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Social Sciences
Grade 4

Extension and Remediation

Worksheet Book

http://schools.pearson.co.za

MA S K E W MI LL E R L O N G M AN

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 Geography Topic 1: Target Worksheet A

1. What is a settlement? (1)

2. Match each word below to the correct photograph. Write the
number of the photograph next to the word.
a. village b. town c. city (3)
1 2 3

3. Copy the table below. Put the following jobs or tasks in the correct
column: doctor, tractor driver, waiter, pick mealies, fix computers,
keep goats. (6)

Jobs on a farm Jobs in a city

4. Match each word below to the photographs. Write the number of

the photograph next to the word.
a. sheep shed b. train station c. hospital d. tractor shed
(4)
1 2

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 3 4

5. Which two buildings in question 4 are on farms? (2)

6. Give two differences between the roads in a big city and the roads
in a small village. (2 × 2 = 4)
7. What are landmarks? (3)
8. Say whether each of the following are natural or human-made landmarks:
a. river b. bridge c. mountain
d. tree e. church f. school (6)
9. Look at the picture below. Then complete the directions by filling in
the missing words.
New Road

Hay Road

Main Street
Elias’s
house
church

Long Street

Themba’s
house

a. Tell Themba how to get from his house to Elias’s house.

Turn ________ into Long Street. Then turn ________ into ________
Road. Elias’s house is on the ________ on the corner of ________
Road and ________Street. (6 × ½ = 3)

b. Tell Elias how to get from his house to the church.

Turn ________ into Main Street. Turn ________ when you get to
________Road. The church is on your ________ on the corner of
________ Street and ________ Road. (6 × ½ = 3)

10. Make a list of the five things people need to stay alive. (5)
(40 marks)

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 Geography Topic 1: Target Worksheet B

1. Put these settlements in order from the smallest to the biggest:

town, city, village. (3)
2. Complete the table to show the differences between a large city and
a small village.
a. In the first column you must give three examples of the types of
jobs in each settlement. (6)
b. In the second column you must write about the size and number
of buildings, and give two examples of the types of buildings
in each settlement. (6)
c. In the third column you must write down two things about the
roads in each settlement. (4)
Jobs Buildings Roads

City
Village

3. Some buildings are found only in big cities. Some are found in
villages too. Which of these buildings can be found in both a village
and a city: airport, school, shop, large factory, house, flats, clinic,
offices? (4)
4. Look at the list of buildings below. Put each building in the correct
column in the table. Buildings: bank, cow shed, hairdresser, tractor
shed, shopping mall, animal feed storage room. (6)

Farm buildings Town buildings

5. Match the columns. (3)

It is used by goats and people to get from the village
tar road
to the dam
A small road in the village from the clinic to the shop footpath

A busy road in a town gravel or dirt road

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 6. Look at the picture below and complete the activity.
a. Write down four landmarks Nhlanhla passes on her way from
her house to the shop. Say whether each one is human-made
or natural. (4 × 2 = 8)
b. Explain to Nhlanhla how to get from the shop to the library.
Remember to use street names. (5)

hospital
tree
Nhlanhla’s
house

bridge Mbeki Road traffic lights

First Avenue
Second Avenue

church
shop

Madiba Road traffic lights

park
library

7. Complete the following sentences to show how you meet your

needs in your home.
We get our water from ________, and our food from ________.
We live in a ________ which is our shelter from the cold, sun, wind,
and rain. When we are sick we ________. We use ________ to cook
our food. (5)

(50 marks)

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 Geography Topic 2: Target Worksheet A

1. Draw a plan view of your desk or table. (2)

2. Which of the pictures below could we call a map? Why? (2)
A B

3. What are symbols? (2)

4. Look at the key on the following page and copy the symbol for each
of the following:
a. church
b. post office
c. police station (3)
5. Name the road where you will find:
a. the clinic
b. the train station
c. a bridge (3)
6. Complete the key on the map. Fill in your own symbols for:
a. a playground
b. a cinema
c. a mealie field
d. a petrol station (4)

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 7. Choose a good place for each of the symbols in your key, and draw
the symbol on the map. (7)

8. Look at the grid. Say what you will find in the following blocks:
a. C5 b. B3 c. D5 (3)

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 9. Look at the picture. Say what direction each of the following is from Mandy:
a. the house b. the tap c. the tree (3)

10. Write Eastern Cape, Limpopo, Northern Cape and Free State in the
correct place on the map. Colour each province a different colour.
Label the two oceans. Colour the oceans in blue. (6)

11. Label the following continents and colour each one a different
colour: Africa, South America and Asia. (3)
12. Label the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. (2)

(40 marks)

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 Geography Topic 2: Target Worksheet B

1. Draw a side view and a plan view of your bed. (4)

2. Look at the key and the map on the following page. Fill in the
information below on your map. Use the symbols in the key to help you.
a. There is a bridge where Main Road crosses the river. Draw in
the bridge. (1)
b. The road leading from Isakabula Road to Main Road is called
Driehoek Road. Fill it in. (1)
c. There is a boathouse where Isakabula Road meets the river.
Fill in the symbol. (1)
3. Look at the map on the following page. Say what you will find in
the following blocks:
a. A2 b. B4 c. D6 (3)
4. Look at the map on the following page. Fill in the following
information on the map. Use the key to help you.
a. On the farm, the land south of the vegetable garden is the
mealie field.
b. There are three shops on the north side of Main Road between
Isakabula Road and School Road.
c. There are houses south of Main Road between Isakabula Road
and Driehoek Road.
d. There is a school at the end of School Road on the north side of
the river.
e. There is a church north of Main Road and west of Isakabula
Road. It is on the corner. (10)
5. Say whether these statements are true or false.
a. The largest province is the Northern Cape.
b. The smallest province is Limpopo.
c. Ladysmith is in the Free State.
d. The Indian Ocean is on our east coast.
e. Mozambique lies to the west of Mpumalanga. (10)
6. These statements are all false. Change the underlined word/s in
each statement to make them true.
a. The Earth is flat.
b. Europe is to the east of Asia.
c. The smallest continent is South America.
d. The Pacific Ocean lies between Africa and South America.
e. The continent that lies the furthest south is Australasia. (10)

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 1 2 3 4 5 6 KEY

OAD N farmhouse
END R
W E vegetable garden
A

D
OA
S mealie field

LR
farm boundary

SCHOO
shop
ISAKABULA ROAD

B
R
IV school
MAIN
RO E
AD R church
C house
MAIN ROAD
trees
picnic spot
D post office
petrol station

