United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,685,047

Phillips, Sr. (45) Date of Patent: Aug. 4, 1987

54 APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING RADIO Primary Examiner-Patrick R. Salce
FREQUENCY ENERGY TO DIRECT Assistant Examiner-Jeffrey Sterrett
CURRENT Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Millen & White
76 Inventor: Raymond P. Phillips, Sr., 1200 S. 57 ABSTRACT
Frances, Terrell, Tex. 75160 Apparatus for and methods of converting radio fre
21 Appl. No.: 886,138 quency energy into direct current for generating elec
22 Filed: Jul. 16, 1986
tric power includes a dipolar antenna for receiving
radio frequency energy and a circuit connected thereto
51) Int. Cl." .............................................. H02M 7/06 for converting the radio frequency energy to direct
52 U.S. Cl. ..................................... 363/126; 307/151 current. The circuit has a positive output line connected
58) Field of Search ................. 363/125, 126; 307/151 to one pole of the antenna and a negative output line
56) References Cited connected to the other pole of the antenna. A positive
transmitting diode is in the positive output line and a
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS negative transmitting diode is in the negative output
649,621 1 1/1901 Tesla ..................................... 455/39 line. First and second bus lines and a pair of tuned cir
685,957 5/1902 Tesla ........ ... 455/619 cuits of opposite polarity couple the positive output line
3,434,678 3/1969 Brown et al. ... 307/151 and negative line to the bus line with one of the bus lines
3,445,767 5/1969 Beard .................................... 324/78 being connected to ground. Each tuned circuit includes
3,678,365 8/1972 Fremiot . 307/151 a first bridging line connecting the positive output line
3,723,891 3/1973 Whitely ............................... 307/246 to the first and second ground lines and a second bridg
3,760,257 9/1973 Fletcher et al ... 307/51
3,784,845 l/1974 Haas.................................... 307/519 ing line connecting the negative output line to the first
3,792,290 2/1974 Brocker ............................... 307/522 and second ground lines. Each bridging line has a diode
3,944,935 3/1976 Plant ............ ... 307/519 therein oriented at a polarity which is reverse with
4,079,268 3/1978 Fletcher et al. ..... ... 307/151 respect to the input diode. The bridging lines of each
4,079,325 3/1978 Mawhinney et al. ............... 307/26 tuned circuit are connected to one another by an induc
4,085,377 4/1978 Turski et al. ........................ 307/519 tance and have capacitors disposed between the diode
4, 195,237 3/1980 Meslener ............................. 307/261 and the bus lines. A direct current device is connected
4,297,557 10/1981 Tyler et al. .......... 219/10.55 B
4,360,741 11/1982 Fitzsimmons et al. ... 307/151 to the positive line of the circuit.
4,360,865 11/1982 Yasumura et al. .................. 363/126
4,393,441 8/1983 Enge ................................... 363/126 11 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure

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U.S. Patent Aug 4, 1987 4,685,047

