Proverbs 3:5-6

Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him, and
he shall direct your paths

Dep-Ed Order 8s. of 2015

- Grading system of kindergarten
Checklist and Student
Portfolios
- Grading system Grade -1 to Grade – 10
The General average is computed by Divided the SUM of all Final Grades by the Total Number of Learning Areas:
- Grading system for Grade – 11 and Grade – 12
The TWO quarters Determine the Final Grade in a Semester
It is the Process of Identifying, Gathering, Organizing and Interpreting Quantitative and Qualitative DATA of the
Learners Permeance.
- Assessment
Assessment is a Test of Quiz is used to Examine knowledge of something to determine what has learned.
Evaluations is the Process of making Judgments Based on Criteria and evidence.

POLICY GUIDELINES ON CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT FOR THE K TO 12 BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM

1. In line with the implementation of the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 (Republic
Act No. 10533), the Department of Education is adopting the enclosed Policy Guidelines
on Classroom Assessment for the K to 12 Basic Education Program.

2. Classroom Assessment is an integral part of curriculum implementation. It allows the

teachers to track and measure learners' progress and to adjust instruction accordingly.
Classroom assessment informs the learners, as well as their parents and guardians, of their
progress.

3. Effective School Year (SY) 2015-2016, the Policy Guidelines on Classroom Assessment for
the K to 12 Basic Education Program shall be implemented in public elementary and secondary
schools nationwide.

4. Non-DepEd schools are urged to implement these policy guidelines as well. Non-DepEd
schools are permitted to modify these policy guidelines according to their school's Philosophy,
Vision, and Mission with the approval of the appropriate DepEd Regional Office.

5. Special programs may further issue supplementary guidelines in relation to the program's
specific assessment concerns.

6. These guidelines will remain in force and in effect for the duration of the program, unless
sooner repealed, amended, or rescinded. All existing Orders and Memoranda that are
inconsistent with this Order are rescinded.

7. Immediate dissemination of and strict compliance with this Order is directed.

POLICY GUIDELINES ON CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT FOR THE K TO 12 BASIC EDUCATION

PROGRAM (BEP)

I. Theoretical Basis
Classroom Assessment is a joint process that involves both teachers and learners. It is an
integral part of teaching and learning. Teachers provide appropriate assessment when
they aim to holistically measure learners' current and developing abilities while enabling
them to take responsibility in the process. This view recognizes the diversity of learners
inside the classroom, the need for multiple ways of measuring their varying abilities and
learning potentials, and the role of learners as co-participants in the assessment process.

At the heart of this assessment framework is the recognition and deliberate consideration

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him, and
he shall direct your paths

of the learners' zone of proximal development (Vygotsky 1978). Appropriate assessment

is committed to ensure learners' success in moving from guided to independent display
of knowledge, understanding, and skills, and to enable them to transfer this successfully
in future situations. From this point of v i e w , assessment facilitates the development of
learners' higher-order thinking and 21st-century skills.
This view of assessment, therefore, acknowledges the unity of instruction and assessment.
Assessment is part of day-to-day lessons and extends the day-to-day classroom activities
that are already in place in the K to 12 curriculums.

II. What is Classroom Assessment?

Assessment is a process that is used to keep track of learners' progress in relation to
learning standards and in the development of 21st-century skills; to promote self-
reflection and personal accountability among students about their own learning; and to
provide bases for the profiling of student performance on the learning competencies and
standards of the curriculum. Various kinds of assessments shall be used appropriately
for different learners who come from diverse contexts, such as cultural background and
life experiences.

Classroom Assessment is an ongoing process of identifying, gathering, organizing, and

interpreting quantitative and qualitative information about what learners know and can
do.

Teachers should employ classroom assessment methods that are consistent with
curriculum standards. It is important for teachers to always inform learners about the
objectives of the lesson so that the latter will aim to meet or even exceed the standards.
The teacher provides immediate feedback to students about their learning progress.
Classroom assessment also measures the achievement of competencies by the learner

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him, and
he shall direct your paths

There are two types of classroom assessment, namely, formative and summative.

A. Formative assessment may be seen as assessment for learning so teachers can make
adjustments in their instruction. It is also assessment as learning wherein students
reflect on their own progress. According to the UNESCO Program on Teaching and
Learning for a Sustainable Future (UNESCO-TLSF), formative assessment refers to
the ongoing forms of assessment that are closely linked to the learning process. It is
characteristically informal and is intended to help students identify strengths and
weaknesses in order to learn from the assessment experience.

Formative assessment may be given at any time during the teaching and learning
process. It is also a way to check the effectiveness of instruction.

Formative assessment involves teachers using evidence about what learners know
and can do to inform and improve their teaching. Teachers observe and guide
learners in their tasks through interaction and dialogue, thus gaining deeper
insights into the learners' progress, strengths, weaknesses, and needs. The results
of formative assessments will help teachers make good instructional decisions so
that their lessons are better suited to the learners' abilities. It is important for
teachers to record formative assessment by documenting and tracking learners'
progress using systematic ways that can easily provide insight into a student's
learning. Such monitoring will allow teachers to understand their students and thus
teach them better. Formative assessment results, however, are not included in the
computation of summative assessment.

Formative assessment must also provide students with immediate feedback on how
well they are learning throughout the teaching-learning process. Recommendations
on how they can improve themselves should also be given by the teachers. Formative
assessment enables students to take responsibility for their own learning, and identify
areas where they do well and where they need help. As a result, students will
appreciate and make their own decisions about their progress.

B. Summative assessment, on the other hand, may be seen as assessment of learning,

which occurs at the end of a particular unit. This form of assessment usually occurs
toward the end of a period of learning in order to describe the standard reached by the
learner. Often, this takes place in order for appropriate decisions about future learning
or job suitability to be made. Judgments derived from summative assessment are
usually for the benefit of people other than the learner (UNESCO-TLSF).

Summative assessment measures whether learners have met the content and
performance standards. Teachers must use methods to measure student learning that
have been deliberately designed to assess how well students have learned and are able to
apply their learning in different contexts. The results of

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him,
and he shall direct your paths

summative assessments are recorded and used to report on the learners'

achievement. Primarily, the results of summative assessment are reported to
the learners and their parents/guardians. In addition, these are reported to
principals/school heads, teachers who will receive the child in the next grade
level, and guidance teachers who should help students cope with challenges
they experience in school.

III. What is assessed in the classroom?

Assessment in the classroom is aimed at helping students perform well in relation to

the learning standards. Learning standards comprise content standards, performance
standards, and learning competencies that are outlined in the curriculum.
A. Content Standards identify and set the essential knowledge and understanding
that should be learned. They cover a specified scope of sequential topics within
each learning strand, domain, theme, or component. Content standards answer the
question, "What should the learners know?".

B. Performance Standards describe the abilities and skills that learners are expected
to demonstrate in relation to the content standards and integration of 21st- century
skills. The integration of knowledge, understanding, and skills is expressed
through creation, innovation, and adding value to products/ performance during
independent work or in collaboration with others. Performance standards answer
the following questions:
1. "What can learners do with what they know?"
2. "How well must learners do their work?"
3. "How well do learners use their learning or understanding in different
situations?"
4. "How do learners apply their learning or understanding in real-life contexts?"
5. "What tools and measures should learners use to demonstrate what they
know?"

C. Learning Competencies refer to the knowledge, understanding, skills, and attitudes

that students need to demonstrate in every lesson and/ or learning activity.

D. Concept Development
The learning standards in the curriculum reflect progressions of concept
development. The Cognitive Process Dimensions adapted from Anderson &
Krathwohl (2001) may be a good way to operationalize these progressions. It
provides a scheme for classifying educational goals, objectives, and standards. It
also defines a broad range of cognitive processes from basic to complex, as follows:
Remembering, Understanding, Applying, Analyzing, Evaluating, and Creating.
Each dimension is described in Table 1.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him,
and he shall direct your paths

To align the assessment process with the K to 12 curriculum, the adapted Cognitive Process

Dimensions may be used as guide not only in lesson development but also in the formulation
of assessment tasks and activities.

IV. How are learners assessed in the classroom?

Learners are assessed in the classroom through various processes and measures
appropriate to and congruent with learning competencies defined in the K to 12
curriculums. Some of these processes and measures may be used for both formative and
summative assessment, which have different goals. Learners may be assessed
individually or collaboratively.

Individual and Collaborative Formative Assessment

Individual formative assessment enables the learner to demonstrate independently what
has been learned or mastered through a range of activities such as check-up quizzes,
written exercises, performances, models, and even electronic presentations.

Collaborative formative assessment (peer assessment) allows students to support each

other's learning. Discussions, role playing, games, and other group activities

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
may also be used as performance-based formative assessment wherein learners
support and extend each other's learning.

Formative Assessment in Different Parts of the Lesson

Formative assessment may be integrated in all parts of the lesson. Basically, every
lesson has three parts: before the lesson, the lesson proper, and after the lesson.
Formative assessment conducted in each part serves a different purpose.

A. Before the Lesson

Formative assessment conducted before the lesson informs the teacher about the
students' understanding of a lesson/topic before direct instruction. It helps teachers
understand where the students stand in terms of conceptual understanding and
application. Formative assessment provides bases for making instructional
decisions, such as moving on to a new lesson or clarifying prerequisite
understanding.

B. During the Lesson Proper

Formative assessment conducted during the lesson proper informs teachers of the
progress of the students in relation to the development of the learning
competencies. It also helps the teacher determine whether instructional strategies
are effective. The results of formative assessment given at this time may be
compared with the results of formative assessment given before the lesson to
establish if conceptual understanding and application have improved. On this
basis, the teacher can make decisions on whether to review, re-teach, remediate, or
enrich lessons and, subsequently, when to move on to the next lesson.

C. After the Lesson

Formative assessment conducted after the lesson assesses whether learning
objectives were achieved. It also allows the teacher to evaluate the effectiveness of
instruction. Students who require remediation and/ or enrichment should be helped
by the teacher using appropriate teaching strategies.

Table 2 enumerates the purposes of formative assessments conducted before,

during, and after the lesson. It also shows examples of assessment methods.
Teachers should not limit the assessment methods they use to the examples
provided in the table on page 6.

