HOME Economics literacy

Republic of the Philippines

GLAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Municipality of Glan, Province of Sarangani
9517 Philippines
glaninstituteoftechnology2017@gmail.com

Module 4
A Learning Module for
H.E-TLE 223

(HOME ECONOMICS LITERACY)

Name of Student:_________________________________________________
Course and Year:_________________________________________________
Semester and School Year:________________________________________
 HOME Economics literacy
Home Economics Literacy
Module overview: In this modules’ content are harmony and productive family activities
weekly, the role and responsibilities of a family members.

I. Rationale

The study of home economics is sometimes described as life education. Because

much of an individual’s life has traditionally centered upon the home and the family,
home economics has been largely concerned with learning how to deal with the problems
and challenges of homemaking. A basic knowledge of home economics helps a person
make up a workable household budget, plan and prepare nutritious meals, choose a fabric
for draperies, and care for a small child.
The study of home economics encompasses a wide variety of subjects, including
foods and nutrition; clothing and textiles; housing, home equipment, and home
management; family economics; child development; and family relations.
Home economics courses serve different purposes at different levels of education.
In elementary and junior high school, home economics students acquire homemaking
information and skills that are helpful in daily life. In high school, students are introduced
to all the areas of home economics and to the occupations related to home economics. In
community colleges, home economics students concentrate on either technical training or
on the first two years of preparation for a professional career. At the college or university
level, home economics majors prepare themselves for a choice of careers in home
economics.

II. Specific Learning Outcomes

Learning Objectives: LESSON 1

At the end of the lesson the students are able to:
 Apply the principles of design in the arrangement of furniture and furnishing
 Choose buy the best furniture
 Assess one’s house on the basis of comfort, attractiveness, and worthiness
Learning Objectives: LESSON 1
At the end of the lesson the students are able to:
 Recognize the on how to keep your house neat and clean, skills to do simple repairs at
home.
 Identify the different care and parts of your house.
 Apply simple work techniques and tools usually needed in doing common repair house.
 HOME Economics literacy
Learning Objectives: LESSON 1
At the end of the lesson the students are able to:
 Discuss the importance of proper nutrition
 Recognize the food nutrients, their functions and sources
 Value the preventive measures to avoid nutritional deficiencies

IV. Materials

Reading Articles, Internet Connection, Laptop/Smartphone,

Printed Modules.

V. Learning Activities

TOPIC
Making an Ideal Home
Introduction:
Hello my dear students! Welcome to Lesson 1- Making an Ideal Home, this lesson helps
you to know the importance of making an ideal home, how to choose the best things or design for
our home. Enjoy leaning students always pray and God will bless you.

Analysis:
 What are the tips of buying and arranging furniture?
 What is the importance of having an ideal home?
 What are the principles of design in the arrangement of furniture and furnishing?
Abstraction:
A home is a place where family can find peace, relaxation, and, recreation. Its design,
furniture, and furnishings should be capable of providing comfort and convenience to the family.
The home should be made comfortable, attractive, and livable for the family members.
The arrangement of furniture and furnishings should be pleasant to the eyes to create and
ambiance of peace and harmony. The interior design should give comfort and convenience to the
family.

