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    Development of Moral Character

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    Sean Jodi Cosepe
    Kohlberg's theory of moral development consists of 6 stages grouped into 3 levels - pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. In the pre-conventional level, children's morality is based on obedience and self-interest. In the conventional level, morality is determined by following social rules and norms. In the rare post-conventional level, morality is based on principles of justice and human rights. Kohlberg believed that only a small percentage reach the post-conventional level of moral reasoning.

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    Development of Moral Character

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    Sean Jodi Cosepe
    56 views18 pages
    Kohlberg's theory of moral development consists of 6 stages grouped into 3 levels - pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. In the pre-conventional level, children's morality is based on obedience and self-interest. In the conventional level, morality is determined by following social rules and norms. In the rare post-conventional level, morality is based on principles of justice and human rights. Kohlberg believed that only a small percentage reach the post-conventional level of moral reasoning.

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    Kohlberg's theory of moral development consists of 6 stages grouped into 3 levels - pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. In the pre-conventional level, children's morality is based on obedience and self-interest. In the conventional level, morality is determined by following social rules and norms. In the rare post-conventional level, morality is based on principles of justice and human rights. Kohlberg believed that only a small percentage reach the post-conventional level of moral reasoning.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    56 views18 pages

    Development of Moral Character

    Uploaded by

    Sean Jodi Cosepe
    Kohlberg's theory of moral development consists of 6 stages grouped into 3 levels - pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. In the pre-conventional level, children's morality is based on obedience and self-interest. In the conventional level, morality is determined by following social rules and norms. In the rare post-conventional level, morality is based on principles of justice and human rights. Kohlberg believed that only a small percentage reach the post-conventional level of moral reasoning.

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    of 18

    KOHLBERG'S THEORY

    ON MORAL
    DEVELOPMENT

    KYLIE DOMINIQUE LOTHO


    CARLA M. PADUA
    Learning Objective:
    Define Moral Development
    Explain Kohlberg's STAGES of
    Moral Development
    BIOGRAPHY:

    LAWRENCE
    KOHLBERG
    October 25, 1927- January 19, 1987
    American psychologist and educator
    Expanded on the earlier work of
    cognitive theorist Jean Piaget to
    explain the moral development of
    children, which he believed follows a
    series of stages.
    ETHICAL
    RELATIVISM
    "CONSENSUS OF
    morality"
    MORAL DEVELOPMENT

    Focuses on how children


    develop morality and moral
    reasoning.
    THE STAGES OF

    MORAL
    DEVELOPMENT
    MORAL DEVELOPMENT
    LEVELS STAGES

    1. OBEDIENCE AND PUNISHMENT ORIENTATION


    PRE-CONVENTIONAL
    2. PLEASURE ORIENTATION/ INSTRUMENTAL-PURPOSIVE ORIENTATION

    3. Peer and Group Acceptance Orientation


    CONVENTIONAL
    4. Social Structure Orientation

    5. Social-contract orientation
    POST-CONVENTIONAL
    6. The Universal Ethical Principle
    PRE-CONVENTIONAL STAGe
    Young children under the
    age of 9.

    In this level, children's


    moral judgments are
    based on the
    consequences of their
    actions.
    PRE-CONVENTIONAL STAGe
    A. STAGE 1: OBEDIENCE AND PUNISHMENT
    ORIENTATION
    In this stage, children's moral reasoning is based on avoiding punishment. They
    believe that actions that lead to punishment are wrong, while actions that avoid
    punishment are right.

    B. STAGE 2: PLEASURE ORIENTATION OR THE INSTRUMENTAL-


    PURPOSIVE ORIENTATION
    In this stage, children's moral reasoning is based on satisfying their own needs. They
    believe that actions that meet their needs are right, while actions that do not meet their
    needs are wrong.
    CONVENTIONAL STAGe
    Older children,
    adolescents, and most
    adults.

    In this level, people's


    moral judgments are
    based on societal norms
    and expectations.
    CONVENTIONAL STAGe
    C. STAGE 3: PEER AND GROUP ACCEPTANCE
    ORIENTATION
    This stage is a "good boy" orientation as it seeks to maintain
    expectations and win approval of one's immediate group.

    D. STAGE 4: SOCIAL STRUCTURE ORIENTATION


    In this stage, the individual becomes aware of the wider rules of society, so judgements
    concern obeying the rules in order to uphold the law and to avoid guilt.
    Also characterized by an orientation to authority, law, and duty.
    post-CONVENTIONAL STAGe
    Rare with adolescents and
    few adults.

    In this level, people's


    moral judgments are
    based on their own
    principles and values,
    rather than external
    factors.
    post-CONVENTIONAL STAGe
    E. STAGE 5: SOCIAL-CONTRACT ORIENTATION
    In this stage, people's moral reasoning is based on the recognition of different
    opinions and perspectives. They believe that actions that contribute to the
    greater good and uphold individual rights are right, while actions that violate
    those rights are wrong.

    F. STAGE 6: THE UNIVERSAL ETHICAL PRINCIPLE


    In this stage, people's moral reasoning is based on universal principles, such as justice,
    equality, and respect for human dignity. They believe that actions that are consistent
    with these principles are right, regardless of their personal or societal consequences.
    KOHLBERG BELIEVED THAT ONLY A RELATIVELY SMALL
    PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE EVER REACH THE POST
    CONVENTIONAL LEVEL (AROUND 10 TO 15%).

    ONE ANALYSIS FOUND THAT STAGES ONE TO FOUR


    COULD BE SEEN AS UNIVERSAL IN POPULATIONS
    THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, THE FIFTH AND SIXTH STAGES
    WERE EXTREMELY RARE IN ALL POPULATIONS.

    Human person can grow to


    maturity depending on the kind
    of education one receives or the
    environment where one lives.
    That's a wrap!
    Thank you for listening!
    References:
    Kohlberg’s 6 Stages of Moral Development – Sprouts – Learning
    Videos – Social Sciences. (2021, January 22). Kohlberg’s 6 Stages of
    Moral Development – Sprouts – Learning Videos – Social Sciences.
    https://sproutsschools.com/kohlbergs-6-stages-of-moral-
    development/

    Mcleod, S., & Mcleod], S. (n.d.). Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral


    Development - Simply Psychology. Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral
    Development - Simply Psychology.
    https://www.simplypsychology.org/kohlberg.html

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