There are two types of Rubrics for evaluating method of Student Evidence.
- Holistic Rubrics:
 Consists of single scale with all criteria to be included in the evaluation being considered
together (e.g., Clarity, Organization, and Mechanics) with a Holistic Rubrics the rater assigns
a single score (Usually on a 1 to 4 or 1 to 6 points scale) Based on an overall Judgment of the
student works.
- Analytic Rubrics:

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
 An analytic Rubrics Resemble a grid with the criteria for a student product listed in the
leftmost column and with level of performance listed across the top row often using numbers
and/or descriptive tags.
What is Sociology
- It is a branch of science that study of society
 Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of
human behavior
The Father of Sociology
- Auguste Comte
- Isidore – Auguste – Maie – Francois Xavier Comte
- Born on January 19, 1798 in Montellier France
- Died on September 5, 1857
- French Philosopher known as the Founder of sociology and of positivism. Comte gave the
science of sociology its Name and Established the New Subject in a Systematic Fashion
The Basic four Principles to Plaget’s infant cognitive development are schemas, Assimilation,
Accommodation and Adaption schemas are Defined as build blocks of knowledge. Assimilation is using
an existing schema to deal with a new object or situation.

Curriculum come from the Latin word “CURERE” which means?

- To run
- Student Running in the race course
- In new Latin. Curriculum means a course of
study Definition of Curriculum
- List of Subjects to be learned in school
- A series of topics or subjects matter under each subject area
- A discipline with principles, the ories, and practices aligned to the learner’s chosen academic
discipline.
- Learning experience (curricular, co-curricular and extra – Curricular)
- A List of competencies or intended learning outcome students need to attain.
An Essential educator who believed that the mission of a school system should be focused on intellectual
training
- Arthur Bestor
Who coined the term discipline?
- Joseph Schwab

Traditional perspectives or point of

view Robert M. Hutchin

- “Permanent Student/Subject”
- 3R’s – Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic
- Great books
Arthur Bestor
- Intellectual Training
- Fundamental Intellectual
Disciplines Joseph Schwab
- Coined “discipline”
- “Discipline” Ruling doctrine and source of curriculum

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Philip Phenix
- Various Disciplines

Progressivists
Perspectives John Dewey
- Education is experiencing “Reflective thinking”
- is a mean that unifies the curricular elements that us test by application.
- Learning by doing
Hillis Caswell and Kenn Campbell
- All Experiences children Have under the guidance of
teachers. Othaniel Smith, William Stanley and Harlen Shore
- Sequence of Potential
Experience Collin Marsh and George
Willis
- All the Experiences in the classroom

What Teacher conduct a series of evaluation to determine the extent of Teaching. What must be
implements?
- Assessed
What kind of curriculum is unintended and not within the intention of the curriculum?
- Hidden
Curriculum Type of
Curriculum

1. Supported – Learning Materians

2. Learned – Outcome student
3. Written – set of paper works
4. Taught – put in action
5. Assessed – series of evaluation
6. Hidden – unplanned activities
7. Recommended – Mandated by organizations (DEP-ED, TESDA, CHED, PAFTE, UNESCO)

Teacher Vee has been tasked to prepare the curriculum for the year. He writers daily guide in implementing
the curriculum in this situation. Is A/an?
- Planner

Teachers as

Curcicularist

1. Planner – Plans daily, Monthly and Year

2. Writer – Wites Curriculum plan
3. Knower – Knowledgeable about the subject matter
4. Initiator – initiates and Enchances learning
5. Innovator – makes adaptations on the Curriculum
6. Implementer – Gives Life to curriculum
7. Evaluator – Assess and

Evaluates Foundations of Education

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
The Department of Education gives greater emphasis on the development of basic skills. What is the
philosophical basis for this?
- Essentialism
Teacher M views his students as unique, free-choosing and responsible individuals. All classroom activities
revolve around the said premise. What theory underlies this?
- Existentialism
Religious rituals in the classroom and in the school, programs prove the deep natural religiosity of the
Filipinos. Which philosophy has greatly contributed to the tradition?
- Confucianism
In order to make Roman education truly utilitarian, how should the day-to-day lessons be taught?
- Related and linked to the events happening in everyday life
Which influenced the military training requirements among students in the secondary and tertiary levels?
- Romans
Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the teachings of the
Catholic church which is foster faith in God?
- Idealism
Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of good and beauty
consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this?
- Idealism
Giving education the highest budgetary allocation, the Philippine government recognizes the possible
contribution of its future citizens to the national development goals of the Philippine society. Which
stressed this goal of education for social transformation?
- Roman education
The progressivists emphasized the individuality of the child. What is the concern of the reconstructionist?
- Social problem
One of the following quotations does not conform to the Christian doctrine of Education for
Humanitarianism. Which one is it?
- Not on bread alone is man to live but on every utterance that comes from mouth of God
Scouting and Citizen's Army Training (CAT) give training in character-building, citizenship training,
etc.
Which leads to the creation of a new social order and a new society eventually. What philosophy supports
this?
- Social reconstructionism
Teacher V demonstrated the technique on how to group students according to their needs and interests
and how to use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is manifested in this activity?
- Progressivism
Teacher G, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much significance on values development and discipline.
What could be her educational philosophy?
- Idealism
Which one does not illustrate the principle that rights and duties are correlative?
- The right of an unmarried pregnant teacher to abort her baby in relation to her duty to protect
her name and her job as a teacher
Why should a teacher take the obligation upon himself to study and understand the custom and
traditions of the community where he works?
- To have a sympathetic attitude for the people of the community.
A teacher who is a recognized expert in carpentry works, taught his students how to prepare and construct
good and aesthetic furniture from local resources. What cultural transmission process is this?
- Enculturation

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Every first day of the school year, Miss Reyes prepared activities which will make her Grade 2 children,
sing, plan, learn and introduce themselves to the class. What process did the teacher emphasize?
- Socialization
Which program in the educational system seems to be aligned to the Christian humanitarian principle
respect for the human personality?
- The promotion of the basic human rights of the Filipino
With a death threat over his head, Teacher Liza is directed to pass an undeserving student, if she is a
hedonist, which of the following will she do?
- Pass the student. Why suffer the threat?
Which philosophy approves a teacher who lectures most of the time and requires his students to
memorize the rules of grammar?
- Idealism
In a student conducted, the pupils were asked which nationality they would prefer if given a choice.
Majority of the pupils wanted to be Americans. In this case, in which obligation relative to the state are
schools seemed to be failing?
- Promote national pride
Which subject in the elementary and likewise in the secondary schools are similar to the goal of Rome to
train the students for citizenship?
- THE/TLE
Which of the following schools practices is not based on Social Reconstructionism?
- Promoting culture and arts in schools

Which of the following is the focus of the Japanese education in the Philippines?
- Vocational and health education
According to reconstructionism, the goal of education is to bring about a new social order. Which practice
best manifests this view?
- The class undertakes well-planned projects in the community.
Teacher A, a Values Education teacher emphasizes ethics in almost all her lessons. Which of the following
emphasizes the same?
- Moral Education
Which reform in the Philippine Educational System advocates the use of English and Filipino as media of
instruction in specific learning areas?
- Bilingual Education
Activities planned by school clubs/ organizations show school-community connection geared towards
society's needs. What philosophy is related to this?
- Social reconstructionism
What philosophy is related to the practice of schools acting as laboratory for teaching reforms and
experimentation?
- Progressivism
Which of the following situations presents a value conflict?
- ans. The teacher has students whose parents want their children to obtain higher grades than
what they are capable of getting.
Which situation shows that a sense of nationhood is exemplified?
- The class conducted a debate using Filipino as medium
A teacher who believes in the progressivist theory of education would embrace certain reforms on
methodology. Which reform would be consistent with this theory?
- Active participation of teachers

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal and
unchanging truths?
- Perennialism
Which of the following is not a function of the school?
- Reproduction of species
Which move liberalized access to education during Spanish period?
- The establishment of at least one primary school for boys and girls in each
municipality Which of the following is the chief aim of Spanish education?
- Propagation of the Catholic religion
Which of the following is the aim of our education during the Commonwealth period?
- Purely nationalistic and democratic
Which of the following is not a reason why the basic education curriculum has been restructured?
- To help raise the achievement level of students
Which philosophy of education influence the singing of the National Anthem in schools?
- Nationalism
Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular homework, and
respect for legitimate authority?
- Essentialist
Which of the following is the main function of the philosophy of education?
- Define the goals and set the direction for which education is to strive
Homeroom advisers always emphasize the importance of cleanliness of the body. Children are taught
how to wash their hands before and after eating. What is this practice called?
- Social norm
Which curricular move served to strengthen spiritual and ethical values?
- Introduction of Values education as a separate subject area
The greatest happiness lies in the contemplative use of mind, said Plato. Which of the following activities
adheres to this?
- Introspection
Your teacher is of the opinion that the word and everything in it are ever changing and so teaches you the
skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
- Experimentalism
Teacher Myra says: "If it is billiard that brings students out of the classroom, let us bring it into the
classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math". To which philosophy does teacher Myra adheres to?
- Progressivism
Which of the following should be done to build a sense of pride among Filipino youth?
- Re-study our history and stress on our achievements as people
A teacher who subscribes to the pragmatic philosophy of education believes that experience study should
follow learning in her teaching. Which of the following does she do to support her belief?
- Providing learners opportunities to apply theories and principles
Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching?
- Zen Buddhism
Which of the following situation manifests a balance between teachers’ responsibility and accountability?
- She teaches as much as she could for duration of the period.