(40 marks)

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 Geography Topic 3: Target Worksheet A

1. What is a food collector? (2)

2. Name two places where you can get fruit from. (2)
3. Choose the correct word/s from the list below to complete each sentence.
Words: subsistence farmers, commercial farmers, cash crops,
livestock, money
a. ____________ farm as a business to make ____________.
b. ____________ farm to feed themselves.
c. Animals kept by farmers are called ____________.
d. ____________ are crops that people grow to sell. (5)
4. Fill in the missing information to complete the table.
Give one example of this Give one province where this
type of fruit fruit grows

Tropical fruit

Deciduous fruit

Citrus fruit

(6)
5. a. Name four products we get from ostriches. (4)
b. Name two types of meat we get from sheep. (2)
c. What product do we get from pigs other than meat? (1)
6. Use the map on the next page to complete the table.
Two types of livestock A type of fruit that A crop that is
Province
farmed here is grown here grown here

Western Cape

Limpopo

KwaZulu-Natal

(12)

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 7. Look at the pictures below.

1 2 3 4

a. For each picture write down whether the food shown is

processed or unprocessed. (4)
b. Write down one processed food that we get from each of the
following: sunflowers, wheat, maize and potatoes. (4)
8. Choose the correct words to complete each sentence. Words:
combine harvester, bakery, flour, plough, yeast, sandwich, wheat, mill.
a. Before planting, the farmer will ____________ the fields.
b. The ____________ is harvested by a machine called a ____________.
c. At the ______ the wheat is ground into ____________.
d. The flour is taken to a ____________ and made into dough.
e. At the bakery the flour is mixed with water and ____________.
f. Two slices of bread with a filling is called a ____________. (8)
(50 marks)

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 Geography Topic 3: Target Worksheet B

1. Read the sentences below and then answer the questions.

Siya lives in a small village next to the sea, far away from any shops.
Bertie lives in a small flat in a big city.
a. Where do you think Siya gets his meat, fruit and vegetables from?
b. Where do you think Bertie gets his meat, fruit and vegetables from? (2)
2. Look at the photographs below and answer the questions.

1 2 3

a. What foods can the people get from their livestock? (3)
b. Say what type of farming is shown in each photograph. (3)
3. Write down two ways that commercial farming differs from
subsistence farming. (2)
4. Look at the photographs below.
a. Name the crop in each photograph and give a province in which
it is grown. (6)
b. Why do you think these crops grow in these provinces? (1)

1 2 3

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 5. a. Name four products we get from ostriches. (4)
b. Name four products we get from pigs. (4)
6. Use the map below to help you to answer these questions.
a. Fruit and vegetables are grown close to cities. Why do you think
this is so? (2)
b. Why do you think deciduous fruits are not grown in Gauteng? (2)
c. Which very dry province has many sheep farms? (1)
d. Which two provinces grow sugar cane? Why do you think it is
grown in these provinces? (4)
e. Why do you think the Western Cape is the main grape growing
province? (2)

7. Look at the photographs below. For each processed food say what
crop it comes from. (3)

1 2 3

8. Put the following sentences in the correct order.

The flour goes to a bakery where dough is made and bread is baked.
Special machines plant the wheat seeds.
A combine harvester harvests the wheat grain.
The wheat plants grow and start to flower.
We buy bread from the shop and make sandwiches.
The wheat is taken to a factory and ground into flour. (6)
(45 marks)

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 Geography Topic 4: Target Worksheet A

1. Write down ten ways that we use water at home. (10)

2. Write down three ways we can have fun using water. (3)
3. Write down two ways farmers can use water. (2)
4. Explain how salt water is changed into fresh water. (2)
5. How did the San store water? (1)
6. How do farmers store water? (1)
7. Fill in the missing words.
Some water soaks into the ground. People can use this water. A
________ is a hole in the ground. People use ________ to get water
from a well. A ________ is usually much deeper than a well. People
use ________ machines to make boreholes, and they use ________ to
get the water out. (5)

8. Put these sentences in the right order to show how rain water gets to a tap.
A water treatment centre cleans the dam water to make it safe to drink.
These pipes go to places where people live.
The clean water is stored in a water reservoir.
The rain water collects in a dam.
These pipes connect to taps. When we turn on the tap we can get water.
Special pumps push the water from the reservoirs through pipes. (6)
9. Fill in words to complete the mind map showing how water is polluted.

___________
Toilet waste
from cleaning
containing harmful
substances used
__________.
in homes.

Water pollution
Farmers use ______ Rain washes
and __________ to spray _______ in the air into the
crops. This reaches rivers soil, rivers and dams.
and dams.

__________ water
from factories flows into
rivers and dams.
(6)

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 10. Fill in the missing words.
________ is dirty water that comes from settlements. It goes through
pipes to the sewage ________ works. Here it passes through layers
of sand called ________. These trap the tiny pieces of ________
material. (4)

(40 marks)

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 Geography Topic 4: Target Worksheet B

1. Although most of the Earth is covered in water, we do not have

enough water. Why is this? (3)
2. Write down five ways that we can save water. (5)
3. Think of five ways water is used other than in your home. (5)
4. Why is rain not salty? (3)
5. Match the columns. Find the words in the second column that give
the meaning of the word in the first column. (5)
evaporation A. the gas that water turns into when heated
wetlands B. water that seeps into the ground
water vapour C. a large area of fresh water
lake D. places near rivers that are wet and have reeds
and grasses
underground water E. the process that changes salt water into fresh water

6. Write down the ways that people in South Africa get water. Write
this from the most used way to the least used way. (5)
7. Draw a simple mind map to show these five ways of getting water. (5)
8. What are the two ways that people use to get underground water? (2)
9. Think of three ways that water can be polluted other than the ways
given in your textbook. (3)
10. Draw a simple flowchart to show how dirty water from settlements
is recycled. You must have four boxes in your flowchart. Make sure
they are in the correct order. (4)
(40 marks)

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 History Topic 1: Target Worksheet A

1. Match the word in Column A with the correct definition in Column B.

Column A Column B
a. objects 1. talking to someone and asking questions to find out
information
b. interview 2. to put on show for people to see
c. labels 3. to study and to try to understand something
d. investigate 4. things that are put in museums so that people can learn
from them
e. display 5. written descriptions of things in museums to help
people understand