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 4,685,047
1. 2
of the instant invention to convert the RF signals to
APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING RADIO direct current. The radio frequency signals received by
FREQUENCY ENERGY TO DIRECT CURRENT the antenna are transmitted to first and second leads,
with one lead being rectified to transmit positive volt
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 5 age and the other lead being rectified to transmit nega
1. Field of the Invention tive voltage. The positive voltage lead being connected
The instant invention relates to methods of an appara directly to a positive output line and the negative volt
tus for converting radio frequency energy to direct age lead being connected directly to a negative output
current; more particularly, the instant invention relates line. The positive output line is connected to a pair of
10 bus lines through a first pair of capacitors, while the
to methods and apparatus for converting radio fre
quency energy to direct current wherein the direct negative output line is connected to the pair of bus lines
current is of sufficient magnitude to power devices such by a second pair of capacitors. Disposed between the
as battery charges and electric motors without the use first bus line and the positive output line is a reverse
of amplification. diode of negative polarity, while disposed between the
2.Technical Considerations in Prior Art 15 negative output line and first bus line is a reverse diode
There has long been interest in technology directed of positive polarity. The positive and negative output
to transmitting electrical energy over a distance with lines are connected to one another through an induc
out utilizing conductors, such as wire conductors. De tance which is in parallel with the capacitors of the first
velopment of such a technology has enormous poten and second pair connected between the second bus line
tial. This was first recognized by Nikola Tesla who in 20 and the positive and negative output lines.
1899 constructed a 200 foot Tesla coil rated at 300 kilo In accordance with one embodiment of the invention
watts and 150 kilocycles. Tesla hoped to set up standing the afore-described circuit is duplicated for each posi
waves of electrical energy around the whole surface of tive and negative output line. In accordance with an
the earth, so that receiving antennas set at optimum other embodiment of the invention, the afore-described
points could tap the power when needed. Tesla was 25 circuitry is coupled to additional circuits identically
able to light hundreds of lamps at a distance of about 40 configured in order to increase the direct current output
kilometers with his device without utilizing electrical of the arrangement.
conductors. The scheme has generally remained a scien In accordance with a further configuration of the
tific curiosity but has provided the initial groundwork invention, the antenna utilized is a dipolar antenna of
for current developments wherein attempts are being 30 aluminum wire arranged in a "butterfly” configuration.
made to transmit power by microwaves. However, The instant invention further contemplates the
power transmitted by microwaves is envisioned in the method of utilizing the afore-described elements so as to
form of a beam of very high intensity which is focused generate direct current having sufficient power to per
from a microwave generator to a receiving antenna.
This technology is envisioned as being used for many 35 form tasks such as charging batteries, lighting lamps and
types of purposes such as transmitting microwave en powering direct current electric motors without the use
ergy collected from gigantic solar power satellites and of amplifiers.
"star wars'-type weapons systems. However, the fo BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
cused microwave beam is not suitable for many applica
tions in that the beam must be directed toward a receiv- 40 Various other objects, features and attendant advan
ing antenna and cannot be transmitted through most tages of the present invention will be more fully appre
objects, including living objects, without destroying the ciated as the same becomes better understood when
objects. considered in connection with the accompanying draw
The instant invention relies on converting energy ing, in which like reference characters designate the
from standing waves which are emitted from radio 45 same or similar parts throughout the several views, and
frequency antennas in the RF range rather than the wherein:
microwave range. Of particular interest are very low with There is shown a diagram of a circuit in accordance
frequencies which are not used in communications and the instant invention in combination with a driven
are available for transmitting power. Also of interest device and a dipolar antenna which receives radio fre
with respect to the instant invention are the low fre- 50 quency waves which are converted to DC current for
quency waves emitted by the earth due to pulsation powering the driven device.
thereof caused by its magnetic field. These low fre DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
quency standing "earth' waves can be picked up by EMBODIMENT
receivers tuned thereto.
55 Referring now to the drawing, there is shown a dipo
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION lar antenna, designated generally by the numeral 10,
It is an object of the invention to provide new and which receives radio frequency waves from an RF
improved methods of an apparatus for converting radio transmitter 11. The radio frequency waves are transmit
frequency currents to direct current for practical uses ted to a radio frequency to direct current converting
other than communications, wherein the direct current 60 circuit, designated generally by the numeral 12, through
energy converted from the radio frequency input en a coaxial cable 13 and DC current from the circuit 12 is
ergy does not require amplification. used to power an output device, designated generally
Upon further study of the specification and appended by the numeral 15, which may for example by a battery
claims, further objects and advantages of this invention charger DC motor or lighting device. The circuit 12 has
will become apparent to those skilled in the art. 65 no other power inputs other than the radio frequency
The instant invention contemplates an RF antenna energy transmitted thereto by the antenna 10 and there
for receiving radio waves. The RF antenna connected fore includes no amplifiers for amplifying the RF en
to a circuit configured in accordance with the principles ergy.
 4,685,047
3 4.
The source of radio frequencies convertible to direct negative output line 26 the output lines may be con
current by the circuit shown may include sources of nected together in order to boost the total output of the
high frequency, low frequency (LF), very low fre system.
quency (VLF) and extremely low frequency (ELF) An operative embodiment of the invention utilizes