Essentialism

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Back to Basic
- 3R’s
- Traditiona
l Perennialism
- Everlasting unchanging Truths
- Teaching from the Great
book Progressivism
- Modern way of Teaching and
Learning Rationalism
- Reason as the Source
Empiricism
- Sense Experience is the True source of
knowledge Existentialism
- Freedom and
Responsibility Behaviorism
- Behavior instead of Through, Feelings or Motivations
- Environment
Constructivism
- Let the Child construct his own
Meaning Social Deconstructivism
- Teach the child to change the society
Utilitarianism
- Good of the
Many Pragmatism
- Practical
Usefulness Idealism
- Idea = Reality
- Perfection
Realism
- Reality exists independent of one’s mind
Hedonism
- Increase pleasure, decrease pain
Epicureanism
- Restrained kind of hedonism
- Mental
Stoicism
- Change what you can; accept what you cannot
Humanism
- Strong focus on students’ emotional wellbeing

Four pillars for (SDE) Sustainable Development

Education

1. Learning to know
2. Learning to live together
3. Learning to do
4. Learning to be

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Learning to Know
 The acquisition and development of knowledge and skills that are needed to function in the
world.
 Skills under the pillar of learning include literacy numeracy and critical thinking

- Learning to live together

 The development of social skills and values that enable individuals and societies to live in
peace and harmony.
 Respect and concern for other social and inter-personal skills and an appreciation of the
diversity among people

- Learning to do
 Acquisition of skills that would enable individual to effectively participate in the global
economy and society
 Skill that are often linked to occupational success, such as vocational and technical
skills, apprenticeships, and leadership and management competencies

- Learning to be
 Activities that promote holistic personal development (Body, Mind and Sprits) for an all-
round complete person
 Cultivating one’s self analytical and social Skills, Creativity personal discovery

The 5th pillar of Sustained Development Education

- Learning to transform oneself a society
 Working towards a gender-neutral nondiscriminatory society
 Integrating sustainable lifestyle for ourselves and others
 Being respectful of the earth and life in all its diversity
 Promoting democracy in society where peace prevails

Sensorimotor – (Birth – Age 1)

- Differentiate self from objects
- Self as agent or action
- Use of mental symbol
- Objects permanence by age 1
Preoperational – (age 2 – age 7)
- Use language
- Objects Represented by word and image
- Irreversibly of action
- Animism (all above)
- Decentration in thinking begins egocentric –
socialized Concrete operation (Age 7-11)
- Reversibility
- Decentration
- Conservation
Formal Operation (Age 12-15)
- Logical Thought about abstract propositions
- Testing hypotheses systematically

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Focus on the future, the hypothetical, and ideological problems

The global Style:

- Linked to right-hemisphere dominance in the brain
- Takes in information holistically
- Begins with understanding concept first, with mastery of details to follow
- Prefer music or other backgrounds

The analytical Style:

- Grounded in lift- hemisphere dominance in the brain
- Takes in information sequentially, step by step
- Preferring to learn a series of fact that led toward an understanding of a larger concept
- Requires orderly, quit surrounding

THE NINE TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN ALL SCHOOL

- Intrapersonal: Intrapersonal intelligence refers to self-awareness and people’s ability to
understand themselves. Do you understand what you are feeling and why you are feeling it?
Intrapersonal intelligence also involves appreciating and respecting the human condition, in
general, treating others the way you would like to be treated yourself.
- Interpersonal: Interpersonal intelligence or emotional intelligence refers to the link between
intelligence and emotions. Someone with interpersonal intelligence is good at sensing other
people’s emotions and reading their motives, this can be linked to both verbal and non-verbal
communication skills.
- Visual/spatial: Visual-spatial intelligence refers to people’s ability to view or visualise the world
in its three dimensions. When discussing visualising the world in 3D, it involves the following
capabilities: Mental imagery – being able to draw up an image or picture without an external
stimulus, drawing from memories or previous experience. In other words, the detail of someone’s
imagination. Spatial reasoning – being able to think about objects in 3D and draw generalisations
despite having limited information. Mention a pyramid, and people with visual-spatial
intelligence will be able to visualise how that pyramid will look from the front or the top. Image
manipulation
– being able to visualise changes to an image before they have been implemented. For example,
an artist visualising how their picture will look before they have drawn it. Artistic skills – being
able to create artwork, this also includes graphic skills. Visual-spatial intelligence and creativity
work hand-in-hand, drawing on an active imagination to produce impressive visual work.

- Naturalistic: Naturalist intelligence refers to the ability to read and understand nature. Having
sensitivity to the non-living elements of all living things is considered “nature smart”.
- Logical/Mathematical: Perhaps the most obvious of the nine kinds of intelligence, logical-
mathematical intelligence refers to someone’s ability to solve mathematical problems, spot trends
and patterns, and understand relationships. If someone possesses logical-mathematical
intelligence it means that order and sequencing feature greatly in their thinking process and they
can think conceptually and abstractly.
- Existential: Existential intelligence refers to deep sensitivity and people’s ability to handle deep
questions such as the meaning of existence, it’s one of the most complex of the nine types of
intelligence listed in Gardner’s research. People with existential intelligence are not only
comfortable talking about these serious questions but also strive to find the answer.
- Music/Rhythmic: Musical intelligence is the most self-explanatory of the nine types of intelligence,
it refers to someone’s ability to sense rhythm and sound and use this to create music.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Bodily/kinesthetic: Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence refers to mind and body co-ordination and is
very important in athletes. Athletic ability isn’t often referred to as intelligence, but kinesthetic
intelligence is measured on someone’s ability to use their physicality to manipulate objects and
other elements around them.
- Verbal/linguistic: Linguistic intelligence gauges someone’s ability to use words effectively. This
doesn’t necessarily mean learning another language, someone who exclusively uses one language
proficiently can still have linguistic intelligence. Being able to use the right words and express
what you mean is a unique skill that can be utilized in several different scenarios.

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT:
- The Curriculum refers to all learning experience within the context of Education.
- Curriculum Development is Defined as planned, a purposeful, progressive, and systematic
process to create positive improvements in the education system.
- A curriculum is evolving because it flows with social fluctuations.
- Schedule is the least important in examining the curriculum.
- The purpose of the school embodies the vision and mission statement of a school
- Tyler’s curriculum model is top-down.
- Understanding by Design (USD) was adapted by the Philippines in 2010. USD is an example
of recommended curriculum.
- Collections of lesson plans, curriculum guides and DapEd and CHED orders are written
curriculum.
- Textbooks and magazines belong to supported curriculum.
- When the curriculum aims to develop the whole child, this approach is Humanistic.
- Correlated curriculum is a curriculum design that blends various content courses.
- Education institution are primarily focused on academic training. This is in line with
intellectual development.
- Institutional curriculum refers to the curriculum derived from the societal level, with modification
by local educators or people.
- The curriculum perceived and experienced by each student, and may, therefor, vary among
learners because of individual differences is called experiential curriculum.
- Written curriculum includes documents, course of Study, or syllabi handed down to the school,
districts, division, departments, or colleges for implementation.
- Curriculum may be defined in many ways. This proves that the concept of curriculum may
be defined from different perspectives.
- A Curricularist is a person who is involved in curriculum knowing, writing, planning,
implementing, evaluating, innovating, and initiating.
- The teacher writes books, modules, laboratory manuals, instructional guides, and reference
materials in paper or electronic media, he/she is curriculum writer.
- It is the role of the teacher to make yearly, monthly or daily plan of the curriculum. He/she is a
curriculum planner.
- The curricularist attends to seminars, workshops and pursues graduate work. He/She is
curriculum Knower.
What should be the best description of teaching as a Profession?
- Teaching is the noblest profession.
Teaching is a universal vocation. Wherever the teacher is assigned, his or her primary concern is to ?
- Make the Student learn
All Filipino Professional teacher must have

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- A Professional teacher’s License
Learning is an active process. Which one is an application of the principle?
- Let Student learn the steps in opening a computer by making them follow the steps
With R.A. 9155, to which body were all the functions, programs, and activities of the Department of Education
related to Sports competition transferred?
- Philippine Sports Commission
Parenting style influences children’s development. Read the following parent’s remarks for their children then,
answer the question.
Parent C – Tells her child: “You should do it my way or else. There is no discussion.”
Parent D – Tells her husband: “It is 10:00 PM, do you know where your child is?”
Parent E – Tells her child: “You know, you should have not done that. Let’s talk about it so you can handle the
situation better next time.”
Parent F – Tells her child: “You may do what you want. We will always be here for you, no matter what you do.”

Which Parenting style is Authoritarian?

- Parent C – Tells her child: “You should do it my way or else. There is no discussion.”
Two identical beakers A and B are presented to the child. Teacher Sonny pours the liquid from B to C which is taller
and thinner than A and B but has equal capacity with B. The teacher asks if the beakers A and C have the same
amount of liquid. The child says “NO” and points to C as the beaker that has more liquid. In which cognitive
developmental stage is the child?
- pre-operational stage
To determine her students’ level of moral development, Teacher Evangeline presents to her class a morally
ambiguous situation and asks them what they would do in such a situation. On whose theory is Teacher
Evangeline’s technique based?
- Kohlberg
According to R.A. 9155, which among the following is considered the “heart of the formal education system”?
- The school
You arrange the rows of blocks in such a way that a row of 5 blocks is longer than a row of 7 blocks. If you ask which
row has more, Grade 1 pupils will say that it is the row that makes the longer line. Based on Piaget’s cognitive
development theory, what problem is illustrated?
- Conservation problem
According to R.A. 9155, a school head has two roles, namely administrative manager and .
- Instructional leader
After reading and paraphrasing Robert Frost’s Stopping by the Woods on Snowy Evening, Teacher Marko asked the
class to share any insight derived from the poem. In which domain in Bloom’s taxonomy of objectives is the term
paraphrase?
- Comprehension
Which characterizes a constructivist teaching-learning process?
- Conceptual interrelatedness
On what theory is the sequencing of instruction anchored?
- Gagne’s hierarchical theory
A common complaint of teachers about pupils is this: “You give them assignment, the following day they come
without any. You teach them this today, asks them tomorrow and they don’t know. It is as if there is nothing that
you taught them at all.” Based on the theory of information processing, what must teachers do to counteract pupil’s
forgetting?
I. Punish every child who can’t give correct answers to questions.
II.Work for meaningful learning by connecting lesson to what pupils know.
III. Reward every child who remembers past lessons.
- II and III
When small children call all animals “dogs”, what process is illustrated, based on Piaget’s cognitive development
theory?
- Assimilation

