Grade 5
Objectives:
describe the parts and functions of the male and
female reproductive system
compare and contrast the parts and functions of
the male/female reproductive system
describe the uniqueness of the reproductive
system compared to other body systems
Lesson 6 – What are the Parts and Functions
of the Human Reproductive System
Introduction Of The Lesson
The reproductive system is group of organs that perform
functions through which new individuals are produced.
is its ability to produce gametes or sex cells.
Each gamete has half of the original number of
genetic material for a human being and is called
a haploid cell.
When the gametes combine in a
process called fertilization, the
offspring will get a complete set of
genetic material, half from the father
and half from the mother. A cell with a
complete set of genetic materials is
called a diploid cell.
What is Human Reproduction?
Human reproduction is the process of generating new
breed of human beings, thus, preventing extinction.
The male reproductive system allows the transfer of sperm cells
from the male organ to the female organ.
The sperm cell is the male gamete or sex cell, it the smallest cell
in the body and is made up of a small “head” with a powerful
“tail” called flagellum. The flagellum propels the sperm cell and
allows it to swim toward the female gamete.
sperm cell
The Male Reproductive System
functions:
1. to produce and secrete the male sex
hormones – (testosterone)
2. to produce the male sex cell (gametes)
necessary for reproduction
3. to discharge sperm within the female
reproductive tract
The Male External Organs:
1. testis (testes) - is the primary male gonad,
responsible for the production of the
primary male sex hormones called
testosterone, as well as the male
sex cells or gametes called sperm
2. scrotum - is loose, pouch-like
protective sac of skin that
supports the testes and acts as a
temperature control system for
the testes.
Teacher Agnes
3. penis - is an elongated muscular organ that is filled with blood
vessels and sensitive nerves. It glans is covered by a fold
skin called the foreskin.
The foreskin is removed through a
the process called circumcision.
4. epididymis – is a pair of long, narrow,
flattened organ located at the backside
surface of each testis which connects
the vas deferens. The tubular part of the
epididymis is highly coiled and stores
millions of sperm until they mature and
are released. penis epididymi
s
The Male Internal Organs
5. vas deferens – is along,
muscular tube that travels from
epididymis into the pelvic
cavity, just behind the bladder.
It carries the sperm from the
epididymis to the urethra.
6. ejaculatory ducts -
are formed by the
fusion of the vas deferens and
the seminal vesicles from
where semen mixes with the
sperm cells. The semen
together with the sperm is then
delivered into the urethra.
7. urethra – is a tube which extends through the penis. Its function is
to carry the urine and semen out of the body.
8. seminal vesicles - are pairs of saclike pouches attached to the
vas deferens through the ejaculatory ducts at the back of
the urinary bladder that secrete fluid partly comprises the
semen.
9. prostate gland – is a walnut-sized structure that lies below the
urinary bladder infront of the rectum that secretes
whitish fluid which nourishes and provides energy for
the sperms.
10. Cowper’s glands (Bulbourethral glands) – are two glands
found at each side of the urethra below the prostate gland.
These glands produce a clear, slippery fluid that lessens
the acidity of the urethra before the release of the semen.
10. semen - is also known as seminal fluid that is
emitted from the male reproductive tract
and that contains sperm cells capable of
fertilizing the female's eggs.
Arrange the following parts of the male reproductive system
based on the path of sperm cells as they travel from where
they are formed to their release outside the body.
Teacher Beth
What do Sperm Cells Do?
Sperm cells fertilize eggs. They have
a number of adaptations, including
small size, a tail for swimming, and
chromosomes that carry the male
genetic information.
chromosomes - DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid)
contains the genetic information
Male Reproductive System
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
urethra
penis
Cowper’s gland
epididymis
testis
scrotum
Female Reproductive System
⮚ ovaries – are the primary female sex organs, they produce the female sex
cells or gametes called egg cells.
❖ Normally, one mature egg cell is released from either the right or left ovary
is transported to the uterus in a peritoneal fluid produced by the fimbria on
the edge of fallopian tube opening..
❖ Ovaries secrete the female hormones, estrogen and progesterone.
estrogen – the hormone that causes the changes in the body of a female at puberty
stage
progesterone – regulates the condition of the inner lining of the uterus
⮚Fallopian tubes or oviducts - are thin, soft tubes extending from the
uterus to the ovaries
❖ Their main function is to direct the egg while it travels from the ovary to the uterus.
❖ During ovulation, an ovary releases an egg into the fallopian tube.
❖ The fertilization of an egg by a sperm normally occurs in the fallopian tubes.
❖ The fertized egg called zygote moves to the uterus, where it implants itself into the
lining of the uterine wall.
⮚Uterus - also called the womb, is hollow, stretchable, pear-shaped organ with
thick muscular walls lined with blood vessels.
❖It is about the size of a clenched fist and is one of the strongest muscles in a female’s
body.
❖ It receives and holds the fertilized egg cell.
❖ It houses and nourishes the fetus until it is ready to love outside the mother’s body.
❖It expands many times during pregnancy as the fetus develops.
⮚Cervix – is a cylindrical-shaped necklike tissue found at the lower end of the
uterus
⮚Vagina – is a muscular tract or canal leading to the outside of the female’s body,
and also called birth canal.
Agnes O. Adlao
Science Teacher
