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Arts
Quarter 1 – Module 1b
Western Classical Art Tradition
Architecture
MAPEH – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1b: Western Classical Art Tradition- ArchitectureFirst
Edition, 2020

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Aljame T. Landiza

Editors: Mary Rose G. Acupanda Mayflor Olarte-Abuso
Jomar S.Quibot
Reviewer: Mayflor Olarte-Abuso
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed. D. Elmar L. Cabrera
Jenith C. Cabajon

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
 What I Need to Know

The ancient Greek and Roman art particularly architecture, influenced the
culture of many nations. Greek art style was a taste of Western realism or
naturalism. Their art has a conservative form with a very complex detail. The Roman
Empire derived its art from Greek models. Roman artist tried to reproduce the world
around them as realistically as they could. Their architecture was designed to reflect
the power of the city and to create in all people an awe of its imperial power.

In this module you will learn how the Ancient, Classical and Medieval
architecture influenced and contributed in the development of the architecture in our
world today.

LEARNING COMPETENCY:

 Compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the different

art periods.
A9PL-Ih-4
 Creates artworks guided by techniques and styles of Western
Classical art traditions.
A9PR-Ic-e-1
 Applies different media techniques and processes to communicate
ideas, experiences, and stories.
A9PR-Ic-e-3
 Shows the influence of the Western Classical art traditions to
Philippine art form.
A9PR-1f

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

 Categorize the artworks from various art periods based on

character and principles;
 Create artworks by applying techniques and styles of Western
Classical art traditions; and
 Reflect on the influences of the Western Classical art traditions
to Philippine art form.

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 What I Know

Using your Arts activity notebook, write your answers of the given questions
below.

1. Are you familiar with this three architectural style?

Taken from ARTS 9 Learner’s Manual Draft 4.7.2014. P. 166

2. Where in your locality have you seen this? Which of the three pillars is more
popular?

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 What’s In

Describe in one word each of the pictures of architectural designs from Ancient,
Classical and Medieval architecture. Write your answers in your Arts activity
notebook.

Classical architecture Medieval architecture Ancient architecture

Images taken from: Arts 9 Learner’s Manual Draft. 4.7.2014. pp. 163, 167, & 169.

1. 2. 3.

What’s New

What are the distinctive characteristics of Ancient, Classical, and Medieval period
architecture?

What can you say about the architecture from early age to Philippine architecture?

Can you still see architectural styles of ancient period at this time? Support your answer?

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 What is It

Architecture from the Early Age

http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/17/bf/d9/carnac.jpg

Prehistoric Architecture

Man has developed a form of architecture based on megaliths (a big rock)

from the Greek word lithos (stone) and megas (big). This architecture is made
of huge stone blocks which were Megalithic
probably intended for always
monuments have burial.
ignited man’s
imagination. It provided plenty of legends and superstition. During this era,stones
and rocks were associated withdivinity.

Three main types of megalith stones:

1. Menhir: a huge stone standing vertically on the ground, usually standing in the
middle of the field or arranged in rows.

http://www.timeforlearning.net/wpcontent/uploads/2013/07/Sto nehenge2.jpg

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2. Dolmens: the word dolmen originatedfrom the expression taolmaen, which means
“stone table”. These structures are in a form of table consisting of two huge
standing stones supporting a horizontal giant stone. It is believed that it
served as grave or as an altar.

http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJke
zWolRS90YAGIKJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTFxa29hNzk3BHNlYwNz
cgRzbGsDaW1nBG9pZAMzZTVkMGQ3N2M5OGFjn

3. Cromlech: a Brythonic word where “crom” means bent or curved and “llech” which
means slab or flagstones. Literary it is a circle of standing
stones.Stonehenge: best preserved megalithic site in Europe, a group of
stones arrangedin concentric circles, with a large externalcircle of triliths
(Greek word meaningthree stones) , two internal circles built ina similar
manner and altar shape stone inthe center. It is a temple where ritualswere
held. The structure and themovement of the sun in the sky
has arelationship in terms of identifying thechange of the seasons which
helped theprimitive man on their rituals and on theiragricultural practices

Egyptian Architecture

This architectural style was developed during the pre-dynastic period 4,000BC.

Characteristics of Egyptian Architecture:

1. The structure has thick sloping walls with few openings to obtain stability.
2. The exterior and interior walls along with columns and piers were covered with
hieroglyphics and pictorial frescoes and carvings painted in brilliant colors.
3. Ornamentation were symbolic including scarab (sacred beetle), solar disk and
vulture, common motifs (palm leaves, buds, flower of lotus, and papyrus plants)
4. Temples were aligned with astronomically significant events like solstices (comes
from the Latin word Sol, meaning sun and stitium meaning stoppage, as the sun
appears to stand still on the first day of winter) and equinox (a time or date when
day and night are of equal length) with precise measurements required in
determining the moment of that particular event.

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 Pyramids of Giza

https://bit.ly/3jnuPiC

It is the most substantial ancient structure of the world. The three pyramids are
the funerary structures of the three kings of the fourth dynasty (2575 to 2465 BC)
namely: Khufu (Cheops) whom the Great Pyramid was attributed to; Khafa (Chepren)
whom the pyramid next to the Great Pyramid is attributed; and the smallest is attributed
to Menkaura (Mycerinus). These pyramids were made highly confusing and with many
tunnels to create confusion for grave rubbers.
Egyptian Temples were built to serve as places of residence for the gods.
They also served as key centers for economic activity. Ancient temples were made of
perishables materials like wood, reed matting and mud brick. Their walls were covered
with scenes that were carved onto the stone then brightly painted.Pharaoh fighting in the
battles and performing rituals with the gods were the scenes found on the walls.

