POLICING SYSTEM

PHILIPPINES UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
The Philippine National Police (PNP) was born out of the Philippine Slavery existed in colonial America during much of the history of police.
Constabulary (PC), an island-based police organization founded on The first unofficial police force in America was slave patrols, which were
August 8th, 1901, by the American administration (PNP). On August 8, tasked with catching runaway slaves and returning them to their owners
1975, Presidential Decree No. 765 established the Philippine Constabulary in the South, where slavery was essential to the economy. Slave patrols
Integrated National Police (PC/INP) as the country's primary police force. were particularly harsh in the methods they seized runaway slaves and
The basis of a national police force that brought together these different punished them for their daring escapes, given that slavery itself was one
and dispersed local police organizations was the Philippine Constabulary. of the most heinous mis treatment of humans in human history.

Republic Act No. 6975, "An Act Establishing the Philippine National Slave patrols made sure that the owners of southern plantations could
Police under a Reorganized Department of the Interior and Local frighten and put down any insurrections or revolts, which were a
Government," was passed in 1986 following the People's Revolution and continual threat to their economic status quo. These affluent plantation
established the PNP as "national in scope and civilian in nature." owners defended the rights of the slave catchers in exchange for their
government (DILG)" was enacted on January 1, 1991, after being signed protection. Because of this technique, a social hierarchy was established,
into law on December 13, 1990. The PNP then started operations on with affluent landowners at the top, slave patrols dividing the rich from
January 29, 1991, with personnel drawn from the local government units. the poor, and slaves at the bottom.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

 MISSION Mission
UCSF Police Department's overriding mission is to enhance the safety
The PNP shall enforce the law, prevent and control crimes, maintain and quality of life for students, faculty and staff across the UCSF system.
peace and order, and ensure public safety and internal security with the By working in partnership with the community, UCSF PD strives to
active support of the community. promote public safety and crime prevention through education and
enforcement; to maintain public order while preserving the legal rights
of all individuals; to provide efficient and courteous service; and to
VISION reduce the impact of crime.
 The Men and Women of the PNP is committed to a vision of a
professional, dynamic and highly motivated Philippine National Police Vision
working in partnership with a responsive community towards the The UCSF Police Department strives to provide a crime-free and safe
attainment of a safe place to live, work, invest and do business. environment through strategic policing, integrity, respect and strong
community partnerships. UCSF PD willingly accepts this responsibility
Objective; and holds itself accountable for its accomplishment.

1. law Enforcement. Objective;

2. Maintain peace and order.
3. Prevents and investigates crimes and bring offenders to justice.  Crime prevention and suppression
4. Exercise the vested powers from the Philippine Constitution and  Victim support and assistance
pertinent laws.  Infrastructure protection
5. Detain and arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed  Community education and awareness
by law.  Emergency preparedness
6. Implements pertinent laws and regulations on firearms and explosives  Traffic safety
control.
7. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies

SALARY SALARY

PNP Rank First 5 Maximum Basic Pay

years Longevity
Pay
Police General PHP PHP PHP
14,978 74,892 149,785
Police Lieutenant
General: PHP PHP PHP
12,557 62,767 125,574
Police Major General:
PHP PHP PHP
10,289 51,448 102,896
Police Brigadier General:
PHP PHP PHP
9,105 45,529 91,058
Police Colonel PHP PHP PHP
8,058 40,291 80,583
Police Lieutenant
Colonel PHP PHP PHP
7,131 33,096 71,313
Police Major PHP PHP PHP
6,255 31,277 62,555
Police Captain PHP PHP PHP
5,658 28,291 56,582
Police Lieutenant PHP PHP PHP
4,952 24,764 49,528
Police Executive Master
Sergeant PHP PHP PHP
3,836 19,183 38,366

Police Chief Master

Sergeant: PHP PHP PHP
3,476 17,380 34,761

Police Senior Master

Sergeant PHP PHP PHP
3,408 17,039 34,079

Police Master Sergeant

PHP PHP PHP
3,341 16705 33,411

Police Staff Sergeant

PHP PHP PHP
3,211 16,057 32,114

Police Corporal
PHP PHP PHP
3,087 15,433 30,867

Patrolman/Patrolwoman PHP PHP PHP

2,967 14,834 29,668
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA

 Equivalent rank
Insignia Rank Rank Insignia
(2019)

Chief of Police
Police Director General  Police General
(PDGEN) (P/GEN)

Assistant Chief

 Police Lieutenant
Police Deputy Director
General Deputy Chief
General (PDDG)
(PLTGEN)

Major
 Police Major
Police Director (PDIR)
General (PMGEN)
Captain

Police Chief Superintendent  Police Brigadier Lieutenant

(PC/SUPT) General (PBGEN)
Police Senior  Police Colonel Sergeant
Superintendent (PS/SUPT) (P/COL)

Private/Investigator N/A
Police Superintendent  Police Lieutenant
(PSUPT) Colonel (PLTCOL)

Police Chief Inspector  Police Major

(PC/INSP) (P/MAJ)

Police Senior Inspector  Police Captain

(PS/INSP) (P/CAPT)

 Police Lieutenant
Police Inspector (PINSP)
(P/LT)

 Police Executive
Senior Police Officer IV
Master Sergeant
(SPO4)
(PEMS)
  Police Chief
Senior Police Officer III
Master Sergeant
(SPO3)
(PCMS)

 Police Senior
Senior Police Officer II
Master Sergeant
(SPO2)
(PSMS)

Senior Police Officer I  Police Master

(SPO1) Sergeant (PMSgt.)

 Police Staff
Police Officer III (PO3)
Sergeant (PSSgt.)

 Police Corporal
Police Officer II (PO2)
(PCpl.)

 Patrolman /
Police Officer I (PO1) Patrolwoman
(Pat.)

RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

 In the U. S, each police agency sets up its own recruitment and selection
standards and procedures. However, recruitment and selection process
follow a certain sequence: receiving application, psychological
examination, background check, polygraph test, drug screening,
interview, physical agility, and medical test.

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

It is synonymous with selflessness, martyrdom, altruism, and self-denial. The U.S. Each police department establishes its own standards and
j. A special promotion, also known as a meritorious promotion, is one that procedures for hiring and selecting new officers. However, the procedure
meets the requirements outlined in this MC and is approved by the for hiring and selecting employees has a set order: application receipt,
Commission in accordance with Section 33 of RA No. 8551. psychological assessment, background check, polygraph test, drug test,
interview, physical agility test, and medical test.

RETIREMENT RETIREMENT
At age 56, PNP members are required to leave active duty (compulsory The pension benefits' main goal is to give members retirement benefits
retirement). The Commission may, however, permit the officer to so they can leave their current professions and explore new ones. The
continue serving for one (1) year if he is a police brigadier general, police strategy is to have twenty years of service and retirement at age 55.
major general, or police lieutenant general.

PHILIPPINES VICE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (USA)

 SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

PHILIPPINES USA

SIMILARITIES

DIFFERENCES DIFFERENCES

POLICING SYSTEM
INDIA COLOMBIA
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
INDIAN POLICE FORCE

British Imperial Rule in India is where the history of the Indian police Colombia struggled to define itself as a nation and through
force begins. The Civil Services and Army served as the first and second numerous political transitions in the second half of the 19th century.
pillars of British Imperial control. The Police was the third pillar. The Attempts to build a political system between federalism or
fundamental goal of British rule was to establish a framework that would centralism and other significant disagreements led to multiple civil
allow the British crown to maintain cultural hegemony (total control) over wars between the two major political groups, the Liberals and
tiny kingdoms in India. Small kingdoms had a history of constant conflict, Conservatives.
and the British took full advantage of the battling Indian populace. As a
result, the British established a force that was 100 percent loyal to them The Colombian National Police was established by Law 90 of 1888 to
(,) and served as the watchdog of Zamindars and Nizams. They were be under government orders and as a dependency of the then
referred to as DAROGA, the aim of British was to Divide and Rule. Police Ministry of Government with the intention to function as a
force was a tool for them. Gendarmerie force for Bogotá.

The Indian Council Act of 1861, issued by the British administration, laid The new organization was to consist of three companies of 300
the groundwork for the Indian Imperial Police, a modern, professionally gendarmes, each led by a captain, two lieutenants, and a second
run police force in India. In 1920, the Indian Imperial Police opened its lieutenant, under the overall command of two senior commanders.
doors to Indian citizens, and both India and England hosted the service's
entrance exam. However, Indians were not permitted to hold prominent Acting president Carlos Holguin signed into law on October 23,
posts. The underlying goals of the British government were crystal clear: 1890, the right to appoint any experienced instructors from either
to preserve dominance and to ensure that the Imperial police force the United States or Europe to set up and instruct the newly
continued to be indifferent to the needs of the Indian population. constituted National Police. The officials of Colombia chose Jean
Marie Marcelin Gilbert as their French Commissioner. The
They were not supposed to maintain law and order and to promote establishment was given legal status by the 1000 of November 5,
interest of Indian masses but to create horror of British colonial system 1891.
and drain the wealth of our country to so called “merchants of World -
The Great Britain". Roots of corruption started when British formed the The National Police initial mission was to preserve public
Police force. tranquility, protecting people and public and private properties. By
constitutional law the institution had to enforce and guarantee the
Persons with poor academic knowledge were being recruited and not even rights of the people, the constitution and its laws and obey their
trained. Officers of Indian origin also were ill-educated. Senior officers authority. Its function also included the authority to take action to
were untrained and somehow not allowed to gain sympathy of people. prevent crimes, persecute and arrest infractions. The National Police
Most disastrous was sense of responsibility. The horror and brutality of was intended to not recognize privileges or distinctions among the
Police in pre independence era is well known to each Indian who fought general population, with the only exception of international treaties
for independence of India. It is well known that crime was being managed established in the Constitution that gave immunity to members of
with the help of police.
diplomatic missions.
Imperial Police force had deep rooted corruption built in their system.
Police force was used as interface between British and local public. It will
not be an overstatement to say that police force was used as merchants of
crime over Indian public by British.
The conclusion of British to develop pre independent police force was to
create a horror in Indian masses and rule India in a divided manner, as
they want. Generally, police force corrupts, brutal to public. They used to
exercise power in a burdensome, cruel, and unjust manner and failed to
secure public confidence. Question of cordial relations with public was not
the agenda of British. They were poorly educated; training system was
defective and very poorly supervised. The very purpose of British was
fulfilled.

