IRPMKMARM SABAAM® PIMMX GOPM 3 ANTMIACHKOI MOBM 121 NPWKNAAMY SABAAHb PISHAX MOPM 3 AHTMIACbKOI MOBU # Sasaanns saxpurolpopmn Sanxanus 3 sxGopom onmiel upasuannol sixnonizti. Read the text below. For questions (1—2) choose the correct answer (A, B,C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. ‘Your Health Swimming is great exercise. It’s healthy, fun and relaxing. Because swimming isa slow-impacts sport, most people enjoy participating in this activity without fear of injury to their bones or muscles. Jogging, which is a «high-impact» activity, can at times be harmful. I know this from personal experience. Last year while I was jogging, I injured my right knee. I don’t go jogging any more. After a painful month of recovery, I stopped running and switched to water sports. Now I’m thinking about joining a swimming team and competing in races. 1 According to the text, swimming is A. the healthiest sports activity for the author. B the most traumatic kind of sport for people. € the most acceptable activity for the author. D the most pleasant free-time activity for people. Why did the author decide to go in for swimming? A. He wanted to take part in the swimming competition. B He didn’t like to go jogging. C He wanted to be healthy, to have fun and relax. D He has hurt his leg seriously while jogging. Tipasuasni wignosini: 1 —C;2—D. Spasox nosuayenua siqnosizeit y GaanKy: Sapaanusa na Bctanossenns Binmoniuocri. Read the text below. Match questions (A—G) to (1—5). There are two questions you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Travelling to Ukraine Iguess I wanted to travel, but it was never my priority. I've been to Greece before on a school trip for sightseeing. I liked Greece a lot, but all we saw were ruins day in and day out. I would have liked to have met people, too. In Ukraine it’s the opposite. I don’t feel like a tourist. I would like to be able to see more of the sights. The money I had earned to come here was worth it.124 ‘SPASOK BMKOMANHA TECTY S3PA3OK BUKOHAHHA TECTY ™ Reading Read the text below. you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Planning for a Year of Achievement Are you busy making your New Year Resolutions or have you resolved never to make a New Year's resolution ever again? If the latter, you're not alone. So many people get demoralized when, year after year, they make deci- sions that they keep for only a few weeks or maybe even just a few days. Our Rules for New Year's Resolutions will help set you up for success right from the start. 1 Successful resolutions start with a strong dedication to make a change. To succeed, you must believe that you can accomplish what you set out to and that belief is supported by the unwavering support you give yourself. 2 A simple but powerful technique for making your goal real is to put your resolution into writing. There is something inside us that creates more com- mitment and drive when we take the time to do this. Consider writing it down on pieces of card and keeping it where you'll see it often — on your desk, the fridge, in your wallet. 3 This is where so many resolutions fall down. Articulating what you want to achieve is one thing; deciding how to do it is quite another. Don’t miss out this step! Start by envisioning where you want to be; then walk back along your path to where you are today; write down all the milestones you note in be- tween; and decide what you will do to accomplish each of these milestones. You need to know each step and have a plan for what comes next. 4 Not everything will work out precisely the way you planned. If you are too rigid in your approach to resolutions the first minor obstacle can throw you off your course completely.‘3PASOK BMKONANKS TECTY 125 a When creating your plan try to predict some challenges you will face — make a contingency plan for the ones that have the highest probability and mentally prepare yourself for the others. Realize that your resolution itself might change along the way as well. ‘That’snot failure, it’s reality. As your life changes so will your goals, dreams, and desires. 5 Although knowledge of a job well done can be enough prize, we all en- Joy a little treat from time to time. Even the most committed person needs ‘a boost and sometimes that is best accomplished through an external reward. When you are developing your plan, make a note of a few milestones where you will praise yourself once they are achieved. But spread them out — you want to make sure the rewards remain special and are not too easy to get. New Year's resolutions can be a pain or a pleasure. The choice is yours. The starting point is to focus on something that you really want and are ready to give your commitment to, Do this and you'll be in a great position to stay motivated and be successful! Be Flexible Commit to Your Resolution Use a System of Reminders Write It Down. Be Realistic ‘Track Your Progress Reward Yourself Make a Plan mOmmDOmD> ‘The Danger of Sunbeds In the UK, a country known for its bad weather and lack of sunshine, there appears to be an ever increasing number of very tanned young people. ‘So just how are they achieving their golden tans? Some are opting for the sun-free option and are getting their tan from a bottle. However, it appears that others are turning to tanning salons, of which there are thousands in the UK. So why do the British prefer to be bronzed? Often, they are trying toemu- late their favourite celebrities, footballers, or footballers’ wives. Research rom the British Sunbed Association suggests that many people believe a tan makes them feel and look healthier. ‘This is a belief that is most definitely not shared by Cancer Research UK. They firmly state that being tanned is not a sign of health. In fact, they are strongly against young people using sunbeds. On their website, they tate that people who use sunbeds before the age of 35 have a higher risk of lanoma. The dangers of tanning did not appear to concern ten-year-old Kel- Thompson who hit headlines in April after receiving severe burns from126 ‘3PA3OK BMKONAMNA TECTY spending 16 minutes on a sunbed. Kelly's mother was horrified that her daughter had been allowed to use the sunbeds and that the tanning salon was unmanned. She noted that: «There was no one to give advice on using these potentially dangerous machiness. ‘Whether the British government has been taking heed of such recent tan- ning tragedies is not clear. What is clear, however, is that self-regulation in the sunbed industry looks unlikely to continue. Just after Kelly’s story was reported in the news, the government issued a statement advising that people under 18 should not use sunbeds and that all salons should be supervised by trained staff. 6 The main idea of the text is that A the UK isa country known for lack of sunshine. B there are quite many extremely tanned young people in the UK. C the British prefer to be bronzed. D being tanned can be dangerous for young people’s health. 7 The author believes young people prefer to be tanned because they are following famous people’s style. it’s good for health. it can help to overcome depression caused by dull weather. scientists say that being tanned is good for health. com> 8 Cancer Research UK states that A young people must not stay in the sun. B there is a higher risk of melanoma for people who use sunbeds before the age of 35. € it’s dangerous for young people’s health to have a tanned skin. D_ melanoma is widespread among people before the age of 35. 