Branches of biology dealing with animals:

Comparative anatomy The scientific study of similarities and differences in the bodily structures of distinct types of animals. Entomology The study of insects. Ethology The study of animal behavior. Herpetology The study of reptiles and amphibians. Ichthyology The study of fish. Mammalogy The study of mammals. Ornithology The study of birds. Primatology The study of primates. Veterinary science Animal medicine. Zoology The study of animals.

Branches of biology relevant to the study of evolution:

Biogeography The study of the geographic distributions of living organisms. Developmental biology The study of the processes by which an organism changes from a single cell into a mature, multicellular individual. Evolutionary biology The branch of biology concerned with the modes of origin of new forms of life. Ichnology The scientific study of the fossilized traces of past animal activity, such as footprints, burrows, trails, and borings. Morphology The branch of biology concerned with the form and structure of living organisms. Paleontology The study of prehistoric life by means of fossils.

Environmental disciplines:

Astrobiology The branch of biology concerned with the effects of outer space on living organisms and with the search for extraterrestrial life. Bioclimatology The study of the influence of climate on living organisms. Chronobiology The study of time-dependent phenomena in living organisms. Conservation biology The branches of biology concerned with habitat preservation, the prevention of extinction, and conservation of biodiversity. Cryobiology The study of the effects of low temperatures on living organisms. Ecology The study of the interaction of organisms with each other and with their environment. Geobiology A science that combines geology and biology to study the interactions of organisms with their environment. Limnology The study of the physical and biological conditions of freshwater, particularly of lakes and ponds.

Chemistry-based branches of biology:

Biochemistry The study of life at the chemical level, in particular the chemistry of proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Bioengineering A hybrid field of scientific research that uses the principles of biology and the techniques of engineering to produce useful products.

Molecular biology The branch of biology that studies the formation, structure, and function of macromolecules found in living organisms, particularly nucleic acids and proteins.

Branches of biology dealing with microorganisms and microscopic structure:

Cytology The study of living cells, in particular, their physiological properties, structures, organelles, and method of division. Histology The study of the microscopic structure of cellular tissue. Microbiology The branch of biology that studies microorganisms and their effects on other organisms. Protistology The study of protists.

Medical branches of biology:

Anatomy The study of the macroscopic structure of multicellular organisms. Embryology The study of embryos. Endocrinology The study of the endocrine glands. Epidemiology The study of the incidence of disease within populations, and of optimal measures for its control. Esthesiology The scientific study of sensation. Genetics The study of heredity, especially the mechanisms of hereditary transmission and variation of inherited characteristics. Immunology The study of the structure and function of the immune system, innate and acquired immunity, the bodily distinction of self from nonself, and laboratory techniques involving the interaction of antigens with specific antibodies. Koniology The study of dust in relation to its effects on health. Mastology The scientific study of the breasts. Medicine The art and study of the prevention, cure, and alleviation of disease, and the care of the injured. Neurology The branch of biology that studies the nervous system and its diseases. Parasitology The study of parasites. Pathology The study of the nature of disease and its causes, processes, development, and consequences. Physiology The study of the physical function of living organisms. Psychology The study of human behavior. Splanchnology The study of the internal organs. Surgery The branch of medicine dealing with operative procedures. Toxicology The study of toxins. Urology The study and treatment of disorders of the urogenital organs. Virology The study of viruses.

Miscellaneous branches of biology:

Agriculture The science of crop and livestock production. Bioinformatics The use of computers to manage and analyze biological data. Biomathematics An interdisciplinary field of study that attempts to model biological processes using mathematical techniques. Biophysics An interdisciplinary science that applies the theories and methods of physics to biological questions.

Botany The study of plants. Marine biology The study of marine organisms. Mycology The study of fungi.