(5)
2. List four ways in which you can find out information about your
local area. (4)
3. Write down what you would use from each of the four ways if you
were finding out about your local area. (4)
4. What is a museum? (2)
5. Give one example of an object that you would expect to find in
each of the following museums:
a. transport museum (1)
b. natural history museum (1)
6. Write a good label for each of the items that you have written down
for the:
a. transport museum (1)
b. natural history museum (1)
7. Why are museums important? (1)

(20 marks)

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 History Topic 1: Target Worksheet B

1. Fill in the following table. Give one advantage and one

disadvantage of each of the main ways of finding information.
Advantages Disadvantages
Pictures, photographs
Writing
Stories and interviews
Objects
(8)
2. Is one way of finding information always better than other ways? (2)
3. When interviewing someone, should the interviewer only ask the
questions that she has written down, or should the interviewer be
ready to ask other questions? Give a reason for your answer. (2)
4. What did you learn about interviewing someone when you
interviewed someone who lives in your area? What will you do
differently next time you interview someone? (3)
5. What is the purpose of a museum? (2)
6. Give three examples of museums that are specialist museums, in other
words, museums that show only objects related to a particular subject. (3)
7. What are the advantages of having a specialist museum, instead of
a general museum? (2)
8. Why is it important for objects in a museum to have good labels? (2)
9. Imagine that you are in charge of a museum that specialises in
technology. One of the items on display is an old-fashioned telephone.
a. Write a bad label that would not help visitors understand the object. (1)
b. Write a good label that would help visitors understand the object. (2)
10. Choose one item from modern living (today) that you think will be
a suitable object to put in a museum in the future. (1)
11. Explain your choice by writing about:
a. how that object is used today (2)
b. what that object’s use will tell future visitors to the museum
about how we lived today (2)
c. the importance of the object in showing how society was
changing (what came before this object?) (2)
d. write a good label to describe the object you have chosen. (2)
12. The city committee that decides how to spend the city’s money is
planning to stop spending money on museums. Write a letter to the
committee explaining to them what the city would lose if all its museums
had to close because there was not enough money to run them. (4)
(40 marks)
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 History Topic 2: Target Worksheet A

1. State whether the following statements are true or false.

a. A good leader always has lots of money.
b. A good leader always has a loud voice.
c. A good leader respects other people.
d. A good leader is fair.
e. A good leader learns from his or her own mistakes. (5)
2. Explain the meaning of these words.
a. apartheid
b. Freedom Charter
c. privilege
d. human rights
e. Satyagraha (5 × 3 = 15)
3. Give two examples of how black and white South Africans were
kept apart from one another when Mandela was a young man. (2)
4. In what province was Mandela born? (1)
5. What course did Mandela study at university? (1)
6. Explain what Mandela meant when he said ‘A good leader stays at
the back’. (2)
7. Why was Mandela arrested and imprisoned? (1)
8. Where was Mandela imprisoned for most of the time he spent
in prison? (1)
9. How many years did Mandela spend in prison? (1)
10. To what position in government was Mandela elected in 1994? (1)
11. Where was Gandhi born? (1)
12. Before he became a political leader, what job did Gandhi have? (1)
13. What does the monument to Gandhi in Pietermaritzburg
commemorate? (3)
14. The Great March that Gandhi led was between which two
provinces? (2)
15. Gandhi earned the title Mahatma. What does it mean? (1)
16. What did Gandhi do to earn the title of Mahatma? (1)
17. In what way did Gandhi influence the struggle for freedom in
South Africa? (1)
(40 marks)

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 History Topic 2: Target Worksheet B

1. Explain what the following words mean.

a. character
b. respect
c. political prisoner
d. oppression
e. non-violence (5 × 2 = 10)
2. In what way were Mandela and Gandhi different as leaders? (2)
3. Give two ways in which Mandela and Gandhi were similar as leaders. (2)
4. Write a paragraph called ‘The Most Important Qualities of a Leader’.
Your paragraph should include the five aspects of leadership that
you consider the most important. (6)
5. What lesson did Mandela learn from his father? (1)
6. What lesson did Mandela learn from how the chief ran meetings
when he was young? (1)
7. What was the name of the document that Mandela and other
members of the African National Congress drew up that demanded
rights for all South Africans? (1)
8. How many years did Mandela spend in jail? (1)
9. Where is the jail that he spent most of that time? (1)

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 10. Who is the woman on Mandela’s left in the photograph? (1)
11. Both main people in the photograph are showing clenched fists to
the crowd. Why? (2)
12. If you could put a speech bubble over the woman in the
photograph, what would she be saying? (2)
13. Why did Gandhi come to South Africa? (1)
14. Where did most Indian immigrants work in Gandhi’s time? (1)
15. What religion did Gandhi practise? (1)
16. In what town is this statue located? (1)

17. Why is the statue in that town? (2)

18. The statue shows Gandhi as he was in a later stage of his life in
India, and not as he was when he was in South Africa. How can we
tell this? (2)
19. What is the meaning of the open-handed gesture that Gandhi is
giving with his right hand? (2)

(40 marks)

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 History Topic 3: Target Worksheet A

1. Early wheels were _____(a)_____ disks with a _____(b)_____ in the

middle. (2)
Coaches were pulled by _____(c)_____ which wore _____(d)_____ that
were controlled by _____(e)_____ held by the driver. (3)
George Stephenson’s first engine ran on _____(f)_____ power. (1)
His first locomotive was called _____(g)_____ and it travelled on
_____(h)_____. (2)
Trams run on _____(i)_____ and are powered by_____(j)_____. (2)
Rafts and canoes are powered by _____(k)_____ using _____(l)_____. (2)
Triangular-sailed boats that can turn quickly are called
_____(m)_____. (1)
Junks are boats from _____(n)_____ while dhows are used by
_____(o)_____. (2)
2. Arrange these items in the correct chronological order (from the
earliest to the most recent):
a. Model T Ford motor car
b. Speed train
c. Ox cart
d. Locomotive
e. Container ship (5)
3. Place these sentences in the correct order.
The Wright brothers did three flights powered by an engine.
The Wright brothers learnt to fly gliders.
Orville Wright set up a camera to capture the first engine-powered flight.
The first aeroplane powered by an engine flew on 17 December 1903.
The Wright brothers designed and built an engine to be carried on
an aeroplane. (5)
4. Explain how a shaft or axle works to make wheels turn on a cart. (2)
5. What was the most important form of transport on land before the
invention of the steam engine? (1)
6. Why was the steam engine an improvement? (1)
7. How were the first motor cars powered? (1)
8. Special engines were then developed so that motor cars could run
on what? (1)