9 Itcan be inferred from the text that Kelly Thompson A. was allowed to use a tanning salon by her mother. B suffered from severe burns after she had spent 16 minutes on a sunbed. was advised to use the sunbed by the tanning salon staff. D has a nice bronze skin. 10 According to the statement issued by the British government tanning salons are self-regulated. underaged people are recommended not to use sunbeds. people under 18 can use sunbeds with their parents’ concern. it’s up to salons whether to have trained staff to supervise young clients. com> Task 3 Read the text below. Match choices(A—H) to(11—16). There are two choices you do not need to use, Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. 11 Thistle Kensington Gardens ‘This modern hotel provides a cosy and peaceful place to stay. Located on. tree-lined Bayswater Road, overlooks Hyde Park.‘3PA3OK BHKOMAHMR TECTY Facilities Meeting facili Dry Cleaning/Laundry Service. Internet access. Lounge/Bar. es. Restaurant. Nearest underground station: Queensway. "12 Days Inn London Gateway ‘Type of Accommodation: Holiday Inn Situated between Junctions 2 and 4 off the M1, the Days Inn London Gateway offers spacious one-suite rooms, free satellite TV in every room, tea- and coffee-making facilities, free newspaper, telephone and free parking that make Days Inn terrific value. The Days Inn London Gateway also offers an extensive range of food and beverage facilities including a fully licensed bar and restaurant. 13 Park Royal Hotel ‘Type of Accommodation: Bed and Breakfast Park Royal Hotel is located in the very heart of London, with transporta- tion at our doorstep to all London attractions and Business Centres. One-suite rooms with power shower. Colour television. Direct dial telephone and computer points. | Complimentary tea-/eoffee-making facilities. Hairdryer. | Allrooms fully air-conditioned. | Dining faciliti | Free limited parking. | 14 Croydon Cottage Croydon Cottage is situated in the Green Belt (which is 15 minutes or so from London by train), this delightful holiday home offers unspoilt views and ‘comfortable accommodation. Reached along a wooded track, and once one of | 2 pair of gamekeepers’ cottages, the Cottage is a self-contained part of the ‘owners’ home. The terraced garden is great fun for small children, but please note it has an unfenced pond. From the Cottage there are walks through woods and parks, and there are 9 golf courses in easy reach. South Croydon, about a mile away, has a wide range of restaurants and pubs. 15 Gloucester Hotel ‘Type of Accommodation: Budget Accommodation All bedrooms of Gloucester Hotel are offering modern amenities, a cosy | TV lounge and a bar. The hotel also has @ lift and rooms on the ground floor | for easy access. Our staff are fluent in French, Spanish, Portuguese, Urdu, | Hindi, Polish & Russian. /16 The Clarion Hotel The Clarion Hotel is a modern Irish-owned 4-star hotel and leisure cen- tre in the heart of the city. Our rooms have everything you might need for your stay, and are ideal for both business and leisure travellers. The air-con- ditioned rooms offer power showers and in-room safes. Hotel beds are deco- | rated with Egyptian cotton linen. Guests have free access to the Sano Vitae Health & Fitness Club, which has a gym, a pool, a sauna, a steam room and a hot tub. 127128 ‘3PASOK BMKOMANNS TECTY This hotel will be the right place for you if you are looking for accommodation outside London. has a swimming pool and a gym among its facilities. is a bed and breakfast place accommodated in a 19"-century building. has a personnel speaking a variety of languages. offers tea- and coffee-making facilities as well as free satellite TV. is located in the centre of the city which is favourable for travelling around London. is an excellent choice for those who are looking for a comfortable and quiet stay. H isa historic landmark, getting visitors to recall famous actors. > amoow a Task 4 Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each space (17—22). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. The world’s tallest building officially opened in Dubai on January the 4, ‘The height of the 828-metre Burj Khalifa was kepta secret (17)__. It is twice the height of New York’s Empire State Building. Another big surprise at the opening was the renaming of the tower. The building had always been called Burj Dubai. However, Dubai’s ruler announced it would now be called Burj Khalifa after the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Dubai's neighbour. The oil-rich emirate of Abu Dhabi helped save Dubai (18) _ Itis likely the Burj will remain as the world’s tallest building for a while tocome. (19) there seems to be little appetite for ambitious construction projects from property developers. The Burj’s owners, however, are confi- dent the building (20) . More than 90 per cent of the space has been. sold. It cost $22 billion to build and has broken many records. The opening celebrations included the world’s highest fireworks, (21) __above the world’s tallest fountain. The building houses the world’s highest mosque and swimming pool, (22) and 76. Burj Khalifa has 1,044 luxury apart- ments, 49 floors of offices and the 160-room Armani hotel. Around 12,000 people will live and work in the tower. until the opening ceremony has gone through difficult times located on floors 158 Since the 2008 global financial crisis which lit up the sky from possible financial collapse will be a success ‘The chairman of the company, Mohamed Alabbar mOmmoomE| sees0x enon rer Task 5 _| Read the text below. For questions (23—32) choose the correct answer (A, B,C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer shee! | ‘The Award for the Greatest Living Briton | The British people voted for Queen Elizabeth Il as the Greatest Living | Use of English i | Briton for 2009. She beat former Beatle Sir Paul McCartney, ex-prime minister Baroness Thatcher and pop superstar Robbie Williams. The Queen was not present at the (23) ____ to collect her award in person. (24) , her youngest son Prince Edward made a special present to his mother via a video link. The Queen has enjoyed great popularity among her people (25) __. She has been on the throne since 1953 and is one of the few British royals to avoid scandals. Her popularity got down after Diana, Princess of Wales, died in Paris in 1997, but she remains a much loved (26)__ today ‘The award for the Greatest Living Briton is a new one. It is given by ITV, oneof Britain’s most(27)___ television companies. Guy Freeman of ITV said: «The Great Britons was a fantastic ceremony showing all that isso great about the United Kingdom». He (28) that the award ceremony is (29) to become an annual event. The first winner, in 2005, was Tim Berners-Lee, the (30) of the World Wide Web. (31) award given at the ceremony was for soccer star David Beckham, who picked up the Award for Global Achievement. This is for his performance on the soc: cer field, his charity work and his (32) around the world to promote Britain and British culture. A B c D 23 overseas: ceremony popularity trend 24 | However Thus | __‘So That's 2 just yet recently still 26 | figure number numeral people 27 | popularity popular carnival | community 28 | adding inaddition | additional added 29 go. gone going went 30 | __ inventor invention invent inventory a1 Other Others Anothers Another 32 activity retire trend ordinary Task 6 Read the text below. For questions (33—42) choose the correct answer (A,B, Cor D), Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Much has been said about how anti-social the Internet and mobile phones are. The truth is, however, according (33) __ new research, 129130 ‘3PABOK BAKOMANHA TECTY communication technology is bringing people closer together. A study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project found family members (34) in regular contact today more than ever before. And this is all