ACTA ICHTHYOLOGICA ET PISCATORIA (2014) 44 (3): 263–269 DOI: 10.3750/AIP2014.44.3.

11

WEIGHT–LENGTH RELATIONS FOR 103 FISH SPECIES

FROM THE SOUTHERN AEGEAN SEA, TURKEY

Gökçen BİLGE*, Sercan YAPICI, Halit FİLİZ, and Hasan CERİM

Faculty of Fisheries, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000, Kötekli, Muğla, Turkey

Bilge G., Yapıcı S., Filiz H., Cerim H. 2014. Weight–length relations for 103 fish species from the south-
ern Aegean Sea, Turkey. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 44 (3): 263–269.
Abstract. Using a traditional, commercial, crustacean bottom trawl net we collected fish samples from the south-
ern Aegean Sea, from Dec 2009 to Nov 2010, at depths of 30–225 m. We collected a total of 35 428 specimens
representing 50 families and 103 species: Argentina sphyraena Linnaeus, 1758; Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum,
1792); Arnoglossus rueppelii (Cocco, 1844); Arnoglossus thori Kyle, 1913; Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761);
Belone svetovidovi Collette et Parin, 1970; Blennius ocellaris Linnaeus, 1758; Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758);
Bothus podas (Delaroche, 1809); Buglossidium luteum (Risso, 1810); Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758;
Callionymus risso Lesueur, 1814; Capros aper (Linnaeus, 1758); Cepola macrophthalma (Linnaeus, 1758);
Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus, 1758); Chelidonichthys lucerne (Linnaeus, 1758); Chlorophthalmus agassizi
Bonaparte, 1840; Chromis chromis (Linnaeus, 1758); Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus, 1758); Coelorinchus
caelorhincus (Risso, 1810); Conger conger (Linnaeus, 1758); Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758); Dentex dentex
(Linnaeus, 1758); Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758); Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758); Diplodus vul-
garis (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817); Echelus myrus (Linnaeus, 1758); Equulites klunzingeri (Steindachner,
1898); Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758); Fistularia commersonii Rüppell, 1838; Gadiculus argenteus
Guichenot, 1850; Glossanodon leioglossus (Valenciennes, 1848); Gobius cruentatus Gmelin, 1789; Gobius niger
Linnaeus, 1758; Helicolenus dactylopterus (Delaroche, 1809); Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier, 1829; Labrus
merula Linnaeus, 1758; Labrus viridis Linnaeus, 1758; Lampanyctus crocodilus (Risso, 1810); Lepidorhombus
boscii (Risso, 1810); Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis (Walbaum, 1792); Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède, 1801);
Lepidotrigla dieuzeidei Blanc et Hureau, 1973; Lesueurigobius friesii (Malm, 1874); Lithognathus mormyrus
(Linnaeus, 1758); Liza ramada (Risso, 1827); Lophius budegassa Spinola, 1807; Lophius piscatorius Linnaeus,
1758; Macroramphosus scolopax (Linnaeus, 1758); Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758); Mullus barbatus
barbatus Linnaeus, 1758; Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758; Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus, 1758); Mustelus
punctulatus Risso, 1827; Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986; Oblada melanura (Linnaeus, 1758); Pagellus
acarne (Risso, 1827); Pagellus bogaraveo (Brünnich, 1768); Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758);
Parablennius tentacularis (Brünnich, 1768); Peristedion cataphractum (Linnaeus, 1758); Pomadasys incisus
(Bowdich, 1825); Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 1770); Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758; Raja radula
Delaroche, 1809; Salaria pavo (Risso, 1810); Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848); Sciaena umbra
Linnaeus, 1758; Scomber japonicas Houttuyn, 1782; Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758); Scorpaena nota-
ta Rafinesque, 1810; Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758; Scorpaena scrofa Linnaeus, 1758; Scyliorhinus canicu-
la (Linnaeus, 1758); Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758); Serranus cabrilla (Linnaeus, 1758); Serranus hepa-
tus (Linnaeus, 1758); Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758); Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758); Sphyraena chrysotaenia
Klunzinger, 1884; Spicara maena (Linnaeus, 1758); Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758); Squalus
blainvillei (Risso, 1827); Symphodus cinereus (Bonnaterre, 1788); Symphodus doderleini Jordan, 1890;
Symphodus mediterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758); Symphodus melanocercus (Risso, 1810); Symphodus ocellatus
(Linnaeus, 1758); Symphodus rostratus (Bloch, 1791); Symphodus tinca (Linnaeus, 1758); Syngnathus acus
Linnaeus, 1758; Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810; Torpedo nobiliana Bonaparte, 1835; Trachinus draco
Linnaeus, 1758; Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868); Trachurus picturatus (Bowdich, 1825);
Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758); Trigla lyra Linnaeus, 1758; Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre, 1788);
Upeneus moluccensis (Bleeker, 1855); Upeneus pori Ben-Tuvia et Golani, 1989; Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus,
1758; Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758. We estimated weight–length relations for the fishes collected. Values of the
allometric coefficient (b) ranged from 2.1729 for Cepola macrophthalma to 3.6372 for Equulites klunzingeri.