POST INDEPENDENCE

Imperial Police force was converted to Indian Police Services after

independence in 1947. However, as on date we still call police personnel
as (दारोगाजी या सिपाही). The fact remains that we are still living in past and
following the practices, which British developed for themselves using the
police force for their benefit. It is imperative that Police act as a Law
enforcing agency. We must understand that Police is an integral part of
the present-day society. We cannot live and progress without an effective,
sincere and honest police force. The Indian police has its roots deeps in
the ancient period and the present-day police are the outcome of an
evolutionary process. The bad things which it has inherited from the old
system include corruption among policemen today. Corruption has
infected every sphere of modern life. It has vitiated the moral values of the
society and the police force is not an exception. “THE BRITISH
ELEMENT IS GONE, BUT THEY HAVE LEFT THE MISCHIEF BEHIND.
INDIA WILL NOT BE WORTH LIVING.”
Even today, Police force is not well educated and trained like Army. The
fundamentals of Police Act. should be to support public, prevent crime,
develop good rapport with public and help public. Police Force must have
respect in public. They should be well paid, well trained and well
equipped with modern gazettes. However, the truth is far away. Police
force is the most neglected organization in India. The condition of our
Police stations, long duty hours, undefined responsibilities, diversion of
police force for unproductive work, poor wages and living conditions,
poor selection process, poor education have deformed the Police system.
Many basic privileges being enjoyed by common middle-class public are
You sent
Since the Vedic era, the State's primary role has been to defend life and
protect the people, despite the many shifts in government structure.
Criminal justice and the internal security system's structure are
intertwined with religious, ethical, and political institutions of all kinds.
Since the police are responsible for protecting the public from the dangers
of public accidents and criminal acts, the term "police" can be used to
refer to them. Ancient, Medieval, British, Pre-Independence, Post-
Independence, and Ancient times have all contributed to the development
of police forces (320-1200 A.D). To say that the Indian police force was
founded by the British is to misrepresent the country's history and the
contributions of the people who lived and worked there throughout the
colonial period. The East India Company was inspired by the Napier
police to establish a uniform police force modelled after the Irish
Constabulary. The British Indian Government established a police
commission in 1860 following the first war of the uprising in 1857.
Though the tasks of the police should be solely civil, not military, the
organisation and discipline in which they perform their duties should be
similar to those found in a military organisation, according to one of the
Commission's guidelines. We have a police system based on this charter.
With slight changes, the Police Act of 1861 established the essential
foundations of police organisation in India. As a result, police
departments at the state and local levels are distinct and have varying
levels of resources and equipment. Despite their striking resemblance in
organisational structure and operation, each state police force has its own
purpose, vision, and history. In this paper we have tried to trace the
history of police in India, theoretical perspective and evolution of the
modern police system in the world to know how it will help in police
reforms and community policing.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The National Police is the only civilian police force in Colombia.

In ancient India governance was based on Dharma and Danda. The force's official functions are to protect the Colombian nation,
Dandaneeti i.e., the law of punishing the evil-doer, was an important enforce the law by constitutional mandate, maintain and guarantee
character of statecraft. The general control over people was exercised the necessary conditions for public freedoms and rights and to
through the armed forces functioning under the sovereign. During ensure peaceful cohabitation among the population.
Mauryan and Gupta periods, policing was undertaken systematically.
Kautilya’s ‘Arthasastra’ describes the nature of police organisation and
their functions. Moghul period saw the growth of Fauzd

VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

VISION Mission

The leading independent think tank in India that advocates for public The Columbia Police Department will safeguard our citizens in a
policy and is committed to advancing policing via scientific inquiry. The professional and moral manner while preventing crime and
Indian Police's authoritative voice. lowering the fear of crime via collaborative problem-solving.

MISSION Vision
Collaborating with policing organizations and academic, research, The Columbia Police Department will be a skilled, innovative,
training, and scientific institutes. and professional agency renowned for finding, hiring, and
Increasing adherence to the essential values and principles of justice, growing a top-notch staff that reflects the principles and diversity
honesty, and the rule of law, which ought to direct police conduct on a of the City of Columbia via our unwavering dedication to police
daily basis. excellence.
Supporting the development of skills and pursuit of excellence in the
Indian Police. OBJECTIVE
fostering interdisciplinary and bringing outside knowledge to policing
Supplying a relaxed setting for networking with colleagues, exchanging • Build upon our effective law enforcement tradition.
experiences, and generating ideas. • Establish partnerships to achieve a safer community.
• Use innovative technology to maximize our performance.
OBJECTIVES • Provide a rewarding work environment and invest in
• An unwavering Commitment to integrity, the rule of law, human personnel development.
rights, dignity, and respect for the Individual. • Communicate effectively, both internally and externally.
• An unrelenting pursuit of professional excellence, people-centric • Apply intelligence-led policing to deploy resources and assess
practices, good governance, transparency, and accountability. effectiveness.
• A culture of inquiry and critical thinking. • Promote accountability through geographic-based policing.
• A rejection of the ordinary and professional mediocrity. • Effectively and efficiently use our available resources.
• A willingness to examine existing assumptions.
SALARY SALARY
Ranks Salary Salary Range

The (state's name) Commissioner of Police or Director-General of Police The lowest compensation for a police officer in Colombia is
is paid 80,000 INR. 1,340,000 COP, and the maximum income is 4,620,000 COP
(maximum salary).
(Consolidated), and no grade is given.
Additional Director General of Police or Special Commissioner of Police Median Salary
salary ranges from 37,400 to 67,000 INR, plus a 12,000 INR grade pay.
Inspector-General of Police/Joint Commissioner of Police 37,400- A police officer's median monthly pay is 3,140,000 COP, which
67,000 INR along with grade pay of 10,000 INR. means that 50% of those employed as police officers make less than
this amount while the other 50% make more. The middle wage value
The state government has designated the deputy inspector general of is represented by the median. In general, you would want to be in the
police as the additional commissioner of police, with a salary range of group earning more than the median pay on the right side of the
37,400–67,000 INR and a grade pay of 8,900 INR. graph.

Senior Superintendent of Police, with a salary range of 15,600–39,100 Percentiles

INR and a grade pay of 8,700 INR, is also known as Deputy
Commissioner of Police. The 25th and the 75th percentiles are two numbers that are closely
related to the median. According to the pay distribution map, 25% of
police officers make less than 2,010,000 Colombian Pesos, while
39,000 INR for Superintendent of Police or Deputy Commissioner of 75% make more than that amount. In accordance with the diagram,
Police, plus 7,600 INR in grade pay. 75% of police officers make less than 4,190,000 COP, while 25%
make more.
Under the state government, an additional superintendent of police or
additional deputy commissioner of police is paid between 15,600 and
39,00 INR with a grade salary of 6,600 INR.

Deputy Superintendent of Police also designated as Assistant

Commissioner of Police 15,600-39,100 INR along with grade pay of
5,400 INR.
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA
 Rank insignia
Director General of Police

Additional Director General of

Police

Inspector General of Police

Deputy Inspector General of Police

 Assistant Inspector General of
Police / Senior Superintendent of
Police

Superintendent of Police

Additional superintendent of
police

Deputy superintendent of police

Assistant Superintendent of Police

Assistant Superintendent of Police
Insignia Rank

GENERAL

MAYOR GENERAL

BRIGADIER GENERAL

CORONEL

TENIENTE CORONEL

MAYOR

CAPTAIN
RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES
The State Government is in charge of overseeing the state's police force.12
The head of the 12 The Police Act of 1861, Section 3.

One of the greatest employers of labor in India is the police. The State The CNP is regularly missing its recruitment targets. Recruitment
Police Forces have a little under occurs at its strongest in only five of the country’s 32 departments.
T14.49 lakhs strong, compared to the 5.28 lakhs combined strength of the The remainder of the country’s recruitment efforts are not producing
five Central Paramilitary Forces (BSF, CRPF, CISF, ITBP, and Assam the numbers that the CNP needs to provide police coverage
Rifles). Thus, there are almost 2 million police officers in the entire nationwide especially in the rural areas. The high cost of paying for
country. The three tiers of recruitment for the state police are typically the basic academy and generational trends that allegedly make
Constable, Sub-Inspector/Asst. Deputy Superintendent of Police and Sub police work less attractive reduce the effectiveness of CNP
Inspector. Additionally, there is an assistant superintendent of police level recruitment efforts. This study should clearly identify factors
of recruiting for the IPS. affecting recruitment and provide recommendations to mitigate
these.
Police Constables are hired directly since they are the lowest position in
the force. Vacancies in the other levels are filled through either direct Retention: CNP officers are retiring almost immediately after they
hiring or promotion. The Director General of Police (DGP) is in charge of reach 20 years of service. The early exit of experienced police officers
managing the state's police force and providing the state government with erodes institutional memory, deprives younger officers from
advice on topics relating to law enforcement. mentors, and generates serious attrition problems. This assessment
should identify factors influencing early retirement and provide
recommendations that reverse this trend. Part of this human
resources assessment should include a comparison of regional law
enforcement retirement systems.

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

The Central Government, in consultation with the State Governments, In Colombia, there is just one civilian police force, the National
and the Union Public Service Commission, thus sets the following Police. The force's declared duties include defending the country of
regulations in accordance with sub-rule (1) of rule 9 of the Indian Police Colombia, upholding the rule of law in accordance with the
Service (Recruitment) Rules, 1954, namely: 1. brief title The Indian Police constitution, preserving and ensuring the conditions essential for
Service (Appointment by Promotion) Regulations, 1955 may be used to securing public freedoms and rights, and promoting peaceful
refer to these rules. 2. Definitions. - 2(1) In these regulations, unless the coexistence among the populace.
situation calls for something different. -
RETIREMENT RETIREMENT
State government benefits for death or retirement. On the application of The pension system is incredibly intricate. Its unusual structure
the 5th State Pay Commission's recommendations, employees are includes two concurrent required systems, a private defined-
appended in brief. contribution plan and a public PAYG defined-benefit plan. Up to ten
years prior to retirement age, employees are permitted to alternate
West Bengal Services (Death Cum-Retirement Benefit) Rules, 1971, as between the two every five years. Employers put in 12% and they put
periodically updated.
in 4% of their pay. Since 2014, the retirement age has been 62 for
a. For pension eligibility, a minimum of 10 (ten) years of qualifying males and 57 for women, and the public retirement system does not
service are required allow for late retirement.

