1.

He defined public health as the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency through organized community effort.

   

a. Winslow b. Nightingale c. Rosenstock d. Maslow

According to C. E Winslow, the goal of Public Health is for the people to attain their bright rights of health and longevity. Nightingale developed the environmental theory. Maslow developed the hierarchy of basic human needs. Rosenstock developed the health belief model. 2. The different clients of the community health nurse include the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. Individual Family Population group Community a. b. c. d. 1 and 2 only 1, 3, 4 only 1, 2, 4 only 1, 2, 3, 4

   

There are different levels of clientele in community health nursing the individual, family, population group and community. 3. According to Maslows hierarchy of needs, developing ones potential is included in which of the following:  a. Physiologic

  

b. Safety and Security c. Love and Belonging d. Self-actualization Other needs included in self-actualization are as follows: the need to learn a, create, understand, and comprehend

the need for harmonious relationships, the need for beauty, the need for spiritual fulfillment. 4. Pandemic occurrence of a disease means:  a. The intermittent occurrence of a few isolated and unrelated cases in a given locality.  b. The simultaneous occurrence of epidemic of the same disease in several countries.

 

c. The unusually large number of cases in a relatively short period of time. d. The continuous occurrence throughout a period of time of the usual number of cases in a given locality. Option B pertains to pandemic occurrence of a disease. Option A refers to the sporadic occurrence. Option C

pertains to the epidemic occurrence. Option D is the endemic occurrence of a disease. 5. Mrs. Panganibans 6 year old son is entering school for the first time. Mrs. Panganiban has a:  a. Stress point  b. Foreseeable crisis

 

c. Health deficit d. Health threat The entry of a 6 year old boy into school is an anticipated period of unusual demand on Mrs. Panganiban. 6. Operation Timbang is in which level of prevention of health problem? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Intermediate

   

Primary prevention is directed to the healthy population, focusing on prevention of emergence of risk factors and removal of the risk factors or reduction of their levels. Operation Timbang is done to identify members of the susceptible population who are malnourished. 7. A 3 year old boy was classified to have severe pneumonia or very severe disease. The following symptoms are present, except:  a. Convulsions

  

b. Chest indrawing c. Stridor d. Fast breathing Question was not answered

In IMCI, options A, B and C are all under the pink category. Option D is under the yellow category. 8. Severe dehydration is classified when TWO of the following signs are present, except:  a. Drinks eagerly, thirsty  b. Sunken eyes

 

c. Skin pinch goes back very slowly d. Abnormally sleepy or difficult to awaken Drinks eagerly, thirsty are signs that are classified under some dehydration. Options B, C and D are signs under severe dehydration. 9. Which of the following is an advantage of a home visit? a. It allows the nurse to provide nursing care to a greater number of people. b. It allows sharing of experiences among people with similar health problems. c. It provides an opportunity to do first hand appraisal of the home situation.

   

d. It develops a familys imitative in providing for health needs of its members. Option A is not correct since a home visit requires that the nurse spend so much time with the family. Option B is an advantage of a group conference. Option D is true of a clinic consultation. 10. Newborn Screening act is: a. b. c. d. R.A 8980 R.A 7610 R.A 7305 R.A 9288

   

Option A is the early childhood care and development act of Philippine. Option B is the Child Abuse and Exploitation Act. Option C is the Magna Carta of the Public Health Workers. 11. In the conduct of a census, the method of population assignment based on the usual place of residence of the people is termed:

   

a. De jure b. De facto c. De locus d. De novo

The other method of population assignment is De facto which is based on the actual physical location of the people. 12. A 5 year old child has given Retinol capsule every 6 months to prevent xerophthalmia. What is the dose given to preschoolers?  a. 15,000 IU

  

b. 200,000 IU c. 50,000 IU d. 100,000 IU Preschoolers are given Retinol 200,000 IU every 6 months. 100,000 IU is given once to infants aged 6 to 12 months. 10,000 IU is the dose for pregnant women. 13. In the Philippines, which condition is the most frequent cause of death associated with schistosomiasis?

   

a. Bladder cancer b. Intestinal perforation

c. Liver cirrhosis d. Liver cancer The etiologic agent for schistosomiasis in the Philippines is schistosoma japonicum, which affects the small intestine and the liver. Liver damage is consequence of fibrotic reactions to schistosoma eggs in the liver. 14. Core business of public health will include the following except: a. Disease control b. Health protection c. Health public policy d. None of the above There are 4 core business of public health these are disease control, health protection, health public policy and injury prevention. 15. Which element of FOURmula one aims to ensure quality and affordability of health services? a. Health financing b. Health regulation c. Health service delivery d. Good governance

   

   

Health regulation aims to ensure quality and affordability of health services. Health financing aims to sustain investments in health. Health service delivery aims to improve and ensure accessibility and availability of basic and essential health care. Good governance aims to enhance the performance of the health sector. 16. When is Rabies awareness month celebrated?