* Correspondence: Dr. Gökçen BİLGE, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Universitesi, Su Ürünleri Fakültesi, 48000, Kötekli, Muğla, Turkey, phone: (+90) 2522113168,
e-mail: (GB) gbilge@mu.edu.tr, (SY) sercanyapici@mu.edu.tr, (HF) sharkturk@yahoo.com, (HC) hasancerim@mu.edu.tr.
264 Bilge et al.

All relations were highly significant (P < 0.001), with the majority (94.17% of 103 species) r2 values being
greater than 0.9. Four species evidenced isometric growth, 50 species showed positive allometry, and 49 species
have negative allometry. Seven species studied were Lessepsian migrants.
Keywords: WLR, marine fishes, Mediterranean Sea

Fisheries management and research often require the sphyraena Linnaeus, 1758; Arnoglossus laterna
use of biometric relations in order to transform data col- (Walbaum, 1792); Arnoglossus rueppelii (Cocco, 1844);
lected in the field into appropriate indexes (Anderson and Arnoglossus thori Kyle, 1913; Belone belone (Linnaeus,
Gutreuter 1983, Écoutin and Albaret 2003, Mendes et 1761); Belone svetovidovi Collette et Parin, 1970; Blennius
al. 2004). In the fisheries science, weight–length relations ocellaris Linnaeus, 1758; Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758);
(WLRs) have a several uses. They allow to: Bothus podas (Delaroche, 1809); Buglossidium luteum
• estimate weight from length for individual fish and (Risso, 1810); Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758;
for length classes of fish; Callionymus risso Lesueur, 1814; Capros aper (Linnaeus,
• estimate standing-crop biomass when the length fre- 1758); Cepola macrophthalma (Linnaeus, 1758);
quency distribution is known (Anderson and Gutreuter 1983, Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus, 1758); Chelidonichthys
Petrakis and Stergiou 1995); lucerne (Linnaeus, 1758); Chlorophthalmus agassizi
• convert growth-in-length equations to growth-in- Bonaparte, 1840; Chromis chromis (Linnaeus, 1758);
weight for prediction of weight-at-age and use in stock Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus, 1758); Coelorinchus
assessment models (Pauly 1993); caelorhincus (Risso, 1810); Conger conger (Linnaeus,
• calculate condition indices (Anderson and Gutreuter 1983, 1758); Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758); Dentex dentex
Petrakis and Stergiou 1995); and (Linnaeus, 1758); Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758);
• compare populations from different regions in terms Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758); Diplodus vul-
of their life histories and morphology (Petrakis and garis (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817); Echelus myrus
Stergiou 1995). (Linnaeus, 1758); Equulites klunzingeri (Steindachner,
Previous studies were carried out on the characteriza- 1898); Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758); Fistularia
tion of WLRs for fish species (numbers of the species with- commersonii Rüppell, 1838; Gadiculus argenteus
in the parenthesis) in the Turkish coasts of the Aegean Sea: Guichenot, 1850; Glossanodon leioglossus (Valenciennes,
Akyol et al. (2007) (25), Ceyhan et al. (2009) (17), Filiz 1848); Gobius cruentatus Gmelin, 1789; Gobius niger
and Bilge (2004) (24), Gurkan et al. (2010) (22), İlkyaz et Linnaeus, 1758; Helicolenus dactylopterus (Delaroche,