due to e-mail, chat, our cell phones and SMS messaging. It makes sense. Years ago, it (35) a long time to write a letter, then find an enve- lope and go to the post office to buy a stamp and post it. Today we write e- mails (36) we wait for our change in the convenience store and they (37) in an instant. Having free Internet telephone calls also (38) us to stay in touch more often and for longer. Everyone’s at it, from five-year-olds to tech-savvy grandparents. According to the Pew survey, technology has a very positive effect on communication (39) families. The researchers asked 2,252 adults whether new technologies (40) the quality of communication with their family. Fifty-three per cent said it increased communication with family members they did not live with, two per cent said technology decreased thit Numbers were similar for those (41) in the same house as their family. ‘The project director Lee Rainey said: «There’s a new kind of connectedness being built inside of families with (42) technologies». Survey co-author Barry Wellman agreed: «It used to be that husbands went off to work, wives went off to a different job or else stayed home... and the kids went off to school... and not until 5:30, 6 o'clock did they ever connect», he said. A B Cc D 3 to with for at 34 | iskeeping | waskeeping | were keeping | _ be keeping 35 take took takes taken 36 | while which who during 37 | _ issent are sent sent be sent 38 help helps helped helping 39 | through across along within 40 | increased | have increased | has increased | had increased 4 live lives | lived living a2 this these that that’s © Writing 43. Write an article for a travel magazine about a historical or cultural place of your country (at least 100 words). Use the plan below: PLAN Introduction Para 1: name, place, description. Main body Para 2: historical facts. Para 3: what visitors can see/do there. Conclusion Para 4: recommendations.YaRUANT 1 131 PIBEHb: CEPEQHIA VARIANT 1 Reading Task 1 Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don’t need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. How to Have a Good Relationship with Your Parents eR Without mutual respect, any relationship will be an unhappy one. People who respect each other: a) value each other’s opinions, b) listen to each other, c) disagree without screaming or insults. And remember, your par- ents have lived longer than you — don’t discount their experience and knowledge. es This is your key to freedom. The way to build trust is through honesty and responsibility. Honesty means you don’t lie or manipulate. Responsibil- ity means you are reliable and can be counted on to use good judgment. When your parents trust you, it’s a lot easier for them to say «yess. Tae ‘Your parents want to know what’s going on in your life. If you keep them in the dark, they won’t know when you need their help or whether they can trust you. Tell them what you're up to, share your thoughts and feel- ings with them, and seek their advice for your problems (you don’t have to take it). Communication builds closeness. i= If you're always honest, a parent will be likely to believe what you say. If you sometimes hide the truth or add too much drama, parents will have a harder time believing what you tell them. If you tell stories, they'll find it hard to trust you. ej Using a tone that’s friendly and polite makes it more likely that parents will listen and take what you say seriously. It also makes it more likely that they’ll talk to you in the same way. Of course, this is hard for any of us (adults included) when we're feeling heated about something. If you think your emotions might get the better of you, do something to blow off steam before talking: go for a run. Cry. Hit your pillow. Do whatever it takes to sound calm when you need to. These guidelines work both ways. If, on occasions, your parents violate any of these guidelines, talk to them about it. Pick a time when you are both calm and feeling good toward each other (never when you're angry). ‘Then, explain to them what they did, how it makes you feel, and what you’d like them to do instead.132 ABCDEFGH PIBEHB: CEPEAKIN Win Your Parents’ Confidence ‘Try not to Argue or Whine Speak Respectfully Never Lie Try to Understand Their Point of View Respect Each Other Communicate Give Details That Can Help Parents to Understand Your Situation mOmMmoOmD Task2 Read the text below. For questions (6—10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. For hundreds of years China produced the only teas known to the western world, Tea came in two basic types: Green and Black. Black tea is oxidised whereas green tea is unoxidised. Each type of tea, whether black or green, was available in a number of different quantities, qualities and from a varied number of growing regions within China. Teas were given anglicised Chinese names for consumption in Europe and America. Some of the teas carried by ships like «Cutty Sark» are still readily avail able today. Lapsang Souchong, literally «small plant from Lapu Mountains, is renowned for its tarry taste, acquired through drying over pine wood fires. A legend states that this black tea acquired its unique taste by accident, It’s said that the Chinese army camped in a tea factory that was full of drying leaves which had to be moved to accommodate the soldiers. When the soldiers left, the leaves needed to be dried quickly, so the workers lit open fires of pine wood to speed up the drying. The tea reached the market on time and a new flavour had been created. The real reason this black tea originally acquired its smoky flavour is due to the 17"-century preservation methods used by Chinese tea producers when they began to export their teas to Europe and America. Their traditional green teas did not travel as well and quickly lost quality during the 15—18-month journey across land and sea. By the time +Cutty Sark» was sailing, this jour- ney time had been cut to 6 months. The producers developed a method of rolling, oxidising and drying their teas so that they would hold their quality for longer. Once the teas had been. oxidised, they were spread on bamboo baskets which were placed on racks in the drying room. This was built over ovens that allowed the heat to rise up through vents in the ceiling and into the drying room above. To fire the ovens, the tea manufacturers used the local pine wood from the forests that surrounded (and still surround) the factories, and as the wood slowly burned, it gave off a certain amount of smoke that was absorbed by the drying tea and gave it a lightly smoked, sappy, pine character. The factories that made those lightly smoked black teas in Fujian prov- ince still manufacture lightly smoked Lapsangs in exactly the same way as they did 400 years ago. To get the tea safely to Europe in as fresh condition as possible, it was packed into softwood chests which were lined inside with lead foil and cov- ered on the outside with bamboo or rush matting for protection. ‘The tea chests were constructed in a variety of sizes and occasionally ir- regular shapes to enable the cargo to conform to the finely curved hulls of theYanan 133 tea clippers. The chests were separated at each layer by wooden battens known ‘as dunnage to give rigidity to the stowage of cargo and also to allow the air to circulate. The Tween Deck and the lower hold of «Cutty Sark» would have been packed solidly with such tea chests. 