   

a. January b. March c. May d. June

The month of March is the Rabies awareness month, fire prevention and burn injury prevention month. January is cancer awareness month. May is natural family planning month. June is kidney month, no smoking month and also dengue awareness is also celebrated at this month. 17. Pillars of primary health care include all of the following, except:

   

a. Active community participation b. Provision of medical care and emergency treatment c. Support mechanism made available d. Use of appropriate technology

There are four pillars of primary health care, these are the active community participation, support mechanism made available, use of appropriate technology and intro and intra-sectoral linkages. 18. A very important part of the community health nursing planning process includes:  a. Evaluation of structures and qualifications of health care team

  

b. The application of professional judgment in estimating importance of facts to family and community. c. Carrying out nursing procedures as per plan of action. d. Coordination with other sectors in relation to health concerns. Evaluation structures and qualifications of health care team is part of the community health nursing planning process.

Option B is in included in the assessment process while option C and D are both part of the implementation process. 19. Mrs. Larazabal brought her 2 month old baby to the health center for immunization. On assessment, the infants temperature registered 38 degrees C. Which is the best action that you will take?  a. Give paracetamol and wait for his fever to subside.

 

b. Refer the infant to the physician for further evaluation. c. Proceed with the infants immunization.

d. Tell the mother to bring her baby back at the health center when her baby is feeling well. IN the EPI, fever up to 38.5 degrees C is not a contraindication to immunization. Mild acute respiratory tract infection,

simple diarrhea and malnutrition are not contraindication either. 20. Which herbal plant is given for fever, headache and cough?  a. Sambong  b. Tsaang gubat

 

c. Akapulko d. Lagundi Lagundi is given for fever, headache and cough. Sambong is used as a diuretic. Tsaang gubat is used to relieve diarrhea. Akapulko is used for its antifungal property. 21. Dependency ratio is best described as: a. Compares the number of economically dependent with the economically productive group in population. b. Graphical representation of the age-sex composition of the population. c. Compares the number of males to the number of females in the population.

   

d. Illustrates the proportion of the people living in urban compared to the rural areas. Dependency ratio compares the number of economically dependent with the economically productive group in population. Option B refers to population pyramid. Option C refers to sex ratio. Option D is under population distribution and it refers to the urban-rural distribution. 22. Type of water supply facility composed of a system with a piped distribution network and household taps. a. Level I b. Level II c. Level III

   

d. Level IV Level III type of water supply facility has a source, a reservoir, a piped distribution network and household taps. 23. Which of the following is not a principle of community organizing?  a. Principle of Leadership

  

b. Principle of Evaluation c. Principle of Structure d. Principle of Attainment There are 6 principles of community organizing such as principle of leadership, principle of evaluation, principle of

structure, principle of needs, principle of participation and principle of communication. 24. Which method of family panning cannot be immediately used by a breastfeeding mother?  a. LAM  b. BTL

 

c. Combined OCP d. Condom Combined OCP decreased the production of milk. Therefore, it cannot be immediately used by a breastfeeding mother.

25. If there were 250 deaths and 36,114 live births registered in Region III, with a total population of 200,000, the fetal death rate would be?  a. 6.9 per 1000 live births  b. 7.8 per 1000 live births

 

c. 0.16 per 1000 live births d. 0.0014 per 1000 live births When getting the infant mortality rate, we use this formula, deaths under 1 year of age number of live births x 1000.

1. The essential care made universally available and accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them and at a cost that the community and country can afford is termed by the World Health

   

Organization (WHO) as: a. Health Promotion b. Public health nursing c. Primary health care d. Community health nursing PHC is defined by the WHO as the essential care made universally available and accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them and at a cost that the community and country can afford. Public Health is defined as science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency

through organized community effort for the sanitation of the environment. Community health nursing is defined as a service rendered by a professional nurse with communities, groups, families, individuals at home, in health centers, clinics, schools, places of work for promotion of health, prevention of illness and care of the sick at home and rehabilitation. 2. In a certain area, a district hospital is providing care given by physicians with basic health training. Minor surgeries and some simple laboratory examinations are executed also in this hospital. Basing on the given data this facility is of what level?  a. Primary

  

b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. B and C Question was not answered

Secondary levels are providing care given by physicians with basic health training. A primary level of care is devolved to the cities and the municipalities where the health care provided is given by center physicians, PHNs, rural health midwives and barangay health workers. Tertiary level of care is rendered by specialists in health facilities. 3. The Philippine Heart Center is under what level of health care?