al. (2008) (62), Ismen et al. (2007) (63), Karakulak et al. 1809); Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier, 1829; Labrus
(2006) (47), Özaydın et al. (2007) (60) and Özaydin and merula Linnaeus, 1758; Labrus viridis Linnaeus, 1758;
Taskavak (2006) (47). In the presently reported study, Lampanyctus crocodilus (Risso, 1810); Lepidorhombus
WLRs were estimated for 103 fish species captured off the boscii (Risso, 1810); Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis
Turkish coasts of the southern Aegean Sea. (Walbaum, 1792); Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède,
From December 2009 to November 2010 we sampled 1801); Lepidotrigla dieuzeidei Blanc et Hureau, 1973;
southern Aegean Sea fishes from a total of 68 hauls taken Lesueurigobius friesii (Malm, 1874); Lithognathus
by a crustacean trawl vessel F/V AKYARLAR from the mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758); Liza ramada (Risso, 1827);
depths of 30–225 m. The vessel used a traditional bottom Lophius budegassa Spinola, 1807; Lophius piscatorius
trawl net (44 mm stretched mesh size), locally called Linnaeus, 1758; Macroramphosus scolopax (Linnaeus,
“Ottoman net”. The towing time was 30 min, at the speed 1758); Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758); Mullus
of approximately 2.5 knots. The collected fish specimens barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758; Mullus surmuletus
were identified on board and then stored on ice until Linnaeus, 1758; Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus, 1758);
returned to the laboratory. In the laboratory, each fish was Mustelus punctulatus Risso, 1827; Nemipterus randalli
measured for total length (TL) to the nearest 0.1 cm and Russell, 1986; Oblada melanura (Linnaeus, 1758);
weighed (wet weight, W) to the nearest 0.01 g. Fish species Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827); Pagellus bogaraveo
were identified based on Whitehead et al. (1986) and vali- (Brünnich, 1768); Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758);
dated following FishBase (Froese and Pauly 2013). The Parablennius tentacularis (Brünnich, 1768); Peristedion
relation between weight and length, cataphractum (Linnaeus, 1758); Pomadasys incisus
W = aLb (Bowdich, 1825); Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 1770);
was converted into the logarithmic expression: Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758; Raja radula Delaroche,
ln W = ln a + b ln L 1809; Salaria pavo (Risso, 1810); Saurida undosquamis
Parameters a and b were calculated by least-squares (Richardson, 1848); Sciaena umbra Linnaeus, 1758;
regression, as was the coefficient of determination (r2). Scomber japonicas Houttuyn, 1782; Scophthalmus rhom-
Significant difference of b values from 3, which represent bus (Linnaeus, 1758); Scorpaena notata Rafinesque,
isometric growth, was tested with the t-test (Pauly 1993). 1810; Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758; Scorpaena scro-
We sampled a total of 35 428 fish specimens repre- fa Linnaeus, 1758; Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus,
senting 50 families and 103 species (Table 1): Argentina 1758); Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758); Serranus
 Table 1
Weight–length relations for 103 fish species from Turkish coasts of the southern Aegean Sea

