LIFE

OF
RIZAL
FAMILY, CHILDHOOD, AND EARLY EDUCATION, HIGHER

EDUCATION AND LIFE ABROAD

José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

(1861-1896)
José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was a Filipino

nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish

colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered the national hero of

the Philippines. Jose Rizal was a Filipino polymath whose martyrdom

helped spark the revolution of the Philippines from Spanish

occupation. Read about his life, family, childhood, early education,

higher education and life abroad

Francisco Mercado, the eldest of Juan

FAMILY
The Rizals is considered one of the biggest
and Cirila Mercado's 13 children, was the

father of Jose Rizal. He was born in Binan,

Laguna, attended Manila's San Jose

families during their time. Domingo Lam-co,

College, and he passed away there.
the family’s paternal ascendant was a full-
blooded Chinese who came to the
Teodora, Jose Rizal's mother, was born

Philippines from Amoy, China in the closing

on November 14, 1827, in Santa Cruz,

years of the 17th century and married a

Manila. She was a business-minded,

Chinese half-breed by the name of Ines de

devout, and diligent woman. She was

la Rosa. The thirteen-member family of

Brijida de Quintos and Lorenzo Alonso's

Jose Rizal included his mother Teodora

second child. Teodora was of Spanish

Alonso Realonda, his father Francisco

and Japanese descent, and her father,

Mercado II, himself, nine sisters, and a

Lorenzo Alberto Alonzo, was a Spanish-

brother. The Mercado-Rizal family had also

American engineer. She went to school at
Japanese, Spanish, Malay and Negrito
Colegio de Santa Rosa. Teodora passed

blood aside from their Chinese blood.

away in 1913 in Manila.

Saturnina Mercado Rizal Hidalgo was born Lucia Rizal Herbosa was born in 1857. She

in 1818 and was the eldest sister of Jose married Mariano Herbosa and had 5

Rizal. children together.

General Paciano Mercado Rizal aka "Lolo Maria Cruz Rizal was born in 1855. She

Ciano" was the only brother of Jose Rizal. married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Binan,

He was born in 1851 and studied in Binan Laguna and together they had 5 children.
later attending school at the Colegio de
San Jose in Manila. Concepcion Rizal was born in 1862.

Concepcion did not live very long as she

Narcisa Rizal Lopez was born in 1852 and died at the age of 3 in 1865.
was the one who found the unmarked
grave of her brother, Jose in the Josefa Rizal was born in 1865. She was

abandoned Old Paco Cemetery. unmarried lived together with sister

Trinidad until death. Josefa was said to

Olympia Rizal Ubaldo was born in 1855. have suffered from epilepsy. She died in

1945.

Trinidad Rizal was born in 1868. rinidad was the one who recieved an alcohol lamp from brother

Jose, in which he secretly hid the "Last Farewell" better known as "Mi Ultimos Adios," a poem Rizal
wrote on the eve of his death in 1896.

Soledad Rizal Quintero was born in 1870 making her the youngest of the Rizal siblings. She married

Pantaleon Quintero and together they had 5 children. Soledad died in 1929.