. b. According to a G.O., the maximum monthly pension payment was

increased from Rs. 11,200 to Rs. 35,000 with effect from April 1, 2008.
No. 201-F(Pen) from February 25, 2009

. c. The minimum family pension is increased to Rs. 3300 per month.

from Rs. 1300 as of April 1, 2008

d. Calculation of pension: Subject to completion of 20 years of qualifying

service, 50% of final pay drawn (pay in the PB + GP) is receivable as
pension. If the amount of qualifying service is less than 20 years, the
pension will be decreased pro rata.

Household pension:
Up until death or remarriage, the normal rate is -30% of the latest pay
draw.
In the event of death following retirement, the pensioner will receive an
enhanced rate that is double the regular rate but not greater than their
maximum pension, subject to a minimum of Rs. 3300/- from the date
that follows the date of their death for a period of 7 years or 67 years,
whichever comes first.

50% of last pay (pay in the pay band plus grade pay), subject to a
minimum of Rs. 3300/-, starting from the day after the employee's death
date for a period of seven years, provided that seven years of qualifying
service have been completed
 INDIA VICE COLOMBIA
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

INIDA COLOMBIA
 POLICING SYSTEM
JAPAN BRAZIL
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
Toshiyoshi KAWAJI, the first Superintendent General, was The Royal Police Guard of Lisbon (Portuguese: Guarda Real de
dispatched to Europe by the Japanese government in 1872 to Polcia de Lisboa), which was founded in 1801[4] and took as its
research the police system. The Tokyo Metropolitan Police model the National Gendarmerie (French) of France, founded in
Department was founded in the Ministry of Interior in 1874 after he 1791, was the first militarized police in Portugal (while Brazil was
returned the following year. It was the first contemporary police still a colony).
force.
Japan's organization. At the time, the national government retained The Military Division of the Royal Guard Police of Rio de Janeiro
control over the police. was established in Rio de Janeiro in 1809, replacing the Royal Police
In the process of democratization of Japan after World War II, the Guard of Lisbon, which had been moved with the Portuguese Royal
Public Safety Commission system was established under the former Family to Brazil .[5
Police Act enforced in 1948. This created a structure consisting of
national and municipal police with the aim of ensuring democratic With the abdication of Emperor Pedro I in 1831, the Regency held
management and decentralization of police power. reformulations on the Brazilian Armed Forces. The Royal Guard
The democratization of the police was made possible in large part by Police of Rio de Janeiro was extinct,[6] and replaced by the
the previous Police Act. It did, however, have institutional flaws like Municipal Guard Corps of Volunteers;[7] a type of security force
the National Rural Police coexisting with several municipal police similar to the National Guard. The same law allowed each province
units. to establish its own Guard of Volunteers.
This led to a number of issues, including inefficient police force
operations, low cost-effectiveness as a result of geographic division Pedro I passed away in Portugal in 1834, which lessened Brazil's
of the police units, and a hazy line between the national government concern of a reunification of the kingdoms. The Province Police
and municipal police forces in terms of ensuring public peace and Corps was subsequently established with professional soldiers,
order. replacing the Guard of Volunteers,[8] and was designed to act as a
reserve army when required.
As a result, the earlier Police Statute was completely revised into the
current act in 1954, keeping the good parts while fixing the Brazil enacted a constitution that was modeled after the one in the
institutional flaws. The result was the creation of the National Police United States, where the states enjoy significant autonomy, with the
Agency and the formation of the current police system. Proclamation of the Republic. The Corps of Police, which eventually
became smaller regional armies with infantry, cavalry, artillery, and
later even air forces, started to be governed by the states. Until the
dictatorial Getlio Vargas regime was overthrown at the end of World
War II, this threat to national security persisted.

After World War II, the Military Police took on the responsibilities of
a more "conventional" police force, comparable to a gendarmerie
under the control of the governments. [9] They strove to build
relationships with the civil society, gradually creating the structure it
has today.

You mailed
The Military Police in Brazil, usually referred to as PM or pemi, are
preventive state police forces that report to the state governments
and are tasked with upholding public order inside the States and the
Federal District (Polica Militar in Portuguese, IPA: [pulisj milita],
sometimes known as [pemi]). The Civil Police forces of the states are
in charge of conducting forensic, criminal, and detective
investigations into offenses.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The Police Act gives the national government the authority to create The two main jobs of Brazilian police are enforcing the law and
a centralized police agency to manage and oversee prefectural police upholding order. Police officers patrol the streets to safeguard
forces in regards to issues of national importance. The Act also civilians and deter crime as part of a preventive effort to keep the
grants each prefecture the power to exercise police functions within peace in Brazilian law. Criminal investigations are part of law
its borders in order to "guard the lives, bodies, and property of enforcement after an offense.
citizens" and "keep public safety and order." Public Safety
Commissions have the authority to oversee the police on an
administrative level at both the national and prefectural levels.

VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

 Mission Mission
The Japan NPO Center serves as a national infrastructure agency for
the nonprofit sector and: The mission of the Michigan Tech Department of Public Safety and
Police Services is to safeguard and support our community's efforts
works to increase the social, political, and financial foundation of to live in safety and peace, without fear, and with democratic
support for nonprofit volunteer groups in Japan; and principles applied equitably to all members.
Builds novel and creative ways of collaboration with the public and Vision
private sectors, encouraging them to participate in the creation of a
strong civil society. The Department of Public Safety and Police Services works to elevate
You mailed law enforcement to a level where our residents can live, learn, and
work with excellence.
Vision
Long-Term Goals (from Japan NPO Center Mid-term Vision 2021- Values are the core principles that guide an organization's
2025) operations. They give the fundamental framework on which
Over the following five years, we'll: management and leadership are supplied, and decisions are made.
We think that:
Actively disseminate information on local voluntary efforts both in
Japan and abroad, and provide opportunities for more people to be Every life has value.
exposed to the values expressed by NPOs, also actively introduce Democratic principles are universal.
overseas initiatives to Japan to promote more interactions, Every individual has equal and distinct worth.
Promote dialogue and partnership across geographical and thematic Law enforcement is built on the principles of ethics and integrity.
areas to facilitate solutions to complex and intertwined social issues, The secret to a calm and secure atmosphere is cooperative
Create opportunities and mechanisms for training and exchange to community relationships
increase the number of people who take the lead in civil society and
to enable sustainable organizational management,
Research and actively disseminate information on social issues and
initiatives in Japan, and make policy recommendations on
legislation and tax systems in order to create an environment that
facilitates the activities of NPOs,
Expand the network of civic activists and their supporters, both in
Japan and abroad.
Values
Japan NPO Center upholds these core values in the operation of our
organization and in the implementation of all our activities:

Always be on the side of the excluded and oppressed, and express

solidarity with them
Respect the views of the directly affected
Look into root causes and tackle larger structural issues of society
Give the highest priority to the lived realities of those on the ground
Respect diversity and minority opinions
Be transparent and accountable
Create a platform for open dialogue
SALARY SALARY
Salary Range Salary Range
Police Officer salaries in Japan range from 144,000 JPY per month Police Officer salaries in Brazil range from 2,320 BRL per month
(minimum salary) to 498,000 JPY per month (maximum salary). (minimum salary) to 8,020 BRL per month (maximum salary).

Median Salary Median Salary

The median salary is 338,000 JPY per month, which means that half The median salary is 5,450 BRL per month, which means that half
(50%) of people working as Police Officer(s) are earning less than (50%) of people working as Police Officer(s) are earning less than
338,000 JPY while the other half are earning more than 338,000 5,450 BRL while the other half are earning more than 5,450 BRL.
JPY. The median represents the middle salary value. Generally The median represents the middle salary value. Generally speaking,
speaking, you would want to be on the right side of the graph with you would want to be on the right side of the graph with the group
the group earning more than the median salary. earning more than the median salary.

Percentiles Percentiles
Closely related to the median are two values: the 25th and the 75th Closely related to the median are two values: the 25th and the 75th
percentiles. Reading from the salary distribution diagram, 25% of percentiles. Reading from the salary distribution diagram, 25% of
Police Officer(s) are earning less than 217,000 JPY while 75% of Police Officer(s) are earning less than 3,500 BRL while 75% of them
them are earning more than 217,000 JPY. Also from the diagram, are earning more than 3,500 BRL. Also from the diagram, 75% of
75% of Police Officer(s) are earning less than 451,000 JPY while 25% Police Officer(s) are earning less than 7,270 BRL while 25% are
are earning more than 451,000 JPY. earning more than 7,270 BRL.
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA

Insignia Rank

SUBTENENTE

PRIMEIRO-SERGENTO
 SEGUNDO- SERGENTO

TERCEIRO-SERGENTO

ALUNO SERGENTO

CABO

SOLDADO PRIMEIRA
CLASSE
SOLDADO SEGUNDA
CLASSE

RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

To become a police officer in Japan a person must at least be a high Donor efforts to promote reform for democratic policing are
school graduate and must pass a nation exam. Once these hampered by narrow visions of what constitutes reform and
requirements are met the person must undergo a year of training concerns about unintended consequences of their support. This
which consists of classroom, field and physical training in order to article reflects upon efforts to promote institutional changes of the
prepare them for work as an officer. police in Brazil from 1997 to 2003. It discusses the political and
administrative constraints of carrying out reform and argues that
strategies for change require broader forms of intervention than are
usually promoted by external donor agencies. The article describes
efforts to create new paradigms of police training, foster
partnerships between police and universities and civil society
organizations, and encourage previously non-existent accountability
mechanisms.
PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

law enforcement in Japan is provided mainly by the prefectural Image result for policing system in Brazilian promotion benefits
police departments under the oversight of the National Police Law enforcement and maintaining order are the two primary
Agency.[1] The National Police Agency is administered by the functions of Brazilian police units. In Brazilian Law, maintaining
National Public Safety Commission, thus ensuring that Japan's order is considered a preventive effort whereby police troopers
police are an apolitical body and free of direct central government patrol the streets to protect citizens and discourage criminal activity.
executive control. They are checked by an independent judiciary and
monitored by a free and active press.

