INTERNSHIP REPORT

ON
SREE RAGHAVENDHRA WEAVING FACTORY

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE AT
VALLUVAR COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT ,
KARUR -639003

BY
M.LAKESH VARMA
CB21C 81193

Under the Guidance of

MR. PONRAJ M.COM (CA),M.Phil., PGDCA., ( Ph.D ).,
Assistant Professor
PG & Research Department of Commerce

VALLUVAR
COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT,
(Affiliated to Bharathidhasan University, Thiruchirappalli
Karur-639003, Tamilnadu.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ;

I am indebted to many people who helped me accomplish this Internship

successfully. First I thank Mr. K. SENGUTTUVAN , M.Com., the chairman of Valluvar Collage
of Science and management for giving me the opportunity to do my internship project .
I thsn Dr. S.IRULAPPAN, M,Com., M.B.A.,M.Phil., PGDCA,PGDPM,Ph.d ., the
principal for granting permission to undertake this internship program.
I thank Mr.V.ARAVIND M.Com.,M.Phil., HOD PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT
OF COMMERCE For the constant support in constant support in completing this internship
program.
I thank SREE RAGHAVENDHRA WEAVING FACTORY for allowing me to undertake
this internship program and supported me gain the knowledge to bridge the gap between the
curriculum and the industry.
I thank Mr. M.PONRAJ M.Com (CA), M Phil .,PGDCA.,(PH.D).,For the support and
guidance during the course of my Internship.
I remember his with much gratitude for his/her patience and motivation, but for which I
could not have submitted this work.
I thank my parents for their blessing and constant support,without this internship would not
have seen the light of the day.

Place :
Signature of Student
Date :

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Internship report submitted by M. LAKESH VARMA ,

CB21C81193 is a record of internship work done by his/her during the dates of 09/06/2023-
26/06/2023 at SRI RAGHAVENDHRA WEAVING FACTORY under my guidance and
supervision in partial fulfillment of degree. This internship report has not been submitted for the
award of any degree, diploma, associateship or fellowship or any other title in this University or any
other University.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the Hod

Signature of the Internal Signature of the external

Place : Karur
Date : .06.2023

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CHAPTER CONTENTS Page No.
NO

I Introduction 05

II Company Profile 06

III Product Profile 07

IV Organization Structure 08

V Organisational Department 13

VI Learning Summarization 22

VII Recommendations 22

VIII Conclusion 23

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INTRODUCTION :

An organization is a social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet a need or
to pursue a collective goals. All the organizations have a management structure that determines
the relationship between the different activities and the members, and subdivides and assign roles,
responsibilities, and authority to carry out different tasks.

In this technology driven era, knowledge is not just about studying the theoretical aspects,
but also understanding the practical views and implementing it. Industrial training program aims
to achieve industrial exposure and practical skills.
.
The Organization study was conducted at SHREE RAGHAVENDHRA WEAVING
FACTORY This industry is a private undertaking company situated at the back side of kongu
Mess which is 4 km away from karur City, is definitely a leader in the home collection. The
products they manufactured are mainly for exports, forgin companies, and many other private
companies.

The first step in the textile process is spinning. This step transforms fiber into yarn. Raw
fiber like cotton and wool must be spun for making textile products. Years ago,this process used
to be performed by hand, but developments in technology and machiney have created a machine-
cotrolled process.Once the spinning process has completed,it’s time to move on to weaving.
Weaving dates back thousands of years and is parallel,and weft,which runs perpendicular,to build
a right fabric.

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COMPANY PROFILE :

SHREE RAGHAVENDHRA WEAVING FACTORY This industry is a private

undertaking company situated at the back side of Kongu Mess which is 4 km away from
karur City, is definitely a leader in the home collection. The products they manufactured are
mainly for exports, forgin companies, and many other private companies.

Owner : Mr. P.K.Sendhilkumar

Contact info :-
SREE RAGHAVENDHRA WEAVING FACTORY KARUR.
SF.No 596, Andankovil Pudur,
Andankovil East (Po), Karur-639 002
GST No.33AAVFS2136C12B

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 Achievements :

Our company has a sound infrastructure that consists of manufacturing unit, R&D unit, in-
house quality division, design unit, which work in synchronization with each other to offer quality
proven home furnishing products. We have gain the advantage of having our own weaving and
stitching departments. The panel of selected technicians and experts work for high performance
results and thus the company has earned a unique distinction in its field of operation. Further, our
machines are efficiently managed and regularly upgraded by our workforce to ensure smooth
production.

PRODUCT PROFILE :

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8
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE :-
In Production department they will buy the way of cotton thread piece. It is the first step in
production. They will give bulk of cotton thread piece. The producer will give the accurate colour
what customer asked. They will give to the dye work shop.
The Dye work shop person will give sample coloured thread to the producer. The producer
will check and by the way they will give the bit of coloured thread to the handloom shop. They will
give as a cloth by using the coloured thread given by them.

 Then the production workers will check the cloth by the help of the sample piece
which is given or selected by the customer by using the colour checking machine.
 If there is any difference in sample colour and the cloth produced by the workers,
they will send it to the cleaning process and they bring the accurate colour which is
liked by the customer.
 While production the workers will be very active in producing the product. The
perfect production of the product makes the customer satisfied by their perfect work.
 Due to the perfect work the customers come again and again to buy the products
produced by them.
 The perfect production will always give goodwill to the company. The goodwill
becomes the brand between the customers.

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 There are two types of production they are:

1. Yarn
2. Printing

YARN:

Yarn is a strand composed of fibres, filaments (individual fibres of extreme length), or other
materials, either natural or synthetic, suitable for use in the construction of interlaced fabrics, such as
woven or knitted types. The strand may consist of a number of fibres twisted together; a number of
filaments grouped together but not twisted; a number of filaments twisted together; a single filament,
called a monofilament, either with or without twist; or one or more strips made by dividing a sheet
of material, such as paper or metal foil, and either twisted or untwisted. The properties of the yarn
employed greatly influence the appearance, texture, and performance of the completed fabric.

Raw materials :

Fibres are units of matter having length at least 100 times their diameter or width. Fibres
suitable for textile use possess adequate length, fineness, strength, and flexibility for yarn formation
and fabric construction and for withstanding the intended use of the completed fabric. Other
properties affecting textile fibre performance include elasticity, crimp (waviness), moisture
absorption, reaction to heat and sunlight, reaction to the various chemicals applied during processing
and in the dry cleaning or laundering of the completed fabric, and resistance to insects and
microorganisms.

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Printing :

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 Printing is a process of decorating textile fabrics by application of pigments, dyes, or other
related materials in the form of patterns. Although apparently developed from the hand painting of
fabrics, such methods are also of great antiquity. There is evidence of printing being carried out in
India during the 4th century bce, and a printing block dated at about 300 ce has been unearthed in
the burial grounds of Akhmīn in Upper Egypt. Pre-Columbian printed textiles have been found in
Mexico. Textile printing has become highly sophisticated and has involved the skills of many artists
and designers.

The four main methods of textile printing are block, roller, screen, and heat transfer printing.
In each of these methods, the application of the colour, usually as a thickened paste, is followed by
fixation, usually by steaming or heating, and then removal of excess colour by washing. Printing
styles are classified as direct, discharge, or resist. In direct printing, coloured pastes are printed
directly on the cloth.

For discharge printing, the cloth is first dyed with a background colour, which is destroyed
by reagents, or reducing agents, carried in a print paste. This action may leave the discharged design
white on a coloured background, although print pastes may also contain colouring matters not
destroyed by the discharging agent, producing a coloured design. In the resist process, the cloth is
first printed with a substance called a resist, protecting these printed areas from accepting colour.. A
special application of this technique, imparting plissé effects, is the printing of the fabric with a
resist, followed by treatment with caustic soda.

Block printing :

Wooden blocks, carved with a design standing out in relief, are made from solid pieces of
wood or by bonding closely grained woods with cheaper ones. When designs include large areas,
these are recessed and the space filled with hard wool felt. Fine lines are usually built up with copper
strips, and other effects are obtained with copper strips interleaved with felt. To facilitate registration
of successive prints, or lays, each block has several pitch pins arranged to coincide with well-defined
points in the pattern. Cloth is printed on a table covered with several thicknesses of fabric or blanket,
the whole covered with a thick sheet of tightly stretched synthetic rubber. The cloth to be printed is
spread on the rubber, either gummed in position or pinned to a backcloth attached to the table.

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 Colour is applied evenly to the block, and the pattern is stamped on the fabric to be printed,
using the handle of a small heavy hammer, or maul, to aid penetration of the paste. More colour is
then applied to the block and the process is repeated using the pitch pin to obtain true registration.

Roller printing :

This technique is used whenever long runs of fabric are to be printed with the same design.
The modern machine, based on one originally devised in 1783, consists of a large central cast-iron
cylinder over which passes a thick endless blanket providing a resilient support for the fabric.
Backing fabrics, called back grays, are placed between the blanket and the fabric to prevent undue
staining of the blanket. Although formerly made of cotton fabric, most modern back grays are
continuous belts of nylon. The blanket and back gray are appropriately tensioned, so that the fabric
moves through the machine as the central cylinder rotates. Engraved printing rollers, one for each
colour, press against the fabric and the central cylinder. The pattern on the roller is etched on the
surface of a copper shell supported on a mandrel.

High-quality engraving is essential for good printing. Each printing roller is provided with a
rotating colour-furnishing roller, partially immersed in a trough of printing paste. Finely ground
blades (doctor blades) remove excess colour paste from the unengraved areas of these rollers, and
each also has a lint blade. The printed fabric passes from the main cylinder and through a drying and
steaming chamber to fix the colour. Although this machine prints only one side of the fabric, the
Duplex roller machine, essentially a combination of two roller machines, prints both sides.
Automatic registration is effected by electromagnetic push-button control, and modern electric
motors provide smooth-running, variable-speed drives. The washing of back grays and printer’s
blankets has also been automated.

Heat transfer printing :

The popularity of polyester fabrics led to the development of a completely new form of
printing: heat transfer printing, which prints the pattern on paper with carefully selected dyes. The
paper is then applied to the fabric by passing the two together through a type of hot calendar, and the
pattern is transferred from one to the other. This method opens up new possibilities, such as the
production of halftone effects.

In all textile printing, the nature and, particularly, the viscosity of the print paste are
important, and the thickeners employed must be compatible with all the other components. For
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conventional methods the thickeners are such reagents as starch, gum tragacanth, alginates, methyl
cellulose ethers, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Most textile materials can be printed without special pre-treatment, but wool cloths are
generally chlorinated before printing. Tops (long, parallel wool fibres), printed in stripes, are used
for mixed effects, and printed warps produce shadowy effects. Tufted carpets are printed by a
process designed to ensure good penetration.

Ironing Department: -

Ironing is the most important finishing process in the readymade garments sector which is
done by subjecting a cloth to heat and pressure with or without stream to remove unwanted creases
and to impact a flat appearance to the garments. Ironing is also done to introduce creases in the
apparel. In the garments manufacturing industries, pressing is turned as ironing.

The ironing process gives the neat and decent look of the product which will be satisfied by
the customers by this there will be a great goodwill among customers.

OBJECTIVE OF IRONING:
 Removal of unwanted creases and crinkles.

 Shaping.

 Under pressing.

 Final pressing.

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY :
 To familiarize with the business organization to relate theory with practice.
 To study in detail the entire structure and functioning of the company.

 To learn about product manufacturing and various steps involved in it.

 Understand how information is used in Organization for decision making at various

levels including data flow diagram.
 To understand about the functioning of each department.
 To get to know what is happening inside an factory.

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  To understand the extent of technology adoption.

ORGANIZATION DEPARTMENT;

Checking Department: -

Textile testing is checking the quality and suitability of raw material and selection of material. It
is an important part for textile production, distribution, and consumption. Though it is an expensive
business but essential too. There are some reasons for textile testing; such as, checking raw
materials, monitoring production, assessing the Final Product, investigation of faulty material,
product development and research.

Object of testing:

 Research
 Selection of raw material
 Process control
 Process development
 Product testing
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  Specification test
 Testing is governed by 5M, which are: Man, Machine, Material, Method and Measurement.

1. Fabric Store:
In the fabric store fabric is being checked before issuing it to the cutting department. In
general, not all the fabric rolls are checked. Usually, 10% of fabrics are checked for good fabric
suppliers. For power loom fabric and printed fabric 100% checking is done. Fabrics are checked on a
flat table, flat table with lightbox, or on a fabric checking machine. 4 point system for fabric
inspection is used to measure the quality level of the incoming fabric.
2. Trims & Accessory:
Trims quality is also very important for having a quality garment. Trims inspection is done
randomly against the given standards, like color matching. But for trims and accessories quantity
checking is essential.

3. Cutting Room:
It is said that cutting is the heart of production. If cutting is done well then the chances of
occurring defects in the following processes come down. In the cutting room, checkpoints are –
i) marker checking,
ii) cut part audit,
iii) bundle checking.

4. Printing Checking:

Printing is not a compulsory process. If printing is done in fabric form then printing is being
checked in the fabric store. For knits garment, maximum printing is done in cut panels. So before
issuing cuttings to the sewing department, each panel is being checked properly. Defects that are
found here is print placement, color matching, misprint, or print overlapping or shade variation.

5. Sewing Department:

Inline inspection:

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 In the assembly line generally check pints are kept for the critical operations. In these
checkpoints, 100% checking is done for partially stitched garments and defect-free pieces are
forwarded to the next process. This type of checking is used for the high-value garment.

 Roaming inspection: In this case, checkers roam around the line and randomly check pieces
at each operation.
 Traffic light inspection system: Some garment manufacturers use this inspection system. In
this system, each operator is given a card for measuring their quality performance.
 End of line inspection or table checking: A checker checks a completely stitched garment
at the end of the line. 100% checking is done here,
 Audit of the checked pieces: some manufacturers follow this audit procedure but it is a very
essential checkpoint to assure that only 100% of the inspected garment is sent to finishing
from the sewing department. And all defective pieces are repaired before sending it to the
finishing section.


6. Finishing Department:
Checkpoints in the finishing department consist of the followings

 Initial finishing inspection: checking done prior to pressing of the garment at the finishing
room is known as initial finishing.
 Final finishing Inspection: After pressing, garments are again checked and passed to the
folding section for tagging and packing.
 Internal audit:
o After garments are packed up to a certain quantity, the quality control team, do an
audit of packed garments. This process is carried out to ensure that before handing
over shipment to buyer QC.

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PACKING DEPARTMENT:

Packing is the process of protecting the products from damages and environmental factors
during shipping. If packed properly, your product will arrive at its destination in good condition.

Types of packing

Primary packing Tertiary packing

Secondary packing

1. Primary packing :

The first layer of packing happens in. It protects and preserves the finished product. It
also provides information about the products to the customer.

2. Secondary packing :

Appears outside of the primary packing. It gives extra protection to the products. In
addition, it helps to identify the product quickly in the warehouse.

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 3. Tertiary packing or final packing:

Helps to handle, transport, and store the products. This packing is usually done with
the cartoon box.

Importance of packing :

Product packing helps the manufacturer as well as the customer.

 Product packing helps the client to identify the product inside it. As a result, your packaging
gives you a different identity and differentiates you from your competitors.
 Packaging helps to protect the product from dust, insects, and breakage. Some products like
biscuits and juices need to be packed tightly to protect them from environmental facts.
 It helps to carry and store the products easily.
 Packing some materials may be useful for re-use.
 Good packing reduces the losses of handling issues to reduce the marketing cost.

Different packaging methods used by the packing department of various:

Industries:
Packaging methods differ from industry to industry. The most common packaging
products are cartoon boxes, wrappers, envelopes, bottles, containers, etc.

 Plastic packaging: This is the most commonly used packing method. Some products need
airtight containers to avoid air and dust environmental effects.
 Pharma packaging: Pharmaceutical companies practice pharma packaging for medicines.
Pharma packaging provides safety to the drugs and helps identify the pills while handling and
distributing.

 Anti-corrosive packaging: It protects products from corrosion. Generally, this method is

used for exported goods for long distances.

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  Flexible packaging: Usually, food products use flexible packaging to retain their taste and
flavor.

Packing List Documents in Apparel Sector:

During apparel shipment, the packing list generally includes the below information’s or
documents:

1. Name of the exporter,

2. Name of the importer,
3. Name of the transport company,
4. Date of issue,
5. Number of the freight invoice,
6. Type of packaging (carton, box, barrel, bag, etc.),
7. Total number of packages,
8. Content of each package (Details description of the goods and number of items per package),
9. Marks and numbers,
10. Gross weight, net weight, and measurement of the packages.

SALES DEPARTMENT:

A sales department is responsible for selling products or services for a company. The
department comprises a sales team that works together to make sales, increase profitability and build
and maintain relationships with customers to encourage repeat purchases and brand loyalty. If you're
a job seeker interested in sales, you may want to know more about the functions of a sales
department . In this article, we discuss sales department functions and the objectives of a sales
department, explain why the sales department is important in a company and describe how to
become a sales representative.

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Objectives of a sales department:

When a company's sales department has a clearly defined objective, the team members
understand what actions to take to achieve it. These objectives are realistic and measurable, which
improves the chances of achieving them. Some of the general purposes of the department are:

Achieving a high conversion rate :

The goal of a sales department is to gain a high conversion rate. For example, if a sales
representative converses with 10 prospects and three complete the sales, it's an average conversion
rate. The sales manager and other sales executives are responsible for researching methods to
increase the conversion rate.

Retaining customers :

Another objective is to retain customers. Keeping existing customers rather than

continuously spending funds to attract new customers can increase profitability. Customer retention
can only occur when customers are happy with the company's products or services. One way to
achieve this is by following up after a sale to know if the customer is happy with the service or has
any complaints.

Growing the business :

Like other departments in a company, the sales department exists for business growth and
development. The ability to satisfy customers encourages repeat purchases and referrals, which helps
a business grow. The sales department is one of the most important departments for business growth.

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The importance of a sales department :

A sales department handles more than making sales. It identifies customers' needs, listens to
their suggestions or complaints and directs them to suitable quarters for resolution. Sales
professionals also present sales pitches to prospects to convince them of the quality or authenticity
of a company's products and services.

They build long-term relationships with them and help them feel valued whenever they work
with the business. When customers feel appreciated and valued, they may continue to patronise the
company and refer others to it. Even if a company produces products or delivers services that aren't
of the same quality as the previous ones, loyal customers continue the patronage.

FUNCTIONS OF DEPARTMENT :

Functions Department

Finance Department Store Department

Purchase
Purchase Department
Department Production Department

Management Information Enterprise Resource Planing

System
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Finance Department :

Finance is considered to the lifeblood of any business. Financial management is closely

linked with all other areas of management. Further, the firm’s attitude towards other areas of
management largely depends on its financial position. Usually a firm having a comfortable
financial position may give flexibility to the other management functions such as personnel,
production and marketing. The field of finance refers to the concepts of time, money and risk and
how they are interrelated.

Financial management is that management activity which is concerned with the planning
and controlling of firms financial resources. Finance is one of important and essential part of
ever organization. The four important managerial functions are investment decision,
financing, dividend, decision.

 Providing and interpreting financial information.

 Business modeling and forecasting.
 Analyzing change and conducting risk assessment.
 Participating in strategic planning, and formulating long-term business plans.
 Researching and reporting on factors influencing business performance.
 Pricing and competitor analysis.
 Developing complex finance models.
 Assessing the financial implications of new or existing ventures.
 Conducting reviews and evaluations for cost-reduction opportunities.
 Preparing accounts and reconciling balance sheets.
 . Overseeing budgetary control.

Purchase Department :

Purchase department is in charge of purchasing all raw materials required for production
packing materials, spare parts for machines and also purchase of sundry items. Airwill has got a
separate purchase department which meets the needs of thus helps the right product at the right
time. The purchase department airwill handles the procurement, spare of supply to the customers,
capital equipments, general items like stationery consumables, tools, maintenance and repair items

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The department holds a 17 member team to facilitate the ease of communication, co- ordination
and consolidation. All units are done by one group. The indigenous procurement is done by two
groups one for electric and electronic and other for mechanical, capital and general purchase.
There are mainly three group leaders who use the assistance of the supporting staff for carrying
out the purchase function effectively.

Production Department :

New product can be marketed or an existing product significantly improved, the

production department together with research, product development, sales and marketing
departments must define and agree upon costs, profits, marketing dates and product quality.

Production operations follow clearly defined procedure; they must comply with the
principle of good manufacturing practice in order to obtain products of the requisite quality
and be in accordance with the relevant manufacturing and marketing authorizations.

LEARNING SUMMARIZATION :

I have learned about all the department in this company so that I gained more knowledge
about the work done in this company. M.Lakesh Varma Vcsm: I have learned about all the
department in this company so that I gained more knowledge about the work done in this
company

 Yarn and fabric purchase

 Dying and bleaching

 Weaving

 Printing

 Checking

 Cutting

 Stitching

 Checking

 Packing and finishing

 Inspection.
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RECOMMENDATIONS :

1. To maintain the place and the product of a company.

2. The company mainly focused their advertisement

3. To conduct the company meeting every week

4. To make the company product as quality

5. To maintain the eco system.

CONCLUSION :

This internship was a great experience to me. It was a real pleasure for me to work in
SHREE RAGHAVENDHRA WEAVING FACTORY KARUR I worked with nice people
in a good atmosphere. The internship has given me an insight into the working of an
organization engaged in the production of offered me opportunity to learn and develop
myself in many areas. I gained a lot of experience, especially in finance and human resource
field. The tasks and activities that assigned to me internship are familiar with what I’m
studying at the moment worked in many areas where I did different work. The organization
has a wide range of products and good after sales service. It has more customized products
and the firm has unbeatable quality checking measures. The organization ensures 100%
quality in almost all of its products. The internship exercise was mainly to enable me acquire
practical skills and link theory to practice in the real world so as to meet the market needs.

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