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 9. How are motor cars powered today? (1)
10. Why are sailing ships said to be ‘environmentally friendly’? (1)
11. Explain how hot air balloons are powered. (2)
12. For each of the following older types of transport, list one
advantage and one disadvantage:
a. horse-drawn cart
b. reed boat
c. hot air balloon (3 × 2 = 6)
13. Give a detailed description of what a container ship does. (4)
14. Give the history of the hot air balloon and explain why they are not
used anymore for transporting large numbers of people. (5)
(50 marks)

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 History Topic 3: Target Worksheet B

1. State the power source for each of the following types of transport.
a. bicycle b. canoe c. cart
d. tram e. hot air balloon f. dhow
g. modern aeroplane h. clipper i. Rocket
j. modern motor car (10)
2 Write down one important thing that changed because of the
invention of the following things:
a. wheel b. steam engine c. locomotive
d. motor car e. steam ship f. aeroplane (6)
3. Which of the inventions listed above are the two most important in
the history of transport? Give reasons for your answer. (2 × 3 = 6)
4. Rank the following methods of transport from the best to the worst
for the environment.
a. petrol-driven motor car
b. horse-powered cart
c. bicycle
d. container ship
e. sailing vessel (5)
5. List five transport-related things that a big city can do to improve
the quality of its air. (5)

1 2 3

6. What are the differences between these motor cars? (3)

7. The first of the cars shown here was made in 1909, the second in
the middle of the 20th century and the third in recent times. Write a
paragraph about what a car will look like in the year 2050. Use your
imagination about how this car will be powered, what it will carry,
where it will go and what it will be able to do. (5)
(40 marks)

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 History Topic 4: Target Worksheet A

1. South Africa’s national motto is taken from the _____(a)_____

language. (1)
Three ways of communicating using words are _____(b)_____,
_____(c)_____ and _____(d)_____. (3)
We can also use our _____(e)_____ to communicate. (1)
Something that stands for something else is a _____(f)_____. (1)
_____(g)_____, who is credited with inventing the radio, was
awarded the _____(h)_____ Prize. (2)
Telegraph code came to be named after its inventor, _____(i)_____.
_____(j)_____ cameras do not need film. (2)
2. Why are the following people famous in the world of communication?
a. Samuel Morse
b. Alexander Graham Bell
c. George Eastman
d. Bill Gates
e. Martin Cooper (5 × 2 = 10)
3. Why was a radio called a ‘wireless’ in the past? (1)
4. What is a stamp? (1)
5. What is a QWERTY keyboard? (2)
6. Explain how dots and dashes make up Morse code. (2)
7. What is the difference between cameras using film and digital
cameras? (2)
8. What is the Internet? (2)
9. Write a paragraph about how the San people communicated
without using language. (5)
10. Write a paragraph about how the postal system developed, and
what has mostly replaced it today. (5)
(40 marks)

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 History Topic 4: Target Worksheet B

1. List three ways of communicating with words. (3)

2. List three ways of communicating without using words. (3)
3. Why was Marconi awarded the Nobel Prize and in what category
was the prize given? (2)
4. Who has to know the code in order to understand Morse code? (2)
5. Give one word for each of the following descriptions.
a. A set of symbols that only selected people know
b. When words are changed from one language into another
c. The set of keys on a typewriter or computer
d. Science put to everyday use
e. A message or signal communicated by radio or television
f. A piece of paper that shows that postage on an item of mail has
been paid
g. Another word for radio
h. What strings do when sound waves travel along them
i. The company founded by Bill Gates
j. Technology that allows photographs to be viewed without
printing them out (10)
6. Write a paragraph in which you show the progression of sending
messages from the telegraph to the older types of telephone to the
cell phone. Show the disadvantages of the older technology and
state the advantages of the newer technology. (5)
7. Compare the typewriter with the personal computer. What do they
have in common? How are they different? (5)
8. List three examples of communications technologies that have
become smaller in size over the years. (3)
9. Why do you think this is the case? (2)
10. Which of the communications inventions that you have studied is
the most important? Give reasons for your answer. (5)
(40 marks)

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 Target Worksheet Answers

Geography Topic 1: Target Worksheet A

1. A settlement is a place where people live. (1)
2. a. 2 b. 3 c. 1 (3)
3.
Jobs on a farm Jobs in a city
tractor driver doctor
pick mealies fix computers
keep goats waiter
(6)
4. a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 d. 4 (4)
5. sheep shed and tractor shed (2)
6. Learners give any two differences:
Big city roads; small village roads
Tar roads; dirt roads
Busy roads; quiet roads
Have pavements; no pavements
Have traffic lights; no traffic lights (2 × 2 = 4)
7. Landmarks are things that stand out in an area. (3)
8. a. river – natural b. bridge – human-made
c. mountain – natural d. tree – natural
e. church – human-made f. school – human-made (6)
9. a. Turn left into Long Street. Then turn right into New Road. Elias’s house is
on the right on the corner of New Road and Main Street. (6 × ½ = 3)
b. Turn right into Main Street. Turn right when you get to Hay Road.
The church is on your left on the corner of Long Street and Hay Road. (6 × ½ = 3)
10. water, food, shelter, health care, energy (5)
(40 marks)

Geography Topic 1: Target Worksheet B

1. village, town, city (3)
2. Answers may vary. Accept any valid points.

Jobs (6) Buildings (size, how many, and Roads (4)

examples for each) (6)
City Lawyer, banker, Large buildings, high rise Tarred, traffic lights,
security guard, nurse, buildings, many buildings, offices, busy, wide (many
teacher, office worker, flats, large shopping centres, lanes), pavements,
accountant, etc. airports, bus and taxi ranks, etc. etc.
Village Teacher, farm Small buildings, not many Gravel or dirt,
workers, farmer, shop buildings, no high rises, no big narrow, no traffic
worker, etc. shopping centres, no airports or lights, etc.
large transport ranks, etc.
(16)

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 3. school, shop, house, clinic (4)
4.
Farm buildings Town buildings
cow shed bank
tractor shed hairdresser
animal feed storage room shopping mall
(6)
5.
It is used by goats and people to get from the village to footpath
the dam
A small road in the village from the clinic to the shop gravel or dirt road
A busy road in a town tar road
(3)
6. a. Landmarks:
Hospital – human-made
Bridge – human made
Tree – natural
Church –human-made
Traffic lights – human-made (8)
b. Model answer: Turn left into First Avenue. At the traffic lights turn right into
Madiba Road. Go past the park on your left. Cross Second Avenue. The library
is on your left on the corner. (5)
7. Answers will vary. Credit all answers valid to the learner’s experience. (5)
(50 marks)