6 10 According to the text, which of the following statements is true? All the tea from China was carried to England by the ship «Cutty Sark». Lapsang Souchong is the name of a tea producer. Both black tea and green tea are combined chemically with oxygen. The black tea Lapsang Souchong acquired its smoky flavour by chance. voup Asa legend says, the solders of the Chinese army A lit open fires of pine wood to speed up the tea leaves drying. B_ moved the raw tea leaves aside in order to accommodate themselves for anight. € brought the tea to the market on time. D created a new tea flavour. ‘The new technique of producing tea with a unique smoky flavour was developed : A inorder to make the tea tastier. B asa result of creating a new preservation method. because the new tea lost its quality during the 15—18-month journey. D by European producers. ‘What can we say from the text about the method of producing tea with the unique smoked taste? A The tea was dried on bamboo baskets and after that oxidized. B The drying room was located next to the ovens. C The tea manufacturers used bamboo wood in order to fire the ovens. D The drying tea got its lightly smoked taste from the pine wood used to fire the ovens. Which of the following can be inferred from the text? A The method of making those lightly smoked black teas in Fujian province hasn’t changed for 40 years already. B While being transported to Europe, the tea was packed into bamboo chests. € The tea chests were of the same size and shape. D Dunnage was the wooden battens which separated the tea chests. Task 3 Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to(11—15). There are three choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. ‘The Events Which Separate Us from EURO 2012 During the preparation for the tournament seven more significant events are scheduled by the UEFA to take place before the start of the European Football Championship. BCD a5 Lif134 PIBEH: CEPEAHIA ABCDEFGH (i) (12) (13) (4) (15) The Enlistment of the Volunteers The Volunteers’ campaign started in June and was finished in late Sep- tember, 2011. For this very moment, UEFA’s official website received more than 12 thousand applications from 110 countries worldwide. So now potential volunteers apply for the job and pass the interviews. Therefore, only 5,000 people will help to host the championship. «EURO 2012 Friends» Campaign Another event that took place in September was summing up the «EURO 2012 Friends» campaign. Ukraine and Poland should approve the final list of the Championship friends; each host country will have 100 of them. The Ukrainian party has already defined the majority and among them you can see famous sportsmen (e.g. Klitschko brothers, Serhiy Bubka, Valeriy Borzov), politicians, and celebrities. «They are not only friends with football but I consider them close peo- ples, said the UEFA President, Michel Platini. «I know that nobody re- fused to become the part of the football celebration who has received the invitation to partake in the programme. Together we will organize an unforgettable event!» he added. December 2 Nevertheless, the most important and significant event definitely will be the draws for EURO 2012. The official ceremony will take place in Kyiv's palace «Ukrainas on 2 December, 2011. Also this day, the promo-campaign of the EURO 2012, host countries and cities willstart, Moreover, the official ball of the EURO 2012 is to be presented on 2 December. A Tour of the EURO 2012 Trophy ‘The following event will take place in 2012. So, between March and May, UEFA plan to make tour of the EURO 2012 trophy that the winner will get. The tour includes the road show with Henri Delaunay Cup through the host cities, presentation of the special video on the tournament his- tory and the show of the big balloon made in the form of a cup. The Presentation of the Official Song In March, 2012, the presentation of the official song of the European football tournament is to take place. This event will be the final one be- fore the start of the EURO 2012. On 8 June, 2012, the Warsaw Stadium will host the opening ceremony of EURO 2012. The final will take place at the Olympic Stadium in Kyiv on 1 July, 2012. Due to this event A Ukraine and Poland have acquired 100 of Championship friends each. B three important events will take place. C the spectators will gather at the Olympic Stadium in Kyiv in June, 2012. ¢ D aroad show, a video presentation and a balloon show are planned. E the presentation of UEFA's anthem is observed. F famous sportsmen, politicians, and celebrities are invited. G_ UEFA has employed thousands of young people who will help to host the championship. H everybody can be sure that the EURO 2012 will begin just after it.wanuant 1 135 Task 4 Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each space (16—21), There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. With thousands of English Language Studying Programmes (16) : students often havea difficult time identifying the ideal programme for them. So, in order to make the right choice, students should consider a number of factors. First, find a programme that will help you to reach your goals, whether they are for business, entrance toa university, or pleasure. Look over the pro- gramme's website and see if you can find a statement which should reveal the programme's own goals. Ask for a copy of a class syllabus to see (17) Talk to current or former students to see what their experiences were like. Second, look into the teachers’ qualifications to see not only (18) ; but also what experiences they have had working with international students. Do the teachers have experience working overseas? Do they speak another language? If so, they might have a better understanding of the education- ‘al backgrounds of their students. Third, ask about the student composition of the programme. How many nationalities are represented in the classes? Abroad mix of students will give you a variety of opportunities to speak Eng- lish and learn about other foreign cultures. However, even if there are stu- dents (19) , you can still have a very positive experience, especially if the teacher encourages the use of English in class. On the other hand, don’t choose a programme solely based on classroom composition. Remember that you will only be in class a few hours a day, so you'll actually have more time outside of class (20) , 80 THAT is your real classroom. Then, compare the prices of programmes in the area you want to live. Just remember that price is not the best indicator of a programme's quality, though keep in mind that better and more experienced instructors are often paid more, and thus, the tuition reflects this. Also, the school might pro- vide good computer, recreational, and educational facilities (21) to a good learning atmosphere, and thus, this can be added to your tuition cost. ‘Thus, as the experience shows, you get what you pay for. how long they have been teaching that can contribute what will be studied in the class to interact with people in the community high standards of excellence caused by the poor preparation who speak your language spread out around the world RO Mn oOOnD Use of English Task 5 Read the text below. For questions (22—33) choose the correct answer (A, B, Cor D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. iPhone That Talks Back Now even your phone can talk back. Matt Legend Gemmell, a (22) designer from Edinburgh, got anew Apple Inc. iPhone on Friday and asked it: «Who's your daddy?