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Based on Bandura’s theory, which conditions must be present for a student to learn from a model?
I. Attention
II. Motor reproduction
III. Retention
IV. Motivation
I, II, III and IV
According to Tolman’s theory on purposive behaviorism, learning is goal-directed. What is its implication
to teaching?
- Evaluate lessons based on your objective/s
Which is the ideal stage of moral development? Stage of .
- Universal ethical principle
Cristina’s family had a family picture when she was not yet born. Unable to see herself in the family picture,
she cried despite her mother’s explanation that she was not yet born when the family picture was taken. What
does Cristina’s behavior show?
- Egocentrism
To help a student learn to the optimum, Vygotsky advises us to bridge the student’s present skill level and the
desired skill level by .
- Scaffolding
Based on Piaget’s theory, what should a teacher provide in the formal operational stage?
- Activities for hypothesis formulation
“Do not cheat. Cheating does not pay. If you do, you cheat yourself” says the voiceless voice from within you. In
the context of Freud’s theory, which is/are at work?
- Superego
Here are comments from School Head Carmen regarding her observations on teacher’s practice in lesson planning:
The words “identify,” “tell” and “enumerate” are overused. Many times they make use of non-behavioral terms.
Often their lesson objectives do not include value formation and inculcation.
What can be inferred from the School Head’s comments regarding teacher formulated lesson objectives?
- Very often lesson objectives are in the cognitive domain
Sassi, a Grade I pupil is asked, “Why do you pray every day?” Sassi answered, “Mommy said so.” Based on
Kohlberg’s theory, in which moral development stage is Sassi?
- Pre-convention level
Teacher Fatima tells her students: “You must be honest at all times not only because you are afraid of the
punishment but more because you yourselves are convinced of the value of honesty.” Based on Kohlberg’s theory,
which level of moral development does the teacher want her students to reach?
- post-conventional level
Why is babyhood referred to as a “critical period” in personality development? Because:
- At this time the foundations are laid upon which the adult personality structure will be built
It is good to give students creative learning tasks because .
- Development is aided by stimulation
According to Havighurst’s development tasks, reaching and maintaining satisfactory performance in one’s
occupational career is supposed to have been attained during .
- Middle age
Student Deina says: “I have to go to school on time. This is what the rule says.” In what level of moral development
is the student?
- Conventional
In planning for instruction, can a teacher begin with assessment?
- Yes, determine entry knowledge or skill
Which among the following is closest to the real human digestive system for study in the classroom?
- Model of the human digestive system
Here is a question: “Is the paragraph a good one?” Evaluate. If broken down to simplify, which is the
best simplification?
- Is the paragraph a good one? Why or Why not?

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Which one is in support of greater interaction?
- Probing
With this specific objective, to reduce fractions to their lowest terms, this is how the teacher developed the lesson.
Did the lesson begin with concrete experience then developed into the abstract?
- No
I want to compare two concepts. Which technique is most appropriate?
- Venn diagram
Which activity should a teacher have more for his students if he wants them to develop logical-mathematical
thinking?
- Problem solving
I want to use a pre-teaching strategy that will immediately engage my students in the content and will enable me to
get an insight into how students think and feel about the topic. Which is most appropriate?
- K-W-L chart
For a discussion of a topic from various perspectives, it is best to hold a .
- Panel discussion
After establishing my learning objectives, what should I do to find out what my students already know and what
they do not yet know in relation to my lesson objectives in the cognitive domain?
- Give a pretest
What characterizes genuine change? Change in .
- Substance
In which strategy, can students acquire information from various perspectives, and led to reflective thinking and
group consensus?
- Small group discussion
At the end of my lesson on the role of a teacher in learning, I asked the class: “In what way is a teacher
an enzyme?” With this question, it engaged the class in .
- Metaphorical thinking
Which must be primarily considered in the choice of instructional aide?
- Must be suited to the lesson objective
For lesson clarity and effective retention, which should a teacher observe, according to Bruner’s theory?
- Begin teaching at the concrete level but go beyond it by reaching the abstract
Is it advisable to use realia’s all the time?
- No, for the sake of variety of instructional materials
I want my students to look at the issues on the call for President Arroyo to step down from several perspectives.
Which activity is most fitting?
- Panel discussion
I intended to inculcate in my students the value of order and cleanliness. I begin my lesson by asking them to share
their experiences about the dirtiest and the cleanest place they have seen and how they felt about them. From there
I lead them to the consequences of dirty and clean home of surroundings. In my lesson development plan, how do I
proceed?
- Inductively
Teacher Neri wants to develop the ability of sound judgment in his students. Which of the following questions
should he ask?
- With the elements of a good paragraph in mind, which one is best written?
The teacher is the first audio-visual aid in the classroom. What does this imply?
- Your physical appearance and voice should be such that students are helped to learn
I used the gumamela flower, a complete flower, to teach the parts of a flower. Which method did I use?
- Type-study method
A teacher would use a standardized test .
- To compare her students to national norms
Other than finding out how well the course competencies were met; Teacher Kathy also wants to know her
students’ performance when compared with other students in the country. What is Teacher Kathy interested to do?
- Norm-referenced evaluation

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
I want to help my students retain new information. Which one will I use?
- Mnemonics
I want to use a diagram to compare the traditional and authentic modes of assessment. Which one is most fit?
- Venn diagram
A big story in your local newspaper. You want to use the headlines as an inquiry device. To increase
student participation, you might begin by .
- Asking the class to infer connotations and denotations from the headline
If a triadic interaction includes three (3) persons, how many persons are included in a dyadic interaction?
- Two
When I teach skills that are critical to the learning of the next topics, what should I employ?
- Mastery learning
I want my students to have mastery learning of a basic topic. Which can help?
- Drill
Teacher Feng wanted to teach the pupils the skill of cross stretching. Her check-up quiz was a written test on the
steps of cross stitching. What characteristic of a good test does it lack?
- Reliability
In the parlance of test construction, what does TOS mean?
- Table of Specification
If I favor “assessment for learning,” which will I do most likely?
I. Conduct a pre-test results
II. Teach based on pre-test results
III. Give specific feedback to students
IV. Conduct peer tutoring for students in need of help
I, II, III and IV
After a lesson on the atom, the students were asked to work on a physical model of the atom to determine learning.
For which group of students is building an atom model intended?
- Kinesthetically intelligent
If I want to develop creative thinking in my students, which one/s should I use?
I. Problem solving
II.Brainstorming
III. Dramatics
- I, II and II
Which is/are effective method/s in teaching students critical reading skills?
- Interpret editorials about a particular subject from three different newspaper
I want to present the characteristics features of a constructivist approach. What should I use?
- Attribute wheel
If all of your students in your class passed the pretest, what should you do?
- Go through the unit as usual because it is part of the syllabus
Teacher Vicky shows her students a picture of people in thick jackets. Then she asks them to tell her the kind of
climate when the picture was taken. If she asks 5 questions of this kind and her students do not get them, it is safe
to conclude that pupils are quite weak in the skill of .
- Inferring
Which must go with self-assessment for it to be effective?
- Scoring rubric
Which group of scores is most varied? The group with .
- 0.90 SD
The main purpose in administering a pretest and a posttest to students is to .
- Measure gains in learning
Assessment is said to be authentic when the teacher .
- Gives students real-life task to accomplish
The following are computed means of a hundred-item test: Physical science, 38; Math, 52; English, 33. Based on
the data, which is true?

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- The Math test appears to be the easiest among the three
An examinee whose score is within x + 1 SD belongs to which of the following groups?
- Average
Which is true of a bimodal distribution?
- The group has two different groups
When you reach the “plateau of learning”, what should you do?
- Reflect what caused it
What can be said if student performance in a positively skewed scores distribution?
- Most students performed poorly
A number of test items in a test are said to be non-discriminating? What conclusion/s can be drawn?
I. Teaching or learning was very good.
II.The item is so easy that anyone could get it right.
III. The item is so difficult that nobody could get it.
- II and III
A test item has a difficulty index of 0.51 and a discrimination index of 0.25. What should the teacher do?
- Revise the item
The difficulty index of a test item is 1. This means that .
- The test is very easy
If the compound range is low, this means that .
- The difference between the highest and the lowest score is low
What is the mastery level of a school division in a 100-item test with a mean of 55?
- 55%
A negative discrimination index means that .
- More from the lower group answered the test item correctly
In an entrance examination, student Anna’s Percentile is 25 (P25). Based on this Percentile rank, which is likely
to happen?
- Student Anna will not be admitted
What does a percentile rank of 62 mean?
- The student’s score is higher than 62 percent of all students who took the test
What does the computer have in common with the TV?
- Screen
Which depicts in graphic form the social relations present in a group?
- Sociogram
Planned ignoring, signal interference, and proximity control are techniques used in .
- Managing surface behavior
What should you do to get the child’s attention when she/he is distracted by an object in the room?
I. Call him by his name and tell him to pay attention
II.Put away the distracting influence
III. Involve him in helping with an activity
- I and II
Which practice in our present educational system is in line with Plato’s thought that “nothing learned under
compulsion stays with the mind”?
Making the teaching-learning process interesting
In Values Education, faith, hope, and love are believed to be permanent values whether they be valued by people or
not. Upon what philosophy is this anchored?
- Idealism
In the schools, we teach realities that cannot be verified by the senses like an Invisible God or Allah. Whose beliefs
does this practice negate?
- Empiricists’
Which emphasized on non-violence as the path to true peace as discussed in peace education?
- Hinduism
I make full use of the question-and-answer as a model for discussion. From whom is this question-and-answer

