Name: Khamile Campbell
Date: October 4,2013
School: Happy Grove High School
Territory: Jamaica
Registration number:
Teacher: Miss Gould
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Table of contents
Headings number
Topic 3
Aim 4
Rational 5
Method of investigation 6
Justification 7
Procedure 8
Representation of data 9--16
Interpretation of data 17
Findings 18
Recommendations 19
Implementation 20
Questionnaire 21
Bibliography 22
Topic
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What are the
Causes
And
Effects of
Water shortage in
My
Community?
Aim
1. To find out the causes of water shortage in the community of Long Road.
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2. To find out the effects of water shortage in the community of Long Road.
3. To find out what can be down to reduce the problem of water shortage in my community.
Method
Of
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Investigation
The method of investigation used was questionnaire with all the questions needed to carry out
the aim.
Justification
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Requires little of no time to complete
It can be done at the convenience of the person required to have it completed
Procedure
Twenty One (21) copies of a questionnaire were made asking about the causes and effects of
water shortage within the community of Long Road. Then I handed out twenty (20) copies to the
residents in my community to fill out on March 29th and was collected back on march 30th and
keep one (1) copy for myself.
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Rationale
The reason why I choose water shortage is because of the loc of support we got from the N.W.C
on fixing the damaged pumps and pipes within my community.
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presentation of data
Figure 1
60%
50%
40%
Responces
30%
20%
10%
0%
Under 1 Year 1-5 Years 6-10 Years Over 10 Years
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Figure 1 shows, how long the residents has been living in Long Road. 55% of the respondents
have been living in the vicinity of Long Road for 1-5 years, 20% has been in the area for 6-10
years, 15% has been there under a year and 10% has been there over a decade.
Figure 2
No; 25%
Yes
No
Yes ; 75%
Figure 2 shows, do you think the NWC is aware of the water shortage. 75% of the respondents
think that the NWC knows about the water problem and 25% thinks the NWC doesn`t know.
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Figure 3
Yes; 20%
Yes
No
No; 80%
Figure 3 is showing if the NWC did anything to solve the problem. 80% of the respondents say
that the NWC tried to solve the water problem and 20% say the NWC did nothing to solve the
water problem.
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Figure 4
24 Hours
12 Hours
8 Hours
6 Hours
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%
Figure 4 shows how much hours per day the residents are supplied with water.45% of the
respondents got water for 12 hours per day, while another 30% got for the whole day, 15% got
for 8 hours and 10% got for 6 hours. This goes to show that the NWC isn’t doing a bad job with
the water supply, but the NWC still needs to improve the supply to 100% to all residents all day.
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Figure
5
40%
30%
20%
10% Responces
0%
or
k k e ol
t Sic c Us
cho
W
for Ge es
ti
of
S
te m t
La Do Ou
or ed
erF ock
at L
W
k of
c
La
Figure 5 shows the possible effects of the water shortage within the community. 40% has no
water for domestic use, 35% gets locked out of school for being late, 25% gets sick and 0% is
late for work. The NWC and/ the government has to do something about the water shortage to
stop the effects especially the effect of GET SICK as health is our main priority.
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Figure 6
10%
50% Reserviors
Tanks
40% Water Trucks
Figure 6 is showing where the residents get their water in case of water shortage.50% of the
respondents turn to reservoirs, 40% has tanks and 10% buy from water trucks. After the residents
collect their water they would have to store it and sometimes the container may contain some
tiny particles which pollutes the water and may cause the people to get SICK. Reservoirs may
also contain water born diseases such as TYPHOID which poses another health risk.
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Figure 7
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Responces
Figure 7 is showing if the National Water Commission (NWC) did anything to solve the
problem. 50%try to fix pipes and pumps themselves, 25% contact the NWC, another 25% do
nothing and 0% demonstrate/protest.
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Figure 8
70%
60%
50%
40% Responces
30%
20%
10%
0%
Natural Causes Residents
Figure 8 shows what may cause the water shortage.60% of the respondents blame residents, 40%
blame natural causes.
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Interpretation of data
Water supply and sanitation in Jamaica is characterized by high levels of access to
an improved water source, while access to adequate sanitation stands at only 80%. This situation
affects especially the poor, including the urban poor many of which live in the countries over
595 unplanned squatter settlements in unhealthy and unsanitary environments with a high risk
of waterborne disease.
Despite a number of policy papers that were mainly focused on water supply and despite
various projects funded by external donors, increases in access have remained limited (1% for
water and 5% for sanitation between 1990 and 2004). The responsibility for water and sanitation
policies within the government rests with the Ministry of Water and Housing, and the main
service provider is the National Water Commission. An autonomous regulatory agency, the
Office of Utilities Regulation, approves tariffs and establishes targets for efficiency increases.
Many homes receive water only at low pressure. Many rural communities receive water that
is not or only irregularly chlorinated. According to the 2011 Population and Housing Census, 69
percent of Jamaica's households receive untreated drinking water.
The following table summarizes the results of the water tested from the 11 major surface
sources and 6 wells of the National Water Commission (NWC) as compared to the standards set
by the Ministry of Health (MOH).
The National Water Commission (NWC), which produces more than 90% of Jamaica's
total potable water supply, operates a network of more than 160 wells, over 116 river sources
(via water treatment plants) and 147 springs. The various Parish Councils and a small number of
private water companies supply the rest of the potable water. The NWC operates more than
1,000 water supply and over 100 sewerage facilities island wide. These vary from large raw
water storage reservoirs at Hermitage and Mona in St. Andrew and the Great River treatment
plant in St. James, to medium sized and small diesel-driven pumping installations serving rural
towns and villages across Jamaica. The NWC facilities also include over 4,000 kilometres of
pipelines and more than 500 kilometres of sewer mains across the island. NWC supplies some
190 million gallons of potable water each day.
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Figure 8 also shows what may cause the water shortage. 60% of the respondents blame
residents, 40% blame natural causes.
Figure 5 is showing the possible effects of water shortage. 40% has no water for domestic
use, 35% gets locked out of school for being late, 25% gets sick and 0% is late for work. The
NWC and/ the government has to do something about the water shortage to stop the effects
especially the effect of GET SICK as health is our main priority. 50% of the respondents turn to
reservoirs, 40% has tanks and 10% buy from water trucks. After the residents collect their water
they would have to store it and sometimes the container may contain some tiny particles which
pollutes the water and may cause the people to get SICK. Reservoirs may also contain water
born diseases such as TYPHOID which poses another health risk.
Figure 7 is showing what the residents try to do to solve the water problem. 50%try to fix
pipes and pumps themselves, 25% contact the NWC, another 25% do nothing and 0%
demonstrate/protest
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Findings
1. The government and/or the NWC should try as best to eliminate the effects of the water
problem.
2. The NWC isn`t doing a bad job with the water supply.
3. Residents turn to water trucks, tanks and reservoirs when there is no water.
Recommendations
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1. The researcher strongly suggests that the government or the NWC teach the residents
conservation practices.
2. The government and/or the NWC should send someone to teach the residents water
cleansing practices.
3. Finally the NWC and/or the government should test the reservoirs for any diseases.
Implementation
The residents should send a letter to the NWC asking them to come and test the reservoirs for
any water born diseases in order to eliminate the threat of contracting water born disease.
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Bibliography
Modules in social studies
Ampersand Ramsawak and Ralph Urawa
PUBLISH IN: 2005
SOCIAL STUDIES FOR THE CARIBBEAN CXC CORE UNIT
JEANETTE GENTLES AND MAROLYN OTTLEY
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PUBLISH IN: 1990
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