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angsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
Ministry of Basic, Higher & Technical Education
DIVISION OF LANAO DEL SUR 1
Module Code: ENG11/12-21STCL-Q1-W2-D2
MODULE IN 21st Century Literature from the Philippines to the World
First Quarter/ Week 2/ Day 2
Name: _________________________________Grade Level/Track/Strand: ___________________
Name of Teacher: _____________________________________ Date: _____________________
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW (Objective)
Explains the geographic, linguistic and ethnic dimensions of Philippine
literary history from Japanese period
WHAT’S NEW (Your Lesson for Today)
In today’s lesson you will be informed of the impression in Philippine Literature during Japanese
colonization. Between 1941-1945, Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when the
Philippines was again conquered by another foreign country, Japan. Philippine literature in English came
to sudden stop.
The Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)
Because of the exacting restrictions forced by the Japanese in the composition and
distributing of works in English, Philippine writing in English encountered a dim
period.
Writings that came out during this period were journalistic in nature.
The only Filipino writers who could write freely were those who were living
in the United States.
Most writers and authors were led to either go underground or write in Tagalog.
Filipino literature also experienced renewed attention because writers in English turned to writing in
Filipino.
Noteworthy writer of the period was
Carlos P. Romulo who won the Pulitzer Prize for his bestseller I SAW THE FALL OF THE
PHILIPPINES, I SEE THE PHILIPPINES RISE and his MOTHER AMERICA, AND MY
BROTHER AMERICANS.
-Journalists include Salvador P. Lopez, Leon Ma. Guerrero, Raul Manglapuz, and Carlos Bulosan.
-Nick Joaquin produced THE WOMAN WHO LOOKED LIKE LAZARUS.
Status of Fiction
The field of the short story widened during the Japanese Occupation.
Many wrote short stories. Among them were: Brigido Batungbakal, Macario Pineda, Serafin Guinigindo,
Liwayway Arceo, Narciso Ramos, NVM Gonzales, Alicia Lopez Lim, Ligaya Perez, and Gloria Guzman.
The best writings in 1945 were selected by a group of judges composed of Francisco Icasiano, Jose
Esperanza Cruz, Antonio Rosales, Clodualdo del Mundo and Teodoro Santos. As a result of this selection,
the following got the first three prizes:
First Prize: Narciso Reyes with his LUPANG TINUBUAN
Second Prize: Liwayway Arceo’s UHAW ANG TIGANG NA LUPA
Third Prize: NVM Gonzales’ LUNSOD NAYON AT DAGAT-DAGATAN
Status of Poetry
The normal topic of the most poetry during the Japanese occupation was patriotism, nation, love, and
life in the barrios, confidence, religion, and expressions of the human experience. Three kinds of poetry
developed during this period. They were:
1. Haiku – a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three
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lines. The first line had 5 syllables, the second, 7 syllables, and the third, five. The Haiku is allegorical in
meaning, is short and covers a wide scope in meaning.
“A World of Dew” by Kobayashi Issa
A world of dew,
And within every dewdrop
A world of struggle.
2. Tanaga – like the Haiku, is short but it had measure and rhyme. Four lines with 7 syllables each and it’s
also allegorical in meaning.
Traditional version English version
ang hating-gabing kulay my life is like the color
tulad ng aking buhay of midnight, gloomy and dark
kaylan masisilayan when will the morning arrive
ang liwanag ng araw to warm the coldness of my heart
3. Karaniwanag Anyo (Usual Form of poetry with rhyming words)
References for further enhancement:
(If you wish to know more and view a video regarding this lesson then you may go to these following links_ Happy to learn!)