CHILDHOOD AND EARLY EDUCATION

The childhood of Jose Rizal can be characterized by his desire
to learn, even frequenting the church nearby his home to watch
and observe people. Jose Rizal wasn't particularly physically
gifted or robust. Jose Rizal cherished his early years spent with
his family in the village of Calamba, where he was born and
raised. This lakeside hamlet served as Rizal's home during his
happiest years and served as a fitting prologue to his tragic,
Hamlet-like manhood. Calamba was dear to Rizal's heart and
soul. He recalled his favorite town in 1876, when he was 15 years He can also depict a chasing dog
old and a student at the Ateneo de Manila. He wrote the poem and a horse that is moving. Rizal's
Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo as a result (In Memory of My Town). favorite playthings were clay and
Rizal's earliest memory is of spending good times with his family wax. He created model butterflies
in the garden when he was three years old. He was a small, ill, and birds using these materials.
delicate youngster, and his parents took the utmost care of him. His exploration of nature also
For him to play in during the day, his father constructed a nipa began with this animal molding
hut in the garden. A compassionate elderly woman was hired as activity.
his aya (nurse maid) to take care of his comfort. "Pepe" or
"Pepito" to Calamba residents.
 His mother laid the groundwork for the extensive knowledge he acquired in such a short period of time his
brilliance was mirrored in the personality of young Jose Rizal. After demanding that he be taught to read
and share the lessons his older sister had learned, Jose Rizal began learning his letters at the age of three.
There was a time when Rizal was able to sketch a bird that was nearby without ever taking his pencil off
the paper until he was done. At the age of 11, Rizal enrolled at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. In courses
like philosophy, physics, chemistry, and natural history, he received top grades. At this school, he read
books, produced poetry that won awards (and even a melodrama called "Junto al Pasig"), and developed
his lifelong interests in drawing, painting, and clay modeling. In Rizal’s memoirs, he wrote about the significant
role of his mother in ‘Rizal early education”: “My mother taught me how to read and to say haltingly the
humble prayers which I raised fervently to God.”Indeed, Doña Teodora (fondly called Lolay in the Rizal
family) was the first teacher of Jose Rizal—teaching him Spanish, correcting his composed poems, and
coaching him in rhetoric. On her lap, Rizal learned the alphabet and Catholic prayers at the age of three, and
had learned to read and write at age 5. Apart from his mother, Jose Rizal also received mentoring from his
sister Saturnina and his three maternal uncles. Jose Alberto, his uncle, taught him how to paint, sketch, and
make sculptures. His love of reading was further influenced by Uncle Gregorio. For his part, Rizal's uncle
Manuel helped him hone his physical prowess in sports like wrestling.

HIGHER EDUCATION AND LIFE ABROAD

ATENEO DE MANILA(1872-1877)
Rizal entered in 1872 in Ateneo De Manila
Under Jesuit System of Education
Ateneo Municipal - a college under supervision of the Spanish Jesuits
Escuela Pia (Charity school) formerly name of Ateneo, a school for poor boys in

Manila which was established by the city government.

June 10, 1872- Rizal accompanied by Paciano went to Manila.
Father Magin Fernando was the college registar refused to admit Jose Rizal in

Ateneo.

first year in ateneo Second year in ateneo

1872-1873
1873-1874

June 1872, his first day of class in Rizal repented having neglected his studies the
the Ateneo. Rizal first heard a mass previous year simply; to regain his lost class
leadership. Rizal studied harder and he became
at the college chapel.
a "emperor".

Fr. Jose Bech, Rizal's first professor At the end of the school year, Rizal received
in the Ateneo. excellent awards grades in all subjects and a
gold medal.

third year in ateneo fourth year in ateneo

1874-1875 1875-1876
On June 16, 1875, Rizal became an
interno in the Ateneo
Rizal did not make an excellent
showing in his studies as in the Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez, one
previous year. His grades remained of his professor this time and a
excellent in all subjects but he won great educator and scholar. He
only one medal, in Latin. inspired the young Rizal to study
harder and to write poetry . On his
He failed to win the medal in part, Rizal had the highest affection
Spanish. and respect for Father Sanchez,
whom he considered his best
professor in the Ateneo.

Rizal was topped of all his

classmates in all subjects and won
five medals at the end of the school
term.

sta. isabel college

Rizal took private lessons in Santa Isabel College to be proficient in Spanish and develop his

skills in poetry writing more. But before he took up lessons, he was guided by Father

Francisco Paula de Sanchez in developing his skills in poetry.