Relation parameters Growth

No. Species Origin N Lmin Lmax type
a b SE of b r2 95% CI of b
1 Argentina sphyraena AM 516 7.0 16.6 0.0034 3.4750 0.0260 0.960 3.3588–3.5399 A+
2 Arnoglossus laterna AM 1305 4.5 14.9 0.0092 2.9295 0.0193 0.946 2.8916–2.9673 A–
3 Arnoglossus rueppelii AM 126 4.7 11.9 0.0037 3.1790 0.0942 0.987 2.9848–3.3732 A+
4 Arnoglossus thori AM 121 6.8 9.9 0.0328 2.3921 0.1097 0.969 2.1464–2.6378 A–
5 Belone belone AM 44 27.8 54.5 0.0003 3.3953 0.0982 0.958 3.1837–3.6069 A+
6 Belone svetovidovi AM 36 28.2 41.8 0.0007 3.1173 0.1225 0.830 3.0025–3.2321 A+
7 Blennius ocellaris AM 35 7.5 15.3 0.0147 2.9964 0.1182 0.951 2.7558–3.2369 A–
8 Boops boops AM 68 9.4 24.4 0.0197 2.8269 0.1119 0.906 2.6032–3.0504 A+
9 Bothus podas AM 84 10.7 20.1 0.0041 3.3728 0.1274 0.986 3.0943–3.6513 A+
10 Buglossidium luteum AM 93 6.6 11.7 0.0125 2.8946 0.0938 0.878 2.7088–3.0803 A–
11 Callionymus lyra AM 47 19.1 27.7 0.0112 2.8247 0.0186 0.985 2.2733–3.3761 A–
12 Callionymus risso E 43 3.5 7.4 0.0082 2.8435 0.2342 0.931 2.0503–3.6367 A–
13 Capros aper AM 602 2.9 9.7 0.0353 2.6360 0.0410 0.880 2.5550–2.7173 A–
14 Cepola macrophthalma AM 988 7.5 51.0 0.0126 2.1729 0.0184 0.933 2.1367–2.2095 A–
15 Chelidonichthys cuculus AM 51 13.7 16.5 0.0178 2.7151 0.8234 0.937 2.6416–2.7886 A–
16 Chelidonichthys lucerna AM 81 16.6 40.7 0.0052 3.2225 0.0541 0.976 3.1148–3.3300 A+
17 Chlorophthalmus agassizi AM 889 5.0 18.7 0.0033 3.2840 0.0220 0.960 3.3883–3.4542 A+
18 Chromis chromis AM 57 6.7 11.6 0.0147 3.0513 0.1241 0.962 2.7998–3.3028 A+
19 Citharus linguatula AM 1366 8.2 26.4 0.0058 3.0911 0.0161 0.957 3.0593–3.1227 A+
20 Coelorinchus caelorhincus AM 117 6.0 10.9 0.0067 2.6975 0.6032 0.910 2.6169–2.7781 A–
21 Conger conger AM 72 25.8 51.7 0.0002 3.5482 0.1118 0.981 3.2820–3.8145 A+
22 Coris julis AM 201 6.2 13.6 0.0068 3.1178 0.0311 0.982 3.0563–3.1792 A+
23 Dentex dentex AM 97 13.7 32.9 0.0157 3.0185 0.1925 0.958 2.6164–3.4206 A+
Weight–length relations of 103 fish species from the Aegean Sea

24 Diplodus annularis AM 2554 5.3 16.3 0.0192 3.0425 0.0186 0.912 3.0058–3.0790 A+
25 Diplodus sargus sargus E 83 11.7 27.3 0.0205 2.9682 0.2819 0.947 2.7164–3.2200 A–
26 Diplodus vulgaris AM 1893 5.5 23.1 0.0309 2.8940 0.0135 0.965 2.8730–2.9206 A–
27 Echelus myrus AM 57 39.7 72.6 0.0029 2.6472 0.1331 0.989 2.3001–2.9943 A–
28 Equulites klunzingeri L 71 6.3 9.8 0.0121 3.6372 0.0402 0.927 3.4554–3.8190 A+
29 Eutrigla gurnardus AM 118 10.7 21.3 0.0036 3.2625 0.1119 0.981 3.0102–3.5148 A+
30 Fistularia commersonii L 48 31.4 63.2 0.0118 2.7274 0.1185 0.992 2.6738–2.7810 A–
Table continues on next page
265
Table 1 cont.
266