http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Literature/literary_forms_in_philippine_lit.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6g8LHaDW510
Status of Drama
The drama encountered a break during the Japanese time frame in view of film houses indicating
American movies were shut. The huge film houses were simply made to show stage appears. A
considerable lot of the plays were proliferations of English plays to Tagalog. The interpreters were
Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Alberto Concio, and Narciso Pimentel. They likewise established the association
of Filipino players named Dramatic Philippines. A couple of play authors were:
1. Jose Ma. Hernandez – wrote PANDAY PIRA
2. Francisco Soc Rodrigo – wrote sa PULA, SA PUTI
3. Clodualdo del Mundo – wrote Bulaga (an expression in the game of Hide and Seek).
4. Julian Cruz Balmacedo- wrote SINO BA KAYO?, DAHIL SA ANAK, and HIGANTE NG PATAY.
The Commonwealth Literary Awards gave prizes to meritorious writers. Those who won were:
LIKE THE MOLAVE –by Rafael Zulueta de Costa (Poetry)
LITERATURE AND SOCIETY –by Salvador P. Lopez (Essay)
HIS NATIVE SOIL –by Juan Laya (Novel)
President Manuel L. Quezon’s autobiography THE GOOD FIGHT was published posthumously
F. B. Icasino wrote essays in The Philippine Review,
Carlos Bulosan’s works included
THE LAUGHTER OF MY FATHER (1944)
THE VOICE OF BATAAN (1943)
SIX FILIPINO POETS (1942)
Alfredo Litiatco published WITH HARP AND SLING and
Jose P. Laurel published FORCES THAT MAKE A NATION GREAT in 1943
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED (Generalization)
During this time, there was no right to speak freely and of the press.
• Victoria Abelardo has depicted Filipino composition during the Japanese
occupation as being critical and severe.
• There were a few endeavors at idealist writing, however as a rule, the artistic yield
was minor and unimportant. In light of severe control, not many artistic works were
printed during the war years.
Tagalog was supported by the Japanese military power and writing in English was
dispatched to a limbo.
• Japanese had the option to impact and energize the Filipino in building up the
vernacular writing.
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WHAT I CAN DO (Are You Ready to Practice?)
Is today’s lesson clear? If not, then you may go back to our discussion and the given examples.
PRACTICE EXCERCISES 1
This short story by Narciso Reyes won as the best fiction during the Japanese
Colonial period. It talks about the journey back home of a man named
Danding who will attend a wake of a distant relative. In his journey he met
several unknown relatives and a worthwhile story about his father and his
land of origin.
Except: LUPANG TINUBUAN
Unti-unti siyang pinanawan ng lumbay at agam-agam, at natiwasay ang pagod niyang katawan. Sa
kapirasong lupang ito, na siyang sinilangan ng ama niya, ay napanatag ang kanyang puso.
Palakas nang palakas ang hangin, na nagtataglay ng amoy ng lupa at kay bango ng nakamandalang
palay! Naalala ni Danding ang mga kuwento ni Lolo Tasyo tungkol sa kanyang ama, at siya’y napangiti
nang lihim. Ang pagsasaranggola sa bukid, ang pagkahulog sa kalabaw, dalaga sa bunton ng palay, ang
lahat ay nananariwa sa kanyang gunita. Tumawa nang marahan si Danding at pinag-igi pang lalo ang
pagkakasalampak niya sa lupa. Tila isang punong kababaon doon ang mga ugat, siya’y nakaramdam ng
pagkakaugnay sa bukid na minsa’y nadilig na mga luha at umalingawngaw sa mga halakhak ng kanyang
ama.
Sa sandaling iyon ay tila hawak ni Danding sa palad ang lihim ng tinatawag na pag-ibig sa lupang
tinubuan. Nauunawaan niya kung bakit ang pagkakatapon sa ibang bansa ay napakabigat na parusa, at
kung bakit ang mga nawawalay na anak ay sumasalungat sa bagyo at baha makauwi lamang sa Inang
Bayan. Kung bakit walang atubiling naghain ng dugo sina Rizal at Bonifacio.
