Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI)
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
TITLE: Extraction of medicinal plants using distilled Origin Date: March,2010
water (maceration)
Document Number: TMMRD –TP#2 Revision status: Current
Section: Phytochemistry Page: 1 of 5
This procedure provides instructions how to separate the components with medicinal
Purpose properties that can be dissolved in water
Abbreviations rpm rotation per minute
NA Not Applicable
Wt. weight
%wt weight percentage
Reagents
Materials desiccant
Distilled water
Reagents preparation: ready made
Reagents stability and storage: until it absorbs the moisture and changes the color
to pink.
Supplies
Muslin cloth
Extraction flasks (1000ml)
Beakers (500ml)
funnels
spatula
measuring cylinder (500ml)
Erlenmeyer Flasks( 500ml)
washing bottles
Petri dishes
Glass rod
Plastic cup
Equipment
Analytical Balance
Freeze dryer
Refrigerator
Shaker
Dessicator
Prepared by: Kissi Mudie Authority: EHNRI
Healthy, productive and prosperous Ethiopians
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI)
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
TITLE: Extraction of medicinal plants using distilled Origin Date: March,2010
water (maceration)
Document Number: TMMRD –TP#2 Revision status: Current
Section: Phytochemistry Page: 2 of 5
Sample Sample type Amount required Transport and Stability
Storage
Plant powder It depends on the At room Depends on the type and
type and part of temperature part of plant
plant
Limitations: some samples may form mold
Sample retention: the samples are discarded after 3 days
Special Safety Refer to National Safety Guidelines
Precautions
Procedure Step Action
1 Weigh the required amount of plant material using beam balance
2 Put the weighed plant material in an extraction flask
3 Soak the plant material with appropriate amount of distilled water
4 Put the soaked material on a shaker and shake at the speed of 150rpm for
24 hrs
5 Stand the soaked or macerated plant until it settles
6 Decant and then filter the supernatant by using Abujedi cloth
7 Pour the filterate into the petridish and place in a refrigerator until the filtrate
freezes
8 Dry the extract in a freeze dryer
9 After the extract is dried, collect it in a plastic container, label and put in a
desiccator.
Calculation %wt. = wt. of dried & collected extract X 100
wt. of the sample (powder)
Result The products are powdered extracts.
Interpretation
- It takes longer time to obtain the dried extract from aqueous solution
Limitations - Its selectivity (it also extracts compounds of no interest along with the desired
solute).
Prepared by: Kissi Mudie Authority: EHNRI
Healthy, productive and prosperous Ethiopians
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI)
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
TITLE: Extraction of medicinal plants using distilled Origin Date: March,2010
water (maceration)
Document Number: TMMRD –TP#2 Revision status: Current
Section: Phytochemistry Page: 3 of 5
Procedural The aqueous extract should be kept in a dessicator to prevent moisture absorption.
Notes
Water is an excellent solvent. Aqueous extraction method involves soaking of the
Principle plant material in distilled water for several hours followed by filtering and
concentrating the extract. It is suitable for thermolabile (heat sensitive components)
as a result there is no decomposition.
Clinical Utility For the extraction of biologically active compounds from natural products that
can be used interchangeable as drugs or as supplements.
Related - Manual for Phytochemical Screening of Medicinal Plants
Procedures and - Plant Drying & Processing SOP#
Documents
1. Harborne , J.B.(1973).Phytochemical methods, A guide to modern
Reference
techniques of plant analysis, Chapman and hall, London,
2. Yilma Desta (1988). Manual for qualitative analysis of medicinal plants.
Department of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa
3. Trease, G.E and Evans , W.C (1966). Pharmacognosy. 14th edin., WB
sounders company Ltd. London.
Prepared by: Kissi Mudie Authority: EHNRI
Healthy, productive and prosperous Ethiopians
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI)
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
TITLE: Extraction of medicinal plants using distilled Origin Date: March,2010
water (maceration)
Document Number: TMMRD –TP#2 Revision status: Current
Section: Phytochemistry Page: 4 of 5
Name Signature and Date
Prepared by: ------------------------ -----------------------------
Reviewed by: --------------------------- -----------------------------
Approved by: -------------------------- ------------------------------
(Director of Traditional and Modern Drug Research Directorate)
Prepared by: Kissi Mudie Authority: EHNRI
Healthy, productive and prosperous Ethiopians
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI)
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
TITLE: Extraction of medicinal plants using distilled Origin Date: March,2010
water (maceration)
Document Number: TMMRD –TP#2 Revision status: Current
Section: Phytochemistry Page: 5 of 5
Declaration
I, the undersigned laboratory personnel, certify that I am conducting every steps of
the procedures incorporated in this SOP after a prior reading.
Name Signature and Date
1. _______________________ ______________________
2. _______________________ ______________________
3. _______________________ ______________________
4. _______________________ ______________________
5. _______________________ ______________________
Prepared by: Kissi Mudie Authority: EHNRI
Healthy, productive and prosperous Ethiopians