Mastaba

Image taken from ARTS 9 Learner’s Manual Draft. 4.7.2014 P. 166

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 It is a type of Egyptian tomb in the form of a flat roofed, rectangular structure
with outward sloping sides. It was made of mud-bricks or stone.

Greek Architecture
Temples consisted of a central shrine or room in an aisle surrounded by
rows of columns. These buildings were designed in one of three architectural
style or orders:

DORIC IONIC CORINTHIAN

Image taken from ARTS 9 Learner’s Manual Draft. 4.7.2014. P. 166

The Parthenon

Image taken from ARTS 9 Learner’s Manual Draft. 4.7.2014. P. 166

447-432 BC, Athens The Greatest Classical temple, ingeniously engineered

to correct an optical illusion. The columns were slightly contorted, swollen at the
center and leaning inward to correct what would otherwise have been an
impression of deadness and top heaviness.

Roman Architecture

They built sturdy stone structures both for use and to perpetuate their
glory. The emperors erected huge halls and arenas for public games, baths and
procession. They built them of gigantic arches of stone, bricks and concrete or
with barrel vaults.
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 The Colosseum, AD 70-82, Rome

http://www.colosseum.net/images/colosseum-entrance.jpg

Byzantine Architecture

Hagia Sophia. Istanbul, 537 BC

Picture courtesy of planetearth 1293
blog http://4.bp.blogspot.com/

It has a lot in common with the early Christian architecture.Mosaic decoration

was perfected by the Byzantines, as was the use of clerestory to bring light in from high
windows. Byzantine's advancement in developing the dome created a new style in
global architecture Hagia Sophia means “Holy Wisdom”. It narrates how a magnificent
construction transformed from being a church, into a mosque and what is now known
as the Hagia Sophia museum. One of the biggest domes ever created with 108 feet in
diameter and because of its grand size it can still be seen from miles away.
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Romanesque Architecture

The doorways of Romanesque’schurches are often grand sculptured

portals. Wood or metal doors are surroundedby elaborate stone sculpture arranged
in zones to fit architectural elements

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Worcester
_cathedral_031_crop.JPG/165px-Worcester_cathedral_031_crop.JPG

The groin-vaulted crypt of WorcesterCathedral

Romanesque architecture displayed solidmasonry walls,

rounded arches and masonry vaults. It is theperiod of great building activities
in Europe, castles, churches, monasteries arose everywhere.

Gothic Architecture
This design included two new devices: pointed arch which enabled builders to
construct much higher ceiling vaults and stone vaulting borne on a network of stone
ribs supported by piers and clustered pillars.

Cathedral of Chartres,also known as the

Notre dame Cathedral (1145-1260)

Image taken from ARTS 9 Learner’s Manual Draft. 4.7.2014 . P. 169

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 What’s More

DIRECTION: Name the picture according to the period or era it represents. Write
your answer in your arts activity notebook.

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 What I Have Learned

Think of three things you have learned from this modules

1. ____________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________

What I Can Do

My Dream House!
DIRECTIONS: Pretend that you exist in the ancient times. Build a house that is
inspired by the technique and style of ancient architecture. Use a
short bond paper for your output and paste it in your Arts activity
notebook. Be guided by the rubrics found in the answer key section.

Art title:
MY DREAM HOUSE

Rubrics
Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
Excellent Very Good Good Fair Poor
Composition and design:
- Shows the theme and motifs of medieval
stained glass.
Process:
- Follows the instruction in doing the activity
- Maintains cleanliness in the working area
Materials used:
- Used proper materials and tools prescribed in
the activity
Overall look of the artwork:
-depicts a medieval look on the stained glass
Total

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 Assessment

Direction: Identify what art period is being described. Write (Greek) if the
statement describes the Greek Architecture and write (Roman) if the
statement describes the Roman Architecture. Write your answers in
your Arts activity notebook.

1. They built sturdy stone structures both for use and to perpetuate their
glory.
2. This architecture is made of huge stone blocks which were probably
intended for burial.
3. They built temples to serve as places of residence for the gods. This
ancient temples were made of perishables materials like wood, reed
matting and mud brick.
4. Their buildings were designed in one of three architectural style or
orders: the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.
5. This period has advancement in developing the dome; created a new
style in global architecture like Hagia Sophia.

Additional Activities

Observe in your own community how Western Classical architecture influenced

establishment or buildings.

Answer Key

What I know ANSWERS MAY VARY

What’s in ANSWERS MAY VARY
What’s new ANSWERS MAY VARY

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 5. Byzantine 7. Greek
4. Greek 6. Romanesque
3. Egyptian 5. Egypt
2. Prehistoric 4. Gothic
1. Roman 3. Byzantine
Assessment 2. Prehistoric
Answers may vary 1. Roman
What I have learned What’s more

References

Badiola, M.G., Vecino, M.A., Duyan, D., Bongcawil, A.M., Mendoza, J., Bustillo,
G.J., Pambuan, A.S., and Siobal. L.. A Journey through Western Music and
Arts – grade 9 Learner’s Material. Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc.
Department of education. 2014.

http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJkezWolRS90YAGIKJzbkF;_yl
u=X3oDMTFxa29hNzk3BHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDaW1nBG9pZAMzZTVkMGQ3N2M5OG
Fjn
http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/17/bf/d9/carnac.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Worcester_cathedral_031
_crop.JPG/165px-Worcester_cathedral_031_crop.JPG
http://www.timeforlearning.net/wpcontent/uploads/2013/07/Stonehenge2.jpg
http://www.colosseum.net/images/colosseum-entrance.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/
https://bit.ly/3jnuPiC

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net