   

a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. B and C

Tertiary level of care is rendered by specialists in health facilities. Secondary levels are providing care given by physicians with basic health training. A primary level of care is devolved to the cities and the municipalities where the health care provided is given by center physicians, PHNs, rural health midwives and barangay health workers. 4. Public health nurses have various functions in the field. Bringing activities or group systematically into proper

   

relation and harmony with other is under what function of a public health nurse? a. Management function b. Nursing care function c. Supervisory function

d. Collaborating and coordinating function Bringing activities or group systematically into proper relation and harmony with other is implementing collaborating and coordinating function of a public health nurse. 5. During a meeting, the public health nurse together with the other barangay health workers and midwives, are

developing evaluation parameters. In a nursing process, the public health nurse and her subordinates are going through what step?  a. Assessment  b. Planning nursing action

 

c. Implementation of planned care d. Evaluation of care and services rendered

Developing parameters for evaluation is under the planning phase. Assessment phase involves data collection, initiation of contact, analyzing and interpreting data. In the implementation of care what is planned is put into action. In the evaluation of care part, the performance is appraised and identification of needed alterations is done. 6. During what phase of nursing process do data analysis and interpretation is done and mutual trust and confidence is developed?  a. Assessment

  

b. Planning nursing action c. Implementation of planned care d. Evaluation of care and services rendered Assessment phase involves data collection, initiation of contact, analyzing and interpreting data. Mutual trust and

confidence is important in this step to obtain the needed data. 7. Coordinating care and services and the utilization of community resources is under what step in the nursing process?  a. Assessment

  

b. Planning nursing action c. Implementation of planned care d. Evaluation of care and services rendered In the implementation of care what is planned is put into action. Care and services are put into action, community

resources are utilized and provided health services are monitored and supervised. 8. There are three classic frameworks from which nursing care is delivered which an improvement in any of the three tends to produce a favorable change in the two. Physical settings, instrumentalities and conditions are all part of what element?

   

a. Structural elements b. Outcome elements c. Process elements d. Planned elements

Structural elements include physical settings, instrumentalities and conditions. Process elements include steps of the nursing process itself and outcome elements are changes in the clients health status that result from nursing intervention. 9. Mang Binoy was diagnosed with diabetes Type II. In one of the public health nurses visit she encouraged Mang Binoy to execute regular exercise and observe his diet. Compliance with treatment regimen was also stressed out. After a month the clients condition was improved due to strict treatment compliance. This is under which framework?  a. Structural elements  b. Outcome elements

 

c. Process elements d. Planned elements Outcome elements are changes in the clients health status that result from nursing intervention. 10. Home visit allows a public health nurse to assess the home and family situations in order to provide the

necessary nursing care. Public Nurse Chedie knows that principles are involves in preparing for a home visit. Which of the following least likely describe the principles in home visit preparation?  a. A home visit should have a purpose  b. Before a home visit is done a family record should be read

 

c. Delivery of the care involves all the members of the family d. The plan for a home visit should be time bounded. A home visit should be flexible. Being time-bounded is not included in its principles. 11. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of steps in a home visit? a. Greet the patient and introduce self, state purpose of visit, perform bag technique, perform nursing care, make an appointment for a return visit, document data

  

b. Greet the patient and introduce self, perform bag technique , state purpose of visit, perform nursing care, make an appointment for a return visit, document data c. Greet the patient and introduce self, perform nursing care, document data, perform bag technique, make an appointment for a return visit, document data d. Greet the patient and introduce self, state purpose of visit, perform bag technique, perform nursing care, document data and make an appointment for a return visit

Greet the patient and introduce self, state purpose of visit, perform bag technique, perform nursing care, document data and make an appointment for a return visit 12. In caring for a sick individual in a home isolation technique should be implemented. Which of the following correctly describes this technique at a home?

   

a. All soiled articles with discharges should be boiled in water 30 minutes before laundering. b. Articles used by the patient can be placed in a hamper used by all members of the family. c. The one caring for the sick individual should be drinking antibiotics. d. All articles with discharges from the patient should be burned.

All articles soiled with patients discharges should be boiled in water 30 minutes before laundering. Articles of the patient should not mix with the other members of the family. The one caring for the sick should wear a gown used only inside the patients room. 13. Health risk profile is a component of analysis. Behavioral risk assessment includes the following except:

   

a. Dietary habit b. Low educational level c. Smoking d. Sedentary lifestyle

Behavioral health risk assessment include dietary habits and other lifestyle concerns. Low educational level is a social indicator. 14. Organizations are working together with groups to deal with community issues. This type of organizational structure is typically noted in:

   

a. Coalition b. Grass-roots c. Networks and consortia d. Citizen panels

when organizations are working together with groups to deal with community issues a coalition is organized structurally. Grass-roots are informal structures in the community like the neighborhood residents. Networks and consortia develop because of certain concerns. Citizen panels are organized by group of citizens about 5-10 to form a partnership with a government agency. 15. A group of neighborhood residents organized a structure to deal with some matters in the community. This is what type of organizational structure?  a. Coalition  b. Grass-roots

 

c. Networks and consortia d. Citizen panels Question was not answered Grass-roots are informal structures in the community like the neighborhood residents. When organizations are working together with groups to deal with community issues a coalition is organized structurally. Networks and consortia develop because of certain concerns. Citizen panels are organized by group of citizens about 5-10 to form a partnership with a government agency. 16. Mr. Dela torre is leading a group of about 5-10 citizens to create a partnership with the government agency.