Geography Topic 2: Target Worksheet A

1. Learners answers may vary depending on their desks or tables. Give credit for learners
showing a plan view. (2)
2. B is a map because it shows the place from above (plan view). (2)
3. Symbols are simple pictures or letters that have a special meaning on a map. (2)
4. a. church b. post office c. police station (3)

5. a. Main Road b. Station Road c. Main Road (3)

6. Answers will vary. Give credit for appropriate symbols. (4)
7. Answers will vary. Give credit for appropriate placement. (7)
8. a. dam b. bridge c. footpath (3)
9. a. north b. west c. east (3)
10. Refer to the map on page 36 of the Learner’s Book. (6)
11. Refer to the map on page 41 of the Learner’s Book. (3)
12. Refer to the map on page 41 of the Learner’s Book. (2)
(40 marks)

Geography Topic 2: Target Worksheet B

1. Learners’ answers will vary, but must correctly indicate side and plan views. This answer
serves as a guide. (4)

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 2. See map below for answers. (3)

1 2 3 4 5 6 KEY
D N farmhouse
EN D R OA
W E vegetable garden
A

D
OA
S mealie field

LR
farm boundary

SCHOO
shop
ISAKABULA ROAD
B
R
IV school
MAIN
RO E
AD R church
C house
MAIN ROAD
OAD
EK R trees
IEHO
DR picnic spot
D post office
petrol station

3. a. petrol station b. picnic spot c. farmhouse (3)

4. See map below for answers. (10)

1 2 3 4 5 6 KEY

AD N farmhouse
END RO
W E vegetable garden
A
D
OA

S mealie field
LR

farm boundary
SCHOO

shop
ISAKABULA ROAD

B
R
IV school
MAIN
RO E
AD R church
C house
MAIN ROAD
ROAD
OEK trees
RIEH
D
picnic spot
D post office
petrol station

5. a. True
b. False
c. False
d. True
e. False (10)
6. a. The Earth is round.
b. Europe is to the west of Asia.
c. The smallest continent is Australasia.
d. The Atlantic Ocean lies between Africa and South America.
e. The continent that lies the furthest south is Antarctica. (10)
(40 marks)

Geography Topic 3: Target Worksheet A

1. A food collector is someone who collects and eats food that grows in the wild. (2)
2. Accept any two valid places, e.g. a fruit tree, a road stall, a supermarket, a green grocer (2)
3. Ways of farming
a. Commercial farmers farm as a business to make money.
b. Subsistence farmers farm to feed themselves.
c. Animals kept by farmers are called livestock.
d. Cash crops are crops that people grow to sell. (5)

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 4.
One example of this type of One province where this fruit grows
fruit (any one) (any one)
Tropical fruit Mangoes, bananas, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo
pineapples, avocado pears
Deciduous Grapes, apples, peaches, Western Cape, Eastern Cape,
fruit pears Northern Cape
Citrus fruit Oranges, lemons, naartjies Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape,
Eastern Cape, Western Cape
(6)
5. a. feathers, meat, eggs, leather (4)
b. mutton, lamb (2)
c. leather (1)
6.
Province Two types of livestock A type of fruit that is A crop that is grown
farmed here (any 2 = 6) grown here (any 1 = 3) here (any 1 = 3)
Western Cape ostriches, sheep citrus, deciduous wheat, vegetables
Limpopo cattle, goats citrus, tropical maize
KwaZulu-Natal cattle, goats tropical sugar cane, maize,
vegetables
(12)
7. a. 1 – processed, 2 – processed, 3 – unprocessed, 4 – processed (4)
b. Answers may vary. These answers serve as a guide. sunflowers – oil; wheat – flour,
bread, cake, pasta; maize – flour; potatoes – chips, crisps (4)
8. a. Before planting, the farmer will plough the fields.
b. The wheat is harvested by a machine called a combine harvester.
c. At the mill the wheat is ground into flour.
d. The flour is taken to a bakery and made into dough.
e. At the bakery the flour is mixed with water and yeast.
f. Two slices of bread with a filling is called a sandwich. (8)
(50 marks)

Geography Topic 3: Target Worksheet B

1. a. Siya will get fish from the sea and will grow his own fruit and vegetables.
b. Bertie will get all his food from shops. (2)
2. a. meat, milk, eggs (3)
b. photograph 1: subsistence farming
photograph 2: commercial
photograph 3: subsistence farming (3)
3. Commercial farms are bigger. They use machinery. They grow only one crop. They sell
what they grow. (Accept any two of the above answers.) (2)
4. a. 1 – grapes, Western Cape
2 – sunflowers, Free State
3 – sugar cane, KwaZulu-Natal/Mpumalanga (6)
b. The climate (accept weather) is right in these provinces for the crop to grow. (1)
5. a. meat, feathers, eggs, leather (4)
b. bacon, polony, sausages, ham (4)
6. a. They need to be close to the markets because they can rot quickly. (2)
b. It hails in Gauteng and this will damage the fruit. (2)
c. The Northern Cape (1)
d. KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga – they have a warm climate and they receive a
lot of rain (4)
e. Grapes grow best where it rains in winter. The Western Cape gets winter rain. (2)

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 7. Cereal – wheat
Sugar – sugar cane
Chips – potatoes (3)
8. Special machines plant the wheat seeds.
The wheat plants grow and start to flower.
A combine harvester harvests the wheat grain.
The wheat is taken to a factory and ground into flour.
The flour goes to a bakery where dough is made and bread is baked.
We buy bread from the shop and make sandwiches. (6)
(45 marks)

Geography Topic 4: Target Worksheet A

1. Accept any valid answers. These may include: watering the garden, washing the car,
cleaning the house, brushing teeth, showering, bathing, washing dishes, cooking food,
making tea, washing clothes. (10)
2. Accept any valid answers. These may include: fishing, swimming, boating, skiing,
playing water games, sailing, rowing. (3)
3. Irrigate crops, water for livestock (2)
4. The sun heats the sea and turns some of the water into water vapour. This is called
evaporation. The salt does not evaporate and it stays behind in the sea. (2)
5. In ostrich eggs (1)
6. In dams (1)
7. Some water soaks into the ground. People can use this water. A well is a hole in the
ground. People use buckets to get water from a well. A borehole is usually much deeper
than a well. People use drilling machines to make boreholes, and they use pumps to get
the water out. (5)
8. The rain water collects in a dam.
A water treatment centre cleans the dam water to make it safe to drink.
The clean water is stored in a water reservoir.
Special pumps push the water from the reservoirs through pipes.
These pipes go to places where people live.
These pipes connect to taps. When we turn on the tap we can get water. (6)
9.