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
method?
- Socrates
A wife who loves her husband dearly becomes so jealous that in a moment of savage rage, kills him. Is the
wife morally responsible and why?
- Yes, she killed her husband simply because of jealousy
Martin Luther King Jr. once said, “Man may understand all about the rotation of the earth but he may still miss the
radiance of the sunset.” Which type of education should be emphasized as implied by Martin Luther King Jr.?
- Liberal education
Computer-assisted instruction is an offshoot of the theory of .
- B.F. Skinner
The use of varied teaching and testing strategies on account of students’ multiple intelligences is in line with the
thoughts of .
- Howard Gardner
Applying Confucius’s teachings, how would hiring personnel select the most fit in government positions?
- By government examinations
“Moral example has a greater effect on pupils’ discipline than laws and codes of punishment” is an advice of
teachers from .
- onfucius
“The principle of spontaneity against artificiality will make you accomplish something. Leave nature to itself and you
will have harmony” is an active advice from the ¬.
- Taoist
The significance of liberal education in holistic development of students is supported by .
- Perennialism
Is a sick teacher, the only one assigned in a remote school, excused from her teaching duty?
- Yes, she is sick
What is a demonstration of your authority as a professional teacher?
- You decide on how to teach a particular lesson
Which statement on true authority is wrong?
- It seeks its own satisfaction and privilege
When a teacher teaches the idea that it is wrong to think that Filipino lifestyle, products and ideas are inferior to
those of other nationalities, he fights against .
- Xenocentrism
Teacher Lolita, a teacher for forty years, refuses to attend seminars. She claims that her forty years of teaching is
more than all the seminars she is asked to attend. Is her actuation and thinking in accordance with the Code of
Ethics for Professional Teachers?
- No, a professional teacher, regardless of teaching experience, ought to go through continuing professional
education*****
A principal asked her good teachers to write modular lessons in Science, and then she had them published with her
name printed as author. Which is unethical in this case?
- She got the merit which was due for her teacher-writers
Is it ethical on the part of the teacher to proselyte in her classroom every Friday?
- No, a teacher shall not engage in the promotion of his/her religious interest in the classroom
Which can promote national pride among pupils/students?
I. Studying the lives of outstanding Filipinos here and abroad
II.Reading the lives of saints of the Church
III. Studying Philippine history with emphasis on the victories and greatness of the Filipino people
- III only
Why is the exodus of Filipino professionals described as “brain drain”?
I. Those who go abroad are usually the better
II.Filipino professionals serve other countries instead
III. They contribute to nation building through their dollar remittances
- I & II

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
You want to report on a colleague's act of immorality. You don't have the courage to confront her. To end her illicit
affair with a married man you write and secretly distribute copies of your anonymous letter against your fellow
teacher. What should have been done instead?
- If the charge is valid; present such charge under oath before your school head
Teachers often complain of numerous non-teaching assignments that adversely affect their teaching. Does this
mean that teachers must be pre-occupied only with their teaching?
- Yes, if they are given other assignments, justice demands that they be properly compensated
My right ends where the rights of others begin. What does this mean?
- Rights are not absolute
History books used in the schools are replete with events portraying defeats and weaknesses of the Filipino people.
In the spirit of nationalism, how should you tackle them in the classroom?
- Present the facts and use them as means to teach and inspire your class
Should an association of teachers obey a Supreme Court’s decision even if it conflict with its interest and opinions?
- Yes
A teacher does not agree with the selective retention policy of the school and she openly talks against it in her
classes. Is her behavior ethical?
- No, it is her duty to faithfully carry it out even if she does not agree
If you have a problem with another teacher, the first step towards resolution should be for you to:
- Talk directly with the teacher involved
What is ethical for you to do if deep within your heart you do not agree with the school policy on student absences?
- Understand the policy and support the school in its implementation

GENERAL EDUCATION: Social

Science Teresa Magbanua:

- Visayan of Joan of
ARC Agueda Kahabagan
- Tagalog of Joan of
ARC Januario Galut
- The traitor of Battle of Tirad Pass cause the death of General Gregorio Del
Pilar Daniel Terona
- Provoke /Insulting Andress Bonifacio on Tejeros Convention in
1897 Teodoro Patiño
- Traitor of Katipunan
Addressing a person has a
polio
- HAD POLIO
The Last Painting of Juan Luna
- Spoliarum
The First seafarers who arrives in the Philippines
- Indonesian
Migration Theory introduce by:
- Otley Beyer
Migration Theory Compose of three Groups (A.I.M)
- Aeta or Negritos – Aboriginal
- Indonesians – The Fist Seafarers
- Malays – The Second Seafarers

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Aeta or Negritos They are Aboriginal Settler.
- Meaning they are here already they not migrated
Who is greatest hero in Malayan Race?
- Jose Rizal
Pre-Spanish Period Social Class
- MAHARLIKA O NOBLES
 They are called No Ball/ Walang Bayag.
 The higher Person in Pre-Spanish period
- Timawa o Freeman
 Second Highest next to Maharlika
- Alipin/Salaves
 Alipin or Soldier or slaves
(a) There are two types: of Alipin or Slaves:
(i) Aliping Namamahay was a Servant that lived in their own little house. On
the Property of their Master.
(ii) Aliping Sagigilid a Servant that lived around the house of their Master.

Considered to be the first school of pre-colonial Pilipino

- Bothoan
Notable Term in Pre-Spanish Period:
- Igorot – Found Cordilleras and they the first People do the Mummification
- Pintados – tattooed People from Panay
- Bothoan – Is the School In the ancient Philippines, children were given the rudiments of
education. Such education was both academic and vocation. The father trained his sons to be
warriors, hunters, fishermen, miners, lumbermen, and shipbuilders. The mother on her part
trained her daughters in cooking, gardening, serving, and other household arts.
- Baybayin- the oldest System of
Writing Early Traders:
- Orang Dampuan from Vietman
- Banjarmasin From Indonesia
- Chinese From ming
Dinasty Religion
- Paganism – Meaning believe in many Gods.
- Animism – Meaning Believe in the sun and Moon any animated
Object. Economy in Pre-Spanish
- Barter/Trading
Sanduguan/Blood
Compact
- The Seal of
Friendship System of
Government
- Highest person called “DATU”
 Datu Taga Pag Patupad ng Batas Taga Gawa ng Batas
 Creates and Implements the LAWs he Promulgated Barangay
 Population in Barangay – 40 to 100 Peoples
- Umalohokan – Town Crier / Barangay
Announcer From of Punishment
- Trial by Order

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
 It’s basically a method of judgement wherein an accused party would be asked to do
something dangerous. If he luckily survives, he would be consider innocent otherwise, he
would be proclaimed Guilty.
Coming of Western Colonizers:
- Treaty of Tordesillas;
 On June 7, 1949. The Government of Spain and Portugal Agreed to the Treaty of
Tordesillas named by for the city in Spain. Which it was created. The Treaty of
“Tordesillas” neatly divided the “NEW WORLD” of the American Between the two
Superpower.
- They Divided in
TWO The Order Spanish
Expedition
 MALOCASAVIPI
- Ferdinan MAGELLAN
- Garcia Jofre Loaisa (1525)
- Sebastian Cabot (1526)
- Alvaro de Saavedra (1527)
- Rudy Lopez Villalobos (1542)
- Miguel Lopez de Legaspi (1564)
Magellan Name the Philippines Before Called Archipelago of St
Lazarus Loaisa, Cabot, Saavedra, died on the travel
Villalobos Name the Philippines into LAS ISLA FILIPINAS in honored for the king of
Spain Legaspi – the First Governor General and Missionary Augustinian.

Order of missionary in the Philippines

- Augustinian
- Franciscans (1578)
- Jesuit (1581)
- Dominican (1587)
- Recollect/Recollectos (1606)
- And the last is Benidicts
The first circumnavigate the earth: Magellan
The First Man to Circumnavigate the world: Elcano

Philosophy gives prominence to Faith in Understanding the Existence of GOD

- Augustine
Philosophy for
reason
- St Thomas
Aquinas On March 16,
1521
- Magellan arrives in the Philippines bringing the Five Boat.
 Trinidad
 Santiago
 Victoria
 San Antonio
 Concepcion
Magellan: Ride on the boat name Trinidad
- The only boat return to Spain is Victoria and the Passenger Name is Subastian Elcano take over

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
the command after the death of Magellan.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Magellan Translator: Enrique of
Malacca Magellan Writer: Antonio
Figafetta

When Magellan Arrive in Limasawa Island he talk and make friends with Datu Rajah Kulambo
- The first blood compact with Magellan and Rajah Kulambo
- The first blood compact with Legaspi is Rajah Sikatuna that Happen
Bohol. On March 31, 1521
- The first mass in Limasawa Island
- The officiating priest is Padre/Father Pedro
Valderama On April 21, 1521
- Magellan went to Cebu to Baptize Rajah Humabon and his Wife. And Magellan give a gift the
San Niño.
On April 27, 1521
- Magellan Went to Mactan, But Lapulapu did not like the presents of Magellan and that the
beginning of the Battle in Mactan
The Social Classes During The Colonization
- Peninsulares – a Spaniard born in Spain residing in the New World, Spanish East Indies, or
Spanish Guinea
- Insulares – criollos (full-blooded Spaniards born in the colonies) born in the Philippines or
the Marianas
- Mestizo – a man of mixed race, especially one having Spanish and Indigenous descent.
- Prinsipalia - Noble Class was the ruling and usually educated upper class in the pueblos of
Spanish Philippine, comprising the gobernadorcillo (later called the captain municipal and had
function similar to a town mayor ), teniente de justicia (lieutenants of Justice), and The Cabezas
de Barangay ( heads of the Barangay)
- Indio – Indigenous People of The
Philippines Spanish Colonization Policy
- Pueblo – town
- Tributo – Buwis
- Cabecera – Town Center
- Reduccion – Resettlement
- Bandala – Product Tax
- Polo y Servicio – Forced Labor
- Falla – Exemption Fee
- Alcaldia – Pacified area by the Spaniards
- Corregimientos – Unpacified area by the Spaniards
- Ayuntamiento – Center
Trade The Spanish Governor General
- Miguel Lopez Legapi – the First Governor General
- Diego De Los Rios – the Last Governor General
- Jose Basco – Tabaco Monopoly
- Narcis Claveria – Author or Spanish/Pilipino Surenam
- Carlos Maria De La Torre – The Most Loved
- Rafael de Izquierdo – Cause the execution of Gumburza
- Eulogio Despujol – Ordered the Arrest of Rizal and Throw in Dapitan
- Camilo Polavieja – Cause the Excution of
Rizal Secularization Movement

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Padre Pedro Pelaez
- Cavity Mutiny
- Execuation of Gumburza
First Labor Union of the
Philippines
- Union Obrera Democratica by: Isabelo De los
Reyes The Old Name of Edsa During World War II
- Hihway 54
Pilipino would sing this song in Preparation for war battle
- Kumntiang
Propaganda Movement Objective
- To became a Province of
Spain The Triumvirate/ The tree
- Graciano Lopez Jaena
 First Editor of La Solidaridad
 Great Order
 Pen Name – Diego Laura
 Pray Botod
- Marcel H. Del Pilar
 Father of Philippine Journalism
 Father of Mansory of Through Philippines
 Pen Name – Plaridel , Dolores Mandapat, Piping Dilar, Siling Labuyo
 Diariong Tagalog, Dasalan at Toksohan
 Second Editor of La
Solidaridat The Father of Pahayagang Tagalog
- Pascual Poblete

Which statement is TRUE of the pre-Spanish Filipino government?