Principles of Design in the Arrangement of Furniture and Furnishing

 HOME Economics literacy
Design is defined as the selection and organization of forms, spaces, colors, and textures to create
beauty. This can be achieved thru the following principles:
1. Emphasis or center of interest or principles of dominance and subordination.
Decide which part of the room should be emphasized. Arrange all furnishings in such in a way
that attention is immediately directed to that place. There should be a good view of the garden, a
place for fine furniture and an artwork or painting.
Tips on how to give emphasis
a. Determine which part should be dominant or subordinate. Emphasize important points
and downplay the rest.
b. Limit the number of parts that should be emphasized. One dominant and two or three
subordinate parts should be good enough.
c. Arrange other parts of the house to direct interest to the more important ones.
d. Use wisely bright and intense colors, large shape, and things that have unusual forms.
e. Repeating colors or forms is one way of impressing dominance.
2. Balance or principle of equilibrium
This gives a feeling of stability and steadiness in a room. Formal symmetrical balance is
achieved when one side of the room is exactly the same as the other side. Some call it the mirror
image of the other. For example, a sofa may have identical side tables and lamps. Symmetrical or
formal balance is used when a formal effect is desired or if there is something important to be
emphasized.
Informal or asymmetrical balance is an arrangement in which one is differently arranged
from the other side. It tends to attract attention and makes one think about what makes
arrangement balanced. Informal balance creates a feeling of informality and being casual.
Balance creates equilibrium which is needed to achieve order and design. The choice of
balance type depends on its suitability to family needs.
3. Proportion
This is a principle of art that shows harmonious relationship among various elements of art. This
corporative relationship refers to size, amount, and space.
4. Rhythm
This is a principle of art that relates to organized movements. It helps the eyes move around the
room. All objects in a room give life to it through the movement that rhythm creates. It is
achieved by means of the following:
a. Repetition – colors, shapes, and textures are repeated in the interior of the house.
 HOME Economics literacy
b. Progression – transition is produced by increasing or decreasing one or more qualities of
an object or a room, such as size, shape, color and texture. It livelier than repetition
because it creates movement leading to a certain direction.
5. Harmony
This is a principle of art which produces the impression of unity through the arrangement of
objects and ideas I a consistent manner, when lines or forms are related and appear to belong
together within a given space, a feeling of n=unity or harmony is achieved.
Buying and Arranging Furniture
Good furniture pieces provide comfort and satisfaction to the family for a long time; hence, every
piece of furniture should be carefully selected. Craftsmanship, comfort, simplicity of design,
proportion to the space where it will be placed, and cost should be considered when buying
furniture. It is better to buy a good piece of furniture that cost more than buying one of less
quality. At the same time, taste of the family and the purpose for which the furniture will be used
are important factors in the choice of furniture.
The principles of design that is useful in arranging furniture are as follows:
1. Living room
Large furniture can be best placed against or parallel to the window; a light sofa must
face the door. Side tables with vases, figurines, lampshades, and other accessories can be placed
on both sides of the sofa, making the living room colorful and lively. Eventually, a low center
table, usually square or rectangular, will add an attractive feature for the sala.
2. Dining room
The dining table and chairs should be placed in a spacious part of the room where a china
cabinet for keeping table appointments can be an additional feature. A frit tray or a bouquet of
fresh or artificial flowers on a flat vase could be placed at the center of the table.
3. Bedroom
A place for sleep or rest, the room should induce fresh air and comfort. The bed should
be placed where there is no direct glass. There should be enough cabinets for clothes and personal
belongings.
4. Kitchen
This should be a working table at the center of the kitchen. Utensils and cooking tools
used frequently should be within reach. The dishwashing area must be close to the range, placed
on the left. The refrigerator should be at the end for one continuous flow. Cabinets for storing
cooking equipment may be labeled for ease or reference.
5. Bathroom
 HOME Economics literacy
Curtains made of plastic or waterproof cloth are good for bathrooms. Stainless or glass
cabinets may be installed for accessories and toiletries. In some houses, sliding glass doors or
curtains separate shower and bath. Potted plants that do not require much sunlight help brighten
up the bathroom, making it look fresh, clean, and well-maintain.

LESSON 2
Maintaining Cleanliness and Orderliness at Home and
Simple Repair
Introduction:
Hello my dear students! Welcome to Lesson 2- Maintaining Cleanliness and Orderliness
at Home, in this lesson you will learn about the frequency of time you’ve accomplished, the work
simplification techniques, and also simple repair work at home through the techniques learned.
Enjoy Learning!
Analysis:
1. What are the work simplification techniques?
2. What are the housekeeping tasks?
3. What are the common house repair works?
Abstraction:
A house, no matter how small and simple, can be attractive if kept clean and orderly.
The incidence of diseases, like dengue, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), hepatitis,
and swine flu or A (H1N1) can be avoided if cleanliness is observed and maintained.
Housekeeping is every family member’s task. It is not just one tasks, butt several tasks
done regularly. These tasks may be done daily, weekly, or occasionally.
In keeping own home neat and clean, group the housekeeping tasks according
frequency of time they are accomplished.
There are times that we call on the services of repairmen, such as an electrician,
plumber, and carpenter to fic the house. But have you ever thought that you can save money if
you can do the repairs yourself? Checking for minor defects can be done while housekeeping,
 HOME Economics literacy
Minor defects such as broken tiles, jalousies, broken or damage furniture, electrical outlets, and
leaking faucets can be done by a family member.

1. Daily tasks – cooking, cleaning the house, setting the table, washing the dishes,
cleaning the bathrooms and toilets, and watering the plants.
2. Weekly tasks – marketing, ironing, laundering, defrosting the refrigerator, and
mopping and waxing the floor.
3. Occasional tasks – cleaning the windows, walls and floors, changing curtains, and
doing minor repairs.
Living Room Care
The living room gives the impression of the kind of people who live in the house so it
should always be clean and attractive, Newspaper and magazines should be in their proper places.
Decors should be put up and arranged properly. Cleaning should be done daily.
Bedroom Care
The bedroom is a private place where a person where a person sleeps, rests, and dresses
up. Personal items must be well kept and returned to their proper places after use. Used clothes
should be placed in a laundry area. Cleaning room may be done daily or weekly. Floor should be
mopped and swept.
Kitchen Care
The kitchen should always be clean for it is the place where food is prepared and served.
Screens best protect the kitchen against files and other insects. Food must be covered. Hot water
is best used for sanitizing plates, glasses, and flatware which are then kept in dish racks or dish
dryers.
 HOME Economics literacy
Stove tops and refrigerators can be cleaned with an abrasive cloth. Refrigerators must be
unplugged while being defrosted. A little baking soda with a cleaning liquid can keep clean
refrigerator odors away.
Garbage containers should be emptied and disinfected regularly. They must be kept
clean and covered to keep flies and other insects away.
Bathroom Care
One who uses the bathroom should leave it as clean as he/she finds it. Disinfectants are
used to destroy germs and bacteria. The toilet bowl should be scrubbed daily and bathroom floors
and walls are washed once a week.
Work Simplification Techniques