Through his poetry he was able to finish poems about religion, education, and childhood

experiences. It also gave him the opportunity to develop more mature emotions, patriotic

sentiments and exquisite sensitivity.

 last year in ateneo extra curricular

1876-1877 activities in ateneo

His studies continued to farewell. As He was an active member in extra
a matter of fact, he excelled in all curricular activities.
subjects. An 'emperor' inside the classroom
and he was a campus leader
Rizal finished his last year of Ateneo outside.
in a blaze of glory He was an active member , later
He obtained the highest grades in all secretary of a religious society, the
subjects- philosophy, physics, 'Marian Congregation'.
biology, chemistry, languages, Rizal was also a member of the
mineralogy and etc. Academy of Spanish Literature and
Rizal graduated with Highest Honor the Academy of Natural Sciences.
He graduated on March 23, 1877 (16
yrs old.

medical studies at the university of santo tomas

(1872-1882)
After finishing the first year of a course in Philosophy and Letters (1887-1878), Rizal
transferred to the medical course.

April 1877- Rizal who was then nearly 16 yrs old, matriculated in the University of Santo
Tomas, taking the course on Philosophy and Letters.

During his first term in 1877-1878 in UST, he studied Cosmology, Metaphysics, Theodicy
and History of Philosophy.

Rizal excelled in all subjects in the surveying course in Ateneo, obtaining gold medals in
agriculture and topography.

November 25, 1881- the title was issued to Rizal for passing the final examination in the
surveying course.

RIZAL'S LIFE ABROAD

secret mission in spain SECRET DEPARTURE IN SPAIN
1882-1885
Rizal's departure in Spain was kept

Rizal concieved the secret mission,

secret to avoid detection by the

with the blessing of his brother

Spanish Authorities and the friars.
Paciano was to do the following;

“Observe keenly the life and

Even his own parents were

culture, languages and commerce

unaware of his secret mission in

and government and laws of the

Spain, as he knew they would not

European Nations in order to allow him to go.

prepare himself for the task of

liberating hispeople from Spanish

MAY 03, 1882- Rizal boarded in the

Tyranny" Spanish streamer Salvadora bound

for Singapore

RIZAL IN SINGAPORE
On May 8, 1882 during his way to

Singapore, Rizal saw a beautiful

island called "Talim Island with

Susong Dalaga"
On May 9, 1882, Rizal landed in

Singapore and registered a Hotel de

la Paz and spent two days.

During his stay, Rizal visited the

famous Botanical Garden , the

beautiful Buddhist Temple.

MADRID SPAIN

The National Hero Jose Rizal left the

country in May 1882 to pursue

further studies abroad. He enrolled

in a course in medicine at the

Universidad Central de Madrid in

Spain.

On November 3 1882, he enrolled in

the Academy of Fine Arts of San

Fernando while waiting for classes

to begin in Madrid
 RIZAL IN PARIS Rizal live five years of his life abroad

away from his loved ones. He left Rome

JULY 17, 1883 and rode the train going to Marseilles,

France on July 3, 1887. He then boarded

IN GAY PARIS 1885-1886 to Djemnah, and from Saigon he

After Rizal completing his studies he

transferred to the steamer Haiphong

travel Paris for further knowledge in

Vietnam and reached Manila on August

ophthalmology 5, 1887.

RIZAL IN HONGKONG
RIZAL IN GERMANY (1886)
Jose Rizal was in the ancient

February 3, 1888 after 6 months on

university town of Heidelberg to

the Zafiro board, Rizal left Calamda

update himself with ophthalmology.

February 8, 1888 Rizal arrived in Hong

misfortune in madrid
Kong which was then a British Colony.
rizal in japan 1890-1891
February 28, 1888 Rizal arrived in

Yokohama.
Early in August , 189, Rizal arrived in

rizal in america Madrid. Tried all legal means to seek

justice for his family and Calamba

April 28, 1888 Rizal docked in San

tenants, but no avail.

Francisco.

rizal in london
While in London, he wrote articles for

La Solidaridad

THANK

YOU!