+EH: CEPEBIIR «You ares, the phone answered, in the (23)__of an authoritative man. The real science of artificial intelligence is finally catching up to sci- ence (24) . HAL 9000, the scary computer that could respond from the movie «2001: A Space Odyssey», has come to life, in the form of Siri, a (25) personal assistant that comes with Apple’s iPhone i, which arrived in stores in October, 2011, The phone takes verbal commands and questions, and (26) with computer-generated speech. Real humans are responding to this amazing (27). by asking their iPhones ridiculous questions. ‘The good news is Siri has a sense of humour. Micah Gantman, the director of mobile business at software firm HasOf fers.com in Seattle, asked his (28) +How much wood would a wood chuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?» It answered: «Depends i you're talking about African or European woods. Nicky Kelly, a 40-year-old from Suffolk, UK, asked her iPhone: «Tell a jokes. It answered: «Two iPhones walk into a bar... I forget the rest». ‘When a blogger Joshua Topolsky asked Siri about the meaning of lif it said: «I can’t answer that now, but give me some time to write a very lor play in which nothing happens». A lot of work went into so much (29). sarcasm. The (30) of Siri put «deep thoughts into the personality of thei software, says Norman Winarsky, a co-founder of the company that we bought by Apple for $200 million in 2010. Siri was born out of an artifici intelligence project at SRI International, a research institute. An Apple spokeswoman declined to answer questions about (31) Siri works. (32) uses different voices in each of its available markets: female in the US, Australia and Germany, and male in the ‘UK and France. However, we know that Siri has two distinct systems at its heart. One listens and (33) ‘what customers are saying, the other interprets the meaning behind the request and responds. A 2B c D 22 | software footwear | silverware | _chinaware 23 | saying vote voice | _speech 24 | discovery computer fiction | based 25 | theoretical unreal actual virtual 26 | responds inquires asks | demands 27 | invitation | invention invasio1 envision 28 | iPhone staff personnel | employees 29 false imitation natural artificial 30 users consumers | creators clients a why [what how when | 2 He She It They 33 | answers translates copies reloadswaniant 4 Task 6 Read the text below. For questions (34—45) choose the correct answer (A,B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. ‘The Hurricane Was a Nightmare Kevin Parfait from Martinique tells about a disaster experience: +This story (34)_____about seven years ago. At that time I was only eleven years old, butimages of that week are still (35)__if itall happened yesterday. During that week, we had to face (38). to the most powerful hurri- cane Martinique (37)__. The fact that I was little increased the effects of such an experience. I can still hear the noise of the wind (38) on the taped windows that were shaking. Outside, everything was flying or mov- ing... trees, papers, plastics. But the nightmare was not that phase when we were just afraid without (39) other possibilities. The real one was after it hit. In fact, the hurricane (40) _____ the island only once, but three times, causing more and more damage at each crossing. During the entire week following that event, we (41) of the house. All the roads (42) water or phones. Under those conditions, (43) part was having no contact with the rest of my family living around the island. The feeling of presuming thedeath to go out cut off, and we did not have running of your close friends and relatives was hard to endure. We (44) like that for one horrible week before everything (45) For me, those seven days were a real nightmares. A B c D [34 | take place. ‘took place._| have taken place | had taken place 35 asclear as soclear both clear and rather clear 36 in on. for. up 37. ever see ever saw have ever seen had ever seen_ 38 blow toblow blowing blew 39 no any every some 40_| donotcross | didnot cross | had not crossed _| was not crossed 41 can’t could not. were not able had not able 42 are were have been had been 43 the hardest hardest. the most hard harder. 44 lived have lived has lived had lived 45. | fixed was fixed were fixed ‘been fixed © writing 46 Use the plan below to write a for-and-against essay (at least 100 words) about advantages and disadvantages of social networking. PLAN Introduction Para 1; state the topic. Main body Para 2: define points for social networking. Para 3: define points against social networking. Conelusion Para 4: sum up the advantages and disadvantages of social networking. 137138 PIBeMD: CEPEAWIA VARIANT 2 @ Reading Task 1 Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don’t need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Peacekeeping Wherever there is conflict in the world and enemies have agreed to let a third party or neutral force come in to try and maintain the peace, it is usu- ally the familiar blue helmets of the United Nations that we see on the scene. (ype ‘The actual definition of peacekeeping is a bit unclear and it was never written into the original UN Charter, but it goes something like eusing mili- tary personnel from different countries under the command of the UN to con- trol and resolve armed conflicts either between or within states». Peacekeep- ing is neither just finding out the facts nor full-scale military intervention, but something in between. Over the last ten years it has become clear that for peacekeeping to work certain things must already be in place — the conflicts must actually have fin- ished and there must be a genuine desire for peace on both sides. The peace- keeping force must have clear international support and a mandate that shows it is strictly neutral; and it needs adequate resources to do the job. ror There have been 56 UN peacekeeping operations in total since 1948, al- ‘though over 30 of those have happened since 1990. ‘Two of these operations have in fact never stopped since 1948: the inter- ventions in the Arab/Israeli conflict following the foundation of the state of Israel, and in the dispute between Pakistan and India over the Kashmir region. Another that has been going on for over forty years is on the divided is- land of Cyprus, where peace has been maintained between Greek and Turkish Cypriots since March, 1964. FT age There are different types of intervention, some more discrete than others: Observation /monitoring only, for example of Cuban troops leaving An- gola or of the Iran-Iraq ceasefire in 1991. Assisting a country to independence, for example in Namibia 1978— 1989. Armed intervention, for example in the Suez Canal region 1956—1967 to keep Egypt and Israel apart and supervise the withdrawal of troops from the UK, France and Israel.ananr 2 (4). ‘They are professional soldiers, civilian police and military observers from any member country of the UN. These countries also provide supplies, trans- portation, telecommunications, and administrative help, amongst other things. (5) Somalia was the first big failure for UN intervention in 1992. In Srebreni- ca in 1994, a Dutch force under UN command failed to prevent a massacre of the local population, and in Rwanda in the same year there was full-scale genocide of nearly a million people, despite a peacekeeping force of 5,000. Four UN missions to Angola failed to stop civil war breaking out again and again. It seems only if there is a real will to turn away from war, can peacekeepers be effective. The attack on the UN headquarters in Baghdad in 2003 has also called into question the respect for being impartial which the organization thought it had. Nevertheless, most people agree that the world still needs some kind of neutral body, backed by force if necessary, for helping former enemies make the transition from war to peace. Who Are the Peacekeepers? Some Success Stories What Is It? Who Pays? Are All UN Peacekeeping Missions Similar? ‘The Future How Long Has It Been Going on? Didn’t Peacekeepirig Get a Bad Name in the 1990s? mOUmMoDOuD Task 2 Read the text below. For questions (6—10) choose the correct answer (A, B, Cor D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. 