Relation parameters Growth

No. Species Origin N Lmin Lmax
a b SE of b r2 95% CI of b type
31 Gadiculus argenteus AM 534 5.7 10.7 0.0034 3.4790 0.0620 0.850 3.3558–3.6014 A+
32 Glossanodon leioglossus AM 168 8.5 14.2 0.0029 3.2955 0.0779 0.971 3.1114–3.54796 A+
33 Gobius cruentatus AM 51 8.2 16.4 0.0136 2.9321 0.1348 0.992 2.7796–3.0846 A–
34 Gobius niger AM 531 7.9 16.0 0.008 3.1249 0.0296 0.959 3.0666–3.1830 A+
35 Helicolenus dactylopterus AM 101 5.8 14.7 0.0093 3.2320 0.0350 0.988 3.1608–3.3032 A+
36 Hoplostethus mediterraneus AM 211 5.2 16.1 0.0078 3.2190 0.0600 0.932 3.1001–3.3991 A+
37 Labrus merula AM 45 17.1 25.6 0.0182 2.9685 0.0963 0.996 2.7246–3.2124 A–
38 Labrus viridis AM 41 16.8 26.4 0.0238 2.8131 0.1127 0.994 2.7012–2.9250 A–
39 Lampanyctus crocodilus AM 80 9.4 16.2 0.0069 3.1434 0.0421 0.967 3.0213–3.2655 A+
40 Lepidorhombus boscii AM 67 7.7 17.2 0.0044 3.1990 0.0410 0.992 3.1171–3.2824 A+
41 Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis AM 144 6.8 12.0 0.0269 3.2610 0.0330 0.926 2.9937–3.5288 A+
42 Lepidotrigla cavillone AM 1673 4.1 18.1 0.0124 3.0293 0.0179 0.944 2.9939–3.0645 A+
43 Lepidotrigla dieuzeidei AM 114 8.7 14.1 0.0128 2.9614 0.1537 0.971 2.8840–3.0388 A–
44 Lesueurigobius friesii AM 765 3.6 9.4 0.0087 2.9634 0.0368 0.915 2.8256–2.9703 A–
45 Lithognathus mormyrus AM 169 13.7 22.7 0.0124 2.9336 0.0427 0.999 2.8612–3.0061 A–
46 Liza ramada AM 57 23.6 39.8 0.0224 2.7329 0.0118 0.992 2.6736–2.7922 A–
47 Lophius budegassa AM 197 10.0 18.6 0.0118 3.0170 0.1000 0.820 2.8945–3.1186 A+
Bilge et al.