Work simplification is a means of looking for the easiest, simplest, and fastest way of
accomplishing work. It needs the most comfortable position in working and the best effort in
doing a task to avoid stress or strain.
The following are good reminders to simplify work:
4. Finish doing all the tasks of the same type before starting another. Scrub floors before
sweeping. Wash all windows before cleaning the walls.
5. Start from the ceiling the area downstairs. This routine prevents doing unnecessary tasks
like sweeping the floor repeated.
6. Use correct hand body techniques.
a. Push instead of pull
b. When lifting heavy objects from the floor, bend from the knees and not from the
waist.
c. When pushing heavy objects like sofa, use the weight of the whole body and not the
arms.
d. Keep tools and cleaning equipment within the reach to avoid strain.
e. Sit while working whenever you can, like when preparing vegetables in the kitchen
or washing clothes.
f. Dove tail tasks by doing two at same time, like setting the table while cooking.
Home Maintenance
1. House
Maintaining the appearance and steadiness of the home is expensive. If the family
saves for the maintaining the home will last for years.
Suggested Ways for Maintenance
 HOME Economics literacy
a. House paint is not only for aesthetics but for protection of the house from sun
damage, rain exposure, and pollution. If you can afford house should be repainted at
least every two years.
b. House treatment for termites, ants, and other pests will protect the floors and plastic
pipe connections.
c. Routine inspection of the house, especially before the rainy season will enable you to
see early the damaged gutters, leaking roofs, busted pipes, and broken windows.
Thus, early repairs will lessen the cost of damage.
2. Furniture and appliances
Set a place where children can play away from the living room, since most of the
furniture are there. If this is not possible, teach younger members of the house proper care of
furniture and appliances, making them involve in the care and maintenance of the house.
Prevent spills, particularly of liquids or products that can discolor or leave
unpleasant odors or other damages. Regular dusting and sweeping will help make furniture look
fresh and new. Read the instruction on cleaning products very well before using them. Check for
proper installation of electronic appliances. Use correct voltage and read the user’s manual to be
sure.
Common House Repair Work
1. Electrical appliances
It is not advisable to experiment with electrical appliance repair. This is best left to
skilled repairmen.
2. Simple plumbing such as replacing washers
Use a monkey wrench to loosen the nut. The washers are located at the bottom of
the stem. Remove the screw that holds the washer in place. Be careful not to scrap it off.
If the screw is corroded or party broken, use the pliers to loosen it. If the screw head
is hone, you can remove the washer up in order that a part of the screw will be exposed
and can grip with pliers.
Remove the washer from its brass cap. Clean the cap with a brush or knife and
choose a new washer to fit. Choose a hard rubber washer for a snug fit. Be sure that the
brass screw is tight or does not loosen or fall off.
Tools Commonly Used in Repair Work and Their Uses
1. Screwdriver – used in turning screws on furniture and other fixtures.
2. Hammer – a driving tool used for striking and pulling objects.
3. Saw – a toothed tool for cross curing the grain of food.
4. Pliers –a tool with pivoted jaws used in holding, bending, or cutting wire.
 HOME Economics literacy
5. Wrench – a tool with a fixed or adjustable jaw used for turning, twisting, or gripping
objects such as nuts.

LESSON 3
Good Health through Proper Nutrition
Activity:

Analysis:

 What are the food nutrients and their functions and sources?
 What is nutrients deficiency?
 Why proper nutrition in our body is important?

Abstraction:
Good health comes from good nutrition. When the body is adequately supplied with
essentials nutrients, normal growth and development takes place. Thus, balanced diet, which
variety of food of the right kind, right amount, and right proportion, must always be observed.

Nutrition is regarded as the most important factor that affects health, growth, and development.
This is achieved through the food you eat every day. Therefore, the food you must be eating must
have carbohydrates and fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals.

Proper nutrition is considered the key to optimum development of the child. Studies
reveal that well-nourished mothers are likely to produce children with good physical and mental
capacities. Hence, it is important for mothers to maintain adequate nutrients before and during the
time of conception, considering that the child’s survival after birth is positively affected by the
nutritional status of the mother.

Likewise, morbidity and death in children can be lessened or even avoided if proper
nutrition is achieved and maintained. With proper nutrition, they will achieve full mental social
and behavioral potentials.

Through proper nutrition, you all maintain good health which will enable you become
productive. If all the people are productive, they will surely create well-developed and
progressive community.
 HOME Economics literacy
Proper nutrition is the intake of foods that contain the essential nutrients. These are
carbohydrates and fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Foods with essentials nutrients when
taken in the right amount and proportion will result to optimum growth and development.

REFERENCES:

 Navarro, Leticia S. Et al. Home Making Arts for you and Me. Abiva Publishing House Inc.,
1986
 Adams, Jeanette T. New Complete Woodworking Handbook. Acro Publishing Company Inc.,
1975

Prepared by: Julsan D. Diandan Jr., LPT

Teacher