10 Greenhill Street Liverpool, CT 95135 May 4,2008 Customer Service Sports Goods, LLC 72 Rose Terrace Road Gateshead, WA 65435 Dear Sirs, Tordered a new pair of soccer boots (item #1948543) from your website on 15 April. I received the order on 21 April. Unfortunately, when T opened it I saw that the boots had been used. The boots had dirt all over them and there was a small tear in front of the part where the right toe would go. My order number is AF26168156. To resolve the problem, I would like you to return the sum of money which Ipaid for my boots — that’s £56. In fact, I don’t want you to send me another pair as I have already gone out and bought new boots at my local sporting ABCDEFGHPinen: CEPEANIA goods store, so sending another pair would result in having two pairs of the same boots. ‘Thank you for taking the time to read this letter. I have been a satisfied customer of your company for many years and this is the first time I have encountered a problem. If you need to contact me, you can reach me at (045) 28643986. ‘Sincerely yours, Julian Peters 6 The reason for writing this letter is. A toorder a pair of soccer boots. B tocomplain about the order. € todemand the replacement of the order. D to inquire about details of the service. 7 According to the text, the customer made the order of his soccer boots A atan Internet shop. B at the local supermarket. € ataTV shop. D nowhere — he didn’t order them. 8 The customer was unsatisfied with the order because A. he didn’t like the colour of the boots. B the price of the boots appeared to be too high. C the order was delayed for a week. D the boots sent by the company were not new. 9 What was wrong with the boots delivered to the customer? ‘A. They were of the wrong size. B They were dirty and torn. © The wrong model was delivered. D The customer expected to receive two pairs, not one, 10 What does the customer suggest doing in order to resolve the problem with the order? A. He wants a new pair of boots. B He wants his money back. € He expects to get some extra money for the inconveniences. D He wants two pairs of soccer boots. Task 3 Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11—15). There are three choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. (11) G'Vanni’s Located in the heart of the North End, G'Vanni's has been pleasing visi- tors and locals for many years. The cosy yet extremely colourful dining room is a perfect location for a romantic dinner or friendly meeting.variant 2 (12) (13) (14) (15) 141 ‘The extensive menu includes such appetizer favourites as Butterflied Shrimp with organic tomato and Clams Oreganata with butter and crumbs. Salads include Pomodoro, a classic Italian tomato and fresh mozzarella and Antipasto Freddo with veggies, Italian cold cuts, cheese, tuna, and sardines. The rest of the menu includes Kobe Beef Meatballs, pasta, chicken, veal, pizza, fresh vegetables, and of course the freshest seafood available. The Bay Voyage The Bay Voyage boasts one of the city’s best restaurants and catering facilities with its superb cuisine, perfect service, and breathtaking views. Leisure abounds in the award-winning dining room, which is the best choice for a Sunday meal. Live jazz and blues. La Strega La Strega is the place to see or to be seen. It offers the perfect balance between luxury and friendly comfort. Come to feel the atmosphere of a real Italian experience, and maybe watch one of your favourite movies. Enjoy. One Bellevue Itisa totally vegetarian restaurant specializing in international cuisine that features fresh local food with mostly organic ingredients. The restaurant is broken into several separate levels and areas that make for a comfortable and more intimate atmosphere than you might expect from the building’s exterior. There’s plenty of warm wood and white table linens that give the place a sophisticated feel. Chris Steak House Chris Steak House serves only the finest corn-fed Midwestern beef avail- able. Our steaks are served sizzling, so every bite is hot and delicious. ‘And while steak is king of the dishes, the menu also includes expertly executed seafood, lamb, pork, and poultry dishes, as well as classic appetizers, fresh salads, side dishes, and home-made desserts. The award-winning wine list features more than 250 world-class interna- tional and domestic labels. Many premium wines are also available by the glass. Lunch is served Monday through Friday and dinner is served nightly, reservations are suggested and private dining may be arranged. To ex- perience fine dining at its prime, just follow the sizzle to Chris Steak House. In this restaurant /café ‘A you can book a table beforehand. B the special course is pie-and-mash. © there's a wide choice of desserts. D_youcan take the opportunity of film watching. E you can enjoy live music. F there's the perfect environment for a romantic dinner. G there are first-class vegetarian dishes. H business meetings are usually held.142 ABCDEFGH Task 4 Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each space (16—21). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. ‘The New Seven Wonders ‘The results of a worldwide vote to choose the New Seven Wonders of the World have been announced (16) ____.. In contrast to the wonders of the ancient world, the new list emerged from an exercise in which tens of millions of votes were cast by people around the world. This is a report from Alison Roberts «The seven wonders chosen in a global poll in which a hundred-million votes were said to have been cast online, by phone and by text message were announced one by one (17) ___ order towards the end of a glitzy ce- remony in Lisbon. First came the Great Wall of China, said to be the only monument vis- ible from space. Its certificate was handed over to Chinese officials by Neil Armstrong, the first man (18) . Next up was Petra, the stone-carved ancient city in Jordan, whose royal family led a campaign for it. Rio de Ja~ neiro’s Statue of Christ the Redeemer also made the cut after an appeal by Brazil's president for his compatriots to vote. There were two other winners from America — Machu Picchu in Peru and Chichen Itza in Mexico — repre- sentatives of ancient civilisations unknown to Antipater of Sidon, the Greek writer who drew up the original list of wonders two thousand two hundred years ago. The last two wonders were Rome’s Colosseum, described in its in- troduction (19) , and the Taj Mahal. That was announced by Bolly- wood star Bipasha Basu who, along with Oscar-winning actors Ben Kingsley and Hilary Swank (20) E The Pyramids at Giza, the only wonder on the original list still standing, had been made an honorary candidate, guaranteed a mention. But Egyptian officials shunned the whole initiative anyway as too commercial. At the ce- remony’s close, its Swiss organizer, Bernard Weber, (21) —aglobal poll on the seven natural wonders of the world». on the Moon ata ceremony in Lisbon announced his next initiative in random just attract the best as a symbol of joy and suffering completely honoured presented the ceremony monmoomD ™@ Use of English Task 5 Read the text below. For questions (22—33) choose the correct answer (A,B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer shi Freshers’ Week ‘The UK has a well-respected (22)__ education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to it all, it can be overwhelming and sometimes confusing.vanianr 2 October is usually the busiest month in the academic calendar. Universities have something called Freshers’ Week for their (23) . It’'sa great oppor tunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life. (24) , having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect of meeting lots of strangers in big halls can be nerve- wracking. Where do you start? Who should you make friends with? Which clubs should you (25)__? Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you worry- ing about starting their university (26) life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Don’t rush into (27) that you'll regret for the next three years. Here are some top tips from past students on how to survive Freshers’ Week: —Dlend in. Make (28)__ you are aware of British social etiquette. Have some Cola and snacks handy for your housemates and friends: —be(29)___~_. Sometimes cups of tea or even (30)__of toast can give you a head start in making friends; — be sociable. The more active you are, the more (31) you'll be to meet new people than if you're someone who never leaves one’s room; —Dring a doorstop. Keep your door open whien you're (32)_ and that sends positive messages to your neighbours that you are (33) : So with a bit of clever planning and motivation, Freshers’ Week can give you a great start to your university life and soon you'll be passing on your wisdom to next year’s new recruits. A B Cc D 2 high higher highest highnesa 23 | graduates lecturers newcomers | undergraduates 24 Thus However As well as Tn order to 25 join unite connect bond 26 society socialism socially social 27 | __something nothing anything everything [28 assure sure surely unsure [29 | hospitable distant unsociable pleasure 30 loafs bars slices packs 31 like liking likely unlike 32 at in out outside 33 reserved shy friendly cold Task6 Read the text below. For questions (34—45) choose the correct answer (A, B, Cor D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. ‘The Stonecutter Once upon a time there was a stonecutter. The stonecutter lived in a land where a life of privilege meant (34) powerful. Looking (85)___his life he decided that he was unsatisfied with the way things were and so he set out to become the most powerful man in the land. Looking around his land he (26) ______ to himself what it was to be powerful. Looking up he saw the Sun shining down on all the land. «The Sun144 IBEN: CEPEANIA must be the most powerful thing that there is, for it (37) down on all things, and all things grow from its touch» . So he (38) the Sun. Days later, as he shone his power down on the inhabitants of the land, there came a cloud which passed beneath him obstructing his brilliance. (39) , he realized that the Sun was not the most powerful thing in the land, if a simple cloud could interrupt his greatness. So he became a cloud, in fact, he became the most powerful storm that the world (40)__. And so he blew his rain and lightning, and resounded with thunder all over the land, (41) that he was the most powerful. Until one day he came (42) aboulder. Down and down he poured and his thunder roared, lightning flashed and filled the sky, striking the ground near the boulder. His winds blew and blew and blew, and yet, despite all his efforts, he (43) not budge the boulder. Frustrated again, he realized that the storm was not the most powerful thing in the land, rather it must be the boulder. So he became the boulder. For days he (44)__, unmovable, and impassive, demonstrating his power, until one day, a stonecutter came and chiselled him to bits. The moral of the story is: sometimes the most important thing to remem- ber is that you already have everything you (45)__, right inside of you. Power is an illusion. A B c D 34 be tobe being | ‘been 35 at in for up 36 [wonder wondered wondering | _had wondered a7 shines shining shone shine 38 | become became has become | had become 30 |" Frustrated | Frustrating Frustrate Frustrates 40 | eversaw | hadever seeing | wasever seen | had ever seen 41 | demonstrate | todemonstrate | demonstrating | demonstrated 42 across over under on 3 can cans could couldn't 4 | issitting aresitting | weresitting | wassitting | 45 can need ought should © Writing 46 Write a letter introducing yourself and your family to your pen friend, using the plan below: PLAN Introduction Para 1: greeting; your full name, age, what you look like, where you live. Main body Para 2, 3: your family: names, ages, jobs, what they look like. Para 4: ask your friend to write back; closing remarks; your signature. Write a letter of at least 100 words. Do not write any dates or addresses.Manu a VARIANT 3. © Reading Task 1 Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don't need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. It’s hardly surprising that weather is a favourite topic for so many people around the world — it affects where we choose to live, what we wear, our moods, and perhaps even our national characteristics. A sunny day can relieve the deepest depression, while extreme weather can destroy homes and threaten lives. (2) Palm trees bent double in hurricane force winds, cars stranded in snow drifts, people navigating small boats down flooded city streets — images we are all familiar with from news reports of severe weather spells. But many of the consequences of the weather are less newsworthy. «I’m feeling a bit under the weather» is a common complaint in Britain, especially on Monday mornings, and it seems that weather really can be re- sponsible for moods. Studies have shown that changeable weather can make it hard to concentrate, cloudy skies slow down reflexes, and high humidity with hot, dry winds makes many people irritable and snappy. 3) Ifyou live in a place like Britain, where the weather seems to change daily if not hourly, you could be forgiven for thinking that the weather is random. In fact the weather is controlled by systems which move around areas of the globe. In the UK the weather depends on depressions, often called «lowse, and anticyclones, also known as ‘highs’. These systems start in the Atlantic Ocean, and make their way across the British Isles from the west to the east. Highs bring sunny weather, while lows bring rain and wind. ‘The weather systems in tropical climates are very different from those in mid and high latitudes. Tropical storms develop from depressions, and often build into cyclones, violent storms featuring hurricanes and torrential rain. 4). The human race has always tried to guess the weather, especially in areas of the world where there are frequent changes. Two popular traditional ways of forecasting the weather used pine cones and seaweed. When the air has high level of humidity there is a higher chance of rain, when the humidity is low, there is more chance of fine weather. Pine cones and seaweed react to changes in humidity — pine cones open, and seaweed feels dry when the hu- midity is low, while high humidity brings the opposite effect.146. PIBERD: CEPEANIM While folk wisdom can still provide a guide to help forecast weather, to- day’s methods of prediction increasingly rely on technology. Satellites, bal- loons, ships, aircraft and weather centres with sensitive monitoring equip- ment send data to computers. The data is then processed, and the weather predicted. However, even this system cannot predict weather for longer than about a week. (5) Although people in Britain often moan about the weather, we should spare a thought for the inhabitants of parts of the world where dangerous weather regularly wreaks havoc on the environment and population. Sandstorms, tor- nadoes, blizzards and flashfloods regularly kill thousands of people and leave many others homeless. While most of us try to avoid extreme weather, some adventurous souls actively seek out places where extreme weather conditions exist. Sports such. as surfing, kiteboarding, ice-climbing and white-water rafting are becoming. increasingly popular with people seeking relief