ELECTROTECHNICS

Basic elements of
mechatronics system

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 Objective: To recognize some basic elements of mechatronics system.

Content:
1. Sensors and actuators
2. Signals and conditioning
3. Digital logic systems
4. Software and data acquisition systems
5. Computers and display devices

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 Did you know that…

The word "mechatronics" was

created by Tetsuro Mori, an
engineer at Yaskawa Electric
Corporation, in 1969 and was
registered as a trademark by
the company in Japan in 1971
under the registration number
46-32714-1971

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 The basic elements of Mechatronics System
Mechatronics is the synergistic integration of
mechanical engineering, electronics, and
intelligent computer control in the design and
manufacture of products and processes.
• Actuators and sensors
• Signals and conditioning
• Digital logic Systems
• Software and data acquisition systems
• Computers and display devices

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 1. Sensors and actuators

They mostly come under mechanical

systems. The actuators produce motion or
cause some action. The sensors detect
the state of the system parameters,
inputs, and outputs. The actuators used in
the mechatronic system are pneumatic
and hydraulic actuators, electro-
mechanical actuators, electrical motors
such as DC motors and AC motors.

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 2. Signals and conditioning
The mechatronic systems deal with
two types of signals and conditioning:
The input devices receive input
signals from the mechatronic systems
via interfacing devices and sensors.
Then it is sent to the control circuits for
conditioning or processing.
The output signals from the system
are sent to output/display devices
through interfacing devices.
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 3. Digital logic systems

Digital logic devices control

overall system operation. The
various digital logic systems used
in the mechatronic system are
logic circuits, microcontrollers,
programmable logic controllers,
sequencing and timing controls,
and control algorithms.

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 4. Software and data acquisition systems

The data acquisition system acquires

the output signals from sensors in the
form of voltage, frequency, and
resistance and it is inputted into the
microprocessor or computer. Software
is used to control the acquisition of
data through a digital-to-analog
converter (DAC) board.

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 5. Computers and display devices
Computers are used to store a
large number of data and
process further through
software. Display devices are
used to give visual feedback to
the user. The various display
devices used in the mechatronic
system are LEDs, CRTs, LCDs,
digital displays, and others.

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 Advantages of Mechatronics System
• It is cost effective and can produce high
quality products.
• It provides high degree of flexibility to modify
or redesign the systems.
• It provides excellent performance
characteristics.
Disadvantages of Mechatronics System
• The initial cost is high.
• Maintenance and repair may workout costly.
• It has complexity in identification and
correction of problems in the systems.
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 Examples of mechatronics systems

• Numerical control (NC) machine

• Computer numerical control (CNC) machine
• Variable speed drives
• Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS)
• Automated manufacturing systems (AMS)
• Automated guided vehicles
• Rapid prototyping and robots

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 Computer numerical control
(CNC) machine is the best and
basic example of application of
Mechatronics in manufacturing
automation. Efficient operation of
conventional machine tools such
as Lathes, milling machines,
drilling machine is dependent on
operator skill and training.

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 Flexible manufacturing systems
(FMS) combines microelectronics and
mechanical engineering to bring the
economies of the scale to batch work.
A central online computer controls the
machine tools, other work stations,
and the transfer of components and
tooling. The computer also provides
monitoring and information control.

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 Industrial robots are general-purpose,
re-programmable machines which
respond to the sensory signals received
from the system environment. Based
on these signals, robots carry out
programmed work or activity. They also
take simple independent decisions and
communicate/interact with the other
machines and the central computer.

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 Automatic quality control and inspection
systems: Supply of a good quality product
or a system to the market is the basic aim of
the manufacturing industry. The product
should satisfy the needs of the customers
and it must be reliable. This can be achieved
by building up the ‘quality’ right from the
product design stage; and maintaining the
standards during the ‘production stages’ till
the product-delivery to the market.

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 Quiz
1. The word “mechatronics” was created by ____.
a. Akira Toriyama b. Tetsuro Mori c. Masami Kurumada
2. Is NOT an INPUT device.
a. Mouse b. Scanner c. Webcam d. Touchpad
3. Software is used to control the acquisition of data through ____ board.
a. DAC b. NC c. CNC d. FMS
4. Is NOT an OUTPUT device.
a. Headphone b. Printer c. Speakers d. Keyboard
5. The word "mechatronics" was created by an engineer at Yaskawa Electric Corporation in ____.
a. 1956 b. 1569 c. 1699 d. 1969

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 Quiz
1. The word “mechatronics” was created by ____.
a. Akira Toriyama b. Tetsuro Mori c. Masami Kurumada
2. Is NOT an INPUT device.
a. Mouse b. Scanner c. Webcam d. Touchpad
3. Software is used to control the acquisition of data through ____ board.
a. DAC b. NC c. CNC d. FMS
4. Is NOT an OUTPUT device.
a. Headphone b. Printer c. Speakers d. Keyboard
5. The word "mechatronics" was created by an engineer at Yaskawa Electric Corporation in ____.
a. 1956 b. 1569 c. 1699 d. 1969

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 Conclusions
Mechatronics is the synergistic integration of mechanical
engineering, electronics, and intelligent computer control in the
design and manufacture of products and processes.
The concept of Mechatronics is very important today to meet the
ever-increasing demands of customers and remain competitive in
the global market. A mechatronics engineer must be able to design
and select mechanical devices, sensors and actuators, analog and
digital circuits, microprocessor-based components, and control
devices such as logic gates to design modem systems.

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