48 Lophius piscatorius AM 126 18.7 64.3 0.0248 2.9136 0.0987 0.976 2.8109–3.0163 A–
49 Macroramphosus scolopax C 189 5.9 12.0 0.0208 2.3770 0.1000 0.750 2.1786–2.5757 A–
50 Merluccius merluccius AM 2868 8.1 47.6 0.0037 3.2273 0.0063 0.988 3.2147–3.2398 A+
51 Mullus barbatus barbatus AM 2009 5.6 38.2 0.0065 3.3550 0.1830 0.970 3.1771–3.3361 A+
52 Mullus surmuletus AM 140 7.5 28.3 0.0273 2.7960 0.0410 0.971 2.7143–2.8673 A–
53 Mustelus mustelus AM 74 34.9 101.7 0.0053 2.8435 0.0982 0.989 2.6286–3.0584 A–
54 Mustelus punctulatus AM 52 41.4 76.8 0.0224 3.0296 0.0435 0.996 2.8939–3.1653 I
55 Nemipterus randalli L 118 11.8 22.9 0.0174 2.9243 0.0175 0.989 2.8561–2.9925 A–
56 Oblada melanura AM 157 11.6 25.8 0.0174 2.8572 0.1257 0.994 2.7458–2.9686 A–
57 Pagellus acarne AM 472 9.1 20.2 0.0121 3.2114 0.1366 0.923 3.1480–3.6582 A+
58 Pagellus bogaraveo AM 113 7.8 15.9 0.0178 2.9625 0.0931 0.987 2.8712–3.0538 A–
59 Pagellus erythrinus AM 531 5.7 20.4 0.0184 3.0128 0.0219 0.972 2.9697–3.0559 A+
60 Parablennius tentacularis AM 72 7.1 11.6 0.0137 2.7625 0.4582 0.979 2.5650–2.9600 A–
61 Peristedion cataphractum AM 56 6.9 18.2 0.0048 2.9756 0.0438 0.992 2.8799–3.0713 A–
62 Pomadasys incisus AM 51 12.1 16.3 0.0197 2.8513 0.1447 0.930 2.7431–2.9826 A–
Table continues on next page
Table 1 cont.
Relation parameters Growth
No. Species Origin N Lmin Lmax
a b SE of b r2 95% CI of b type
63 Pomatoschistus minutus AM 59 3.5 5.2 0.0016 2.9635 0.2149 0.962 2.7101–3.2169 A–
64 Raja miraletus C 62 26.7 49.3 0.0008 3.4392 0.2371 0.972 3.2100–3.6684 A+
65 Raja radula E 38 43.7 66.5 0.0068 2.9718 0.2774 0.991 2.8982–3.0454 A–
66 Salaria pavo AM 43 7.4 13.8 0.0113 3.0782 0.1774 0.995 2.8748–3.2816 A+
67 Saurida undosquamis L 48 11.2 29.2 0.0037 3.2174 0.0512 0.981 2.9605–3.4743 A+
68 Sciaena umbra AM 54 14.7 40.4 0.0136 3.0038 0.1957 0.979 3.7908–3.2168 A+
69 Scomber japonicus C 31 14.3 18.8 0.0052 3.0936 0.1528 0.988 3.0112–3.1760 I
70 Scophthalmus rhombus AM 92 29.7 48.4 0.0165 2.9178 0.2561 0.962 2.8027–3.0329 A–
71 Scorpaena notata AM 314 8.6 17.3 0.0190 3.0041 0.0368 0.955 2.9315–3.0765 I
72 Scorpaena porcus AM 63 7.7 26.8 0.0170 3.0449 0.0382 0.986 2.9688–3.1209 A+
73 Scorpaena scrofa AM 74 9.6 42.9 0.0218 2.9637 0.0421 0.996 2.8690–3.0584 A–
74 Scyliorhinus canicula AM 144 27.9 50.3 0.0012 3.2999 0.0786 0.925 3.1445–3.4552 A+
75 Scyliorhinus stellaris AM 92 14.1 71.7 0.0039 2.9755 0.1049 0.987 2.7480–3.2030 A–
76 Serranus cabrilla AM 1281 7.4 25.4 0.0112 2.9904 0.0113 0.981 2.9680–3.0126 A–
77 Serranus hepatus AM 4987 4.4 11.7 0.0201 2.7510 0.0192 0.972 2.5582–2.9507 A–
78 Serranus scriba AM 499 8.3 23.4 0.0093 3.1637 0.0158 0.987 3.1325–3.1948 A+
79 Solea solea AM 171 18.6 33.7 0.0023 3.3691 0.0760 0.920 3.1290–3.5191 A+
80 Sphyraena chrysotaenia L 35 18.0 24.0 0.0024 3.2510 0.0224 0.966 3.1387–3.4374 A+
81 Spicara maena AM 528 9.0 18.1 0.0148 2.9675 0.0369 0.924 2.8947–3.0401 A–
82 Spondyliosoma cantharus AM 79 8.6 18.7 0.0208 2.9956 0.0777 0.950 2.8407–3.1504 A–
83 Squalus blainvillei C 80 17.7 62.9 0.0052 2.9640 0.0260 0.991 2.9111–3.0179 A–
84 Symphodus cinereus AM 61 4.7 9.7 0.0050 3.5053 0.1352 0.919 3.3347–3.6758 A+
85 Symphodus doderleini E 34 5.6 9.5 0.0202 2.8304 0.1145 0.983 2.7572–3.0855 A–
86 Symphodus mediterraneus AM 38 4.7 16.6 0.0139 3.0029 0.0737 0.984 2.9558–3.0500 I
87 Symphodus melanocercus E 41 5.9 9.4 0.0255 2.7372 0.2721 0.982 2.4654–3.090 A–
Weight–length relations of 103 fish species from the Aegean Sea

