“The Study on How Modular Learning Changes the Academic

Performance of Southwestern University PHINMA Senior Highschool

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Presented in this chapter are a variety of literatures gathered from online journals, books, and articles
used by the researchers who was seeking of this paper as a guide in order to obtain accurate studies of
our qualitative research. This area of Literature helped on creating a deeper and broader understanding
to the researchers of the research topic presented.

Quality of using a new learning system: Modular Learning

Modular Learning is a type of learning where the lessons are divided into various parts with the goal of

improving the understanding of the students on their studies which lessens their workload . According to

Hornby, as cited in Yoseph and Mekuwanint (2015) and Malik (2012), module is a unit of work in a course

of instruction that is virtually self-contained and a method of teaching that is based on the building up of

skills and knowledge in discrete units. As the modular learning is opposed to the traditional learning,

modular learning makes the students’ learning even more flexible than it should be as it gives them a

greater range of entry and exit points (Ali et al., 2010). With its new system of learning, it exercises

students to become competent and independent in their studies. In this learning, the students are

encouraged to learn on their own time. Which can develop their self-study skills. They gain a sense of

accountability by accomplishing the module's duties. Enhancing learning on their own, with little or no

assistance from others (Vallespin, 2021)

Modular Learning: Student’s academic performance

Students using the modular learning approach significantly increased the academic performance of the

students. It also exhibited that from the different learning areas such as Mathematics, Science and

English rational improvements in the academic performance of the students who used the modular

learning approach (Betlen, 2021). This mode of learning becomes accessible to more learners. Modular

Learning was seen to be most preferred by families, for a reason that it is cost-efficient or families would

save much (Janina Molina Dargo and Michelle Dimas, 2021 ). These changing learning environments are
affecting the constructs of student behavioral engagement in the online environment and require scrutiny

to determine how to facilitate better student learning outcomes. (Gale, 2023). Some students don’t

answer it wholeheartedly and some also tend to copy answers from others (HelplinePH, 2020)

Review Related Study

Dargo and Dimas (2021) "Modular Distance Learning: Its Effect in the Academic Performance of Learners

in the New Normal”, Questions the academic performance of learners before and after modular distance

learning. Emphasizes on what Is the significant difference in the academic performance of learners in the

usage of modular distance learning. It lets you know, what is the effect of modular distance learning on

the academic performance of learners as perceived by:

(a) Learners; (b) Parents; and (c) Teachers And proposes interventions to improve the academic

performance of learners in the new normal.

Aksan, J. A. (2021) "Effect of Modular Distance Learning Approach to Academic Performance in

Mathematics of Students in Mindanao State University-Sulu Senior High School Amidst COVID-19

Pandemic." ascertains the students' perceptions of the modular distance learning approach (MDLA) in

mathematics, identify the students' challenges, examine the impact of MDLA on students' academic

performance in mathematics, ascertain the level of students' academic performance, ascertain the

significant difference on perceptions when they were grouped according to their gender and age, and

ascertain the relationship of students' perceptions to their academic performance.

Abude, A. J. (2021) " The Effectiveness of Modular Distance Learning Modality to the Academic

Performance of Students: A Literature Review", determines the effectiveness of a modular distance

learning modality on student academic performance after more than a year of implementation. This paper

reviewed several articles that discussed the role of modular distance learning modality in student

performance, the positive and negative effects of MDL, and parent perceptions of MDL implementation.
Hamdan and Amorri "The Impact of Online Learning Strategies on Students’ Academic Performance",

investigates and evaluates the impact of online teaching and learning on students' academic

achievement, taking into account the adoption of students' research strategies, the focus of the students'

primary source of information, viz. They consult the library online and collaborate with their peers. The

study's findings show to what extent students' online learning has or has not led to any notable

improvements in their academic achievements and, whether or not, any significant changes in their e-

learning competence.

Gopal, Singh & Aggarwal "Impact of online classes on the satisfaction and performance of students

during the pandemic period of COVID 19", identifies the factors influencing students' satisfaction and

performance in online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic period, as well as the relationship between

these variables. The findings indicate that the four independent factors used in the study, viz. The quality

of the instructor, course design, prompt feedback, and student expectations all have a positive impact on

student satisfaction, which in turn has a positive impact on student performance.

Locion, Sison, Suarez, de Jesus, Pelande, and Uy "The Academic Experiences of Senior High School

Students in the Midst of Pandemic", investigates students' struggles with the new learning modality

introduced as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It presents and discusses the researchers' findings and

methods for examining information obtained from personal interviews - phenomenological study via

"thematic analysis" (Sutton & Austin, 2015). As a result, the responses show how STEM students deal

with the pandemic and the challenges it brings, as well as the various challenges and struggles they

faced with the new learning modality and how this affected their performance. This study also aims to

convey to all students that they are not alone in this fight.
Al-Hashmi "A Study on the Impact of the Sudden Change to Online Education on the Motivation of Higher

Education Students" investigates What motivation changes do the sample students perceive during ERT.

It identifies What academic extrinsic factors affect the sample students‟ motivation in ERT and What non-

academic extrinsic factors affect the sample students‟ motivation in ERT. Discusses How students

perceive the differences and similarities between ERT and on-campus education. And lastly it questions,

what can be learned from the changes in students‟ motivation during ERT that will be useful to HEI

teachers and administrators.

Synthesis:

Research focusing on How Modular Learning Changes the Academic Performance of Students, has been

done time and time again ever since the epidemic changes how we practice education. However, there

hasn’t been a study that strictly focuses on How Modular Learning Changes the Academic Performance

of Southwestern University PHINMA Senior Highschool Students. Dargo and Dimas (2021), focuses in

the before and after of Modular Distance Learning (MDL), Aksan, J. A. (2021) focuses on the students

take of MDL in Mathematics, challenges they encounter and how it affects their performance in

mathematics. Abude, A. J. (2021) focuses on the effectiveness of MDL in their students’ academic

performance. Hamdan and Amorri (2022) focuses on the student’s academic achievements. Gopal, Singh

& Aggarwal (2021) focus on identifying the factors that may have influenced their students’ performance

during the pandemic. Locion, Sison, Suarez, de Jesus, Pelande, and Uy (2022) focus on investigating the

struggles that come with the MDL. Al-Hashmi (2021) it focuses on what motivation changes do to the

sample students. Due to the mass more concern about how the epidemic is affecting everyone, most

studies conducted in the same/similar topic usually generalize or specifies. In this case, we are specifying

specifically on How Modular Learning Changes the Academic Performance of Southwestern University

PHINMA Senior Highschool Students.