- The datu exercised all power of government.
What characteristic/s of government is established by the 1987 Constitution?
I.Presidential system of government with three branches
II.Parliamentary system of government
III. The three branches of government are separate and independent of one another
IV. The three branches of government have a check and balance over one another
- I, III , and IV
If our present government is a democracy, where does power reside?
- In the Filipino People
In President Quezon’s time, the country had the Philippine Commonwealth. What is TRUE about
Philippine
Commonwealth? The Filipino people .
- Were partially independent
In the decade of the 70’s, one clamor of the activists who staged street demonstration on the streets was
“Down with the oligarchs!” What did they accuse government of as suggested by the underlined word?
Government was .
- A rule of the few rich
With the Batasang Pambansa performing legislative and executive powers in the Marcos regime, which
form of government was implemented?
- Parliamentary

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
What form of government is characterized by the separation of powers?

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Presidential
To which type of political system do we belong?
- Democracy
In which form of government does power or authority reside in a few persons who govern for their interest?
- Oligarchy
Which of the following represents the smallest sub-unit of government in the Philippines at present?
- Barangay
The Philippine government is divided into three branches : executive , legislative and judiciary. Which
among the following doctrines best describes the model of governance in the Philippines?
- Separation of powers
The Philippine legislature is divided into two major bodies, the Senate and the House of Representative.
Which among the following best describes the division of the legislative body of the country?
- Bicameralism

Which type of governance is characterized by a union of partially self- governing states or region united
by a central government?
- Federalism
In England, Queen Elizabeth acts as head of state. This country also has a parliament and a Prime
Minister. Which among the following best describes the form of government in this country?
- Constitutional Monarchy
In Which form of government are all citizen treated as equals on certain dimensions such as religion,
politics, economics, social status and culture?
- Egalitarianism
What human right is violated when one opens a letter without permission from the addressee?
- Right to privacy of communication and correspondence
When an individual is imprisoned without proper investigation what right is violated?
- Right to due process of law
What law was passed by Philippine Congress in 1995 which affirms the total integration of persons with
disabilities into the mainstream of society?
- Republic Act No. 7277 / An Act Providing For The Rehabilitation, Self-Development And Self-
Reliance Of Disabled Person And Their Integration Into The Mainstream Of Society And For
Other Purposes.
Which is the best definition of inclusive education endorsed by DepEd?
- It is flexible and individualized support system for children and youth with special education
needs.

Read the text below then answer item #20

Inclusion is a basic right of every Filipino child with special needs to education, rehabilitation, support
services, work training and employment opportunities, community participation and independent living.

To prepare teachers to handle inclusive education what specialization is offered in teacher education
institutions?
- Special Education

Read the text below then answer items 21- 22 .

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Article XIV Section of the 1987 Philippine Constitution mandates that the “State shall protect and
promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make
such educations accessible to all.”

Which of the goals of Education For all (EFA) 2015 aims to achieve the above-mentioned constitutional
mandate?
- Universal completion of full cycle of basic education schooling with satisfactory achievement
levels by all at every grade or year.
What is the best indicator of “quality education” as invoked in the Constitution?
- Generation of reliable measurements of education outcomes
An individual has the right to file writ of amparo before the investigation of an administrative case filed
against him/her. What fundamental right is invoked by the individual?
- Right to life, liberty and
security What is the writ of habeas
data?
- Right to information privacy

The Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers Provides that a “Teacher has the right and duty to determine
the academic marks and the promotion of learners. What is the obligation of the teacher in relation to the
aforementioned right as mandated in the Education Act of 1982?
- Refrain from making deductions in students’ scholastics ratings for acts not of poor scholarship.
When a teacher is charged with an administrative case committed in the lawful discharge of professional
duties, what right may the teacher invoke for her defense?
- Right to be provided with free legal service by the appropriate office
What is the teacher’s accountability in the achievement of quality education?
- Be accountable for the effective attainment of specified learning objectives and outcomes
Which is the overriding aim of the constitutional mandate on social justice?
- To bridge the gap between the rich and the poor
Which principle states that no man in this country is above the law and that law must be obeyed by all and
applied to everyone- rich or poor, lowly or powerful- without fear or favor?
- Rule of law
In connection with government transactions involving public interest, which policy is adopted in the
Constitution to assure the public of accountability and transparency?
- Full public disclosure
Filipino citizens have the power to participate in the establishment or administration of government such
as right to vote and be voted upon as an exercise of .
- Political rights
Can the accused waive his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel?
- No, except in writing and in the presence of counsel
Which is right violated by wiretapping?
- The right of privacy of communication
Which act is a deprivation of life without due process?
- Salvaging
Is land grabbing an act of deprivation of property without due process?
- Yes
Can you be arrested without warrant of arrest?
- Yes, if you are in the act of committing a
crime Can religious instruction be taught in public
school?

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
I. Yes, if given free.
II. Yes, if given outside class hours.
III. Yes, only to those children whose parents give their consent in writing.
I: Yes, if given free and III: Yes, only to those children whose parents give their consent in
writing Can an accused avail of free legal assistance?
- Yes, provided he is classified as poor litigant by the court.
My right is another man’s duty. Which one CORRECTLY illustrates this?
- My right to my private property requires my neighbor’s duty not to trespass the same.
Every right has a built-in duty. Which of the following illustrates this CORRECTLY?
- I have the right to drive my car but I must see it to that I obey traffic
rules. Can a person be imprisoned for debt?
- No
What does “presumption of innocence’’ mean in so far as human rights is concerned?
- A suspect remains innocent until proven guilty
No person may be elected as President of the Philippines unless he/she is a .
- Natural born citizen
Who does the canvassing of votes for President and Vice President in every election?
- Joint Committee of Congress
All appropriations, revenue or tariff bills shall originate exclusively from the .
- House of Representatives
Which department has the authority to make laws and to alter them when needed?
Legislative
A bill becomes a law even if not signed by the President after days.
- 30
Which refers to the act of the President to stay the execution of a convict?
- Reprieve
Who has the power to declare the existence of a state of war?
- Congress
A losing senatorial candidate my file a protest against the winner. What body will assume jurisdiction
over the case?
- Electoral Tribunal
How is the crime of rape classified?
- Heinous
All Filipino citizens have the right to vote and to be voted upon as a government official. What is this
constitutional right called?
- Suffrage
Any individual has the right to question why he is being arrested, and to summon his accusers to court so
that due process may be performed. This right is embodied in which of the following?
- Habeas corpus
Which among the following represents the political process involved in amending or revising the Philippine
Constitution to adapt to the present Philippine situation?
- Charter change

PHILIPPINE HISTORY
Trace the history of the Philippines from pre-colonial to contemporary periods.
Draw the implications of the historical evolution of the Philippines to its present socio-political condition.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Which is TRUE of the historical development of the Philippines?
- It has evolved from a colony to a fully independent nation.
Which problem is common from the presidency of Marcos, Aquino, Ramon, Estrada, Macapagal-Arroyo
and Benigno Aquino III?
- Peace and security
Basically, the Philippine agrarian problem is a question of .
- Land distribution
Every elected President of the Philippines delivers SONA. What does SONA mean?
- State of the Nation Address
Rizal founded the La Liga Filipina to .
I. Unite the whole country
II. Fight the violence and injustice
III. Revolt against the Spaniards
- I and II
Which is TRUE of the Philippines?
- It has been part of the world’s economy since the Spanish colonial rule.
Which is TRUE of the Philippines?
- There have been attempts to change its government to a parliamentary form.
As a result of EDSA I, the Philippines .
- became known worldwide for its People Power
Revolution Which is TRUE of former –president Corazon
Aquino?
I. The first female president of the Philippines.
II. The first female president in Asia.
III. Describe as the “Icon of democracy “
- I, II and III
A year ago “Cha-Cha” and “con ass” were popular words in the Philippines. With which were the
words “Cha-Cha” and “con ass” associated?
- Amendment of the Present Constitution
The Philippine revolts against Spanish, the Philippine–American War, the Muslim rebellion, the NPA,
the MILF, and Abu Sayyaf movement point to the reality of in the Philippines.
- Insurgency
Which of the following was the first to happen?
- The Philippines was ceded to the US by the Treaty of Paris.
With whom is the “Strong Republic” associated?
- Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
Which of the four pillars of education for the 21st Century in the light of conflicts between Israel and
Palestine ?
- Learning to live together
Who is the general who said , “I shall return !”? A Monument in his honor stands in Corregidor by the Bay.
- Douglas McArthur
In 1565 Legaspi concluded a blood compact with the chief of Bohol. Who is referred to?
- Sikatuna
The Japanese successful invasion was climaxed by the surrender of the joint Filipino American forces on
May 6, 1942. Where did this happen?
- Corregidor
The Philippines objected to the advisory on travels to Mindanao by the Australian Government. What
should government do?

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- File diplomatic protest
Foreign investors are discouraged in doing business in our country. To what condition/s can this be
attributed?
I.Deteriorating peace and order
II.Poor technology
III. High tariffs
IV. Poor standards
- I and II
Who is the President who is known for his “Filipino First Policy” and Austerity Program?
- Carlos P. Garcia
Pre–Colonial Trade in Philippines was prosperous. What system did they use for their business
transactions?
- Barter
After Negritos, what was the second group of people who migrated by sea to the Philippines?
- Indonesians
Foreign influences are evident on most aspects of Filipino culture including Philippine Languages. Form
which Asian language do these words come: alam, hukom, salamat?
- Arabic
What is considered the earliest form of writing in the Philippines?
- Alibata
Who was the American president who proclaimed the Benevolent Assimilation policy during the American
colonial years of the Philippines?
- William Mckinley
Who first introduced the Islamic Religion to the Philippines?
- Mukdum
The following were aong the five ships involved in Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage EXCEPT .
- Cartagena
Who was among the last generals who fought the Americans and established the so-called “Tagalog
Republic”?
- Macario Sakay
In Philippine History, who was known “The Great Dissenter”?
- Claro M. Recto
During the Spanish Era, who was the revolutionary leader who waged a long war against the government
because it did not allow proper burial for his brother?
- Francisco Dagohoy
The late president Ferdinand Marcos places the Philippines under Martial Law through which of the
following laws?
- Proclamation 1081
What building was the only one left intact after the destruction of Intramuros during the Battle of
Manila?
- San Agustin Church
What was the first book published in the Philippines?
- Doctrina Christiana
The world of nation is suffering from recession and so nations are experiencing the following
EXCEPT .
- businesses are raking bigger profits
When one company controls the supply of sugar, which term applies?

