Name: W M Nimanthi Dilshara

Register No.: DPST - N-22128 -29

Assignment name: Understanding the primary school child

1)

Here, I have taken an incident of a grade 1 student, who is around the age of 6 years.

When describing his physical behavior and the appearance, it is clear that he shows
many habits which are totally different when comparing with other children in the
same age of him. Usually he shows following habits in his daily routing. Like,
disturbing the teacher and the other students when doing the lessons and other
academic activities, stubbornness, being busy minded, being violent and being
aggressive and try to attract others attention and concentration on him by
forcely.These are the main issues regarding him when conducting the academic
activities inside the class room. The teacher will have to focus her special attention
towards him to overcome conflicts and embarrassments in the class room. And also,
Inattention is exhibited by daydreaming, staring out the window, sketching, and
considering topics unrelated to the lesson. Apathy is the overall unwillingness to
engage, pouting, or care, as well as the unwillingness to attempt or do well. Students
talking incessantly about topics irrelevant to the lesson during class. Getting up and
moving around the room without being asked, gathering in specific areas of the space
Provoking, tease, pick on, and call names are all ways to irritate other students.
Disruption includes chatting and laughing out loud during training, yelling, and
producing "accidents."Falsifying information in order to obtain one's way or to cause
difficulty for others is lying. Taking what is not one's own is called stealing. Cheating
is academic dishonesty or being deceitful in one's interactions with others.

The student relevant to this case once started a huge conflict inside class room by
hitting to other student by using his metal water bottle and that student was severely
injured his and started bleeding continiouly.Finally the teacher and the staff had to
bring him to the nearby hospital. Fortunately the student had no severe damages
more than an external damage to his head. But the situation was getting worse as the
parents of the injured student have come to school and they were strictly wanted to
take legal action against that student who committed the injury. As this incident
destroys the good name of the school and the good reputation the academic staff
were strictly advised the parents not to drag this conflict anymore. Finally the parents
agreed to the point and requested to give psychological treatments for that student
who is having an abnormal behavior. Because, all the teachers and the parents
suspect that, this boy suffers from a certain mental disorder. Even his own parents
also agreed to provide medical treatment to his own child as this will be a huge
damage for their son and his future. If the things are getting worse day by day.

Student misconduct here is the biggest source of annoyance. If not handled, it has
the potential to incite other kids to act out as well, disrupting the teaching and
learning process. Teachers therefore need to be aware of the many forms of student
misconduct as well as the reasons behind it. If they don't, instructors will always
have to deal with student behavior problems, depriving all pupils of a great
education. It was obvious what to do. The teacher was not going to allow a handful
of kids ruin my efforts to teach. She rolled up my sleeves and started working,
absorbing all the information she could about classroom management. As a result,
misconduct among students vanished. In a distraction-free classroom where every
kid was a partner in learning, all of my pupils flourished. How can she manage the
classroom less effectively. It's not that difficult, but must first comprehend the
foundations, such as the several disciplines and difficulties must be ready to manage.

Psychology research has shown that a variety of circumstances, including, can cause
deviant behavior patterns. A lack of physical and mental development, Inadequate
socialization, Problems with child upbringing, child rearing methods, Problems with
emotion, Lack of parental love and care, Parents' strict discipline.
2)

Psychosexual Development in Freud's Theory

Sigmund Freud's work served as the foundation for psychoanalytic thought. Through
his therapeutic practice treating people with mental disorder, Freud developed the
conviction, that conduct was impacted by unconscious impulses and experiences
from infancy. Freud believed that conflicts experienced throughout each of these
phases might have a long-lasting impact on a person's personality and conduct. A
well-known grand theory of child development was put out by Freud. According to
Freud's psychosexual theory, a child's development happens in a succession of
phases that are each centered on a different part of the body's pleasure center. The
kid experiences conflicts at each stage, which have a big impact on how their
development unfolds. Id, ego, and superego are three interconnected components
that Freud believed make up the growing personality.

Development Periods According to Havighurst, Experience has taught every cultural

group that some ages are more suited for learning particular behavioral patterns and
skills than others. Young children comprehend since social expectations are seen as
developmental tasks; the pattern of learning that children exhibit is mainly
determined by whether or not those expectations are met. According to Havinghurst,
a developmental task is one that "occurs at or around a particular point in the life of
the individual, successful achievement leads to this happiness, failure leads to this
sadness. Some developmental activities are mostly the consequence of physical
maturity, while others are primarily the product of societal constraints on culture.
Development of Psychosocial Theory by Erikson

He paid more attention to culture, and the fundamental duties for both individuals
and society that must be accomplished at each stage of development are the basis of
his philosophy.

Development. Initial Stage - Fundamental trust vs. distrust. 0 - 1 ½ years. Through

their parents' care of the newborns' "early needs," fundamental sense, and confidence
in their surroundings, infants who are very reliant establish the key worry in "Is the
world to be trusted." Stage 2: Autonomy in opposition to guilt and uncertainty.
Children between the ages of one and two and three adjust to their growing feeling
of freedom (independence), but they continue to worry and express anxiety over
their dependence on people and their need to meet their demands and expectations.
Initiative vs. guilt in the third stage Children struggle to acquire responsibility
between the ages of 3 and 5. Stage four: Industry vs. inferiority. Children between
the ages of 5 and 12 are focused toward peer mastery of intellectual, social, and
physical abilities. Children go through a time of continual social comparison during
which they assess their abilities in comparison to their classmates, which causes
them to feel inferior. The identity vs. role uncertainty stage is the next. 12–18 years:
Adolescence is characterized by a strong sense of self and self-identity. Sixth stage:
Isolation vs. intimacy to develop an intimate connection with Stage four: Industry vs.
inferiority.

In that situation there should be a proper understanding of the mental condition,

physical, social and ethical conditions of the student. Simply, behavior of a person
is the activities which are observable. They might be physical or oral. In abnormal
behavioral patterns, children show abnormal activities. The best example is which I
have explained above. It means they perform habits and routings which disturbs
others. Some theories which help to study and understand these psychological points
are Freud psychosexual development, Erikson’s psycho social development, Jean
Piaget’s moral development and so on. they smoothly explain all the positive and
negative points which affects the healthy growth of a child. Specially, students who
are in pre school ages, should be more protected and understood. It is adults,
especially parents and teachers’ uttermost duty is to understand their little poor
hearts and give them the maximum support whenever they need it.