accept/to take another person's child legally.
Let’s adopt the idea of social distancing.
Sushmita Sen has adopted two children.
Adept Proficient
He is adept in making jewellery.
Adapt To change accordingly.
We must adapt ourselves to lockdown.
3. Allude Refer to
The speaker alluded to Mahatama Gandhi for peaceful society.
Elude To escape
He tried to elude as a woman
4. Alternate One after another.
The seminar happens at alternate weeks.
Alternative Available instead /substitute.
There is no other alternative to hard work
5. Aural Of ear
The doctor has recommended aural surgery.
Oral spoken
The oral statement of the witness is different from the written
one.
Exercise6
Correct the following
1. We must adopt ourselves according to the situation.
2. Sushil tried to allude as a joker.
3. All came accept her.
4. I conveyed him an aural message.
5. We can take protein on alternative days.
6. There were three expects of murder.
Answers:
1. We must adapt ourselves according to the situation.
2. Sushil tried to ellude as a joker.
3. All came except her.
4. I conveyed him an oral message.
5. We can take protein on alternate days.
6. There were three suspects of murder.