88 Symphodus ocellatus E 274 4.6 9.0 0.0102 3.1307 0.0423 0.952 3.0474–3.2140 A+
89 Symphodus rostratus E 42 6.7 12.5 0.0048 3.4125 0.0982 0.974 3.2124–3.6126 A+
90 Symphodus tinca AM 110 6.6 22.0 0.0180 2.9243 0.0497 0.969 2.8256–3.0201 A–
91 Syngnathus acus AM 21 9.1 25.3 0.0001 2.8935 0.0492 0.999 2.7457–3.0413 A–
92 Torpedo marmorata AM 57 9.7 28.3 0.0721 2.5325 0.1614 0.981 2.4604–2.6046 A–
93 Torpedo nobiliana AM 73 8.3 28.2 0.0519 2.7154 0.0537 0.998 2.5641–2.8667 A–
94 Trachinus draco AM 59 18.1 33.9 0.0033 3.2278 0.0932 0.954 3.0411–3.4145 A+
Table continues on next page
267
 268 Bilge et al.

cabrilla (Linnaeus, 1758); Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus,

N = sample size, L = length [cm], min = minimum, max = maximum, r2 = coefficient of determination, a = intercept, b = slope, SE of b = standart error of b, CI = confidence inter-
val, A (+) = positive allometry, A (–) = negative allometry, I = isometry, AM = Atlanto-Mediterranean, L = lessepsian, C = cosmopolitan, E = Mediterranean endemic species; Species
1758); Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758); Solea solea
(Linnaeus, 1758); Sphyraena chrysotaenia Klunzinger,
Growth
type
A+
A+

A+

A+
A+
A+
A+
A–

A–
1884; Spicara maena (Linnaeus, 1758); Spondyliosoma
cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758); Squalus blainvillei (Risso,
1827); Symphodus cinereus (Bonnaterre, 1788);
Symphodus doderleini Jordan, 1890; Symphodus mediter-
raneus (Linnaeus, 1758); Symphodus melanocercus (Risso,
3.3130–3.5564
2.9755–3.3053
2.5249–2.8330
2.9883–3.1067
2.8965–3.0494
3.0915–3.2247
3.0882–3.2664
3.1509–3.3223
2.9696–3.1260
95% CI of b

1810); Symphodus ocellatus (Linnaeus, 1758); Symphodus

rostratus (Bloch, 1791); Symphodus tinca (Linnaeus,
1758); Syngnathus acus Linnaeus, 1758; Torpedo mar-
morata Risso, 1810; Torpedo nobiliana Bonaparte, 1835;
Trachinus draco Linnaeus, 1758; Trachurus mediterraneus
(Steindachner, 1868); Trachurus picturatus (Bowdich,
1825); Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758); Trigla lyra
0.987
0.983
0.977
0.992
0.937
0.970
0.972
0.975
0.998
Relation parameters
r2

Linnaeus, 1758; Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre, 1788);

Upeneus moluccensis (Bleeker, 1855); Upeneus pori Ben-
Tuvia et Golani, 1989; Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus,
SE of b
0.1695
0.0726
0.0753
0.0698
0.0388
0.0677
0.0314
0.0433
0.0326

1758; Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758.