This is an organizational structure called: a. Coalition

  

b. Grass-roots c. Networks and consortia

d. Citizen panels Citizen panels are organized by group of citizens about 5-10 to form a partnership with a government agency. Grassroots are informal structures in the community like the neighborhood residents. When organizations are working together with groups to deal with community issues a coalition is organized structurally. Networks and consortia

develop because of certain concerns. 17. The guiding principle in health promotion efforts is known as:  a. Rural Health Law  b. Local Government Code

 

c. Ottawa Charter d. Triple Whammy Ottawa charter for health promotion was adopted by 212 participants from 38 countries which defines health promotion broadly as the process of enabling people to increase control aver and to improve their health. Rural

Health Law or EO 288 is a reorganization act that created 8 regional health offices. A triple whammy consists of an epidemiologic shift, SARS and Avian Flu that in one brought a devastating effect in the country years ago. 18. For health to be improved a foundation of which basic prerequisite should be secured?  a. Shelter

  

b. Peace c. Stable Ecosystem d. All of the above Prerequisites for health according to the Ottawa Charter are: peace, shelter, education, food, income, a stable

ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice and equity. 19. The process of assisting individuals, acting separately or collectively to make informed decisions about matters that affects the personal health of self and others is termed as:  a. Health promotion

  

b. Health service c. Health education d. Primary health care Health education is the process of assisting individuals, acting separately or collectively to make informed decisions

about matters that affects the personal health of self and others. Health promotion is the strategy between the people and their environment, using their personal choice and social responsibility in health. Primary health care is essential care made universally available and accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them and at a cost that the community and country can afford. 20.

   

The epidemiologic triangle consists of three components which are the following except: a. Host b. Mode of transmission c. Agent

d. Environment The epidemiologic triangle consists of three components host, environment and agent. The model implies that each must be analyzed and understood for comprehensions and prediction of patterns of disease. 21. The organism that harbors and provide nourishment for another organism is called a: a. Host b. Mode of transmission c. Agent d. Environment

   

The HOST is any organism that harbors and provides nourishment for another organism.

22. The strategy between the people and their environment, using their personal choice and social responsibility in health is known as:

   

a. Health promotion b. Health service c. Health education d. Primary health care

Health promotion is the strategy between the people and their environment, using their personal choice and social responsibility in health. Primary health care is essential care made universally available and accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them and at a cost that the community and country can afford. Health education is the process of assisting individuals, acting separately or collectively to make informed decisions about matters that affects the personal health of self and others. 23. The following is a part of intrinsic factor that may cause a disease to occur:  a. Climate  b. Flora

 

c. Occupation d. Food handling Intrinsic factors are inherent and basic influences that can cause en exposure, susceptibility or response to agents. Included in these factors are genetic, age, sex, ethnic group, physiologic, immunologic, inter-current disease, human

behavior (E.g. food handling, personal hygiene). Extrinsic factors are environmental factors such as physical environment (climate), biologic environment (flora), and socio-economic environment (occupation). 24. Extrinsic factors are the enumerated choices apart from:  a. Climate

  

b. Flora c. Occupation d. Food handling Extrinsic factors are environmental factors such as physical environment (climate), biologic environment (flora), and

socio-economic environment (occupation). 25. The sum total of all external condition and influences that affects the development of an organism pertains to:  a. Infectious agents  b. Biological environment

 

c. Environment d. Socio-economic environment Environment is the sum total of all external condition and influences that affects the development of an organism. Biological and socio-economic together with physical environment are components of this.

1. The health of individuals and communities are affected by a combination of factors. Based on the World Health organizations list of heath determinants, which of the following incorrectly affects the health of an individual?  a. Higher salary  b. Traditions  c. Low educational level  d. Intelligence The factors affecting health according the WHO are: income and social status, education, physical environment, employment and working conditions, social support networks, culture, genetics, personal behavior and coping, health services and gender. 2. The core business of the public health includes which of the following?  a. Health protection  b. Epidemiological surveillance

 

c. Research d. Health situation analysis

The core businesses of public health are disease control, injury prevention, health protection, health public policy and health promotion. B, C, and D are essential functions of Public Health. 3. The core business of the public health cannot be achieved without the proper delivery of essential functions. In the implementation of these functions the following are implemented apart from:

   

a. Government implementation of all functions b. Implementation through governmental and non-governmental organizations c. Private sectors can also implement the said function d. Coordination of public health system through different infrastructures

For the essential functions to be adequately delivered, implementations may be achieved through other governmental agencies and non-governmental organizations or private sectors. Governments do not necessarily have to implement or finance these functions themselves. 4. A law that was the key in creating the first 81 rural health units is:

   

a. E.O. 288 b. E.O. 102 c. R.A. 1082 d. R.A. 7160

It is also known as the Rural Health Law. EO 288 is a reorganization act that created 8 regional health offices. E.O. 102 is the Redirecting the functions and operations of the DOH signed by President Joseph Estrada on May 24, 1999. RA 7160 is the Local Government Code. 5. Which law mandates the DOH to provide assistance to LGUs, peoples organization and other members of civic

   

society in effectively implementing programs, projects and services in the promotion of health? a. E.O. 288 b. E.O. 102 c. R.A. 1082 d. R.A. 7160 It is also known as the Rural Health Law. EO 288 is a reorganization act that created 8 regional health offices. E.O. 102 is the Redirecting the functions and operations of the DOH signed by President Joseph Estrada on May 24, 1999. RA 7160 is the Local Government Code. 6. The Philippine Health Care Delivery System has two sectors. The public sector is further divided into two categories, national and local. On the items given select all the agencies that belong to the national health system. A. Philippine General Hospital B. Rural health unit C. District hospitals D. regional hospital E. medical center F. Barangay health station G. Provincial hospital

   

a. A, C, E, F b. D, E, F, G c. B, C, D, G d. A, C, D, E

At the national level, the DOH is mandated as the lad agency. Under this health system is the specialty, regional and medical hospitals. Philippine General Hospital is also part of this sector. 7. Act No. 2156 which consolidated the municipalities into sanitary divisions and established the health fund for travel and salaries is known as:

   

a. Fajardo Act b. Jones Law c. Philippine Health Service d. Rural Health Law

Act No 2156 is also known as the Fajardo Act. Jones Law is also known as the Philippine Autonomy Act. Act No. 2468 is the Philippine Health service. Rural Health Law is EO 102.

8. The most sweeping reorganization in history of DOH due to the decentralization of government services on February 20, 1958 is known as:

   

a. b. c. d.

E.O. 288 E.O. 102 R.A. 1082 R.A. 7160

EO 288 is a reorganization act that created 8 regional health offices which is described as the most sweeping reorganization in the history of the department. E.O. 102 is the Redirecting the functions and operations of the DOH signed by President Joseph Estrada on May 24, 1999. RA 7160 is the Local Government Code. EO 102 also known as the Rural Health Law. 9. The DOHs specific role in the health sector. Serving as an advocate in the adoption of health policies, plans and programs to address the national and sectoral concerns is an example of which role?  a. enabling and building capacity  b. administrator of specific services

 

c. leadership in health d. all of the above A, B, C are the roles of the DOH as the national authority. However, serving as an advocate in the adoption of health policies, plans and programs to address the national and sectoral concerns is an example of a leadership role thus, C is the best choice. 10. Health Sector Reform Agenda (HSRA) is the overriding goal of the DOH. The reform is established because although there has been a significant improvement in the health status of the Filipinos negative conditions are still seen among the population which does not include:

   

a. Slowing down in the reduction in the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) b. Increase reduction of Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) c. Rising Burden from chronic diseases d. Unattended emerging health risks from environmental and work related factors

If there is an increase in the reduction of maternal mortality no health reform is needed because the mortality rates are decreasing at a faster phase, thus, B is the correct answer. A, C, and D are all negative statements in response to health among Filipinos thats why a reform is needed. 11. In the implementation of Health Sector Reform Agenda (HSRA) a FOURmula ONE for Health is designed. One of the main feature in this strategy is the joint of the National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) which supports the elements of strategy in terms of the following except:  a. Financing  b. Governance

 

c. Regulation d. Health service delivery Question was not answered The National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) supports the implementation of the health reform in terms of finances,

governance and regulation but not the delivery of the heath services. 12. The DOH espoused an Inter Local Health system to ensure quality of health care service at the local level. It is a system where individuals, communities and all other health care providers in a specific geographical area participate together in providing quality equitable and accessible health. An Inter Local Health Zone (ILHZ) is a

   

clustered municipality and is comprised of: a. DOH and private sectors b. Secondary level facilities only c. Central referral hospital and primary level facilities d. DOH and secondary level facilities

In an Inter Local Health system (ILHS) the municipalities are clustered into Inter Local Health Zone (ILHZ). Each ILHZ has a defined population in a specific geographical area and is comprised of a central referral hospital and a number of primary level facilities (RHUs and barangay health stations). 13. The World Health Organization defines public health as:  a. Science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency through organized community effort for the sanitation of the environment.

