Antibiotic Choices for Common Infections: Antibiotics Mnemonic +

How to Choose an Antibiotic

mnemo antibiotic examples gram mechanism treated for

nic name

Antibiotics Aminoglycosides

Can Cephalosporins ●

Carbapenem

Protect Penicillins ●

The Tetracyclines ●

Queen Quinolones ●

Men Macrolides ●

Servant Sulfonamides ●
& Guards Glycopeptides ●
 treated for side effects mechanism gram examples antibiotic mnemon
name ic
● UTI, endocarditis,
topical skin infection,
1. nephrotoxicity inhibit protein synthesis (30S) gram ➖ Streptomycin Aminoglycoside Antibioti
2. ototoxicity Gentamicin cs
pneumonia
● bacteremia, (10-20% of pateint ‫(בד"כ מסתיים‬
)micin-‫ב‬
● abdominal infections
‫אנטיביוטיקה רחבת טווח‬-‫(בד"כ כ‬
)‫בשילוב עם אנטיביוטיקות נוספות‬

● skin infections, urinary inhibit cell wall synthesis gram Ceftriaxone cephalosporins (5 Can
infections, respiratory beta-lactam antibiotic (the ➖/➕ Cefepine generations)
inf. structure allows it to bind PBP in the cell
wall, bacteria can’t survive)

● Lyme disease, PID,STIs inhibit protein synthesis (30S) gram Tetracycline Tetracyclines Termina
➖/➕ Doxycycline te

● ENT, skin, Urinary inhibit cell wall synthesis gram Ampicillin Penicillins Protein
infections beta-lactam antibiotic ➖/➕ Amoxicillin

● UTIs, Burns, Eye inhibits folate synthesis gram Sulfasalazine Sulfonamide Synthesi
infections ➖/➕ Sulfamethoxazol s
e

● respiratory, inhibit DNA synthesis (gyrase, gram Ciprofloxacin Fluoroquinolones For

● urinary infections topoisomerase, prevent unwind & ➖/➕ Levofloxacin
replicate)
● pneumonia, sinus. ENT, inhibit protein synthesis (50S) gram ➕ Azithromycin Macrolides Microbi
STIs Erythromycin al

● urinary, abdomen inhibit cell wall synthesis gram Meropenem Carbapenems Cells
infections ➖/➕ Ertapenem

● skin, bone, lung infections inhibit protein synthesis (50S) gram ➕ Clindamycin Lincosamide Like

● MRSA, skin, endocarditis inhibit cell wall synthesis gram ➕ Vancomycin Glycopeptide Germs

PBP - Penicillin binding proteins, PIP - Pelvic Inflamatory Disease, STIs - Sexually Transmitted Infections, ENT - Ear, Nose, Throat
 bloody + no WBC

mnemon antibiotic examples gram mechanism side effects treated for

ic name
Antibioti Aminoglycoside Streptomycin gram ➖ inhibit protein synthesis (30S) 3. nephrotoxicity ● UTI, endocarditis,
topical skin infection,
cs Gentamicin 4. ototoxicity
pneumonia
‫(בד"כ מסתיים‬ (10-20% of pateint ● bacteremia,
)micin-‫ב‬
● abdominal infections
‫אנטיביוטיקה רחבת טווח‬-‫(בד"כ כ‬
)‫בשילוב עם אנטיביוטיקות נוספות‬

Can cephalosporins (5 Ceftriaxone gram inhibit cell wall synthesis ● skin infections, urinary
generations) Cefepine ➖/➕ beta-lactam antibiotic (the infections, respiratory
structure allows it to bind PBP in the cell inf.
wall, bacteria can’t survive)

Termina Tetracyclines Tetracycline gram inhibit protein synthesis (30S) ● Lyme disease, PID,STIs
te Doxycycline ➖/➕
Protein Penicillins Ampicillin gram inhibit cell wall synthesis ● ENT, skin, Urinary
Amoxicillin ➖/➕ beta-lactam antibiotic infections
Synthesi Sulfonamide Sulfasalazine gram inhibits folate synthesis ● UTIs, Burns, Eye
s Sulfamethoxazol ➖/➕ infections
e

For Fluoroquinolones Ciprofloxacin gram inhibit DNA synthesis (gyrase, ● respiratory,

Levofloxacin ➖/➕ topoisomerase, prevent unwind & ● urinary infections
replicate)

Microbi Macrolides Azithromycin gram ➕ inhibit protein synthesis (50S) ● pneumonia, sinus. ENT,
al Erythromycin STIs

Cells Carbapenems Meropenem gram inhibit cell wall synthesis ● urinary, abdomen
Ertapenem ➖/➕ infections

Like Lincosamide Clindamycin gram ➕ inhibit protein synthesis (50S) ● skin, bone, lung infections

Germs Glycopeptide Vancomycin gram ➕ inhibit cell wall synthesis ● MRSA, skin, endocarditis

PBP - Penicillin binding proteins, PIP - Pelvic Inflamatory Disease, STIs - Sexually Transmitted Infections, ENT - Ear, Nose, Throat
 trick GLAM, end with ides (EX: Sulfonamide!!!)

Antibiotics AmiNOglycosi mycin -‫ נגמר ב‬gram ➖= NO

de

Can cephalospori Cef / Ceph -‫ מתחיל ב‬gram ➖/➕

ns

Terminate Tetracyclines Cycline -‫ נגמר ב‬gram ➖/➕

Protein Penicillins Cillin -‫נגמר ב‬ gram ➖/➕

Synthesis Sulfonamide Sulfa -‫מתחיל ב‬ gram ➖/➕

For Fluoroquinolo Floxacin -‫נגמר ב‬ gram ➖/➕

nes

Microbial Macrolides Thromycin -‫ נגמר ב‬gram ➕

Cells Carbapenems Penem -‫נגמר ב‬ gram ➖/➕

Like Lincosamide Mycin -‫נגמר ב‬ gram ➕

Germs Glycopeptide In (Mycin - a lot) -‫נגמר ב‬ gram ➕

 MALT = Protein, the rest - by
elimination

Antibiotics AmiNOglycoside inhibit protein synthesis

Can cephalosporins inhibits cell wall synthesis

Terminate Tetracyclines inhibit protein synthesis

Protein Penicillins inhibits cell wall synthesis

Synthesis SulFOnamide inhibit FOlate

For FluoroQUINolones inhibits DNA replication =

QUINtuplets

Microbial Macrolides inhibit protein synthesis

Cells Carbapenems inhibits cell wall synthesis

Like Lincosamide inhibit protein synthesis

Germs Glycopeptide inhibits cell wall synthesis

mnemonic antibiotic name examples gram mechanism treated for
mnemonic antibiotic name examples gram mechanism treated for