CONTENT AND CONTEXTUAL
ANALYSIS OF "DECLARATION
OF PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE" BY
AMBROSIO RIANZARES-
BAUSTISTA
HISTORY OF
PHILIPPINE FLAG
TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE FLAG & TIMELINE OF COATS OF ARMS
1899-1901
PROCLAMATION
OF INDEPENDENCE
(June 12,1899)
First 1899 Republic
CESSATION OF
HOSTILITIES
1901-1907
1905-1907
Act No.1365 &
Act No.2657
(December
12,1916)
Insular Government of the
Philippine islands
ACT NO. 1696
1907-1919
(August 23,
1907)
1905-1907
Act No.1365 &
Act No.2657
(December
12,1916)
Insular Government of the
Philippine islands
1919-1936
ACT NO. 2871
(October
24, 1919)
ACT NO. 2928
1935-1940
ACT NO.4258
COMMONWEALTH OF THE
PHILIPPINES
(November 6,1935)
1919-1936
ACT NO. 2871
(October 24, 1919)
ACT NO. 2928
1940-1941
COMMONWEALTH OF THE
PHILIPPINES
(August 19,1940)
1941-1945 1942-1943 1944-1945
EXECUTIVE ORDER JAPANESE PROCLAMATION
NO.386, s.1941 OCCUPATION NO.30
(December 18, 1941) (January 2,1942) (September 22,1944)
SECOND REPUBLIC
1943-1944
EXECUTIVE ORDER
NO.17, s. 13, 1943
(December 13, 1943)
1944-1945
1941-1946 1943
COMMONWEALTH PROCLAMATION
ACT NO.5
ACT NO. 614 NO.30
SECOND REPUBLIC
COMMONWEALTH OF
(September 22,1944)
THE PHILIPPINES
SECOND REPUBLIC
(FEBRUARY 23, 1941)
1945-1985
END OF THE WORLD WAR II TO THE
THIRD REPUBLIC
1946-1978
COMMONWEALTH
ACT NO.731
(July 3,1946)
COMMONWEALTH OF THE
PHILIPPINES
1978-1985
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE
NO.1413, s. 1978
(June 9, 1978)
BAGONG LIPUNAN
1985-1986
EXECUTIVE ORDER
NO.1010 , s. 1985
(February 25, 1985)
1985-1986
EXECUTIVE ORDER
NO.1010,1985
FOURTH REPUBLIC
(February 25,91985)
1986*-1998
EXECUTIVE ORDER
NO.292, s.
1987
(July 25,1987)
*After Edsa Revolution, the 1985
colors were dropped
1986-1998
MEMORANDUM ORDER
NO.34, S. 1986
FOURTH REUBLIC
(September 10, 1986)
1998
PRESENT
REPUBLIC
ACT
NO.8491
(February 12, 1998)
1998
-PRESENT
REPUBLIC ACT
NO.8491
FIFTH REPUBLIC
(FEBRUARY 12, 1998)
DECLARATION OF THE PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
(Authored by: Ambrosio R. Bautista
Translation by: Sulpicio Guevara)
Background of the Author:
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
On December 7, 1830, Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
lawyer and General Emilio Aguinaldo’sconfidante, was
born in Biñan, Laguna to Gregorio Enriquez Bautista and
Silvestra Altamira. Distant relative of the Rizal Family
Bautista in Biñan. Was popular among peasants as “Don
Bosyong”
Background of the Author:
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
He attended preparatory school in Biñan and studied law at the
University of Santo Tomas (UST), obtaining a degree in 1865. He
then practiced law in Manila and offered free legal services to poor
clients. Whilst practicing law, Bautista, on his way to Malolos,
Bulacan, was captured by a group of bandits, who subsequently
learned that he had saved many of their friends as a defender of the
poor in court cases against rich Filipinos and Spaniards. The bandits
apologized to Bautista and set him free.
Background of the Author:
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
Bautista, who was arrested and jailed at the outbreak of the
Revolution, was the one who authored the "Act of Declaration of
Philippine Independence"
He was also the one who read the declaration during the June
12, 1898 Independence proclamation by General Aguinaldo in
Kawit, Cavite.
Background of the Author:
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
Bautista patterned the act on the American declaration of
Independence, which was signed by 98 persons, among them an
American army officer who witnessed the proclamation.
Bautista, who also served as solicitor general of the
revolutionary government. He died of a fatal fall from a horse-
drawn carriage on December 4, 1903, at the age of 72
Restating the Era of Spanish
Domination
·Magellan's arrived on the Philippine Islands Ferdinand Magellan
who landed on the shores of Cebu and occupied said Island by
means of a Pact of Friendship with Chief Tupas.
Was later killed after being provoked to a fight by Chief Kalipulako
Chief Kalipulako of Mactan who suspected his evil designs, landed
on the Island of Bohol by entering also into a Blood Compact with its
Chief Sikatuna, with the purpose of later taking by force the Island
of Cebu, and because his successor Tupas did not allow him to
occupy it, he went to Manila
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
The Philippine Declaration of Independence (Spanish:
Acta de la proclamación de independencia del pueblo
Filipino
The Philippine Declaration of Independence (Spanish:
Acta de la proclamación de independencia del pueblo
Filipino
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
(sewn in Hong Kong by
Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo,
and Delfina Herboza)
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
playing of the Marcha
Filipina Magdalo
(composed by Prof.