Cleaning from Toilet waste containing

cleaning substances harmful bacteria.
used in homes.

Farmers Water pollution

use fertilisers and Rain washes chemicals
chemicals to spray crops. in the air into the soil,
This reaches rivers and rivers and dams.
dams.

Waste water from factories

flows into rivers and dams.

(6)
10. Sewage is dirty water that comes from settlements. It goes through pipes to the sewage
treatment works. Here it passes through layers of sand called filters. These trap the tiny
pieces of solid material. (4)
(40 marks)

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 Geography Topic 4: Target Worksheet B
1. Most of the water is in the oceans and is salty. We need fresh water. (3)
2. Accept any five valid ways of saving water. Possible answers may include:
Shower instead of bathing.
Use buckets to water the garden rather than a hose.
Make sure no taps are dripping.
Factories can recycle the water they use.
Switch off the tap while we brush our teeth.
Don’t put water down the drain if you can use it again.
Wash your fruits and vegetables in a pan of water instead of running water from the tap.
Use a broom instead of a hose to clean your driveway and sidewalk.
Shorten your shower by a minute or two.
Collect water from your roof to water your garden. (5)
3. Accept any five valid ways of using water. Possible answers may include:
For fun – such as boating and swimming
In mines for processes and cooling
In factories to clean and cool machines
To generate electricity
To irrigate crops on farms
For stock to drink on farms
Cities use water for fire fighting, street cleaning, and watering public areas such as parks,
grass, trees, shrubs and flowers
Water is also used to fill public drinking fountains
For transportation by boat (5)
4. When water evaporates from the sea the salt is left behind. (3)
5.
evaporation E. the process that changes salt water into fresh water
wetlands D. places near rivers that are wet and have reeds and grasses
water vapour A. the gas that water turns into when heated
lake C. a large area of fresh water
underground water B. water that seeps into the ground
(5)
6. Tap in house or yard
Public tap
River
Borehole
Water truck (5)
7. (5)
tap in
water truck
house or yard

How people
get water
borehole public tap

river

8. From a well or borehole (2)

9. Accept any three answers. Possible answers may include:
People doing their washing in rivers
People throwing their rubbish in rivers
Fisherman throwing their rubbish in the water
Large boats or cruise ships dumping rubbish in the water
Oil tankers spilling oil into the sea
Some water plants can pollute the water. (3)

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 10. (4)
Dirty water goes through sewage pipes

It arrives at a sewage treatures works

It is cleaned by passing through filters

The clean water is put back in rivers or the sea

(40 marks)

History Topic 1: Target Worksheet A

1. a. objects – things that are put in museums so that people can learn from them
b. interview – talking to someone and asking questions to find out information
c. labels – written descriptions of things in museums to help people understand
d. investigate – to study and to try to understand something
e. display – to put on show for people to see (5)
2. pictures; writing; stories or interviews; objects (4)
3. If the child is in East London examples could be: a photograph of the Dodo, which is a
famous exhibit in the local museum; a letter to the editor of the Daily Dispatch in 1976;
an interview with the child’s grandmother who grew up in East London; a shell from
East London’s beach. Accept any reasonable answers. (4)
4 A museum is a place that displays objects that help us understand the past. (2)
5. a. transport: bus, car, truck, wagon, tram, any vehicle (1)
b. natural history: fossil, stuffed bird, plants, animals, rocks, anything from nature (1)
6. Accept any good label of the item chosen above. A good label will give specific
information that helps the viewer understand how the object was used or explains the
object’s significance.
a. transport object label (1)
b. natural history object label (1)
7. It is important for people to know how people lived in the past. To promote an
understanding of the past. To stimulate interest in the past. (1)
(20 marks)

History Topic 1: Target Worksheet B

1.
Advantages Disadvantages
Pictures, photographs A photograph depicts reality; it A photograph is limited by
shows what was there. photographer’s choice of what to
show.
Writing Writing allows us to understand We are limited to one writer’s
what the person writing was opinion. Can we trust the writer?
thinking at the time, which gives
us a glimpse into history.
Stories and Stories and interviews can tell us a The person being interviewed
interviews lot about the past. might be biased or have a faulty
memory.
Objects Objects are real things that existed Without context, an object can be
in historical times. meaningless.
Any sensible answer can be accepted in each of these categories. (8)

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 2. No. Different sources will be better for obtaining different kinds of information at
different times. (2)
3. The interviewer should be ready to ask other questions. Because the interviewee might
give answers to questions that open up new areas to be investigated. (2)
4. This answer will be based on personal experience. Answers may refer to: being more
prepared, having follow-up questions ready, learning how to use a tape-recorder,
allocating more time because the interviewee wanted to talk more, other. (3)
5. To promote an understanding of the past. To stimulate interest in the past. (2)
6. Transport, natural history, war, peace, region, slavery, other (3)
7. A specialist museum can focus on specific and interesting aspects, it can tell a more
complete story of a particular thing. A general museum must cover everything. (2)
8. A good label will describe the item accurately and its uses in context and it will give
some historical context to explain why it has been chosen. (2)
9. Learners provide labels for an old-fashioned telephone
a. Bad label: will simply describe the telephone without any context or understanding
of what things are intended for. (1)
b. Good label: will explain why there are holes in front of the numbers (to dial the
number) and explain what the receiver is used for, give context. (2)
10. One item from modern living (today): learners can choose anything that is peculiar to
the present day, for example, a cell phone. (1)
11. Learners explain their choice in terms of:
a. how that object is used today (answers will depend on object)
– mobile technology allows people to make and receive telephone calls
– also other applications, Internet, social networks (2)
b. what that object tells about how we lived today (must provide context)
– people felt the need to stay in touch (cell phone)
– people were not stuck in offices, they moved around (2)
c. showing how society was changing (what came before)
– telephone used to be in one place
– you used to have to book a telephone call
– it was expensive (the cell phone became cheap) (2)
d. Learners write a good label to describe the object they have chosen.
– accept any good label that sums up the previous three answers. (2)
12. What the city would lose if it allowed its museums to close:
– future generations will be ignorant
– we will lose our heritage
– we will lose pride in our heritage
– you cannot make new inventions if you do not know how old things were made
– accept any other good arguments.
(3 good points + 1 coherent paragraph = 4) (4)
(40 marks)

History Topic 2: Target Worksheet A

1. a. false
b. false
c. true
d. true
e. true (5)
2. a. Apartheid: a system of keeping people of different races apart from each other.
Black, coloured and Indian people were restricted in where they could live and
what jobs they could have. White people were treated better than anyone else.
b. Freedom Charter: a document drawn up many years ago by members of the ANC
which stated how they wanted South Africa to be in the future, especially arguing
for equal rights for all South Africans.