  

b. The art of applying science in the context of politics so as to reduce inequalities in health while ensuring the best health for the greatest number. c. A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. d. A service rendered by a professional nurse with communities, groups, families, individuals at home, in health

centers, clinics, schools, places of work for promotion of health, prevention of illness and care of the sick at home and rehabilitation. Question was not answered A. Science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency through organized community effort for the sanitation of the environment. definition of Public Health by Dr. C.E. Winslow B. The art of applying science in the context of politics so as to reduce inequalities in health while ensuring the best health for the greatest number. by WHO C. A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. definition of health by WHO D. A service rendered by a professional nurse with communities, groups, families, individuals at home, in health centers, clinics, schools, places of work for promotion of health, prevention of illness and care of the sick at home and rehabilitation. definition of community health nursing by Ruth Freeman 14. Public health systems in the Philippines are operating within a context of ongoing changes resulting to number

   

of pressures in the delivery of health services. These changes least likely include: a. Health reforms b. Technological advances c. Shifts in demographic and epidemiological trends in diseases

d. Customs and traditions The changes that cause pressures on the delivery of health services are shifts in demographic and epidemiologic trends in diseases (A), new technologies(B), globalization and health reforms(C). Customs and traditions are health determinant thus, D is the correct answer. 15. Which of the following Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is not health related? a. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other disease b. Achieve universal primary education c. Reduce child mortality d. Ensure environmental sustainability

   

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Achieve universal primary

education Promte gender equality and empower women Reduce child mortality Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other disease Ensure environmental sustainability Develop a global partnership for development Except for goals 2 and 3, all the MDGs are health or health related. Thus, B is the correct answer. 16. An indispensible and essential equipment of a public health nurse during her home visit is:  a. Black umbrella  b. Bag technique

 

c. Public health bag d. Thermometer A public health bag is an indispensible and essential equipment of a public health nurse which she has to carry along during her home visits. 17. What is the primary reason or rationale of performing bag technique? a. To minimize if not prevent the spread of infection.

  

b. To save time and effort in the performance of nursing procedures. c. To promote ease and dexterity in implementing procedures.

d. To render effective nursing care to the client. All of the given items in the options are goals in performing a bag technique however, the most important rationale of utilizing the bag technique is to prevent the spread of infection. 18. The following items are found inside a public health bag except: a. b. c. d. Apron Stethoscope Tape measure Acetic acid

   

Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope are carried separately. 19. Which item demonstrates the correct steps in bag technique:  a. Place bag on table, wash hands, wear apron, close the bag, perform nursing care and treatment  b. Place bag on table, wear apron, wash hands, put out needed articles, close the bag

 

c. Wash hands, place bag on table, wear apron, put out needed articles, nursing care d. Place bag on table, wash hands, wear apron, put out needed articles, close the bag, nursing care The nurse places the bag first on the table then asks for a basin of water for hand washing. The apron is then worn and the needed items are placed in a specific area. Before the nursing care and treatment is done, the bag should be

closed first. 20. During one of Nurse Diannes home visit to Family Alonzo, she learned that the clients first child lacks immunization. This situation is a:  a. Health deficit

  

b. Foreseeable crisis c. Health threat d. Health problem A health threat is a condition that promotes disease or injury and prevents the people from realizing their health potential. Examples include, lack of immunization and inappropriate role assumption. Health deficits are gaps between actual and achievable health status such as no regular checkup and history of repeated infections. Foreseeable crises are stressful events such as death or illness of a family member. A health problem is a situation in which there is a demonstrated health need combined with actual or potential resources to apply remedial measures.

21. The youngest sibling of Family Alonzo was coughing and upon assessment has a fever. The mother told Nurse Diane that the child has had two incidents of pneumonia within the year. This is a:  a. Health deficit  b. Foreseeable crisis

 

c. Health threat d. Health problem Health deficits are gaps between actual and achievable health status such as no regular checkup and history of repeated infections. A health threat is a condition that promotes disease or injury and prevents the people from realizing their health potential. Examples include, lack of immunization and inappropriate role assumption. Foreseeable crises are stressful events such as death or illness of a family member. A health problem is a situation in which there is a demonstrated health need combined with actual or potential resources to apply remedial measures. 22. The neighbor of Family Alonzo has been grieving due to the death of their mother from pregnancy

   

complications. Nurse Diane understands that this event is a: a. Health deficit b. Foreseeable crisis c. Health threat d. Health problem

Foreseeable crises are stressful events such as death or illness of a family member. Health deficits are gaps between actual and achievable health status such as no regular checkup and history of repeated infections. A health threat is a condition that promotes disease or injury and prevents the people from realizing their health potential. Examples include, lack of immunization and inappropriate role assumption. A health problem is a situation in which there is a demonstrated health need combined with actual or potential resources to apply remedial measures. 23. In the collection of data various methods are employed by a public health nurse. Which is not included in these

d. Observation of health-related behaviors of individuals and family groups Developing an operational plan is part of the planning phase not the data collection phase. 24. One of the areas where a Public Health Nurse functions is disease surveillance. What is disease surveillance?  a. A continuous collection and analysis of data of cases and death

   

methods? a. Community surveys b. Individual and family health records c. Developing an operational plan

  

b. An on-going interpersonal process in which the nurses and the clients are viewed as a system. c. A declaration of purpose or intent that gives essential direction to an action. d. An estimate of the degree to which a family, group or community is achieving the level of health possible for them.

