Thursday, January21, 2021

WEEK 03
DAY 03 (Paper 01)
First Year after Hijra
• On the day the Messenger of Allah (P.B.U.H) arrived at Madina, the people had just gone back
into their houses. The first person to see him was a Jew, thus fulfilling the prophecy contained
in the Torah. In Madinah, the people greeted the Messenger of Allah (P.B.U.H) enthusiastically.
Children were singing as he arrived. Everyone was eager that he should stay with him. The
grabbed the halter of his camel, but the Prophet (P.B.U.H) said, “Let it go its own way, it is
under orders.” Eventually the camel stopped at the home of Banu Malik Ibn al-Najjar. By
herself, she knelt at a place, which today marks the door of the Prophet’s mosque. It belonged
to two orphan boys, Sahil and Suhail, of the Banu Najjar. The Prophet (P.B.U.H) paid them the
price of the land and built the mosque of the Prophet (P.B.U.H) (Masjid-al-nabvi). While the
mosque was being built, he stayed at the house of Abu Ayub al Ansari.

• The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) himself worked hard with the companions to complete the
building. This mosque was known as the “Mosque of the Prophet” or Masjid-e-Nabawi. It is
referred to in the Quran in the following words:

“There is a mosque whose foundation was laid from the first day on piety; it is more worthy of thy
standing forth (for prayer) therein. In it are men who love to be purified, and Allah loveth those who
make themselves pure.” (9:108)

• After the construction of Masjid e Nabwi Muslims felt the need to find a way to inform people
to come to congregational prayer. The Prophet (pbuh) asked his companions for their advice.
Some suggested that the Muslims, like the Jews, should blow a horn to announce the time for
the prayer. Others said, the Muslims might ring bells as the Christians do in their churches. A
few proposed that the Muslims, like the fire-worshippers, kindle a fire to call people to pray.
Yet other suggested the beating of drums but the Prophet (pbuh) did not approve any of
these because it resembled the unbelievers. Hazrat Umar suggested that people should be
called to prayer in human voice. The Prophet (pbuh) waited to hear a better idea or to receive
guidance from Allah.
One day, a companion, 'Abdullah ibn Zaid , came and said, "O Messenager of Allah! I had a
beautiful dream last night."
The Prophet(pbuh) asked , "What was the dream you saw?".
Zaid answered, "I have seen that a man wearing green garments taught me the words of the
'Adhan and advised me to call people to prayer with these words." He then recited the words
for the 'Adhan.
The words were beautiful and full of meaning. The Prophet (pbuh) recognized that the dream
of 'Abdullah bin Zaid was true. He asked 'Abdullah to teach the words of the 'Adhan to Bilal,
who had a loud and beautiful voice. Thus he was appointed as the Muezzin.

• The Muslims in Madinah belonged to two categories. Those who had migrated to Madinah
from Makkah were known as Muhajirin or emigrants. Those who belonged to Madinah and
had given shelter to the emigrants and helped them were known as Ansar or the Helpers. The
Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) established brotherhood between these two groups of Muslims. He
told the Ansar that the Muhajirin were in need of help, and so he wanted to create
 brotherhood between them. The Ansar willingly agreed to this. The Holy Quran mentioned
this in these words: “Those who believed and adopted exile, and fought for the faith, with
their property and their persons, in the cause of Allah, as well as those who gave (them)
asylum and aid, these are (all) friends and protector, one of another.”(8:72)
• Even the enmity between the two tribes of Madinah, Aus and Khazraj was forgotten, as
mentioned in the Holly Quran; “....And remember with gratitude Allah’s favour on you; for
he were enemies and He joined yours heart in love, so that by His grace, ye became
brethren...”(3:103)

• There were three main tribes of Jews; Banu Qainuqa, Banu Nazir and Banu Quraiza, settled
in the suburbs of Madinah in their own strong fortresses. As soon as the Holly Prophet
(P.B.U.H) was settled in Madinah, he called together the Muslims and the Jewish tribes for
consultation. After an exchange of views, an agreement was reached which granted
o equal rights to the Jews with full liberty to follow their own faith without any interference by
the Holly Prophet (P.B.U.H) or his followers.
o It stated that the Muslims and Jews were allies and would help each other,
o that neither party would commit aggression against the other,
o and that in case of an attack on Madinah, both Muslims and Jews would defend it.
o It also guaranteed protection of their life and property
o the Treaty also established the Holy Prophet (P.B.U,.H) as the leader and the head of the
State of Madinah.

The name of the town was changes from Yathrib to Madina tul Nabi i.e City of the Prophet.

5(b) How can Muslims apply this model of brotherhood to help their communities?
or
(b) What lessons can Muslims learn from the brotherhood that was created in Madina? [4]

• Islam establishes human brotherhood on the basis of faith. Allah describes the believers as
being brother. “The believers are but brothers” [49:10]
• Brotherhood between Muhajirin and Ansar reminds the Muslims that the feeling of
brotherhood is an essential prerequisite for unity. It guarantees the safety and the well-being
of the society at large.
• Muslims can help by looking to see what they can offer others. Help can be in any form, e.g.,
financial assistance to poor, youth services, challenging social injustice etc.
• Muslims may live in areas where people from another country have come to settle, whether it
be because they are fleeing from persecution for example Kashmir, Palestine etc or to seek
work. Muslims can help them by finding out about them, asking if they need any help,
providing food/clothing/information and /or by helping them to integrate.