Out of the 103 fish species sampled, 84 (81.55%) were of
the Atlanto-Mediterranean origin, 7 (6.80%) were endemic
to the Mediterranean, 5 (4.85%) were cosmopolitan, and
3.4347
3.1404
2.6790
3.0475
2.9730
3.1420
3.1773
3.2366
3.0478

7 (6.80%) were Lessepsian migrants (Table 1). Sparidae

b

(10.7%; 11 species), Labridae (9.7%; 10 species), and

Triglidae (6.8%; 7 species) were the most abundant families.
Sample sizes ranged from 21 for Syngnathus acus, to 4987
for Serranus hepatus (Table 1). The sample size, mini-
0.0034
0.0044
0.0162
0.0069
0.0134
0.0070
0.0058
0.0087
0.0156
a

mum and maximum length for each species are presented

in Table 1, as well as the WLRs, the coefficient of deter-
mination (r2) and the standard error and confidence inter-
val (CI) of b. Values of the allometric coefficient (b) ranged
16.7
31.3
14.7
35.3
21.1
22.5
17.6
30.7
45.9
Lmax

from 2.1729 for Cepola macrophthalma to 3.6372 for

Equulites klunzingeri (Table 1). The mean value of b (± stan-
dard deviation) was 3.029 (± 0.2756) and the median b was
8.7
16.2
8.7
7.2
8.7
7.9
7.4
11.3
7.8
Lmin

3.0031, with 50% of the b values being between 2.924 and

3.183. Overall, the values of the parameter b vary between
are listed in alphabetical order according to the Froese and Pauly (2013).

2 and 4 (Tesch 1971). In the presently reported study 94.2%

of the 103 species had b values within the expected range of
53
39
539
122
702
320
54
108
68

2.5–3.5 (Koutrakis and Tsikliras 2003) with 2.5325 for

N

Torpedo marmorata and 3.4790 for Gadiculus argenteus.

All relations were highly significant (P < 0.001), with the
majority of (94.17% of 103 species) r2 values being greater
Origin

AM
AM
AM
AM
AM

AM

than 0.9 (Table 1). There were only six exceptions:

C
L
L

Macroramphosus scolopax, Lophius budegassa, Belone sve-

tovidovi, Gadiculus argenteus, Buglossidium luteum, and
Capros aper (Table 1). Concerning the type of growth,
4 species (3.9% of the total species number) showed isomet-
ric growth (b = 3), 50 species (48.5%) positive allometry
Trachurus mediterraneus

(b > 3), and 49 species (47.6%) negative allometry (b < 3).

Fish samples in this study were intermittently collect-
Upeneus moluccensis
Trigloporus lastoviza
Trachurus picturatus
Trachurus trachurus

Uranoscopus scaber

ed throughout the year. Estimated WLR parameters

should be considered only as mean annual values for most
Upeneus pori

of these species since the data were collected over an

Trigla lyra

Zeus faber

extensive period of time and are not representative of any

No. Species

particular season (Dulčić and Glamuzina 2006). As

Table 1 cont.

stressed by Bagenal and Tesch (1978) and Petrakis and

Stergiou (1995), the use of these relations should be lim-
101
102
103
95
96
97
98
99
100

ited to the size range used to estimate the parameters.

 Weight–length relations of 103 fish species from the Aegean Sea 269

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS İlkyaz A.T., Metin G., Soykan O., Kinacigil H.T. 2008.
This research was supported by the Muğla Sitki Length–weight relationship of 62 fish species from the cen-
Koçman University Scientific Research Fund (BAP tral Aegean Sea, Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 24
09/31). We would like to thank the “Republic of Turkey, (6): 699–702. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01167.x
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, General Ismen A., Ozen O., Altinagac U., Ozekinci U., Ayaz A. 2007.
Directorate of Protection and Control” and “Turkish Weight–length relationships of 63 fish species in Saros Bay,
Coast Guard Command (TCGC)” and “TCG Aegean Sea Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 23 (6): 707–708.
Area Command” for giving trawl permission in prohibit- DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00872.x
ed areas during the survey. Karakulak F.S., Erk H., Bilgin B. 2006. Length–weight rela-
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