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 c. Privilege: some people get benefits that others do not.
d. Human rights: basic things which every human should have. There are many places
in the world where people do not have, for example, the right to a fair trial, free
speech, protection by the law from abuse.
e. Satyagraha: a form of peaceful protest, developed by Mahatma Gandhi in South
Africa and used later in India (5 × 3 = 15)
3. Separate compartments on trains; separate areas to live in (suburbs/townships); separate
schools; blacks had to step off the pavement if whites were walking on it in certain parts
of the country (example given in Mandela’s book). Accept any other correct answers. (2)
4. Eastern Cape (1)
5. law (1)
6. Mandela meant that a good leader must listen to other people. He learnt this from a
chief when he was young. (2)
7. For fighting for his rights, protesting against apartheid. (1)
8. Robben Island (1)
9. 27 (not all on Robben Island) (1)
10. President of the Republic of South Africa (1)
11. India (1)
12. Lawyer (1)
13. The monument commemorates Gandhi being thrown off a train despite his having the
correct (first-class) ticket. The first-class compartment was for ‘whites-only’. The
injustice of this event inspired Gandhi to take an active role in fighting for justice. (3)
14. Natal and Transvaal (KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng today) (2)
15. Great Soul (1)
16. His selflessness. He gave up material possessions. He sacrificed for other people. (1)
17. His example inspired other leaders. The non-violent protest method was sometimes used
by leaders who followed him. (1)

(40 marks)

History Topic 2: Target Worksheet B

1. a. the kind of person one is; the qualities one has
b. showing that one cares about another person, his dignity and feelings
c. a prisoner who is in jail because of his or her political beliefs
d. the suffering of a group of people under an unfair political system
e. peaceful (5 × 2 = 10)
2. Mandela led the armed wing of the ANC; Gandhi was an advocate of non-violence. (2)
3. Both were jailed; both fought for justice; both were lawyers; both were highly principled.
(Accept any two of the above.) (2)
4. Learners’ paragraph must include five aspects of leadership, the most important in the
learner’s view. These could be any five of: honest; brave; fair; caring; does not lose
temper; listens; keeps promises; does what she believes is right; respects other people.
Award one mark for a well constructed paragraph. (5 × 1 + 1 = 6)
5. Always fight for what is right. (1)
6. To listen to everyone before speaking. (1)
7. Freedom Charter (1)
8. 27 (1)
9. Robben Island. (The photograph was taken outside Victor Verster prison outside Paarl.) (1)
10. Mrs Winnie Madikizela-Mandela. (The couple later divorced.) (1)
11. Clenched fists were a symbol of ‘Power to the People’. (2)
12. Speech bubble. Learners’ own opinion but something along the lines of ‘Free at last.’
‘My husband is free and the country will be free.’ ‘We will overcome.’ Accept any
relevant answer. (2)
13. To practise law (1)
14. Sugar cane fields (1)

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 15. Hinduism (1)
16. Pietermaritzburg (1)
17. Because that is where Gandhi suffered the humiliation of being thrown off a train for
being in a ‘whites-only’ compartment even though he had a ticket. This inspired him to
fight for justice. (2)
18. We can tell that the statue shows Gandhi as he was in a later stage of his life in India, and
not as he was when he was in South Africa because he is dressed in a loin-cloth and
carrying a staff. This is from the time when he gave up all his worldly possessions and lived
very simply. He would have dressed formally as a lawyer during his time in South Africa. (2)
19. The open-handed gesture signifies peace, openness, a greeting. (2)
(40 marks)

History Topic 3 Target Worksheet A

1. a. wooden b. hole c. horses
d. harnesses e. reins f. steam
g. The Rocket h. railway lines i. rail lines
j. electricity k. people l. oars
m. caravels n. China o. Arabs (15)
2. (c) ox-cart; (d) locomotive; (a) Model T Ford motor car; (e) container ship; (b) speed train (5)
3. The Wright brothers learnt to fly gliders.
The Wright brothers designed and built an engine to be carried on an aeroplane.
Orville Wright set up a camera to capture the first engine-powered flight.
The first aeroplane powered by an engine flew on 17 December 1903.
The Wright brothers did three flights powered by an engine. (5)
4. A shaft or axle is placed under the cart and is fixed to the two wheels in such a way that
the wheels can turn. When power is added (a horse pulling), the wheels turn. (2)
5. Horse (1)
6. Steam engines do not get tired like horses. (1)
7. Steam engines (1)
8. Petrol (1)
9. Petrol (also diesel and a small number electric) (1)
10. They are environmentally friendly because they do not cause pollution. They do not use
fossil fuels like petrol from oil. (1)
11. Air is heated underneath the envelope (bag) by a gas burner. The hot air rises and the
balloon rises. The wind assists in the sideways movement of the balloon. (2)
12. Give one mark for each advantage and disadvantage. Below are some suggested answers.
Accept any other reasonable answers.
a. advantage: horse-drawn cart is reliable and cheap; disadvantage: horse could get
tired, there is a limit to the weight that can be pulled.
b. advantage: reed boat is cheap to make, it is uncomplicated (it uses human strength
to move), it is very easy to move around; disadvantage: it is small, it cannot carry
loads, it is easy to tip over.
c. advantage: hot air balloon is cheap, it does not pollute the environment;
disadvantage: it is dangerous, dependent on winds and good weather. (3 × 2 = 6)
13. Containers are loaded with cargo. This can either be one type of cargo (maize for example)
or lots of different types of cargo in boxes. These containers are then transported to docks
on trucks. They are loaded by cranes onto container ships which take the containers over the
sea to a different port where the containers are unloaded for distribution. (4)
14. The hot air balloon was the first aircraft to carry humans in the air. It uses very simple
technology based on hot air rising. They were popular and used to transport people
around Europe and between Europe and America. But a major crash (before landing) of
the Hindenburg hot air balloon in 1937 was very upsetting. This made people scared to
travel in hot air balloons so they stopped being used as commercial vehicles. (They are
still used for sport and for transporting tourists for short distances.) (5)
(50 marks)