Sa kabila ng mga magigiting na pangungusap ng pambihirang mga pagmamalasakit, at ng
kamatayan ng mga bayani ay nasulyapan ni Danding ang kapirasong lupa, na kinatitirikan ng kanilang
mga tahanan, kinabubuhayan ng kanilang mga kamag-anak, kasalo sa kanilang mga lihim at nagtatago
na pamana ng kanilang mga angkan. Muli siyang napangiti.
The Japanese Colonization and the onset of War has made Filipinos long for a safer place
to be Filipinos again. With reference to the excerpt of Narciso Reyes’ LUPANG TINUBUAN,
create a badge to symbolize the message of the story. Give a short explanation as to the design
you have created.
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Explanation
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RUBRICS
20-18 17-15 14-10
Content indicates synthesis of Content indicates thinking and Shows some thinking and
ideas, in depth analysis and reasoning applied with original reasoning but most ideas are
evidences original thought and thought on a few underdeveloped
support for the topic. ideas.
PRACTICE EXERCISES 2
The Filipino equivalent of a Japanese haiku is tanaga.
Create a tanaga inspired by the emotion you felt from the story Lupang Tinubuan.
Be sure to cut-out a picture that will go along with your poetry.
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PRACTICE EXERCISES 3
Analyze the meaning presented in the literary text
Like The Molave
R. Zulueta da Costa 1. The poem says Rizal and the other heroes cannot
rest yet. Why are they still needed?
Not yet, Rizal, not yet. Sleep not in peace:
There are a thousand waters to be spanned;
there are a thousand mountains to be crossed;
there are a thousand crosses to be borne.
Our shoulders are not strong; our sinews are
grown. Flaccid with dependence, smug with ease
2. Who is the mythical character mentioned in the
under another's wing. Rest not in peace; poem? Why is he alluded/referred to?
Not yet, Rizal, not yet. The land has need
of young blood-and, what younger than your own,
Forever spilled in the great name of freedom,
Forever. Oblate on the altar of
the free? Not you alone, Rizal. O souls
And spirits of the. Martyred brave, arise!
Arise and scour the land! Shed once again 3. Justify the comparison between the Molave and
the Filipinos.
your willing blood! Infuse the vibrant red
into our thin anemic veins; until
we pick up your Promethean tools and, strong,
Out of the depthless matrix of your faith
in us, and on the silent cliffs of freedom,
we carve for all time your marmoreal dream!
Until our people, seeing, are become 4. What challenges does the poem give to the
like the Molave, firm, resilient, staunch, Filipino people?
rising on the hillside, unafraid,
Strong in its own fiber, yes, like the Molave!
II.
Not yet, Rizal, not yet. The glory hour will come
Out of the silent dreaming
from the seven thousand folds silence
We shall emerge, saying WE ARE FILIPINOS!
and no longer be ashamed
sleep not in peace
the dream is not yet fully carved
hard the wood but harder the woods
yet the Molave will stand
yet the Molave monument will rise
and god's walk on brown legs.
EVALUATION:
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Write a reflective essay about the knowledge you have gained from this lesson with reference to the
poem Like The Molave by R. Zulueta da Costa. How can we grow and be like Molave as Filipinos in
this millennium.
GROW LIKE THE MOLAVE
RUBRICS
10-8 7-5 4-1
Content indicates synthesis of Content indicates thinking and Shows some thinking and
ideas, in depth analysis and reasoning applied with original reasoning but most ideas are
evidences original thought and thought on a few underdeveloped
support for the topic. ideas.
Integrated the Development of the 21st Century Learning Skills:
COMMUNICATION: Learners are task to comprehend meaning of a poem and to express their thoughts.
CREATIVITY: Learners are task to create their own poem based on the literary format given.
CRITICAL THINKING: Learners are task to analyze the literary text for deeper understanding
CHARACTER: Learners are task to think over the values they can adapt from the literary text
References Cited
Agoncillo T.A. (2003) History and Culture, Language and Literature. UST Publishing House Dimalanta, O et.al. 2004) Philippine
Contemporary Literature in English. UST Publishing House
ncca.gov.ph
