CHAPTER 1: The Impact of Technology in a Changing World
Technology in a Global Society
- Accelerating global change.
- Galvanizing people in novel ways.
Impact of Tools of Modern Technology
- Social networking fosters group connections and idea exchange.
- Crisis-mapping tools collect and map data.
Global Issues
- Health care: Vaccines, increased production, and data-driven design.
- The Environment: Data alerts scientists to trends.
Global Issues
- The Digital Divide: Internet access gap hinders problem-solving.
Technology Connects Us with Others
- Collaboration for the greater good using Web 2.0.
- Cognitive Surplus enables creativity.
- Crowdfunding supports dreams.
Technology Impacts How We Consume
- Marketing tech aids decisions and purchases.
- QR codes and crowdsourcing are marketing tools.
- Shift from ownership to access models (e.g., ZipCar).
The Importance of Computer Literacy
- Computer literacy: Understand and safely use computers.
Artificial Intelligence Basics
- Intelligence: Ability to acquire and apply knowledge.
- Artificial intelligence: Machines perform human-like tasks.
Artificial Intelligence Basics
- Goals of AI: NLP, perception, knowledge representation, planning, problem solving, learning.
Artificial Intelligence Basics
- AI development: Expert systems, neural networks, machine learning.
Technology and Career Opportunities
- Retail: Data mining for consumer patterns.
Technology and Career Opportunities
- Banking: AI detects fraud.
- Transportation: Autopilots and autonomous vehicles.
Technology and Career Opportunities
- Education: Intelligent personal assistants and grading automation.
Technology and Career Opportunities
- Law Enforcement: Computers in cars, facial reconstruction, and forensics.
Technology and Career Opportunities
- Medicine: Diagnosis, patient systems, prosthetics design.
Technology and Career Opportunities
- Psychology: MACH and affective computing.
Defining Ethics
- Ethics vs. laws, unethical vs. amoral behavior.
Personal Ethics
- Determining personal ethics through principles and influences.
Ethics and Technology
- Intellectual Property: Copyrights, patents, trademarks.
- Privacy: Balancing control and information.
- Social Justice: Predictive policing, whistleblowing (e.g., WikiLeaks).
Ethics and Technology
- Liability: 3D printing quality concerns.
- Censorship: Global differences in website blocking.
Ethics and Technology
- Social Activism: Hacktivism and subversive use of tech.
- Automated Robotic Machinery: Ethical dilemmas (e.g., self-driving cars).
CHAPTER 2 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts
- Computers are Data Processing Devices:
- Computer performs four major functions:
1. Input: Gathers data, allows entering data.
2. Process: Manipulates, calculates, or organizes data.
3. Output: Displays data and information.
4. Storage: Saves data and information.
- Binary: The Language of Computers:
- Bit:
- Binary digit.
- 0 or 1.
- Byte:
- Unique combinations of 8 bits of 0s and 1s.
- Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, and petabytes.
- Types of Computers:
- Cell phones.
- Tablets.
- Laptops and their variants.
- Stationary computers.
- Input Devices - Physical Keyboards and Touch Screens:
- Used to enter data and instructions.
- Examples:
- Keyboard.
- Touch screen.
- Stylus.
- Virtual keyboard.
- Input Devices - Mice and Other Pointing Devices:
- Mouse.
- Touch pad (trackpad).
- Game controllers.
- Input Devices - Image, Sound, and Sensor Input:
- Popular for images:
- Digital cameras.
- Camcorders.
- Mobile device cameras.
- Flatbed scanners.
- Webcams.
- Popular for sound:
- Microphone with voice recognition software.
- Sensors.
- Output Devices - Image and Audio Output:
- Send data out of the computer in the form of text, pictures, sounds, and video.
- Examples:
- Monitors.
- Printers.
- Speakers and headphones/earbuds.
- Types of display screens:
- Liquid crystal display (LCD).
- Light-emitting diode (LED).
- Organic light-emitting diode (OLED).
- Speaker and headphone/earbud output.
- Output Devices - Printers:
- Inkjet printers.
- Laser printers.
- Cloud-ready printers.
- All-in-one printers.
- Large format printers.
- 3D printers.
- Processing and Memory on the Motherboard:
- The motherboard and memory:
- Motherboard components.
- Processing:
- Central processing unit (CPU) or processor.
- CPU performance measures.
- Storing Data and Information:
- Storage options on computing devices:
- Local storage devices.
- Portable storage options.
- Cloud storage.
- Connecting Peripherals to the Computer Ports:
- Thunderbolt.
- Universal serial bus (USB) port.
- Connectivity port.
- HDMI port.
- Power Management and Ergonomics:
- Power controls and power management:
- Battery drain.
- Sleep mode.
- Warm/cold boot..
- Setting It All Up: Ergonomics:
- Ergonomics guidelines.
- Assistive (adaptive) technologies.
CHAPTER 3
The Internet and How It Works
The Origin of the Internet
- The Internet is a network of networks.
- Established a secure form of communications.
- Created a means of communication for all computers.
- Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET).
How the Internet Works
- Client/server network.
- Internet Protocol (IP) address.
Collaborating and Communicating on the Web
Collaborating with Web Technologies
- Web 2.0 and social media.
- Project collaboration and file sharing tools.
- Blogs, podcasts, webcasts, and media sharing platforms.
Communicating over the Web
- E-mail and real-time communication methods.
Conducting Business on the Web
- Types of e-commerce business models.
- Additional types of e-commerce.
- E-commerce safeguards.
Accessing and Moving Around the Web
Web Browsers
- Features of web browsers.
URLs, Protocols, and Domain Names
- Components of URLs and protocols.
Navigating the Web
- Techniques for navigating the web.
Searching the Web Effectively
Using Search Engines
- Basics of search engines and tips for better search results.
Evaluating Websites
- Factors to consider when evaluating internet resources.
Using the Web Ethically
Digital Activism
- Digital activism and ethical questions.
Geolocation
- Geolocation technology and privacy concerns.
.
CHAPTER 4
Software Basics:
Application vs. System Software
- Software—set of instructions that tells the computer what to do
- Two basic types of software
– Application software
– System software
Distributing Software
- Ways software is created
– Proprietary (commercial)
– Open source (free)
- Ways software is distributed
– Local installation
– Software as a Service (SaaS)
– Subscription
Managing Your Software:
Purchasing Software
- DVD from brick and mortar store
- Downloading from the Internet (as purchase or subscription)
- Student discounts
- Freeware
- Beta version
Installing and Uninstalling Software
- System requirements
- Restore point
- Full installation
- Custom installation
- Recovering from a computer crash
- Uninstalling software
- Recovery drive
Upgrading Software
- Upgrades/updates not needed for subscriptions or SaaS
- Is it cost effective?
- Between upgrades are software updates or patches
Software Licenses
- End User License Agreement (EULA)
– States the following:
– Ultimate owner
– Copies allowed
– # of installations allowed
– Warranties
Productivity and Business Software:
Productivity Software
- Lets you perform various tasks required at home, school, and business
- Examples of proprietary, open source, and web-based productivity software
– Word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, database, note-taking, personal information
manager (PIM), and personal financial software
Business Software
- Small business software
– Accounting software
– Desktop publishing (DTP) software
– Web authoring software
- Software for large and specialized businesses
– Vertical market software
– Computer-aided design (CAD) programs
– Home or landscape planning
Multimedia and Educational Software:
Digital Multimedia Software
- Multimedia software for image editing, video editing, drawing, and more
- Digital audio software and file types
App Creation Software
- App creation software for mobile devices
Educational and Reference Software
- Examples of educational and reference software