There are two types of law enforcement officials in Japan, depending

on the underlying provision: Police officers of Prefectural Police
Departments (prescribed as Judicial police officials (司法警察職員)
under Article 189 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法,
Keiji-soshōhō)), and Special judicial police officials (特別司法警察職
員; prescribed in Article 190 of the same law), dealing with
specialized fields with high expertise
RETIREMENT RETIREMENT
In Japan, the retirement age of public employees, including police To obtain a retirement visa, you must be over age 60 and have a
officers, is 60, and most police officers serve until their retirement pension that earns at least $2,000 per month. To apply for the
age. retirement visa, you must apply at least four to eight weeks before
arriving in Brazil. You must apply through a consulate general office
or the Brazilian embassy and provide several personal documents,
including a copy of your birth certificate.

JAPAN VICE BRAZIL

SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

JAPAN BRAZIL
 POLICING SYSTEM
INDONESIA CANADA
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
 Municipal police forces were the first to be established in Canada,
Military installations or colonial police known as the veldpolitie or which was followed by the creation of provincial forces to uphold
the field’s police handled policing tasks while significant portions of federal law following confederation. The Royal Canadian Mounted
Indonesia were under Dutch colonial occupation until the 1940s. Police subsequently took on the role as a federal force and frequently
hired to patrol Provinces and Cities.
The formation of numerous military formations by the Japanese to Overview of Canadian policing: There are three levels of policing in
support their war during the Japanese occupation of World War II Canada: municipal, provincial, and federal. As a combined
brought about developments. international, federal, provincial, and municipal policing organization,
the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), Canada's national police
This resulted in the circulation of firearms to young people with
force, is exceptional in the world.
military training that were mostly seized from the Dutch armory.

The national police became an armed force following the Japanese

occupation.
In the Indonesian National Revolution against the occupying Dutch
forces, the 1946 establishment of the Indonesian police saw
participation by its units. also took part in crushing the Madiun
communist uprising of 1948. Armed Forces Chief took over
command of the police in 1966.

When the people's effort to disarm the Japanese army was

aggressively supported by the police after independence was
declared, they played a crucial part. Additionally, to improve the
Republic of Indonesia's defense.

The cops were not soldiers who had to hand over their guns to the
Allies.

The Indonesian National Police, also known as Kepolisian Negara

Republic Indonesia (POLRI), was progressively founded during the
independence movement.
The police department formally reclaimed its independence in
2000, and it is currently independent of the military.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The organization is now independent and is under the direct Policing overview: Canada has three levels of police services:
auspices of the President of Indonesia. The Indonesian National municipal, provincial, and federal. The Royal Canadian Mounted
Police is responsible for law enforcement and policing duties all over Police (RCMP), Canada's national police force, is unique in the world
Indonesia. The organization is widely known for its corruption, as a combined international, federal, provincial and municipal
violence and incompetence policing body.

VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

 Our Mission MISSION

IRIP’s primary mission is to encourage greater international Supporting police professionals through innovative and inclusive
understanding of Indonesia and Indonesians, in particular amongst police leadership to advance the safety and security of all Canadians.
Australians. We aim to raise awareness about the diversity of
Indonesian society, and about the struggles of those Indonesians VISION
who aim to achieve greater democracy, human rights, gender and
racial equality, tolerance and environmental sustainability. A leader in police excellence.
Objectives:
A primary means by which we pursue the aim education and We believe in the professionalization of policing in Canada.
awareness-raising is by publication of the magazine Inside We support today’s police professionals and help develop the police
Indonesia. We do not view education and awareness-raising as ends leaders of the future.
in themselves. IRIP’s greater aim is to encourage Australians, We broaden the body of professional knowledge in support of the
Indonesians and others to reflect on the issues confronting development of progressive, community-oriented leaders at all levels.
Indonesia, and on the Australian-Indonesian relationship, and take
action to:

promote mutual cooperation and understanding between the

peoples of Indonesia and Australia.
support the struggles of those Indonesians who are aiming to
improve their society.
promote international awareness of the issues facing the Indonesian
people today

Our Vision

All human beings have the right to live free from poverty, violence
and political oppression, gender, racial and other forms of
discrimination, and in conditions of environmental sustainability;

objective:

Many citizens of Indonesia have long struggled to achieve peace,

economic justice, human rights, equality, democracy and
environmental sustainability, often in the face of great domestic
obstacles and international isolation;
Citizens of wealthy countries like Australia have global social
responsibilities to understand and assist the struggles of those in
poorer countries;
Due to our geographic proximity, citizens of Australia have a
particular responsibility to understand and assist our Indonesian
neighbours in their struggles;
That a primary obstacle to mutual understanding and support
between the peoples of Australia and Indonesia is lack of
information and mutual understanding;
That better understanding between the two peoples is possible, and
that such understanding can assist communities and citizens to act
together to transform and improve their societies.

SALARY SALARY
Salary Range

Police Officer salaries in Indonesia range from 3,340,000 IDR per Top companies for Police Officers in Canada
month (minimum salary) to 11,500,000 IDR per month (maximum Calgary Police Service
salary). 4.0
$106,524per year
Median Salary 27 reviews
The median salary is 7,830,000 IDR per month, which means that 6 salaries reported
half (50%) of people working as Police Officer(s) are earning less York Region
than 7,830,000 IDR while the other half are earning more than 4.2
7,830,000 IDR. The median represents the middle salary value. $94,532per year
Generally speaking, you would want to be on the right side of the 75 reviews
graph with the group earning more than the median salary. 8 salaries reported
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Percentiles 3.7
Closely related to the median are two values: the 25th and the 75th $90,717per year
percentiles. Reading from the salary distribution diagram, 25% of 216 reviews
Police Officer(s) are earning less than 5,020,000 IDR while 75% of 6 salaries reported.
them are earning more than 5,020,000 IDR. Also from the diagram, Toronto Police Service
4.4
75% of Police Officer(s) are earning less than 10,500,000 IDR while
$88,507per year
25% are earning more than 10,500,000 IDR.
123 reviews
5 salaries reported
City of Calgary
4.0
$85,400per year
377 reviews
 6 salaries reported

RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA
CEREMONIAL GENERAL SENIOR JUNIOR
DRESS OFFICERS OFFICERS OFFICERS
UNIFORM 9
PDU
0

RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

Police recruits were volunteers. Applicants were required to have at If you love serving the community and promoting public safety, a
least a sixth-grade education and to pass a competitive examination. career as a police officer might be for you. Police officers work with the
Other qualifications included physical fitness and good moral public to prevent crime, promote order and arrest lawbreakers. Police
character. After three years' service as ordinary police, personnel officers are public servants employed by the municipal, provincial or
with junior secondary-school diplomas could enter training to federal government. In this article, we explain what a police officer is,
become NCOs. Those with three years' experience as NCOs were discuss the essential skills you need to become one and cover their
average national salary
eligible for further training to enable them to become candidate
officers and eventually enter the officer corps. Most higher-ranking
officers entered the force as graduates of the Police Division of
Akabri.

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

Promotions were often based on performance in advanced The RCMP currently has a two tiered promotion system. One tier of
education the promotion system focuses on the advancement of the non-
commissioned officers within the RCMP. This tier consists of a written
exam and a structured resume. The second tier focuses on the
commissioned officers within the RCMP.

RETIREMENT RETIREMENT
2) Maximum retired age for members of the State Police of the The R.C.M.P. has a firm policy of retiring a man on the earlier date of
Republic of Indonesia shall be 58 (fifty-eight) years old and for (a) completion of 35 years of service, or (b) attainment of age 56 for
members that have special expertise and are required in performing constables and corporals, or ages 57-58 for sergeants of all kinds.
functions of police shall keep working until reaching the age of 60
(sixty) years old.
 INDONESIA VICE CANADA
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

INDONESIA CANADA
 POLICING SYSTEM
MALAYSIA MEXICO
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
 137,574 senior police officers, inferior police officers, and government The Federal Preventive Police became the Federal Police on May
employees make up the Royal Malaysian Police. This membership reflects 29, 2009, and new responsibilities were added. President Ernesto
the range of tasks carried out by the PDRM, from the General Task Force Zedillo (1994–2000) took the initiative to establish the Federal
to the traditional task of policing and always working alongside the public, Police in 1999 as the primary Federal Preventive Police in order to
until the General Operations Team takes on "non-regulatory" tasks like prevent, combat, and enforce the law that prohibits drugs from being
stopping the entry of illegal immigrants and fighting the war against sold openly on Mexico's streets. As its budget grew and it integrated
communist terrorist uprising.
and reformed the police departments from important agencies
A support team made up of additional police, police volunteers, police including those for migration, treasury, and highways, the PF
assistance, police cadets, and public workers helps PDRM carry out the gradually began to assume its authority. A PF detachment is
people's trust and responsibility. The organization is crucial to stationed at numerous sizable bus terminals and airports in Mexico.
safeguarding the safety and well-being of the country. Genaro Garca Luna, the secretary of public safety, aimed to overhaul
the country's dysfunctional police. He combined multiple
organizations into a nearly 25,000-strong Federal Police force,
among other things .[6]

The Federal Police, which was established in 1928 as the successor to

the aforementioned organizations, commemorates its anniversary on
July 13 each year (Federal Police Day).