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Monopoly
Tomatoes are off season and so price for tomatoes is up. Which law/ principle in Economics explain it?
- Law of supply and
demand Which explains GNP?
- The total value in pesos of goods and services produced during the year
How can the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program bring about social equity economic prosperity in
the country?
I. By distributing the agricultural lands to landless farmers free of charge
II. By transferring the ownership of land to farmers for a value
III. By helping the affected landowners land compensation in viable business activities
IV. By providing support services to farmer-beneficiaries
- II, III, and IV
While in the capitalist system, “to the strongest goes the spoil”, what happens in the cooperative system.
- Goods are distributed among the members.
The comprehensive Agrarian reform and cooperatives are meant to .
bridge the gap between the rich and the poor
When parents decide to send their children to private school and pay their tuition fee instead of sending
them to the public school, they don’t get their share in the benefit derived from the taxes they pay. This is
a case of .
- double taxation
Which one CORRECTLY applies to Philippine foreign trade?
- The Philippines spends more on imports than it earns from exports.
The ultimate objective of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform is to .
- abolish share tenancy in favour of lease tenancy
What is true of progressive system of taxation?
- The rate of tax increases as the income tax base or income bracket increases.
I rent out for P 10,000 per month my only building and lot to the Jesus is Lord Group uses it exclusively
for religious purposes. I am exempt from payments of .
- property tax
You are member of a cooperative which operates taxis tricycles and buses. Of which type of a cooperative
are you a member?
- Service cooperative
You have a property worth P 500, 000. The tax is 1% he pays P5000. If his property is worth P 1, 000,000
he pays P 10, 000. Which does this illustrate?
- Progressive taxation
Which is an unlawful act of escaping from payment of taxes?
- Evasion
Which is required of cooperative members for the operation of their cooperative?
- Share capital
The primary purpose of taxation is to .
- raise revenue for the support of government
Which is/are essential for the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program to truly succeed?
I. Granting the beneficiaries, the right to sell the piece of land awarded to them
II. Change of heart of the landlords and
lawmakers III.Education of the beneficiaries
- II and III
Which is/ are TRUE of cooperatives and the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform?

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
I.Intended to eliminate poverty in Philippine society
II.Meant to alleviate poverty
III. Are programs for empowerment
- II and III
Which assumption underlies the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program?
- People are more productive if they own what they cultivate.
What does “capital” in economics refer to?
- Money/machines invested to transact business
What results when the government spends more than what it collects in the form of taxes?
- Fiscal deficit
What is the type of cooperative which promotes thrift among members and creates funds in order to be
able to grant loans?
- Credit
One of the major functions of taxes is to finance real government expenditures. This function can simply
be stated as to .
- raise revenues
Which term refers the measures undertaken by the government which would remove anything that hinders
the entry of foreign products, services and capital between countries?
- Liberalization
What do we call the sum of money collected for our use of a road, bridge and highway?
- Toll
Which term refers to duties payable on goods, whether imported or exported?
- Tariff
Which term refers to the social aspect of sex or to socially defined roles and expectations that are
associated with sex?
- Gender
Among the developing Asian nations, which of the following is widely promoted to be the better solution
to poverty and unemployment?
- Industrialization
Stagflation occurs when the economy experiences .
- rising prices and falling output
Which among the following is an example of transfer payment?
- Unemployment benefits
Which among the following best describes a recession?
- A fall in real GNP over two
consecutive time periods.
Gross Domestic Product is the sum of the market value of the .
- final goods and services
Which of the following statements is TRUE about a market economy?
- Market participants act as if guided by an invisible hand to produce outcomes that maximize
social welfare.
In a free-economy the allocation of resources is determined by .
- consumer preferences
Trade-offs are required because wants are unlimited and resources are .
- marginal
Raising taxes and increasing welfare payments .
- improve equity at the expense of

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
efficiency
The burden of a tax falls more heavily on the sellers in a market when .
- demand is elastic and supply is inelastic

SOCIETY AND CULTURE WITH FAMILY PLANNING

Apply basic concept, theories and perspectives which relate to society, culture and family planning in
life. Recognize cultural elements that are distinctly Filipino.
PRACTICE TEST: Choose the letter that corresponds to the best
answer. Which situation is the BEST example of a culture shock?
- A native from New Zealand is so afraid of the big crowd in malls and along the roads during rush
hours that he remarked “so many people!”
Under which group do the Sunday churchgoers in a Cathedral fall?
- Secondary group
Which does one portray when he thinks that what is foreign is best and that what is local is inferior?
- Xenocentrism
Upon which is based the claim that there is no single universal standard to be used to judge any culture-
based?
- Cultural relativism
You will be in good hands when your host is a Filipino because one outstanding trait of Filipinos is
.
- hospitality
The Philippines is dominantly a Christian country in the Orient, yet according to survey it is on the top 5
as the most corrupt nation in Asia. What does this point to in Philippine Society?
- Lack of cultural integration
You have to take extra care when you critique the work of a Filipino. Your negative comment may be
mistaken to be attack against his/her person. Upon which Filipino trait is this advice based?
- Extreme personalism
The expression promdi connotes .?
- ethnocentris
Children learn how to open a coconut and other common chores in a coconut farm. In this instance culture
is transmitted by .
- immersion
When a person shows the ability to understand and appreciate the similarities and differences in
the customs, values, and beliefs of one’s culture, he/she is said to .
- possess multicultural literacy
Which of the following statements accurately reflects a strong “school culture?”
- Has definite organizational core values
What are considered major goals of multicultural education?
I. Catering to diversity of learners
II. Considering social class and ethic groups
III. Providing equal opportunities to education IV. Helping individuals and groups survive
despite differences in culture and beliefs.
- I, II, III, and IV
World history recorded that art became emotional and dramatic during the Renaissance. What popular
painting is part of the “idyllic golden age” of art?
- Mona Lisa by Da Vinci
The cultural heritage of Southeast Asia has been designated by UNESCO as .