Julian Felipe)
by the San Francisco de
Malabon Marching Band
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
Marcha Filipina Magdalo
Marcha National Filipina
Lupang hinirang
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
This would eventually become
the Philippine National
Anthem, the Lupang Hinirang
(lyrics composed by Prof. Jose
I. Palma).
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of the Philippine
revolutionary forces, was in exile in Hong Kong
after signing the Pact of Biak-na-Bato with Spain
in December 1897. Establishment of Biak-na-
Bato Republic Emilio Aguinaldo has been
crowned as the President of the Biak na Bato
Republic under the governance of Governor
Fernando Primo de Rivera.
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
In 1897 start the war between Spanish and
American
(SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR)
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
Don Emilio Aguinaldo help American to fight
against Spanish by biak na bato fund to buy
equipments against Spanish troops.
Don Emilio Aguinaldo returned in order to
initiate a new revolution and no sooner had he
given the order to rise on the 31st of last
month when several towns anticipating the
revolution, rose in revolt on the 28th, such
that a Spanish contingent of 178 men,
between Imus and Cavite-Viejo, under the
command of a major of the Marine Infantry
capitulated
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
• First movement started on August 28, 1896 on Imus and
Cavite-Viejo which was won by the Filipinos and spread
throughout Bataan, Pampanga, Batangas, Bulacan, Laguna and
Morong afterwards; and later on, Manila has been once taken
control of the Filipinos with the aid of the Americans.
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
The document declares the independence of the Filipino people
from Spain. It lists down the abuses of the Spanish colonial
regime starting from the time of the arrival of Ferdinand
Magellan in 1531.
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
Unfortunately, the Declaration was
recognized by neither the United States nor
Spain because Spain had ceded the
Philippines to the United States through
the Treaty of Paris. The Philippines would
be a colony of the United States and of
Japan, and was eventually granted
independence on July 4, 1946.
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
• Emilio Aguinaldo's declaration of Philippine
Independence was recognized by neither Spain nor
the United States. It was only in 1964 when
President Diosdado P. Macapagal signed Republic
Act 4166 designating June 12 as Philippine
Independence Day that the country began to celebrate
Independence Day on June 12. It used to be
celebrated on July 4. (Guillermo,2015).
Summary of the History Background of Act of
Declaration of the Philippine Independence
• Emilio Aguinaldo's declaration of Philippine Independence was
recognized by neither Spain nor the United States. It was only
in 1964 when President Diosdado P. Macapagal signed Republic
Act 4166 designating June 12 as Philippine Independence Day
that the country began to celebrate Independence Day on June
12. It used to be celebrated on July 4. (Guillermo,2015).
• After suffering from the Spanish government and friar's
mistreatment and the sacrifices and loss of brave countrymen
like Dr. Jose Rizal and the three Filipino priests known as the
GomBurZa, the revolutionaries sought to reclaim their country
for the people.
(GOMBURZA)
·Don Mariano Gomez
·Doctor Don Jose Burgos
·Don Jacinto Zamora
·Royal Orders that directed that the parishes under them within
the jurisdiction of this Bishopric be turned over to the Recollects
in exchange for those controlled by them in Mindanao which
were to be transferred to the Jesuits, thus revoking them
completely and ordering the return of those parishes, all of
which proceedings are on file with the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs to which they are sent last month of last year for the
issuance of the proper Royal Degree which, in turn, caused the
growth of the tree of liberty in this our dear land that grew
more and more through the iniquitous measures of oppression,
until the last drop from our chalice of suffering having been
drained, the first spark of revolution broke out in Caloocan,
spread out to Santa mesa and continued its course to the
adjoining regions of the province where the unequalled heroism
of its inhabitants fought a one sided battle against superior
forces of General Blanco and General Polavieja for a period of
three months, without proper arms nor ammunitions, except
bolos, pointed bamboos, and arrows.
Content and Analysis
Accordingly, General Aguinaldo thought that it was necessary
to declare the independence of the Philippines to inspire the
people to fight more eagerly against the Spaniards. The
declaration of independence would also lead foreign countries to
recognize the independence of the country.
“It was results unanimously that this Nation, already free
and independent as of this day, must use the same flag which up
to now is being used, who’s designed and colored are found
described in the attached drawing;
Content and Analysis
• The white triangle - signifies the distinctive emblem of
the famous Society of the "Katipunan" which by means of
its blood compact inspired the masses to rise in revolution.
• The three stars - signifies the three principal Islands of
these Archipelago - Luzon, Mindanao, and Panay where
the revolutionary movement started.
• The sun - represents the gigantic step made by the son of
the country along the path of Progress and Civilization
Content and Analysis
· The eight rays - signifies the eight provinces - Manila,
Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna,
and Batangas - which declares themselves in a state of war as
soon as the first revolt was initiated
· The colors of Blue, Red, and White - commemorating the
flag of the United States of America, as a manifestation of
our profound gratitude towards this Great Nation for its
disinterested protection which it lent us and continues lending
us.
Maraming
Salamat!