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Its main office is in Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur. A support group made up Law enforcement services in Mexico are shared between federal,
of Extra Police Constables, Police Volunteer Reserves, Auxiliary Police, border, traffic, state and municipal police. The two principal police
Police Cadets, and a civilian service element assists the regular RMP in forces with national remit are the uniformed police called 'Policia
carrying out its duties. Federal' and the plain clothed criminal investigations force called
'Policía Federal Ministerial

VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

Mission Mission
A leading enforcement agency of integrity, competent a committed to
work with the community. The Michigan Tech Department of Public Safety and Police Services
Vision is dedicated to protect and serve our community’s quest for a
peaceful and safe existence, free from fear, and with democratic
The Royal Malaysia Police Force is committed to serve and protect the values applied equally to all constituents.
nation and to work in partnership with the community in maintaining law
and order. Vision
Objectives

To minimize the crime rate at the lowest possible rate The Department of Public Safety and Police Services strives to create
To increase efficiency and the effectiveness of human resource a level of professionalism, service, and excellence in law enforcement
development in which our constituents will live, learn, and work
To increase the crime rate and prevent organize
To minimize the demand and supply of drug
To increase the efficiency of finance management Objectives

Providing on-going public security in areas with heavy criminal

activities and providing border security
SALARY SALARY
Police Officer High School. A Police Officer in Ciudad del Carmen with a high
school education can earn an average salary of 128,900 MXN.
57 job openings
Average RM 7,538 per month Certificate or Diploma. A Police Officer in Ciudad del Carmen with a
certificate or diploma education can earn an average salary of
Investigator 204,000 MXN.
83 job openings Bachelor's Degree. A Police Officer in Ciudad del Carmen with a bachelor's
Average RM 4,221 per month degree education can earn an average salary of 345,100 MXN.

Patrol Officer

56 job openings
Average RM 2,334 per month
Security Officer

488 job openings

Average RM 2,127 per month
Detective

12 job openings
Average RM 1,693 per month
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA

Inspector General Police

1. Superintendente General-

2. Primer Superintendente

Deputy Inspector General 3. Segundo Superintende

Police
4. Primer Inspector

5. Segundo Inspector
Commissioner Police
6. Sub Inspector

7. Primer Official
Deputy Commissioner Police
8. Segundo Official

9. Sub Official

Senior Assistant 10. Policia Primero

Commissioner Police
11. Policia Segundo

Assistant Commissioner
Police
Superintendent Police

Deputy Superintendent Police

Assistant Superintendent
Police

Inspector

Probationary Inspector

RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

The volunteer police applicants is expected to pass the same requirement Mexican citizenship.
like those who applying for a regular police position except that the age High school diploma or equivalent
requirement is 18 to 45 years old. The volunteer need to be a full-time To be between 18 and 30 years of age (police can be older but this is
employee of any established organization, preferably from the the age range for the academy).
government sector. 160cm minimum height for men and 150cm for women.
No prior criminal record
Good physical and mental health (you are tested on both)
To pass an initial screening
To be completely clean of any drugs, and not an alcoholic (you are
tested)
To be free of tattoos (except for permanent facial makeup in
women’s eyes, mouth and eyebrows)

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

The Police Act of 1967 specifies and regulates the organization, Officers who have completed their training continue to hold the
management, personnel, funding, discipline, responsibilities, and powers position of assistant superintendent and don three silver stars as
of the police force. The Extra Police Constables, Police Volunteer insignia for a year before being promoted to the level of deputy
Reserves, Auxiliary Police, Police Cadets, and a civilian service element superintendent of police and assigned to the cadre that has been
support the regular RMP in carrying out its duties. designated for them. state-level choice.

RETIREMENT RETIREMENT

Mohamad Fuzi said it is anticipated that over 5,000 police officers and The number of Federal Police in Mexico who quit the force tripled in
personnel will retire annually, and 7,000 personnel will be recruited to a two-year period, according to the national freedom of information
make up for the shortage. agency.
He said the early retirement is having an adverse impact on the police Data from Mexico's Federal Institute for Access to Public
force because it is losing high-ranking staff as well as experienced people. Information (IFAI) says that in the past four years, eight out of every
― Bernama 10 federal police officers left the force. Reasons range from
 retirement to injury to death. However, the largest number of
inactive officers voluntarily resigned.

MALAYSIA VICE MEXICO

 SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

MALAYSIA MEXICO

POLICING SYSTEM
SOUTH KOREA GERMANY
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
The Korean National Police Agency system consists of, from the top: one From 1945 onwards, due to the multilayer organization in municipal
National Police Headquarters located in Seoul; 5 special task police and rural state law enforcement agencies, German police forces wore
agencies, including Marine Police; 13 provincial police headquarters; 220 completely different colored uniforms. In the mid-seventies the
police stations; and 3,389 police branch offices across the country. The aftermath of Munich massacres a reorganization of the state police
Korean Police has its own chain of command independent of the Army. forces took place. This opportunity was taken to implement a
There are no local municipal police systems or state police departments standard police uniform for all West German states and West Berlin.
like those in many western nations.
All state police forces implemented the same green and beige
During the Japanese Occupation Period. (1910 - 1945) Japan established uniform, most parts designed by Heinz Oestergaard. The standard
the Police Administration Bureau (1910) under the Governor-general in uniform consisted of a tunic, parka, pullover without shroud, coat,
Choson. This had forced discontinuation of the Korean police system and visor cap and necktie in moss-green, trouser, pullover and cardigan
caused the people's hatred and mistrust about the police. With the end of in brown-beige, shirt (long and short sleeve) in bamboo-yellow.
World War II, Korea restored its independence on August 15, 1945. Shoes, boots, holsters, leather jackets and other leather gear were
black. Leather gloves were olive-drab. There were some exceptions.
However, Korea was suffering from disorder and chaos without any Visor caps with a white top were worn by the traffic police and by the
Countermeasure or systematic organization to ensure public peace and Schutzpolizei during traffic regulation duties.
order. On 17 August 1945 an autonomy organization was established by
the Preparatory Committee for the Establishment of the Republic of Korea
(Chairman: Yeo Woonyoung) This contributed to the public peace and
order until the US Army was stationed in Korea on September 9. Various
organizations formed, such as the Public Peace Corps., Student
Organizations, Youth Organizations, Guards Corps., Self-Defence
Organization, and Choson Student Group.

The Police Administration Office was established under the U.S. Military
Government on October 21, 1945, with Police Administration
Departments in each province. On 01 January 1946 the Police
Administration Bureau was elevated to the Police Administration
Department by Military Government Order No.23104 [Subject of Police
Administration Bureau and Police Administration Department] .
Subsequently the Provincial Police Departments were reorganized to
District Police Bureaus (9 districts nationwide).

The new government that had declared the establishment of the Republic
of Korea on August 15, 1948, took over administrative power from U.S.
Military Government on September 13. However, the policy system did
not remain as a department but was downgraded as an office within the
Ministry of Home Affairs. The July 17, 1948 Law of Government
Organizations Article 15 (Korean Law No. 1) stated that the Minister of
Home Affairs shall govern the affairs on local administration, election,
security, fire fighting, road, bridge, rivers, water service, construction and
statistics and supervise the local organization for public peace and order
to provide the basis of subordination to the Ministry of Home Affairs. On
03 September 1948 the Police Administration Department became
subordinate to the Security Bureau in the Ministry of Home Affairs; local
the police headquaters became subordinate to provincial Governors.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The Korean National Police Agency (KNPA), also known as the Korean The Federal Police Headquarters in Potsdam is directly subordinate
National Police (KNP), is one of the national police organizations in South to the Ministry of the Interior. The Federal Police Academy is located
Korea. It is run under the Ministry of the Interior and Safety.[3] Its in Lübeck. Under the direction of the federal police headquarters, a
headquarters is 97, Tongil-ro, Eudaemon, Seoul.[4] The agency is divided total of 11 federal police directorates are set up all over the country.
into 18 local police agencies, including the Seoul Metropolitan Police
Agency. Local police agencies are not independent of the national police.

VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES
 Vision
Vision
The Department of Public Safety and police Service strives to create
We will cultivate people who serve the public with professional capability a level of professionalism, service, and excellence in law enforcement
and upright character, and contribute social development of our nation by in which our constituents will live learn, and work.
creating innovative knowledge’s for public safety.
Mission

The Michigan Tech Department of public Safety and Police Services

is dedicated to protect and serve our community’s quest for a
peaceful and safe existence, free from fear, and with democratic
values applied equally to all constituents.

SALARY SALARY

A person working as a Police Officer in Korea (South) typically earns Salary Range
around 2,410,000 KRW per month. Salaries range from 1,110,000 KRW
(lowest) to 3,840,000 KRW (highest). Police Officer salaries in Germany range from 990 EUR per month
This is the average monthly salary including housing, transport, and other (minimum salary) to 3,410 EUR per month (maximum salary).
benefits. Police Officer salaries vary drastically based on experience, skills,
gender, or location. Below you will find a detailed breakdown based on Median Salary
many different criteria The median salary is 2,310 EUR per month, which means that half
(50%) of people working as Police Officer(s) are earning less than
2,310 EUR while the other half are earning more than 2,310 EUR.
The median represents the middle salary value. You would want to
The average police officer gross salary in South Korea is ₩50,805,090 or be on the right side of the graph with the group earning more than
an equivalent hourly rate of ₩24,426. In addition, they earn an average the median salary.
bonus of ₩1,173,598. Salary estimates based on salary survey data
collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in South Percentiles
Korea. Closely related to the median are two values: the 25th and the 75th
 percentiles. Reading from the salary distribution diagram, 25% of
Police Officer(s) are earning less than 1,490 EUR while 75% of them
are earning more than 1,490 EUR. Also from the diagram, 75% of
Police Officer(s) are earning less than 3,090 EUR while 25% are
earning more than 3,090 EUR.
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA

Commissioner General
RANK INSIGNIA
Polizeihauptmeister mit
Amtszulage (PHMmZ)
Chief Superintendent General

Senior Superintendent General

Polizeihauptmeister (PHM)

Superintendent General

Senior Superintendent
Polizeiobermeister (POM)

Superintendent

Senior Inspector
Inspector Polizeimeister (PM)

Assistant Inspection

Grenzpolizeiliche
Unterstützungskraft (GUK)
Bundespolizeiliche
Unterstützungskraft (BUK)
Polizeivollzugsangestellter (PVA

Polizeimeisteranwärter (PMA)

RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

Limiting the age requirements of applicants to be under 30 to apply for You must be a citizen of Germany.
selective examinations to become a police officer or firefighter is You must be in excellent physical condition. Female candidates must
discriminatory, according to the NHRCK. The NHRCK issued a be at least 163 cm (5'3″) and Male candidates must be at least 1.65 m
recommendation calling on the Commissioner General of the Korean (5′4″) with a maximum on 195 cm (6′5″). Everyone must undergo a
National Police Agency (KNPA) and the administrator of the National physical exam by an authorized police physician to determine
Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) to amend their official suitably. Must not be overweight or underweight as measured using
BMI
appointment regulations and to remove the age limit.
All applicants must have a clean criminal record. Misdemeanor,
Felony, Sentencing and Probation are treated the same way.
Anybody that has been punished in court is ineligible.
The current age limit is a minimum of 16 years of age to 24 years of
age. If you are a police executive, you must not be older than 27
when recruited. Your level of experience and training a police
applicant has in Germany will determine the starting rank of each
officer.
You must have communication skills to deal with the public. This
includes the ability to communicate in English as well as German.
You would be an asset if you also spoke French or Arabic.