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- World Heritage Sites
Teachers should be encouraged to teach folk knowledge because .
- It is crucial in facing the basics of daily living.
What does a Professional Code of Ethics prescribe for
all?
- Moral standards and ethical behavior
“Man is to be hailed as a social being.” What does this line mean?
- He does not live only for himself.
Which is at the base of a triangle that shapes us into what we are?
- Heredity
How do you describe a typical social structure which describes a pattern through which relationships at
work are ordered?
- Bureaucratic
A society cannot exist without a government. Which word is synonymous with government?
- Authority
What does “nuclear family” consist of?
- Father, mother, sons and daughters
What is the principal means through which culture is transmitted from generation to generation?
- Language
Material culture refers to the tangible and concrete objects produced by man. Which are examples of
material culture?
- Stone walls of Tasadays
Which human need is considered basic?
- Security
Which among the following represents a detrimental aspect of Philippine culture and society?
- Ningas cogon
Which among the following pertains to the passionate Filipino dance that makes use of a fan or
handkerchief to illustrate a couple in romance?
- Carińosa
Which of the following best describes the concept of society?
- Organized interaction of people sharing land and culture
The primary biological limitation of natural family planning is that it is ?
- only suitable for females with regular periods
Which of the following types of societies came first during societal evolution?
- Horticultural
In a sociological sense, earning a 1.0 Grade Weighted Average (GWA) makes you a deviant
because .
- A GWA of 1.0 is not a norm
What is the underlying theory of the belief that the DepED and other stakeholders should exert deliberate
efforts to construct a satisfying culture for education?
- Cultural Revitalization Theory
What committee was founded in 1978 to promote effective cooperation and enhance solidarity among the
peoples of ASEAN?
- Committee on Culture and Information
Teachers should be encouraged to teach folk knowledge because .
- it is crucial in facing the basics of daily living.
If one agrees with Rizal on the best way to redeem our country, what should he do?
- Work for quality education for all.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Based on his work “Sa Aking Mga Kababata”, would Rizal favor the use of mother tongue in the
early
grades?
- Yes.
How did Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere contribute to the development of his countrymen?
- It awakened them to the oppressive rule of Spain.
If they were to come back to life, who among the following would be the most vocal to speak against the
country’s foreign policy of close association with America?
- Claro M. Recto, Leon Ma. Guerrero
Why was Melchora Aquino arrested and exiled to Guam? Because she ?
- supplied the Katipuneros with food and clothing
To stimulate the nation’s economy and increase employment, former President Diosdado Macapagal
.
- abolished government repressive controls
In his “La Indolencia del Filipino”, Rizal’s thinking was the rich natural resources of the Philippines and
the favorable climates were not a blessing after all for the Filipino. Which explains this?
- encouraged the “get-by” mentality
“There are no tyrants where there are no slaves. “Which logically explains this?
I. If the Filipinos were treated as slave by the Spaniards it was because they allowed themselves to
be treated as such.
II. It was equally the fault of the Filipinos why the Spaniards treated them as slaves.
III. The Spaniards were tyrants and so they treated the Filipino as slaves.
- I and II
In what sense is the Filipino linked to a bamboo?
- He is flexible
The Filipino’s indomitable spirits is shown in his .
- Ability to survive
On which Filipino trait does Gawad Kalinga build on?
- Bayanihan spirit
Out of used illustration boards, students came up with a cute and functional bag for school children. Which
Filipino trait is exhibited?
- Creativity
To which trait are the organization and success of cooperatives in the country attributed?
- Pagsasamahansakabuhayan
Noli me Tangere was Jose Rizal’s first novel. Experts consider this work historically significant because
it
was instrumental in establishing which of the following?
- National identity
Which among the following is NOT a Filipino quality emphasized in the Noli Me Tangere of Dr. Jose
Rizal?
- Innate subversiveness
In Rizal’s time, which among the following were pressing issues in the Philippine society that were
presented in the El Filibusterismo?
I. Educational reform
II. Superstition masquerading as
religion III.Abuses of friars
- I, II and III
Which among the following is the main theme of the El Filibusterismo?
- Ideal means of achieving social reform
LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Apolinario Mabini was known as the “sublime paralytic”. Which among the following represents his most
significant contribution to the development of the Filipino nation?
- Resilience despite affliction
Marcelo H. Del Pilar demonstrated a militant and progressive outlook derived from the classic
Enlightenment tradition of the French philosophers and the scientific empiricism of the European
bourgeoisie. Which of the following represents the tenets of his ideology?
I.Truth
II.Fairness
III.Impartialit
y
- I, II and III
Your honor, how can the persecution dare try to send this poor, defenseless child to jail for the murder of
his father and mother? Have a heart! The boy is an orphan. Is this argument valid?
- No, this is a fallacy, an appeal to pity.
“All the laws are the product of legislative activity.” “Newton discovered several products of
legislatve activity.” Is this argument logical?
- No, the error is due to the equivocal use of the word “law”
Let’s assume that universities will be required to offer education programs at the graduate rather than at
the undergraduate level. Based on this information, how should you respond?
- Improbable
One reason why the NCEE was abolished was because it was anti-poor. Which explanation logically
supports this reasoning?
- Most of those who did not pass the NCEE were graduates of deprived
schools. Which philosophical premise does NOT support scientific inquiry?
- Group awareness is an integral part of knowledge
The expressionist painters at the turn of the century tried to depict a state of mind rather than to make a
realistic copy of some object. In other words, expressionist paintings .
- give the feeling rather than the appearance of things
Those who have deep appreciation of the beautiful tend to the good and the beautiful.
- preserve
Art and music are necessary ingredients to a child’s education. Which statement/s supports the idea of this
sentence?
I. Music and art intensify a child’s imagination
II. Music teaches discipline, team work, math and poetry through rhythm.
III.Painting helps a kinesthetic learner express abstract concepts in concrete forms.
- I, II, III
Art and music are essential ingredients to a child’s education, yet ironically both subjects are the first
disciplines to be eliminated when budget is inadequate. In an effort of streamline school budget and teach
only the basics, we usually reduce curriculum to a lifeless routine of issues that lack color, shapes, sounds
and rhythm. What does the paragraph confirm?
I. The importance of the arts in the education to children
II. The meaninglessness of school curriculum
III. The insignificance of the arts in the school curriculum
- I
Is it moral to suppress workers’ right to form unions in times of national emergency and why?
I. No. Suppression of rights will always be a violation of human rights.
II. Yes. The nation’s security takes precedence over the rights of any private association
III. Yes. Public safety must be thought of before private gain.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- II and III
In times of war, soldiers must be ready to give up their lives in defense of the nation. Which normative
relationship applies in this case?
- More common good – public safety before private gain
Your classmate had been sick and so had been absent from class. To help him pass, you allow him to copy
your answer. Was allowing him to copy your answer morally justified?
- No. The end does not justify the means.
A wife who loves her husband dearly becomes so jealous that in a moment of savage age, kills him. Is the
wife morally responsible and why?
- No. Antecedent passion may completely destroy freedom and consequently moral responsibility.
You failed the LET twice. You heard of someone processing fake professional teachers’ license for failed
LET examinees for a fee of 50, 000. You approach her and got a fake license for a fee. Are you
morally responsible?
- Yes, I acted with full knowledge and consent.
Who has greater moral responsibility and why? The lazy master teacher who does not teach well or the
beginning teacher who is groping while she teaches and so does not teach well either.
- The master teacher, who is expected to have more knowledge and freedom.
I happen to have unknowingly received counterfeit money from someone. At the earliest opportunity, I
pass it on to someone who is not aware. Am I morally responsible?
- Yes, your act is a perfect voluntary one.
Can children who have not reached the age of reason and have acquired foul language be held responsible?
- No, the bad habit has been contracted involuntary and unintentionally.
A Boy Scout leaps into the sea to save a companion in danger of being drowned, though he may lose his
life. Is he morally justified to risk his life?
- Yes.
Which one goes with this principle: “The end does not justify the means”
A. An objective evil act can never become good in spite of the good motive.
B. An objectively good act may become morally evil because of a bad motive.
C. An indifferent act may become morally good or evil depending on the movie.
D. Both are equally morally responsible; they are both professional teachers.

I get P5, 000 pesos from the funds raised during Valentine’s Day without the knowledge of committee and
donate it to a foundation serving a group of handicap. Is my act of getting P 5,000 from the funds justified?
- No, the end does not justify the means.
Which illustrates this principle: “Circumstances may change a good or as indifferent act into a punishable
one”.
- You sleep seated on a chair at the back while you make your class copy notes from the board.
I don’t like to read the bulletin board, for I suspect that the deadline for grades is posted there. Which type
of ignorance do I possess?
- Affected ignorance
I pretend not to be able to play several musical instruments. I may get tied as an instrumentalist of the
Church choir. Which type of ignorance do I have?
- Affected ignorance
Which illustrate/s this principle: “Antecedent passion may completely destroy freedom and consequently
moral responsibility.”
- A person in danger of being drowned goes into panic and holds on to a companion who also
drowns.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
When can we say that a person has values?
- Lives a life of integrity, sincerity and commitment.
What does the term “chiaroscuro” refer to?
- An exaggeratedly dark background and light foreground creating the effect of space.
What is the purpose of an underpainting?
- To create a rough sketch directly on the work surface.
What is a glaze?
- Paint diluted with linseed oil.
What a student can do differs from what he will do. What does this prove?
- Motivation differs from ability.
You are often told: “Poverty is not a hindrance to success.” What does this imply?
- What a person becomes in life is a product of his/her environment.
Pedro easily carried the television by himself when his neighbor’s house was on fire. But when the fire was
over, he could not bring it back to the house alone. This is on account of the hormone .
- adrenalin
Stimulation is good for the brain. Which action is a logical application for this?
- Give to children toys that they can manipulate.
A biology teacher asked each one in the class to introduce himself/herself using biological concepts. Four
students introduced themselves as follows:
I have XX
chromosomes. I have
XY chromosomes.
I have so much testosterone in my blood stream.
I have much estrogen circulating within me.
What is true of the four students?
- Two are girls.
A Biology teacher described herself biologically: “My estrogen level is decreasing and I have signs
of osteoporosis.” What is TRUE of the biology teacher?
- She is in her post-menopausal period.
What statement of human intelligence is
CORRECT?
- A. It consists of multiple intelligences.
Which idea contradicts the concept of free will?
- Biological determinism
Behavioral psychologist would probably say that .
- We act based on rewards and punishments received. Which
among the following are qualities of an authoritarian parent?
- High level of control, and a low level of warmth.
Individual who can find minute differences between small objects possesses which of the following?
- A low difference threshold
The method of classical conditioning begins with .
- the unconditioned stimulus and response
The Energy Source which is abundant in the Philippine but still not fully developed is
- Coal
Epistolary is literary works in the Form of
letter Sun is the ultimate source of all energy
A normal people can handle up to 80 decibels
Desalination is the removal of salt to the solution
Semion Ola is the last general to surrender to the Americans

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
Age is not a factor in determining art
Political art is a very common example to an art a social function
Legalese formal and technical language of legal documents that is often hard to understand
Context it pertains to the setting or situation in which communication takes place
Internal criticism checks and look into the reliability of the historical source
Wants synonymous with luxuries people by them for reason that do not warrant necessity
Lesbian a female physically and emotionally attracted to another female
There are 120 ways to arrange 5 girls to be seated in a row of 5 seats
Ang resume ay tinatawag na girls to be seated in a row of 5 seats
Nations refer to a people rather than any kind of formal territorial boundaries or institutions
Eulogy is a speech given in honor of someone who has died
Proxemics is the study of the use of space and distance
Articulation is the Formation of clear and distinct sounds in
speech
Global Village refers to the world emphasize that all the different parts of the world from one community
linked together by electronic communication especially the internet
Oral History is the raw material of social memory
Skype is a verry useful tools for business conference which he specializes in video charming and voice
calling through tables phones computer and smart watches using the internet
Antonio Toledo designed the Manila City Hall and agriculture and finance buildings at the AGRRIFINA
circle in Luneta
Fabian Dela Rosa who was the first member of Fernando Amorsolo the First National Artist of the
Philippines who was given up posthumous ward for visual arts in 1972
Act de Tejeros is a Document Declaring the Election in the Tejeros Convention Null and Void
Daglian o Impromtu ang uri ng Talumpati na ibinigay ang Paksa kapag nasa harap ng madla at ang tanging
basehan ay sariling
Republic Act 7356 is an act creating the national commission for culture and the arts, Establishing
National Endowment Fund for culture and the arts and other purposes
Ambahan is a poetic literature made up of seven syllable lines used to communicate message through
metaphors and Imagery
Carlos Botong Francisco in his work he turns Fragments of the historic us into vivid record of the
legendary courge of ancestors of his race like the ones seen in the City Hall of Manila

Information and Communication Technology

Which of the following is not a benefit of technology in education?
- Unlimited access to games and other internet sites.
Which situation shows that technology can be used to motivate students to learn?
- Teacher Eric employs educational games related to the lesson they are taking.
He is considered as the “Father of Modern Media in Education”.
- Edgar Dale
It is a term to denote a whole range of technologies associated with processing information and with
sending and receiving messages.
- Information and Communication Technology
A methodology widely used for developing new training programs.

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be
 Proverbs 3:5-6
Trust in the LORD with all your heart; and lean not to your own understanding. In all your
ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct your paths
- Instructional Systems Design
This is considered to be the first manual data processing device developed in China in the 12th century
A.D.
- Abacus
He is considered to be the “Father of Computing” because of his contributions to the basic design of
computer.
- Charles Babbage
Which is the standard input device that accepts letters, numbers and commands from the user?
- Keyboard
Mr. Rico carefully studies the materials he acquired from the internet. He always examines if the author is
qualified to present the material. This practice is?
- necessary to ensure that the materials are reliable.
When a teacher asks the consistency of a material taken from the internet with other available materials,
he/she is concerned with its?
- accuracy

LUKE 1:37
For with God nothing shall be