radio waves as well as seismic vibration of the earth's 5 the following elements:
magnetic fields. Diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4-Germanium Diodes, Ar
Preferably, the dipolar antenna 10 is formed of two cher 1 N34A,Catalog #1123.
triangular loops of aluminum wire 16 and 17, one of Inductor 35-47 Milli henry R. F. Choke
which is connected to the annular conductor 18 of the Capacitors C1 and C2-0.47 Pico Farads at 200 volts
coaxial cable 13 and the other of which is connected to 10 Coaxial Cable 13-50 ohms
the center conductor 19 of the coaxial cable. The size of Dipolar Antenna 10-aluminum wire triangular loops
the bipolar antenna 10 is dependent on the particular approximately 12 inches by 18 inches.
application to which it is put. In accordance with one From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art
embodiment of the invention, the antenna 10 is approxi can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this
mately 12 inches in width and 18 inches in length. Such 15 invention, and without departing from the spirit and
an antenna is used to receive five watt energy, such as scope thereof, can make various changes and modifica
that generated by a walkie-talkie or citizen-band radio. tions of the invention to adapt it to various usages and
The annular conductor 18 of the coaxial cable 13 is conditions.
connected to a positive lead 21 of the circuit 12, while What is claimed is:
the center conductor 19 of the coaxial cable is con 20 1. Apparatus for converting radio frequency energy
nected to a negative lead 22 of the circuit. A positive into direct current for generating electric power, the
transmitting diode D1 is disposed between the lead 21 apparatus comprising:
and the remainder of the circuit 12 while a negative a dipolar input for receiving radio frequency energy;
transmitting diode D2 is disposed between the lead 21 a positive output line connected to one pole of the
to a positive output line 25 while the negative diode D2 25 dipolar input and a negative output line connected
is connected to a negative output line 26. Accordingly, to the other pole of the dipolar input;
the positive voltages with respect to ground are pro a positive transmitting input diode means in the posi
duced on output line 25 and negative voltages with tive output line and a negative transmitting input
respect to ground are produced on output line 26. diode means in the negative output line;
In order to provide a DC output of sufficient power, 30 first and second bus lines and a pair of tuned circuits
a plurality of inductance-capacitance, RF, tuned cir of opposite polarity coupling the positive output
cuits 30, each forming a positive cell, or a negative cell, line and negative output line to the bus lines, one of
are utilized for connecting the positive output line 25 the bus lines being connected to ground;
and negative output line 26 to first and second bus lines each tuned circuit including a first bridging line con
31 and 32, respectively. Bus line 32 is connected to 35 necting the positive output line to the first and
ground while bus line 32 can be connected to circuits second bus lines and a second bridging line con
similar to circuit 12. The positive output line 25 is con necting the negative output line to the first and
nected by a first bridging line 33 to the first and second second bus lines, each bridging line having a bridg
bus lines 31 and 32 while the negative output line 26 is ing diode means therein oriented at a polarity
connected by a second bridging line 34 to the first and 40 which is reverse with respect to the transmitting
second bus lines. The bridging line 33 has capacitors C1 input diode means of the respective output line; the
and C2 disposed between the positive output line 25 and bridging lines of each tuned circuit being con
the first and second bus lines 31 and 32, while the bridg nected to one another by an inductance and having
ing line 34 also has capacitors C1 and C2 dispensed capacitors disposed between the bridging diode
between the negative output line 26 and the first and 45 means thereon and the bus lines, and
second bus lines 31 and 32. Connected between the a direct current device connected to the bridging
bridging lines 33 and 34, is an inductor 35 which serves lines of the tuned circuit.
as an RF choke, while disposed between the positive 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein there are a plu
output line 25 and the capacitor C1 there is a negative rality of similarly configured tuned circuits connected
polarity diode D4 referred to herein as a bridging diode 50 between the output lines and the bus lines.
and disposed between the negative output line 26 and 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein there are a plu
capacitor C1 in line 34 there is a positive polarity diode rality of radio frequency-to-direct current conversion
D3 referred to herein as a bringing diode. As is seen of circuits connected to one another to provide a direct
the drawing, the RF tuned circuit cell 30 is repeated a current power array tuned to a specific radio frequency
plurality of times. In the specific example shown, the 55 such as a high frequency source, low frequency source,
circuit 12 has separate cells 30, 37, 38 and 39. The cells very low frequency source, extremely low frequency
30 and 38 are of opposite polarity and balance one an source, or source created by seismic vibrations of the
other while the cells 37 and 39 of opposite polarity and earth's magnetic field.
also balance one another. In order for the system to 4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the dipolar input
function, a pair of opposite polarized cells must be uti 60 is a dipolar antenna.
lized. The particular number of cells 30 and the value of 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the device con
the components thereof are determined by the configu nected to the output lines is a direct current motor.
ration of the dipolar antenna 10 and the power and 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the device con
frequency of the RF transmitter 11. nected to the output line is an illuminating device.
The radio frequency to direct current conversion 65 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the device con
circuit 12 may itself be connected to a duplicate circuit nected to the output lines is a battery charger.
via pins 41 so as to provide additional direct current 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the device con
output on lines similar to positive output line 25 and nected to the output lines is a DC-to-AC inverter.
 4,685,047
5 6
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein there are a plu 10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the dipolar
input is a dipolar antenna.
rality of radio frequency to direct current converter 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the dipolar
antenna utilizes aluminum wire arranged in pair of tri
circuits connected to one another to form an array of 5 angular loops.
circuits tuned to a particular radio frequency. 2k xk sk. k. k.