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 History Topic 3: Target Worksheet B
1. a. human b. human c. horse
d. electricity e. gas (and wind) f. wind
g. jet fuel h. wind i. steam
j. petrol (diesel and electric also) (10)
2. Award one mark for each answer. Accept any reasonable answers.
a. wheel: no longer had to rely on man or horse to carry goods, could now carry more
than a man or a horse because wheels made it easier to pull/push; people were no
longer restricted to how far or fast they could walk or ride a horse
b. steam engine: could transport much more on tracks powered by steam engine;
unlike a horse, steam engine would never get tired; could travel far longer distances
(as long as the rail lines were in place)
c. locomotive: powered trains that opened up the country to trade; bigger volumes of
freight/cargo
d. motor car: made it possible for people to travel much further than they had before,
beyond their town or village; more flexible type of transport than rail (you don’t
have to follow the tracks); also could carry goods (in trucks)
e. steam ship: allowed for large-scale trade between countries in different continents
(e.g. UK and India) to happen much quicker than before; opened up long-distance
travel to middle-classes where before only the very rich could travel
f. aeroplanes: speed of travel much faster than before; long distances; as with steam
ships, opened up relatively cheaper for larger number of people than before (6)
3. Learners’ own opinion. Three marks for each invention and well argued paragraph. (2 × 3 = 6)
4. Methods of transport from the best to the worst for the environment
e. sailing vessel
c. bicycle (e or c can be number one, but sailing vessels don’t sweat!)
b. horse-powered cart
a. petrol-driven motor car
d. container ship (a single motor car would produce less pollution than a big ship) (5)
5. Below are some suggested answers. Accept any reasonable answers.
Ban motor cars (do not build more roads, that will encourage more cars to be driven
leading to more pollution).
Ban motorists from driving alone (they must take passengers).
Allow only taxis and buses to use certain road lanes.
Encourage cycling in the city.
Allow drivers into the city based on license plate numbers (alternate days).
Build more tram/rail lines.
Offer more buses.
Encourage businesses to start outside the city. (5)
6. Car 1 is different in that it has an upright chassis. The radiator is exposed in the front.
It has spoked wheels. It has an upright windscreen. Accept any one answer.
Car 2 is different in that it is very low to the ground. It has only two doors. It is built for speed.
It is sporty. Accept any one answer.
Car 3 is different in that it is built for transporting many people. It has a sliding door. It
looks like a truck. Accept any one answer. (3)
7. Reward creativity. Categories can include: how this car will be powered, what it will
carry, where it will go and what it will be able to do. (5)
(40 marks)

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 History Topic 4: Target Worksheet A
1. a. San (1)
b. talking (1)
c. writing (1)
d. singing (1)
e. hands/bodies/clothing (1)
f. symbol (1)
g. Marconi (1)
h. Nobel (1)
i. Morse (Samuel) (1)
j. Digital (1)
2. a. Samuel Morse: invented the telegraph; Morse code is named after him.
b. Alexander Graham Bell: built on other people’s work to develop first telephone
which everyone could use.
c. George Eastman: invented the first small camera; that was easy to carry around;
called it Kodak.
d. Bill Gates: early pioneer of computers; started Microsoft Company.
e. Martin Cooper: one of the inventors of the first cell phone. (5 × 2 = 10)
3. People were surprised that messages could be broadcast without the use of wires. Radio
waves do not need wires. (1)
4. A stamp is a small piece of paper with one sticky side that is attached to a letter to show
that the person sending the letter has paid some money, depending on the size of the
letter being sent. (1)
5. A QWERTY keyboard has a particular organisation of letters, based on the most
common letters used by people writing English. (2)
6. Different combinations of dots and dashes represent different letters in the alphabet. (2)
7. To see photographs taken with cameras that use film, the film has to be developed,
whereas photographs taken with digital cameras can be looked at on a computer screen. (2)
8. The Internet is a system that allows computers and other electronic devices to be
connected with one another. (2)
9. How the San people communicated without using language:
• shell necklaces symbolised belonging
• different styles of necklaces showed different family membership
• dancing as a way of communicating with spirits
• rock art communicated messages and emotions (big animals symbolised rain)
(Award 3 marks for three facts and 2 marks for clarity.) (5)
10. How the postal system developed and what has replaced it:
Travellers and sailors left letters under rocks in the hope that sailors from another ship
would take them back to their homeland.
Special rocks became known as Postal Stones.
People pay for stamps to be put on the letter, to pay for the postage in advance.
Mail is put in post boxes, collected, sorted and sent to the destination it is supposed to
go to (anywhere in the world).
Mail has largely been replaced by email today (the internet has made this possible);
messages are typed on a computer (or other electronic device) and sent almost instantly.
(Award 3 marks for three facts and 2 marks for clarity.) (5)
(40 marks)

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 History Topic 4: Target Worksheet B
1. speaking, writing, singing (3)
2. drawing, dancing, using symbols, body language, hand signals (3)
3. his work on radio; science (2)
4. sender and receiver (2)
5. a. code
b. translation
c. keyboard
d. technology
e. broadcast
f. stamp
g. wireless
h. vibrate
i. Microsoft
j. digital (10)
6. telegraph: special machine needed on both ends; both sender and receiver had to know
the code; message then had to be translated
older telephone: revolutionary in that words could be exchanged by people; disadvantage
was that it was difficult to hear; telephone was in one fixed position
modern phone/cell phones: can be heard much more clearly; cell phone can go with you
wherever you are (if you are near a mast); more convenient; cheaper
(Award 4 marks for four facts and 1 mark for a good answer.) (5)
7. Typewriter and personal computer have the following in common: exactly the same
keyboard; both can produce letters, documents; both can be used in home by private person.
Typewriter and personal computer are different in the following ways: typewriter is also
a printer, PC needs separate printer; PC can store information, typewriter cannot; PC
can do other things (email, Internet) which typewriter can’t.
(Award 4 marks for four facts and 1 mark for a good answer.) (5)
8. radio, telephone, computer, camera (Accept any three answers.) (3)
9. The technical components inside the devices are smaller because of improved
technology, so the device itself can be smaller. (2)
10. Learners give their own opinion. Their answer must be supported by argument and good
reasoning. (5)
(40 marks)

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 Pearson Marang (Pty) Ltd
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First published in 2012

ISBN: 978 0 636 14307 4

Pack ISBN: 978 0 636 13761 5

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 CAPS

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