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

KNPU is renowned for having fierce competition for admission since it

offers a significant edge. In essence, candidates must meet the In essence, German citizenship is the condition for becoming a
requirements to become police officers. They must be Korean citizens and police officer in Germany. Police officers fall under the category of
high school graduates as recognized by the Ministry of Education. We civil workers, and under German law, only German citizens are
host an open 3-phase competition. permitted to hold public employment positions.
Written tests, aptitude tests, and the SAT are used to identify standout
students. Thanks to our huge advantages. The standard of applicants to
universities in Korea has been extremely high. 2014 saw a total
competition ratio of 60.4:1. Benefits: The government covers all costs,
including uniform, textbooks, and tuition fees. The grads who are men
are.
Authorized to work as an officer in a riot-controlling police position in
place of their required military service. Above all, they are all grads.
Commissioned as a police officer with the rank of "inspector" after
graduating. Due to these advantages, the graduate is required to serve as a
police officer for six years.
RETIREMENT RETIREMENT

Age of Mandatory Retirement)

(1) A police official who is employed at the time this Act takes effect will be Currently, retirement starts at 65 plus nine months, but by 2029, it
automatically retired on December 31, 1998, if his or her retirement date will be gradually raised to 67. Early retirement can begin in a variety
is set forth in the former provisions of Article 24 (1) 1, on December 31, of ways, such as at age 63 if a person has paid into the system for 45
1998, if his or her retirement date is set forth in the former provisions of years. December 31, 1999.
Article 24 (1) 1 and is June 30, 1999, or on March 31, 1999, if his or her
retirement date is set forth in the former provisions of Article 24 (1) 1 and
is March 31, 1999.
 SOUTH KOREA VICE GERMANY
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

SOUTH KOREA GERMANY

 POLICING SYSTEM
CHINA SPAIN
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY

The Chinese People's Armed Police Force was established in April 1983 The medieval kings of León, Castile, and Aragón were often unable to
and is made up of the armed, frontier defence, and fire-fighting police, maintain public peace, protective municipal leagues began to emerge
which operate under a military service structure, as well as the PLA in the twelfth century against bandits and other rural criminals, as
personnel performing domestic defence’s duty. It is a social security well as against the lawless nobility or mobilized to support a claimant
defence unit that is armed and performs police functions. to the crown. These organizations were individually temporary but
became a long-standing fixture of Spain. The first recorded case of
Administrative Structure: the formation of an hermandad occurred when the towns and the
Overview. The People's Armed Police (PAP), the People's Liberation peasantry of the north united to police the pilgrim road to Santiago de
Army (PLA), the state judicial, procuratorial, and penal systems, as well Compostela in Galicia, and protect the pilgrims, a major source of
as the Ministries of Public Security (MPS) and State Security (MSS), the regional income, against robber knights. With the countryside
People's Armed Police (PAP), and the PLA, make up the national security virtually everywhere effectively in the hands of nobles, throughout the
system. High Middle Ages such brotherhoods were frequently formed by
leagues of towns to protect the roads connecting them. The
hermandades were occasionally co-opted for dynastic purposes. They
acted to some extent like the Fehmic courts of Germany. Among the
most powerful was the league of northern Castilian and Basque ports,
the Hermandad de las Marismas: Toledo, Talavera, and Villa Real. As
one of their first acts after the War of the Castilian Succession,
Ferdinand and Isabella "brought peace by the brilliant strategy of
organizing rather than eliminating violence;"[2] they established a
centrally organized and efficient Holy Hermandad (Santa
Hermandad) with themselves at its head. They adapted the existing
form of the hermandad to the purpose of creating a general police
force under the direction of officials appointed by themselves, and
 endowed with large powers of summary jurisdiction, even in capital
cases. The rough and ready justice of the Santa Hermandades became
famous for brutality.[3] The original hermandades continued to serve
as modest local police units until their final suppression in 1835.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

National law enforcement services are provided by public security The supreme command of the Spanish National Police is held by the
bureaus, the provincial and municipal public security counterparts Minister of the Interior, through the figure of the Secretary of State
which, under the leadership of local government, operate in the main for Security. Direct command is exercised by the Directorate General
towns, cities and counties of China. for the Police, under the authority of the said Secretary of State for
Security.
VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

Vision
Inspire participation from everyone for a safe, healthy, and thriving Vision
community.
The Men and Women of the PNP is committed to a vision of a
Mission Statement professional, dynamic, and highly motivated Philippine National
Through educational outreach and crime prevention programs we help to Police working in partnership with a responsive community towards
raise personal safety awareness and reduce the incidence of crime. the attainment of a safe place to live, work, invest and do business.
Through our translation and interpretation services we help make
policing more accessible to, and better understood by, the Chinese
speaking community. Objectives
Objectives
To fulfill duties based on border responsibilities, in the areas of The Spanish National Police is an armed institution, civil in nature,
maintenance of public peace and order, crime prevention, investigation, which presents a hierarchical structure and has the mission of
and detection, collection of intelligence, VIP security, counterterrorism, protecting the free exercise of citizens' rights and liberties, and of
border policing, railway policing, tackling smuggling, drug trafficking, guaranteeing their security. Its scope of action is the whole of the
national territory.
economic offences, corruption ...
SALARY SALARY

Salary Range
A person working as a Police Officer in China typically earns around Police Officer salaries in Spain range from 790 EUR per month
18,000 CNY per month. Salaries range from 8,280 CNY (lowest) to (minimum salary) to 2,720 EUR per month (maximum salary).
28,600 CNY (highest)
Median Salary
This is the average monthly salary including housing, transport, and The median salary is 1,850 EUR per month, which means that half
other benefits. Police Officer salaries vary drastically based on (50%) of people working as Police Officer(s) are earning less than
experience, skills, gender, or location. Below you will find a detailed 1,850 EUR while the other half are earning more than 1,850 EUR.
breakdown based on many different criteria. The median represents the middle salary value. Generally speaking,
you would want to be on the right side of the graph with the group
earning more than the median salary.

Percentiles
Closely related to the median are two values: the 25th and the 75th
percentiles. Reading from the salary distribution diagram, 25% of
Police Officer(s) are earning less than 1,190 EUR while 75% of them
are earning more than 1,190 EUR. Also from the diagram, 75% of
Police Officer(s) are earning less than 2,470 EUR while 25% are
earning more than 2,470 EUR.
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA
Commissioner
Deputy Commissioner
Senior Assistant

Commissioner
DAO/ Comisari Inspecto Subinspe Oficial Policía
Assistant Commisioner
Subdirec o r Jefe ctor de en
Chief superitendent
tor Principal Policía Prácticas
Superintendent
General
Chief Inspector
Inspector
Chaplain
RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

Every police agency must find candidates and make selections from Spanish-born or -naturalized
among them in order to fill the intricate duties covered in earlier
chapters. Three tiers of roles need to be filled: entry level, supervisory age range: 18 to 30 years
level, and chief's level. Personnel must be sought out and chosen for Men must be 1.65 meters tall and ladies must be 1.60 meters tall.
these positions. The extended economic crisis has resulted in a rise in the not having been found guilty of fraud, fired by the state, an
number of highly qualified job seekers. opportunities” (Orrick, 2012, p. autonomous organization, or a local government, or barred from
1). (Orrick, 2012, p. 1). This result represents a turnaround from earlier holding public office.
years when police departments had trouble obtaining suitable recruits. possess a driver's license in the category that the government has
The majority of people concur that this increase is a result of the designated.
economic downturn and the workforce reductions in corporate
organizations. Due to the fact that many of the people affected by
corporate layoffs have job experience, have worked in teams, and are
more sophisticated about the world of work, police chiefs anticipate that
they will be well-suited for roles in public safety.
(2009) Johnson

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

Those holding ranks between Constable Second Class and Spain's national civilian police force is known as the National Police
Superintendent First Class must wait three years between each Corps. ... Seniority was used to determine who got promoted to
promotion to the next higher class, while those holding the ranks corporal, sergeant, and sergeant major.
between Superintendent First Class and Supervisor First Class must wait
four years between each promotion. The intervals for the advancement in
their ranks must take into account the times when the people's police
receive in-service training in schools or academies.
RETIREMENT RETIREMENT
If a person has less than 36 years and 6 months of contributions, the In China, the retirement age is presently 60 for men, 55 for women in
retirement age for a full pension benefit (without actuarial reduction) is civil service, and 50 for women in the workforce.
65 years and 6 months in 2018. In 2027, both men and women must
reach the age of 67 before they can legally retire. However, if a person has
made payments for 38.5 years, retirement with full pension benefits is
possible starting at age 65. To be eligible for a pension benefit, 15 years of
contributions must have been made.
 CHINA VICE SPAIN
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

CHINA SPAIN
 POLICING SYSTEM
THAILAND UK
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY

The Royal Thai Police (RTP) was founded for the first time in the year
1455, or more than 500 years ago. But under the reign of King Rama
IV, an Englishman by the name of Captain Joseph Byrd Ames
modernized the RTP system. The first uniformed police unit in
Thailand was established by Captain Ames, who was at the time the
captain of an English ship. King Rama IV appointed Ames as the first
leader of the uniform police.