10

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25

30

35

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45

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60

65
 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
PATENT NO. : 4,685,047
DATED August 4, 1987
NVENTOR (S) : Raymond P. Phillips, Sr.
it is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent is hereby
Corrected as shown below:
On the Title Page "l. 1 Claims' should read -- 12 Claims --.
Column 4, Claim 1, Line 21:
Reads: ' into direct current for generating electric power,
p the''
Should Read: - - into direct current, the--
Column , Claim 5, Line 62:
Reads: 'nected to the output lines is a direct current motor.'
Should Read: --nected to the output lines is a direct-current motor. --
Column , Claim 8, Line 68:
Reads: 'nected to the output lines is a DC-to-AC inverter. '
Should Read: --nected to the output lines is a DC-to-AC converter. --
Please add the following new claim:
--12. The apparatus of claim 1 where in the dipolar input is a
coazia cable. --
Signed and Sealed this
Third Day of November, 1987

DONALD J. QUIGG
Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents and Tademarks
 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
PATENT NO. : 4,685,047 Page 1 of 4
DATED August 4, 1987
INVENTOR(S) : Raymond P. Phillips, Sr.
It is Certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent is hereby
Corrected as shown below:
On the Title Page, Item (57),
IN THE ABSTRACT:

Line l: Reads: "Apparatus for and methods of Converting radio fre-"

Should Read: --Apparatus for Converting radio fre- -
Line 9: "transmitting diode is in the positive Output line and al"
--transmitting diode is located in the positive output line and al"
Line l0: "negative transmitting diode is in the negative output"
--negative transmitting diode is located in the negative output
Line 24: "to the positive line of the circuit"
--to the output lines of the circuit--

COL. 1
Line 9: "the instant invention relates to methods of an appara-"
--the instant invention relates to appara- --
COL. l.
Line 8: "to methods and apparatus for converting radio fre-"
--to apparatus for converting radio fre---
COL. l.
Line 14: "as battery charges and electric motors without the use"
--as battery chargers and electric motors without the use--
 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
PATENT NO. : 4,685,047 Page 2 of 4
DATED August 4, 1987
INVENTOR (S) : Raymond P. Phillips, Sr.
It is Certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent is hereby
Corrected as shown below:

COL. l
Line 29: "tific Curiosity but has provided the initial groundwork"
--tific Curiosity, but has provided the initial groundwork--
COL. 1
Line 57: "improved methods of an apparatus for Converting radio"
w --improved apparatus for converting radio
COL. 2
Line 6: "tive Voltage. The positive voltage lead being connected"
--tive Voltage. The positive voltage lead is connected
COL. 2
Line 8: "age lead being Connected directly to a negative output"
--age lead is connected directly to a negative output
COT... 2
Line 58: "ted to a radio frequency to direct current Converting"
--ted to a radio frequency-to-direct current converting--
COL. 2
Line 62: "by the numeral l5, which may for example by a battery"
--by the numeral l5, which may for example be a battery--
 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
PATENT NO. : 4,685,047 Page 3 of 4
DATED August 4, 1987
INVENTOR(S) : Raymond P. Phillips, Sr.
It is Certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent is hereby
Corrected as shown below:

COL. 3
Line 23: "and the remainde of the circuit l2 while a negative"
--and the remainder of the circuit 12, while a negative
COL. 3
Line 25: "to a positive output line 25 while the negative diode D2"
--a positive output line 25, while the negative transmitting
diode D2
COL. 3
Line 3l: "a plurality of inductance-capacitance, RF, tuned cir-"
-a plurality of inductance-capacitance, RF-tuned cir- -
COL. 3
Line 32: "cuits 30, each forming a positive cell, Or a negative cell,"
--cuits 30, each forming either a positive cell Or a negative
cell, --
COT... 3
Line 50: "polarity diode D4 referred to herein as a bridging diode"
--polarity diode D4, referred to herein as a bridging diode--
COL. 3
Line 53: "D3 referred to herein as a bringing diode. As is seen of"
--D3, referred to herein as a bridging diode. As is seen Of
COL. 3
Line 58: "other while the cells 37 and 39 of opposite polarity and"
--other, while the cells 37 and 39 of opposite polarity
 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
PATENT NO. : 4,685,047 Page 4 of 4
DATED : August 4, 1987
INVENTOR(S) : Raymond P. Phillips, Sr.
it is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent is hereby
Corrected as shown below:

COT... 3
Line 67: "via pins 41 so as to provide additional direct Current"
-via pin 4l so as to provide additional direct Current
COL. 4
Line l: "negative output line 26 the Output lines may be COn-"
-negative output line 26. The Output lines may be COn- - -

Claim l2, line 2: Change "coazial" to -COaxial--.

Signed and Sealed this

Eleventh Day of July, 1989

Attest:

DONALD J. QUIGG

Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks