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Power Plant Chemistry

The document provides an overview of water treatment processes for power stations including raw water treatment, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, demineralization, and reverse osmosis. It also discusses boiler water chemistry, cooling water treatment, reverse osmosis plant operation and monitoring, and tube failure mechanisms in water-touched and steam-touched tubes. The key steps described are raw water treatment through aeration, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration followed by disinfection. Demineralization and reverse osmosis are further polishing steps. Boiler water chemistry aims to control corrosion and deposits through chemical conditioning. Cooling water treatment and heat exchanger monitoring

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soumitraban
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274 views5 pages

Power Plant Chemistry

The document provides an overview of water treatment processes for power stations including raw water treatment, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, demineralization, and reverse osmosis. It also discusses boiler water chemistry, cooling water treatment, reverse osmosis plant operation and monitoring, and tube failure mechanisms in water-touched and steam-touched tubes. The key steps described are raw water treatment through aeration, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration followed by disinfection. Demineralization and reverse osmosis are further polishing steps. Boiler water chemistry aims to control corrosion and deposits through chemical conditioning. Cooling water treatment and heat exchanger monitoring

Uploaded by

soumitraban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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About Power Station Chemistry............

Pre-Treatment of Water (Raw Water Treatment).......

Sources of Water...................

Impurities in Water.................

Major Non-Ionic Impurities Are:...........

Major Cationic Impurities...............

Major Anionic Impurities..............

Gaseous Impurities .................

Common Impurities In Water, Their Effect And Method Of Removal.

Objective Of Water Treatment

1. Aeration & Types Of Aerators................

Aeration Process..............

Coagulation & Flocculation........

Coagulation .....................

Adjustment of Alkalinity & pH............

Coagulant Aids ......

Flocculation...............

Rapid Mix Or Flash Mixing ...........

Mixing Devices..........

Flocculators

Sedimentation..

Types of Clarifiers..

Clariflocculator..........

Coagulant Chemicals..

Filtration......

Filter Media.......

Filter Classification

Filtration Layout
A. Basic Operation Of Filter

B. Thumb Rules For Designing A Filter

C. Important Points On Filter

D. Operating Instruction Chart For Filters

Disinfection

Chlorination

Chlorine Calculation In Water Treatment

Chlorine Feed

Chemical Feed Rate

Setting For Chemical Feed Pump

DM Plant (DE MINERALIZER PLANT)

Process Description

Operation of the Down flow unit

SAC

Degasser

SBA

Quality Of Water From Each Vessel

Different Schemes of DM Plant and their application30

Operation Of Ion Exchange Unit

Operation Sequence Of A Mixed Bed

Troubleshooting of Water Treatment Plants

Filter system

Clarifier

Cation Exchanger

Anion Exchanger

DEGASSER SYSTEM

Fouling of Ion exchange Resins Detection and treatment

Iron Fouling

Organic Fouling
Desalination Technologies

Membrane Systems

Reverse Osmosis

Reverse Osmosis (RO) Process

RO Feed Water Pretreatment Requirement

2. Boiler Steam Water Cycle Chemistry – (basic and advanced)

• Water Chemistry of stream-water cycle

• International Guidelines

• Significance of parameters in steam-water cycle

• Corrosion of metal

• Water analysis – Requirement

• Formation of a protective layer

• Transportation of corrosion products and deposits

• Steam impurities

• Chemical conditioning of water-steam cycle

• Significance of the standard values and their analytical monitoring

• Chemical program selection

• Minimize blowdown

3. cooling Water treatment and heat transfer monitoring

• Cooling Water Systems

• Measuring Performance (scale, corrosion & Fouling)

• Relationship between Makeup, Blowdown, Evaporation and Drift

• Relationship Between Cycles of Concentration and Makeup Demand

• Water Treatment Requirements & Chemicals

• Monitoring Your System & System Concerns

• Stability indices calculator

• Heat Transfer monitoring of heat exchangers


• Terms and Definitions

4. RO Plant Operation and monitoring Best Practices

• Introduction

• Initial start-up checks

• Start-up check lists for RO system operation

• Operation monitoring methods

• Monitoring

• Regular monitoring and check points

• Sample calculation

• Variations of operation data from nominal value

• RO system operation parameters and check points

• Shutdown considerations for RO system

• Preservation and cleaning Periods

• General instructions and conditions for RO cleaning

• Guidelines for RO cleaning and When to Clean

• Determination of foulants & selection of cleaning agent

• Evaluation of the effectiveness of cleaning

5. Tube Failure Mechanisms

Water-Touched Tubes

• Screening Table for Water-Touched Boiler Tube Failures

• Corrosion Fatigue

• Fly Ash Erosion

• Hydrogen Damage

• Acid Phosphate Corrosion

• Caustic Gouging

• Waterwall Fireside Corrosion

• Flow-Accelerated Corrosion in Economizer Inlet Header Tubing


• Short-Term Overheating in Water-wall Or Evaporator Tubing

• Chemical Cleaning Damage: Water-walls

• Pitting in Water-Touched Tubes

• Acid Dewpoint Corrosion Steam-Touched Tubes

• Long-term Overheating/Creep in SH/RH Tubes

• Fireside Corrosion in SH/RH Tubes SH/RH Fireside Corrosion

• Stress Corrosion Cracking in Steam-Touched Tubes

• Pitting in Steam-Touched Tubes

• Graphitization

• Chemical Cleaning Damage in SH/RH Tubes

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