The Royal Thai Police (RTP), which reports to the Office of the Prime
Minister, is in charge of maintaining public order through upholding
the law in the Kingdom. The RTP is a unitary organization with
significant power that can have an impact on the Thai government
because it is required to carry out police duties across the entire nation.
As a result, the RTP usually appoints a new Director-General whenever
there is a new administration.

A royal decree issued in 2009 on the division of the Royal Thai Police
governs the RTP's current organizational structure. It has six divisions
and thirty bureaus that report directly to the RTP. (Please refer to the
accompanying RTP Structure)
The Administrative Units are primarily in charge of personnel and
administrative issues. Planning, hiring, reporting, and the creation of
budgets are among its duties. The Criminal Procedure Code and
various Criminal Acts are followed by the Operational Units when
conducting police operations. The task of the Auxiliary and Special
Service Units is to assist and direct operating units in order to improve
their efficiency and performance.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

1. Department of Special Investigation Specialist Operations – three sections which specialize in counter-
terrorism, aviation security and the protection of royalty and diplomats
2. Thailand National Police Department (TNPD) and their buildings, government ministers and the Palace of
3. Central Investigation Bureau Westminster;
Specialist Crime Directorate - specialist resources to reduce all aspects
4. Border Patrol Police Division of serious and specialist crime;
Directorate of Information - provides information, communications
5. Provincial Police and technology (ICT) services to the Metropolitan Police Service;
6. Metropolitan Police Division Human Resources Directorate- responsible for all personnel
management and the training of police and civilian staff;
7. 191 Special Branch Police -Special Operation Unit, the Territorial Policing (TP) – London’s local police comprising 32
Arintharat 26 Borough Command Units (BOCUs) within each of the 32 Local
Government areas of London, and 1 BOCU for Heathrow airport.
8. Tourist Police Within TP are various pan-London units including the following:
9. Aviation Division Traffic Policing
Dog Support Unit
Mounted Branch – high visibility patrols and public order;
Marine Support Unit
Central Operations Specialist Firearms Command (CO19) - provides
firearms-related support to unarmed colleagues;
Territorial Support Group – provides co-ordination and control for
 major public events in London.
VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

The growth of law enforcement in the United Kingdom and its To be respectful of, and responsive to, the changing needs of our
community and our organization through strategic and collaborative
predecessor states is mapped out in the history of that nation's law
partnerships
enforcement. It covers the Middle Ages, the creation of the first modern
| Professionalism | Excellence | Integrity | Inclusiveness |
police force in the world in the 90s, and the modernization of policing
Transparency | Accountability | Diversity | Trust
that followed in the 20th and 21st centuries

SALARY SALARY
Salary Levels Police constables in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland can earn a
In Thailand, the minimum monthly pay for a police officer is 27,800 starting pay of £21,402 and a maximum income of £41,130 after
THB, while the maximum monthly pay is 96,000 THB (maximum around seven years on the job. Starting earnings in Scotland are a little
salary). higher at £26,737 and increase to £41,578 after around ten years of
service.
Sergeant pay ranges from £43,965 to £46,227 per year.
Average Salary Inspector salaries range from £52,698 to 57,162 (£56,496 in London),
Given that the median monthly wage for police officers is 65,200 THB, and chief inspector salaries range from £58,332 to £60,732 (£60,654
50% of them make less than this amount while the other 50% make in London).
more than this amount. The middle wage value is represented by the
median. In general, you would want to be in the group earning more
than the median pay on the right side of the graph.

Percentiles
The 25th and the 75th percentiles are two numbers that are closely
related to the median. According to the wage distribution chart, 25% of
police officers make less than 41,800 THB while 75% of them make
more than that amount. more than 41,800 THB in income. According
to the diagram, 75% of police officers make less than 87,000 THB per
year, while 25% make more.
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA

RANK INSIGNIA RANK INSIGNIA

Police General Chief Constable

Police Lieutenant General Deputy Chief Constable

Police Major General Assistant Chief Constable

Police Brigadier General Chief Superintendent

Police Colonel Superintendent

Police Major Chief Inspector

Police Captain Inspector

Police Lieutenant
Sergeant

Police Sub- lieutenant

Constable

RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

 age of 18 or older
The police character standards must be met if you are older than 16 and be a British citizen, an EU citizen who has obtained established status,
have lived in Thailand for at least a year. You may be required to or a foreign national who has been granted unrestricted, indefinite
submit police clearance certificates as part of your application. entry to the UK.
possess a three-year residence in the UK (although there are
exceptions, such as if you served in the British armed forces abroad).
possess a degree comparable to an A-level, have two years of
independent patrol duty under your belt as a special constable, or have
worked for 18 months as a police community support officer (PCSO).

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

 Step 1 – achieving competence in current rank.
Step 2 – examination of law and procedure.
Selective promotion in the police ranks for people's police with ranks of Step 3 – local selection process and matching to vacancies.
Supervisor First Class or higher must be done within the range of the Step 4 – temporary promotion (12 months) and a work based
ranks that correspond to their post levels and in consideration of both assessment leading to a professional qualification in police
their actual performance and political integrity and competence. management.

RETIREMENT RETIREMENT

50 years of age or older is required. The PPS 15's standard pension age is 60, although you are not have to
wait until that age to retire. Your benefits will be decreased if you apply
to start receiving them after the age of 55 and before the age of 60.
 THAILAND VICE UK
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

THAILAND UK
 POLICING SYSTEM
MYANMAR UKRAINE
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
 Two government organizations, the Security Service and the Interior
Local police were established under the mayors and village headmen Ministry, have historically been in charge of enforcing the law in
during the reign of the Myanmar Monarchs; they were also military Ukraine. The Foreign Intelligence Service and the Military
reserve members. When the Union of Myanmar was made a British Intelligence Service are other organizations with permission to
Colony in 1885, the British policing system was put into place. The Police conduct criminal investigations
Force was then referred to as the Burma Police. The Burma Police was
reorganized as the People's Police Force in 1964, and on October 1st, 1995, In accordance with the Law “on National Security” the structure of
it underwent another reorganization to become the Myanmar Police the security and defence sector includes: the Ministry of Defense of
Force. Ukraine, the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the State Special Transport
Service, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the National
After 1988, the Union of Myanmar had a lot of changes. Similar to how Guard of Ukraine, the National Police of Ukraine, the State Border
the Myanmar Police Force must change its administrative structure to Guard Service of Ukraine, the State Migration Service of Ukraine,
conform to the new national administrative structure. The Committee for the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, The Security Service of
Police Administration Reorganization On January 28, 1994, a system that Ukraine, the State Security Guard of Ukraine, the State Service for
is headed by the State Peace and Development Council's secretary was Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine, the
established. The Committee is now reviewing the entire system and Apparatus of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine,
making the necessary adjustments intelligence authorities of Ukraine, central executive authority,
which forms and implements the state military-industrial policy

The National Police, Security Service, State Bureau of Investigation,

National Anti-Corruption Bureau, Penitentiary Service, and the body
in charge of ensuring that tax law compliance are all authorized to
undertake criminal investigations.

The National Police, which is directed by the Cabinet of Ministers

(government) through the Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine,
provides police services in Ukraine. On the Prime Minister of
Ukraine's recommendation and in accordance with the
recommendations of the Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the
Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine appoints and dismisses the head of
the national police.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The Director General of Myanmar Police Force holding the rank of Police
Major General is in command of the whole Police Force. According to the Police services are provided in Ukraine by the National Police, which
present set-up the Myanmar Police Force has six components. They are: is under the direction of the Cabinet of Ministers (government)
through the Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. The Cabinet of
a. Headquarters. Ministers of Ukraine appoints and dismisses the head of the national
b. State and Division Police Forces. police on the advice of the Prime Minister of Ukraine and in
c. Special Departments. accordance with the advice of the Minister of Internal Affairs of
d. Training Centres. Ukraine.
e. Reserved Units.
f. Police Battalions.
VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

Mission: Mission;
‘ Preventing and combating transnational crime through a greater nexus State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGS) is the border guard of
and creative policing collaboration’ Ukraine. It is an independent law enforcement agency of special
assignment, the head of which is subordinated to the President of
Vision;
Ukraine.
‘Together we keep this region safe’
Vision:
We aspire to provide exceptional public safety, create an excellent
objectives of Myanmar Police Force: work environment, and develop an outstanding team.
people-centered policing is the best Suitable policing system for a
democratic state.
Objective;
 ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests
of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public safety
and the rule of law, as well as providing police services;
protection of the state border of Ukraine and protection of the
sovereign rights of Ukraine in its exclusive (marine) economic zone;
civil protection, protection of population and territories from
emergency situations and prevention of emergencies, emergency
response, rescue, fire suppression, fire and technological safety,
operation of emergency rescue services, as well as
hydrometeorological activities;

SALARY SALARY

Salary Range Salary Range

Police Officer salaries in Myanmar range from 156,000 MMK per month Police Officer salaries in Ukraine range from 6,140 UAH per month
(minimum salary) to 538,000 MMK per month (maximum salary). (minimum salary) to 21,200 UAH per month (maximum salary).

Median Salary Median Salary

The median salary is 366,000 MMK per month, which means that half The median salary is 14,400 UAH per month, which means that half
(50%) of people working as Police Officer(s) are earning less than (50%) of people working as Police Officer(s) are earning less than
366,000 MMK while the other half are earning more than 366,000 MMK. 14,400 UAH while the other half are earning more than 14,400
The median represents the middle salary value. Generally speaking, you UAH. The median represents the middle salary value. Generally
would want to be on the right side of the graph with the group earning speaking, you would want to be on the right side of the graph with
more than the median salary. the group earning more than the median salary.

Percentiles Percentiles
Closely related to the median are two values: the 25th and the 75th Closely related to the median are two values: the 25th and the 75th
percentiles. Reading from the salary distribution diagram, 25% of Police percentiles. Reading from the salary distribution diagram, 25% of
Officer(s) are earning less than 235,000 MMK while 75% of them are Police Officer(s) are earning less than 9,260 UAH while 75% of them
earning more than 235,000 MMK. Also from the diagram, 75% of Police are earning more than 9,260 UAH. Also from the diagram, 75% of
Officer(s) are earning less than 488,000 MMK while 25% are earning Police Officer(s) are earning less than 19,300 UAH while 25% are
more than 488,000 MMK. earning more than 19,300 UAH.

RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA
RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

Appointments of technical and inspectorate staff recruited to the CANDIDATE REQUIREMENTS:

Department are based on the principle To be a citizen of Ukraine;
of open and fair competition. The vacancies for each and every area are Age from 20 to 40 years;
filled by selection from among eligible Fluent in Ukrainian;
applicants/candidates through a competitive process on the basis of Have complete secondary education;
merits. Have a B category driver’s license or readiness to receive it prior to
The entry requirements are normally set with reference to academic or training;
professional qualifications, To be law-abiding – without criminal convictions for crimes and
technical skills, working experience, language proficiency and other administrative corruption offenses;
qualities or attributes as required on the Being physically healthy, strong and enduring;
basis of the operational need for the posts concerned. Have a high level of psychological stability;
Recruitment procedures are set in accordance with the relevant civil Have a formed system of vital values and high moral principles;
service regulations. Apart from To be ready to serve the people faithfully;
certain basic requirements as required by the Civil Service Selection and
Training Board (CSSTB) such as
language proficiencies and technical aspects, the Department determines
the qualifications and experience
required for each of its technical positions in various ranks and conducts
the interview and Recruitment and
Selection Board (RSB).

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

Good discipline and morals Promoting Human Rights and the Rule of Law through Freedom of
Sociable Expression and the Safety of Journalists in Ukraine” aimed at
Consideration and Intelligent fostering a dialogue and establishing professional relations between
Selfless and helpful the law enforcement officers and the media sector during a
Good understanding of Basic Statistic transitional period of reform for state institutions in Ukraine.
Active performance duty.

RETIREMEN RETIREMENT
The Myanmar junta has eliminated the mandatory retirement age of 65 Retirement age for men in Ukraine is 60 in 2022. The maximum age
for military chiefs, enabling junta leader Senior Gen. Min Aung Hlaing was 60 and minimum was 60 .
 MYANMAR VICE UKRAINE
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

MYANMAR UKRAINE
 POLICING SYSTEM
VIETNAM FRANCE
BRIEF HISTORY BRIEF HISTORY
The Republic of Vietnam National Police was officially created by President Law enforcement in France has a long history dating back to AD
Ngô Đình Diệm's national decree in June 1962, integrating all the existing 570 when night watch systems were commonplace. Policing is
internal security and paramilitary agencies raised by the French Union centralized at the national level. Recently, legislation has allowed
authorities during the First Indochina War between 1946 and 1954 local governments to hire their own police officers which are called
The Viet Nam People's Police Force (PPF) is part of the People's Public the "police municipal
Security Forces (PPSF) of Viet Nam. During the past 70 years, the PPF has The French police system is comprised of the Police Nationale, the
been trained and cared for by the Communist Party, late President Ho Chi Gendarmerie, and municipal police and is very different from the
Minh and the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). English system, particularly with respect to centralization and
unification.
Organizational Structure:
The People's Police Security Forces is comprised of the Ministry of Public
Security; Provincial Police Departments; Police Stations of district,
provincial capitals; Police Posts of communes, wards and townlets. The
Government has decided to post full-time police officers to commune-level
police posts.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The People's Police Security Forces is comprised of the Ministry of Public The French police consists of three centralized forces — two of
Security; Provincial Police Departments; Police Stations of district, which have the same mission but different jurisdictions at a
provincial capitals; Police Posts of communes, wards and townlets. The national scope: National Police (Police Nationale) and National
Government has decided to post full-time police officers to commune-level Gendarmerie (Gendarmerie Nationale) and Municipal Police
police posts (Police municipale) at a local scope.

VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES VISION/MISSION/OBJECTIVES

 Mission:The Michigan Tech Department of Public Safety and Police Mission:

Services is dedicated to protect and serve our community’s quest for a They are tasked with defending national institutions and the
peaceful and safe existence, free from fear, and with democratic values national interest, upholding the rule of law, maintaining law and
applied equally to all constituents. order, safeguarding people and property. Police officers and
Vision: gendarmes serve the institutions of France and the general public
The Department of Public Safety and Police Services strives to create a level with loyalty and a sense of honour and devotion to duty.
of professionalism, service, and excellence in law enforcement in which our Vision:
constituents will live, learn, and work. The Department of Public Safety and Police Services strives to
Objectives: create a level of professionalism, service, and excellence in law
The Public Safety Oversight Committee is an impartial body through which enforcement in which our constituents will live, learn, and work.
any person may make a complaint about the actions of a University law Objectives:
enforcement officer or the Department of Public Safety and Police Services. Every life is precious.
The committee receives and addresses complaints to ensure that the Democratic values apply to all.
University remediates any misconduct. Every person has individual, equal value.
Ethics and integrity are the foundations of law enforcement.
Cooperative community partnerships are the key to a tranquil and
safe environment.
SALARY SALARY
A person working as a Police Officer in Vietnam typically earns around A person working as a Police Officer in France typically earns
10,300,000 VND per month. Salaries range from 4,750,000 VND (lowest) around 30,100 EUR per year. Salaries range from 13,900 EUR
to 16,400,000 VND (highest). (lowest) to 47,900 EUR (highest).
This is the average monthly salary including housing, transport, and other This is the average yearly salary including housing, transport, and
benefits. Police Officer salaries vary drastically based on experience, skills, other benefits. Police Officer salaries vary drastically based on
gender, or location. Below you will find a detailed breakdown based on experience, skills, gender, or location. Below you will find a
many different criteria. detailed breakdown based on many different criteria.
RANK/INSIGNIA RANK/INSIGNIA

GENERAL
Inspecteur Contrôleur Commissai Commissai Commissai
général des général des re général re re de police
services services de police divisionnai (Commissi
actifs de la actifs de la (Commissi re de police oner of
police police oner (Divisional police)
nationale nationale general of commissio
(Inspector (Comptroll police) ner of
general of er general police)
COLONEL GENERAL
the of the
National National
Police) Police)
LIEUTENANT GENERAL

MAJOR GENERAL

SENIOR COLONEL

COLONEL
LIEUTENANT COLONEL

MAJOR

CAPTAIN

SENIOR
LIEUTENANT
 LIEUTENANT

SECOND LIEUTENANT

RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION PROCEDURES

The objective selection of citizens on people's police to supplement the 1. General information
payroll, reinforcing and improving the quality of staff, meet the The National Police is a civilian force under the jurisdiction of the
requirements of the work, the fight of the peoples front and the long term. Ministry of the Interior and primarily responsible for urban areas.
Article 3. Principle 1. A selection of citizens on people's police must
guarantee the right of the target, object, standard, sequence, procedure, 2. Functions and missions
jurisdiction to decide the selection specified by the Ministry. The role of the National Police is generally to ensure that the laws
2. To ensure the correct implementation of democratic rules in the selection are observed and enforced. Efforts are also directed at the
and in the construction of people's police force. prevention of delinquency. In that context, the National Police:
3. Priority selection (in order) to the public security of the people of the
following cases: a) citizens have the title of Professor, Associate Professor, conducts security operations (e.g. patrols, traffic control, identity
Ph.d., masters level professional training to suit the needs of selected checks); and
specialist level I, level II.
under the supervision of the judiciary, conducts criminal enquiries,
serves search warrants, etc., as well as maintaining specific
“judiciary police” services for criminal enquiries.

3. Structure and organization

One of France’s two police presences is the National Police, a civil
law enforcement agency with primary jurisdiction in cities and
large towns with populations exceeding 16,000 inhabitants. It is
under the authority of the Minister of the Interior (see organization
chart in the Links section below).

PROMOTIONS BENEFITS PROMOTIONS BENEFITS

THE VIETNAMESE JUDICIARY Police personnel are recruited on the basis of competitive
APPOINTMENT AND PROMOTION examination. Training is given in specialized schools. The officer’s
Penelope (Pip) Nicholson and Nguyen Hung Quangt rank often depends upon his/her educational level, whether
secondary or post-secondary. Once selected, police recruits attend
This Article contends that while the Vietnamese judiciary and court the Saint-Cyr School at Mont d'Or for ten months, while inspectors
system have been the subject of not insignificant reforms over the last two attend the Canet-Cluse School for six months and peace agents
years, they attend the Superior School for six months.
remain political institutions. More particularly, our analysis of the manner
and criteria Retirement:
for the appointment and dismissal of judicial officers characterizes these 62
officers as Retiring at 62 (statutory age)
having to act within the auspices of the Communist Party of Vietnam, France's statutory minimum retirement age is 62 for those born on
despite reforms or after January 1st, 1955. However, in order to qualify for a full,
having been introduced that cast the courts as more independent. maximum-rate pension at age 62, you must have accrued a
required number of quarters of contributions.
In 2002 the Vietnamese government amended the Law on the
Organization of People's Courts1 ("2002 Law") and the
Ordinance
on

The changes
have been heralded as evidence of the government's commitment to an
"independent court system." 3 This Article argues that, upon closer
analysis,
these reforms will not culminate in an "independent" court system as that
term is understood in the West. Rather, the reforms produce a system
RETIREMENT RETIREMENT
On 18 November 2020, the Vietnamese government issued Decree No. France's statutory minimum retirement age is 62 for those born on
135/2020/ND-CP on retirement age ("Decree No. 135"). Decree No. 135 or after January 1st, 1955. However, in order to qualify for a full,
elaborates on the relevant regulations on the increase of the retirement age maximum-rate pension at age 62, you must have accrued a
under Article 169 of the Labor Code No. 45/2019/QH14 ("2019 Labor
Code"), which both took effect on 1 January 2021. required number of quarters of contributions.
The increase in the retirement age would lead to changes in companies'
internal policies, for example, regulations on elderly employees and pension
regimes. Therefore, companies should review Decree No. 135 to timely
update their relevant internal policies as well as to ensure the compliance
with new regulations under this decree.
We will keep you updated on any relevant future developments. In the
meantime, if you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to
contact us.
VIETNAM VICE FRANCE
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

VIETNAM FRANCE
Prepared by:
ROMMEL T. LAMOSTE
Program/Year

Submitted to:

Name of Instructor
Instructor