London
London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and cultural centre. It is one of the largest
cities in the world. Its population is more than 11 000 000 people. London is situated on the river
Thames.
The city is very old and beautiful. It was founded more than two thousand years ago. Traditionally
London is divided into several parts: the City, the Westminster, the West End and the East End.
The City is the oldest part of London, its financial and business centre. The Westminster is the
aristocratic official part of London. It includes Buckingham Palace, where the Queen lives, and the
Houses of Parliament.
The West End is the most beautiful part of London. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs, parks
and houses are situated there.
The East End is an industrial district of London. There are many factories and the Port of London there.
London has many places of interest. One of them is the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British
Government. There one can see the famous Tower Clock Big Ben, the symbol of London. Big Ben is the
real bell which strikes every quarter of an hour. Another place of interest is Buckingham Palace. It’s the
residence of the Queen. There are many other places of interest in London: Trafalgar Square, Regent’s
Park, Westminster Abbey and, of course, the British Museum. It’s impossible to describe all places of
interest.
The best way to know London is to visit it.
Washington
Washington, the capital of the USA, was founded in 1791. The city was named after the first president
George Washington. The population of the city is nearly three million people.
The Capitol is the centre of the city. It was built according to the plans of William Thornton, who was
an amateur architect. It is situated on Capitol Hill.
The White House is the place where the president of the USA lives and works. This house was first
occupied in 1800 by John Adams, who was the first president to live in that house. The White House
has 132 rooms.
Washington has many sights, for example, the Library of Congress, the Lincoln memorial, the Tomb of
the Unknown Soldier and others.
The National Gallery of Arts contains art collections by the great masters of the 14th to 18th centuries.
The Library of Congress contains millions of books and manuscripts.
Outside the city the Arlington National Cemetery is situated. John Kennedy was buried there. The
famous Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is also situated there.
The industry of the city is not well developed. But Washington is a large scientific and cultural centre.
Many research and designing institutes are concentrated here. There are five universities in the city and
the National Academy of Sciences.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Norther Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. They lie to the
north-west of Europe. The British Isles are separated from the continent by the narrow strait of water
which is called the English Channel.
The United Kingdom consists of four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. England,
the central part, occupies the most of the island of Great Britain. To the north lies Scotland and to the
west the third part of the country, Wales, is situated. The fourth part is called Northern Ireland and is
located on the second island. Each part has its capital. The capital of England is London, Wales has
Cardiff, Scotland has Edinburgh and the main city of Northern Ireland is Belfast.
Great Britain is a country of forests and plains. There are no high mountains in this country. Scotland is
the most mountainous region with the highest peak, Ben Nevis. The rivers of Great Britain are not long.
The longest rivers are the Thames and the Severn. The capital of the United Kingdom, London, stands
on the banks of the Thames. As the country is surrounded by many seas there are some great ports at
the seaside: London, Glasgow, Plymouth and others.
Wales is a country of lakes.
Seas and oceans influence the British climate which is not too cold in winter but never hot in summer.
Great Britain is a beautiful country with old traditions and good people.
The United States of America
The United States of America is one of the greatest countries in the world.
It is situated on the North American continent and is washed by three oceans: the Pacific, the Atlantic
and the Arctic.
The USA borders only on two countries — Canada and Mexico.
This great country has a lot of mountains, rivers, lakes. The main mountains are the Appalachians and
the Cordilleras. The longest rivers are the Mississippi and the Missouri.
The climate of the country is varied. In the southern part it is subtropical while the northern part has
very cold weather in winter.
America has fifty states and one federal District of Columbia where the capital of the country is
situated.
The capital of the USA is Washington. It stands on the Potomac river in the eastern part of the country.
The main cities are located on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. New-York is the largest city of the
country. Other large cities are San-Francisco, Los-Angeles, Detroit, Chicago, Phoenix and Dallas.
The USA is a country of highly developed industry and agriculture. The main industrial centres are
Chicago and Detroit, with their greatest automobile company “General Motors”. There are many farms
with various agricultural products. Grain, fruit and vegetables are grown on numerous fields especially
in the South.
The USA is a country with great holidays, customs and traditions. It is one of the most beautiful and
interesting countries in the world.
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