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Week 6

The document provides an overview of a lesson on the reproductive system in mammals. It aims to help learners understand the male and female reproductive systems. The lesson will begin with explaining the male system, including the testes, vas deferens, urethra, penis, and accessory glands. It will then explain the female system, including ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. The teacher aims to strictly follow the allotted time for each stage and build on learners' previous knowledge of reproduction.

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John Johnson
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55 views

Week 6

The document provides an overview of a lesson on the reproductive system in mammals. It aims to help learners understand the male and female reproductive systems. The lesson will begin with explaining the male system, including the testes, vas deferens, urethra, penis, and accessory glands. It will then explain the female system, including ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. The teacher aims to strictly follow the allotted time for each stage and build on learners' previous knowledge of reproduction.

Uploaded by

John Johnson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WEEK 6: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN MAMAMALS

TOPIC: Reproductive system in mammals


MAIN AIM: To help the learners understand the reproductive system in mammals
SUBSIDIARY AIM: By the end of the lesson, learner should be able to;

1. Explain the male reproductive system


2. Explain the female reproductive system

PERSONAL AIM: To keep strictly to time allotted to  each stage of the lesson
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The learners learnt reproductive system in their previous lesson
TEACHING AIDS: Research work from the internet, pictures
PROCEDURE: The teacher present the lesson with the following steps
STEP ONE: THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS 

Reproductive systems in different mammals are very similar and some parts of their reproductive
systems are found outside the body. These parts are called external genitals.
Reproductive System of Man: Male reproductive system of man is made up of primary sex
organs and the secondary sex organs. The primary sex organs are the two testes (singular—testis)
while the secondary or accessory sex organs include the vas deferens (sperm duct), epididymis,
urethra, penis, the external sacs bearing the testes called the scrotal sacs or scrotum and  the three
accessory glands---seminal vesicle, prostate gland and Cowper’s gland.
Primary sex organs: These are the testes. The testes are two ovoid shaped structures found
outside the abdominal cavity in sacs called scrotal sacs. In a young male, the testes are found in
the lower part of the abdomen. At puberty, they descend into the scrotal sacs for the production
of spermatozoa and the male sex hormone, testosterone. The two testes are separated from each
other by the scrotal septum.  The two major functions of the testes are

1. They produce spermatozoa


2. They also produce/secrete hormones like androgens and testosterone for the appearance
of secondary sexual characteristics.

Secondary or accessory sex organs: The secondary sex organs in human male are all other
organs associated with reproduction apart from the testes. These organs include vas deferens,
urethra, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, Cowper’s gland, penis and the skin pouch called
scrotum.
Epididymis: This is a highly coiled tube which stores spermatozoa temporarily before they are
moved through the vas deferens/ sperm duct to the seminal vesicle.
Penis: This is the only erectile organ in the male reproductive system. It is used for introducing
spermatozoa into the vagina of the female during copulation.
Urethra: This is the tube or opening in the penis which used for the passage of urine and
spermatozoa into the exterior. Therefore , it is urogenital in function.
Vas deferens: Also called sperm duct transports sperm cells from the epididymis to the seminal
vesicle.
Seminal vesicles are sac-like glands which produce a sticky alkaline fluid called semen or
seminal fluid. The sperm cells are embedded in this fluid.
Prostate gland: This gland secretes part of the seminal fluid and enzymes to activate the sperm
cells.
Cowper’s gland: It also secretes part of the seminal fluid and enzymes that activate the sperm
cells.    
Scrotum (scrotal sac): There are two scrotal sacs in man. These sacs house the testes and protect
it. They also help in maintaining the temperature of the testis (about 350C) to enhance sperm
production.

STEP TWO:  FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN HUMANS

The female reproductive system is also made up of primary sex organs and secondary sex
organs.
Primary sex organs: The primary sex organs in female mammals are the two ovaries. They are
ovoid shaped structures found in the lower part of the abdomen of females and are attached to
the uterus by the ovarian ligaments. The major functions of the ovaries are

1. They produce eggs.


2. They also produce female sex hormones such as progesterone and estrogen.

Secondary sex organs in the female reproductive system include the oviduct or fallopian tubes,
uterus or womb, cervix, vagina and clitoris.
Oviduct or fallopian tubes are two tubes that open at the ovaries and extend towards the uterus.
They are funnel shaped and perform these performs;

1. They provide sites for fertilization of ovum (egg).


2. They carry ovum from the ovary to the uterus by peristalsis.
3. They also assist in the nourishment of the zygote during the early stage of fertilization.

Uterus (womb): This is a muscular tube where the zygote is implanted. Development of embryo
and foetus occurs here. It also plays a role in childbirth by the contraction and relaxation of the
uterine wall.
Vagina: This is a muscular canal that extends from the uterus to the vulva. The functions of
vagina include;

1. It acts as a canal for the expulsion of fetus.


2. It provides site for the deposition of semen.
3. It allows menstrual flow.
4. It produces lactic acid (by its mucous epithelium) which kills germs in the vagina.

Clitoris: This is the erectile organ found in the vulva. It becomes erect during coitus.
Vulva: This is the external part of the female reproductive system in man. It is made up of the
clitoris, labia minora and labia majora.

EVALUATION:
1. Explain the male reproductive system
2. Explain the female reproductive system

CONCLUSION: The teacher concludes the lesson by summarizing the topic from the beginning
and give assignment to the learner.

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