A- A continuous collection and analysis of data of cases and death Disease Surveillance B- An on-going interpersonal process in which the nurses and the clients are viewed as a system. Nursing Process definition C- A declaration of purpose or intent that gives essential direction to an action. Goal setting D- An estimate of the degree to which a family, group or community is achieving the level of health possible for them. assessment 25. Nurse Diane influenced the Sangguniang Bayan to ban smoking in public areas to minimize if not prevent the exposure of population to smoking. She is performing her role as:  a. Educator  b. Trainer

 

c. Advocate d. Researcher Using her skills to create a supportive environment through policies and devising ways to make the environment clean for a healthier population is demonstrating advocacy.

1. There is no definite rule to be followed on the frequency of home visits. The schedule of the visit may vary according to the need of the patient or family for nursing care. In a home visit which factor is least likely considered?  a. Physical needs, psychological needs and emotional needs of the family members.  b. The acceptance of the family for the services to be rendered.  c. Interest of the family members to the rendered services.  d. Policy of a specific agency and the emphasis given towards their health programs. The nurse has to consider the physical, psychological and educational needs of the family not the emotional needs. 2. In preparing a home visit the first thing the nurse should consider is:  a. Plan  b. Available information  c. Objective  d. Flexibility To prepare for a home visit the main consideration of the nurse is the objective or purpose then the plan will follow. Availability of information and flexibility of information is also important but after the objective or purpose is made or established. 3. In a home visit, initially a nurse should do which of the following?

   

a. State the purpose of visit b. Make an appointment for a return visit

c. Record all important data d. Greet the patient and introduce oneself Initially, the nurse should greet the patient introduce her/himself. Then the purpose will be stated. Making an appointment for a return visit is done last in a home visit.

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the variables of person in analyzing epidemiological data?  a. In general females experience higher mortality rates than male for a wide range of diseases.  b. Females have higher morbidity rates than men.

 

c. A persons level of immunity is largely influenced by a persons age. d. Differing pattern of behavior between sexes or activities as a recreation results in different opportunities for exposure to a source of infection. In general, males experience higher mortality rates than female for a wide range of diseases. (Source: public health

nursing page 66). 5. A continuous occurrence throughout a period of time of the usual number of cases in a given locality is what type of disease occurrence?  a. Sporadic occurrence

  

b. Endemic occurrence c. Epidemic occurrence d. Pandemic occurrence a. Sporadic occurrence intermittent occurrence of a few isolated and unrelated cases in a given locality. b. Endemic occurrence - continuous occurrence throughout a period of time of the usual number of cases in a given locality c. Epidemic occurrence unusually large number of cases in relatively short period of time d. Pandemic occurrence simultaneous occurrence of epidemic of the same disease in several countries. 6. Cases of rabies occur intermittently in the Philippines. There are few cases in certain weeks while there are no

cases in the other weeks. During when the few cases are occurring, the cases are scattered throughout the country, thus, the cases are not related at all to the cases in other areas. This pattern of occurrence is:  a. Sporadic occurrence  b. Endemic occurrence

 

c. Epidemic occurrence d. Pandemic occurrence Sporadic occurrence intermittent occurrence of a few isolated and unrelated cases in a given locality. 7. Cases of bird flu are noted for a short period of time in a certain place. This follows what pattern of occurrence? a. Sporadic occurrence b. Endemic occurrence c. Epidemic occurrence d. Pandemic occurrence

   

Epidemic occurrence unusually large number of cases in relatively short period of time. 8. Surveillance is important in monitoring the progress of the disease reduction initiatives, collection and analysis of data of cases and death. Objective of surveillance include:  a. To measure the magnitude of the problem

  

b. To diagnose a disease well c. To prevent future outbreaks d. All of these Objectives of surveillance are the following: To measure the magnitude of the problem To measure the effect of the control program 9. The importance of outbreak investigation includes which of the following?

   

a. Control and prevention measure b. Severity and risk to others

c. Training d. All of these Importance of outbreak investigation: Control and prevention measure Severity and risk to others Training Research opportunities Program consideration Public, political and legal concerns 10. Sources of outbreak investigation includes the following apart from: a. Surveillance data b. Media c. Concerned citizens

   

d. Medical books Sources of outbreak investigations include: Surveillance data Media Concerned citizens Affected persons/ groups Medical practitioner 11. The first step in outbreak investigation is: a. b. c. d. Establishing the existence of an outbreak Preparing for field work Verifying diagnosis Defining and identifying the cases

   

The first step in outbreak investigation is the preparation of the field work. Next is establishing the existence of an outbreak followed by verification of diagnosis. Verifying and identifying cases is the 4th step. Step 5 is performing descriptive epidemiology. 12. The epidemiology nurse least likely performs which function?

