Concept of A Community
Uploaded by
Rommel Luis C. Israel IIIConcept of A Community
Uploaded by
Rommel Luis C. Israel IIIConcept of a Community
A. Types of Communities
1. Geographical Communities – Defined by location (e.g., barangay, city, rural/urban).
2. Functional Communities – Formed around shared activities, interests, or goals (e.g.,
farming groups, professional associations).
3. Virtual Communities – Groups connected through technology and digital platforms
(e.g., online health forums).
4. Cultural/Ethnic Communities – United by traditions, beliefs, and cultural heritage.
5. Interest-Based Communities – Formed by individuals sharing common hobbies,
advocacies, or concerns.
B. Characteristics of a Healthy Community
• Access to quality health care services.
• Safe environment (clean water, proper sanitation, low pollution).
• Active participation of community members in decision-making.
• Adequate housing and infrastructure.
• Social support systems and opportunities for livelihood.
• High level of literacy and education.
• Strong leadership and governance promoting health equity.
C. Components of a Community
1. People (Population) – The residents; size, density, and demographics.
2. Place (Environment) – Geographic location, climate, housing, and resources.
3. Social Interaction – Relationships, networks, organizations, and institutions.
D. Factors Affecting Health and Community
1. Characteristics of the Population
• Age, sex, educational attainment, occupation, and socioeconomic status.
• Health status, beliefs, and cultural practices.
BY: ROMMEL LUIS C. ISRAEL III
Clinical Instructor
2. Location of the Community
• Accessibility to hospitals, schools, markets, and transportation.
• Environmental conditions (climate, disaster-prone areas, pollution).
• Urban vs. rural setting.
3. Social Systems within the Community
• Economic System – Jobs, income, and livelihood.
• Political System – Leadership, policies, and governance.
• Health System – Availability and accessibility of health services.
• Educational System – Literacy level and access to schools.
• Cultural System – Traditions, values, and practices.
E. Roles and Activities of Community Health Nurse
1. Care Provider
• Delivers direct nursing care to individuals, families, and groups across the lifespan.
2. Health Educator
• Conducts health teaching and promotes healthy practices (e.g., immunization campaigns,
nutrition classes).
3. Advocate
• Protects the rights of patients and communities, ensuring equitable access to health
services.
4. Coordinator/Collaborator
• Works with government agencies, NGOs, and local leaders to deliver integrated health
services.
5. Change Agent
• Facilitates community development, mobilizes resources, and initiates health programs
for improvement.
6. Manager
BY: ROMMEL LUIS C. ISRAEL III
Clinical Instructor
• Plans, organizes, directs, and evaluates health programs in the community.
7. Role Model
• Demonstrates health-promoting behaviors and professional values.
8. Researcher
• Identifies community health problems, conducts studies, and applies evidence-based
interventions.
9. Recorder/Reporter
• Documents health conditions, maintains records, and submits accurate reports for
planning and evaluation.
References:
Allender, J. A., Rector, C., & Warner, K. D. (2013). Community & public health nursing:
Promoting the public’s health (8th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Clark, M. J. (2015). Population and community health nursing (6th ed.). Pearson.
Maurer, F. A., & Smith, C. M. (2013). Community/public health nursing practice: Health for
families and populations (5th ed.). Elsevier Saunders.
Nies, M. A., & McEwen, M. (2019). Community/public health nursing: Promoting the health of
populations (7th ed.). Elsevier.
Philippine Department of Health. (2016). Philippine health agenda 2016–2022: All for health
towards health for all. Department of Health. https://doh.gov.ph
Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2020). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in
the community (10th ed.). Elsevier.
World Health Organization. (2020). Community health workers: What do we know about them?
WHO. https://www.who.int
BY: ROMMEL LUIS C. ISRAEL III
Clinical Instructor