from the monotony of daily routine. Extreme sports are about exhilaration, skill and danger, and often. harness the weather to provide adrenaline addicts with their kic Even more extraordinary are storm-chasers — weather enthusiasts who risk their lives following tornadoes and thunderstorms at high speed to wit- ness the damage they cause at close hand. Extreme Weather Why We Like to Discuss It What Causes Weather Variations? Weather and Character Influence of Human Activity ‘Study of Weather Patterns Can We Predict the Weather? ‘The Effects of Weather monmoouD Task 2 Read the text below. For questions (6—10) choose the correct answer (A, B,C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Friends considered Michael Redford to be a rather boring person. How- ever, Michael thought he was quite interesting. After all, he collected coins. What could be more interesting than coins? It was true that he didn’t have any other hobbies or interests, but that didn't matter for Michael. And what is more, he had a very interesting job. Everybody else said that his job was boring. But he was a bank manager! Michael thought his job was fascinating. Everyday, he went to his office, switched on his computer and spent seven. and a half hours looking at spreadsheets, and moving numbers around on. them. What could be more interesting than that? ‘Well, Michael was unhappy because people thought he was uninteresting. He tried to talk to people about his coin collection, but they mostly didn’t, share his interests. . Thus Michael thought about how to make himself more interesting. He decided that he needed to be famous for something. He thought about his coin collection, and decided that perhaps his coin collection could make him fa-wanuant 3 447 mous. Perhaps he had the biggest coin collection in the world, or perhaps he had some very valuable coins. Yes, this was it, he decided. He wrote a letter to a local newspaper, and asked them if they wanted to come and write an article about a local man with the biggest coin collection in the world. The local newspaper wrote a letter back to Michael telling him that actually the Governor of Maine had the biggest coin collection in the world. Michael was very sad to learn this, but wrote back to the newspaper telling them that he thought he had the most valuable coin in the world. The news- paper wrote back to him telling him that the most valuable coin in the world cost 5,000,000 dollars, and asking him if he was sure that he had it. Michael wasn’t sure that he had it. In fact, he was sure that he didn’t have it. Perhaps his whole collection was very valuable though... Is it worth 10 million dollars? » asked the man from the newspaper on the telephone when Michael called him. «Erm, no, I don’t think so... ‘+Forget it then», said the man from the newspaper. ‘Michael thought about other things to make himself famous. Perhaps he could be the best bank manager in the country! Yes, this was it, he decided. He told a friend that he was the best accountant in the world. «How do you know?» asked his friend. «Welle, thought Michael, eI have a good job, I like it... it’s very interest- ing... spreadsheets... numbers... taxes... finance...» He saw his friend going to sleep. «Hmmme, he thought. «Perhaps I’m not the best or the most interesting accountant in the world». «Listen, Michael», said his friend when he woke up again. «Perhaps you don't have the biggest or the most valuable coin collection in the world. Per- haps you aren't the best or the most interesting bank manager in the world. But there is one thing — Michael, you are probably the most boring man in the worlds. Yes! Of course! This was it. Michael could be famous because he was the most boring man in the world. Now he saw that his friends were right. He phoned the newspaper again. «Hello!» he said. « Would you like to do an interview with the most boring man in the world?» «The most boring man in the world...?» said the journalist. «Now that’s interesting!» Next, week there was a big article in the newspaper. «The Most Boring Man in the World!+ There was a picture of Michael in his office. There was, a picture of Michael with his coin collection. There was an interview with Micheel, and interviews with his friends, His friends said they went to sleep when Michael talked about his job or his coin collection. ‘The next day the BBC and CNN called Michael. They wanted stories about the most boring man in the world. «The most boring man in the world!» they said. «That's so interesting!+ And so, finally, Michael Redford became the official Most Boring Man in the World. You won't find his name in the Guinness Book of Records, because they said that it was impossible to decide exactly how boring somebody is, but it was no problem for Michael. Now he was famous, now he was so boring that he was interesting.it é ABCD ABCD ae ABCD 6 The text tells about | A Michael Redford’s job. B Michael Redford’s collection. € Michael Redford’s way to popularity. D the Guinness Book of Records. } 7 Michael Redford collected A coins. | B stamps. © postcards: | D newspapers. 8 According to the text, the most valuable coin in the world costs : A 5 thousand dollars. B 500,000 dollars. C 5million dollars. D 1 million dollars. 9 The title of the article about Michael Redford was A 150 Ime: CEPEAWIR ABCDEFGH Task 4 Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each space (16—21). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Boxing Day Boxing Day is the following day after (16) It is on 26 December. Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. Why is 26 December called Boxing Day in England? Traditionally, this was the day to open the Christmas boxes to share the contents (17) (the Christmas box was a wooden or clay container where people placed gifts). The tradition of giving money to workers (18) . It is custom- ary for householders to give small gifts or monetary tips to regular visiting tradespeople (the milkman, dustman, coalman, paper boy, etc.) and, in some workplaces, for employers to give a Christmas bonus to employees. Schools across the country gather together gifts to be put in Christmas boxes (19) Traditionally, Boxing Day is the day (20) - Itis a day of watching sports and playing board games with the family. Many families will go for walks in the countryside together this day. Shops are generally closed on Boxing Day. However, in recent times some shops have broken from the tradition and started opening on Boxing Day (21) . Hundreds of people now spend Boxing Day morning in queues outside shops, waiting to be the first to dive for the sales racks as the doors are opened. still continues today with the poor are traditionally high Christmas Day that are sent to poorer countries to start the New Year sales when families get together amended the inscription mOMMOOn © Use of English Task 5 Read the text below. For questions (22—33) choose the correct answer (A,B, Cor D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. It has become a tradition to start (22) of some country from its capital. London is an ancient city with rich cultural achievements. Such sights: as the Tower, the Houses of (23) , Westminster, Trafalgar Square and Piccadilly Circus are well known in the world. (24) __ the capital of the country there are many other places and regions which are worth speaking about and seeing. One of them is the most beautiful part of Great Britain — Wales, which is famous for its mountains and valleys. It’s an ideal place for (25) your vacations. Wales has often been called the Land of Songs. One of the Welsh traditions (26) __ festivals. The Welsh sing their songs, wear their traditional clothes in their capital Cardiff as (27) a8