   

a. Implementing public health surveillance b. Monitoring local health personnel conducting disease surveillance c. Catering the needs of the nursing students in the area d. Conduct an outbreak investigation

Function of the epidemiology nurse: Implementing public health surveillance Monitoring local health personnel conducting disease surveillance Conduct/assist an outbreak investigation Assist in the conduct of rapid surveys and surveillance during disasters Assist in the conduct of surveys, program evaluations and other epidemiologic studies 13. A systematic approach of obtaining, organizing and analyzing numerical facts so that conclusion may be drawn from them is called:  a. Vital statistics  b. Statistics

 

c. Crude Birth Rate d. All of the above Statistics refers to a systematic approach of obtaining, organizing and analyzing numerical facts so that conclusion may be drawn from them. Vital statistics refers to the systematic study of vital events such as births, illnesses,

marriages, divorce, separation and deaths. 14. Maribeth is assigned to obtain the total number of female population in their place. Information such as this can be taken from which institution?  a. Local Civil Registrar

  

b. City Health Department c. City Hall d. National Statistics Office Statistic on population and the characteristics such as age and sex distribution can be obtained from the NSO.

15. To describe accurately the risk of exposure of certain classes or groups to particular diseases which formula should Maribeth use?

   

a. Specific Death Rate b. Crude Death Rate

c. Proportionate Mortality d. Crude birth rate Specific death rate describes accurately the risk of exposure of certain classes or groups to particular diseases. Crude death rate is a measure of mortality from all causes which may result in a decrease of population.

Proportionate Mortality (Death Ratios) shows the numerical relationship between deaths from all causes (or groups or causes), age (or group of age) etc., and the total number of deaths from all causes in all ages taken together. 16. Case fatality ratio has which of the following formula?  a. No. of persons acquiring a disease registered in a given year Number of exposed to same disease in the same

  

year X 1000 b. No. of registered deaths from specific cause or age for a given year No. of registration of deaths from all causes and ages in same year X 1000 c. No. of registered deaths from a specific disease for a given year No. of registered cases from same

specific disease in same year X 1000 d. No. of new cases of a particular disease registered during a specified period of time Estimated population as of July of same year X 1000 a. No. of persons acquiring a disease registered in a given year Number of exposed to same disease in the same year X 1000 = attack rate b. No. of registered deaths from specific cause or age for a given year No. of registration of deaths from all causes and ages in same year X 1000 = proportionate mortality c. No. of registered deaths from a specific disease for a given year No. of registered cases from same specific disease in same year X 1000 = case fatality ratio d. No. of new cases of a particular disease registered during a specified period of time Estimated

population as of July of same year X 1000 = incidence rate 17. Which of the following will show the numerical relationship between deaths from all causes (or groups), age (or group of age), and the total number of deaths from all causes in all ages taken together?  a. Case fatality ratio

  

b. Crude death rate c. Proportionate mortality d. Specific death rate Proportionate Mortality (Death Ratios) shows the numerical relationship between deaths from all causes (or groups or causes), age (or group of age) etc., and the total number of deaths from all causes in all ages taken together. Specific death rate describes accurately the risk of exposure of certain classes or groups to particular diseases. Crude death rate is a measure of mortality from all causes which may result in a decrease of population. 18. Which of the following is the most commonly used graph in presenting data?

   

a. b. c. d.

Linear graph Bar graph Area diagram All of these

The following are most commonly used graphs in presenting data: Line / curved graph Bar graphs Area diagram (pie charts) 19. Field Health Services and Information System (FHSIS) has the following objective apart from:  a. Providing summary of data on health services delivery and selected program accomplished.

  

b. To give health teachings to prevent further spread of disease to individual and families. c. Provide data when combined with data from other sources which can be used for program monitoring and evaluation purposes. d. To provide standardized facility level data base which can be accessed for a more in depth studies.

Giving health teachings to prevent further spread of disease to individual and families is the nurses specific role in epidemiological investigations.

20.

   

Components of FHSIS include which of the following? a. Reporting forms

b. Health survey c. Registration of vital data d. Studies and researches Components of FHSIS: Family treatment record Target/client list Reporting forms Output reports 21. The fundamental building block or foundation of FHSIS is: a. Studies and researches b. Target Client List c. Family treatment Record

   

d. Health Survey The fundamental building block or foundation of FHSIS is the family treatment record. 22. The document that contains the clients complaints, diagnosis and treatment is:  a. Output reports b. Target Client List c. Family treatment Record d. Health Survey The fundamental building block or foundation of FHSIS is the family treatment record. It contains the presenting

  

symptoms or complaints of the client, diagnosis and treatment and date of treatment recorded. 23. The second building block of FHSIS is:  a. Output reports  b. Target Client List

 

c. Family treatment Record d. Health Survey The target list is the second building block of the FHSIS. 24. A set of fundamental activities that address the determinants of health, protect a populations health and treat disease is: a. Public health b. Public health nursing c. Public health function d. Community health nursing Yach described the public health function as a set of fundamental activities that address the determinants of health, protect a populations health and treat disease. 25. The core business of public health is which of the following? a. Disease control b. Injury prevention c. Health protection d. All of these

   

   

All of the choices given are core business of public health.