MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Plumbing Tools PLUMBING TOOLS wrenches ~ is hand operated tool used for tightening or loosening bolts, or anything that wipes to be turned. The British English call it a “Spanner”; the American Bak call it “wrench”. Pipe Wrench (U.S.) - is used to screw pipes into or out of their fittings. Its an adjustable wrench used for turning soft iron pipes and fittings with a rounded surface. Teeth angled in the direction of turn dig into the soft pipe. They are not intended for use on hardened steel hex nuts or other fittings because they would ruin the head; however, if a hex nut is soft enough that it becomes rounded beyond use with standard wrenches, a pipe wrench is sometimes used to break the bolt or nut free. Stillson Wrench (U.K) - it is a variation of pipe wrench with a swiveling seriated jaw and knurled control knob located between the frame forming the head and the handle of the wrench. Named after Daniel Stillson. End pipe Wrench - assures a fast and easy grip for pipe working in restricted spaces or close to a wall. A tool fast and easy grip used on constricted spaces or close to a wall where pipes alter their course (for example where they bend with a 90 degree angle). They are set at a slight angle to the wrenches’ handles and they have teeth in the jaw for an improved grip. Rap wrench - a variation of a pipe wrench; has a deeper and broader hook jaw housing which provides ‘a smooth, flat surface that is may be occasionally used as ahammer. Compound Leverage Wrench =A unique type of pipe wrench in which the turning force applied is imultiplied. Ideal for freeing locked couplings and joints frozen by age or damage. Offset Pipe Wrench - A unique type of pipe wrench ‘aw opening parallel to the handle and a featuring a j a narrower hook jaw which provides easy entry into tight spaces. Monkey Wrench - A tool which resembles a pipe its smooth jaws. It is used to g with parallel sides or \d unions. An hexagonal ends such as nuts, valves and un apes eng or adjustable wrench may be substituted for this purpose. Invented by Charles Moncky. wrench, except for its : tighten or loosen fittin Balanoyos/RealuyoMASTER PLUMBING REVIE Plumbing Tools f Se y Pans om Balanoyos/Realuyo ‘WER AND TEXT Adjustable Spud Wrench - It has un-sery. used to turn fittings of minimum stren, copper and brass valve and drain trap fittin, and lavatories. ‘ated jaws » Such as 8 OF Sinks djustable wrench / Crescent wrench -~ a several types of wrenches having ones of and the other adjustable; set to a desired size ed opening by means of knurled. It is used the same or that ofa monkey wrench. Crescent is brand name, . Locking pliers, Mole grips (Mole wrench) or Vise. Grips - are pliers that can be locked into position, using an over-center action. Vise grip and Mole grips are brand name. Jaw Dropper Wrench- For tightening taps without isolating the water supply. Adjustable jaws allow for access to both the pipe union nut and the tap back nut with the same spanner. Double-ended design allows use on all standard sink and bath nuts. Strap Wrench - This is used for any polished pipes particularly plastic or synthetic and this walled or plated which are relatively soft or may be scratched or crushed by a wrench with serrated jaws. It has along nylon strap which gives tight grip. It is also used in places too small to admit a pipe wrench. Torque Wrench - A type of wrench used in No hub soil pipe installation. It is used to ensure tight, leak free joints. The drive tightness with a fast ratchet until the wrench clicks for an accurate 60 pound torque for every application. Internal Wrench - A type of wrench used to install or extract 1 through 2 inches nipples. It is composed of serrated slotted disks of different diameters attached to a shaft, these disks expand by eccentric action and provides tight grip between the interior walls of the pipe and the disk, This is used to hold closet spuds and bath, basin and sink strainers with a diameter up to 2 inches. Hex Wrench - A wrench with a hexagonal jaw which is multi-side, used to provide secure grip 0 hexagonal nuts, square nuts, unions and valve packing nuts. The extra-wide opening offset is ideal for securing drain nut on sinks and tubs. 568THE ‘Masters’ Boox s Chain Wrench a MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Plumbing Tools Allen Wrench - A wrench screws wil is with hi shaped recess in its head. oeay Valve Seat Wrench- This is used to remove faucet valve seat. Closet Wrench - A tool designed to fasten the closet seat to the closet bowl. Basin Wrench or Sink wrench- This wrench has a swiveling jaw that enable a plumber to reach into places not easily accessible with conventional wrenches. It has a spring loaded jaws that enables fast one hand ratcheting. One of the primary uses of this type of wrench is to loosen and tighten nuts that hold faucets, but the tool might be adapted for other close- fit application. Packing Nut Socket Wrenches - These are available in sets and fir nearly all tub, tub and shower valves. They are hexagonal on both ends and hollow core to fit over faucet stem handles. Their importance lie on the fact that faucet valve packing nuts and stem assemblies are brass; If the workman uses an open- ended or adjustable wrench, strong pressure may warp or break the nut thimble. These are practically impossible to replace without tearing out the walls. Plastic Nut Basin Wrench - designed to reach & turn plastic mounting nuts on faucets, sprayers and ballcocks. Basket Strainer Wrench - A tool used to tighten the nut that secures the basket to the sink. ‘Tong - a type of wrench that is slipped around a pipe d larger) and then Chain Wrench/ Chain having a sprocket chain (usually with 150 mm diameter an attached to the wrench handle. Balanoyos/RealuyoMAS’ TER PLUMBIN' G REVIEWER AND TEXT plumbing Tools pIPE/TUBE C Pipe Cutter/ Tube | ‘vnich partall one or more sharp forced against cutting progressively. It UTTING & PREPARATION i bing; _ Ahand tool for cutting or tubing: cutter 8 ly encircles the pipe carries i heels is s, the cutting edge of the wi were on the other end of the tool; &% tool around the pipe pe or copper tubing, the pipe by ey rotating the us| dow used for cutting Gl Pil Some Types of Pipe Cutter: 2. Wide-Roll Pipe Cutter 3. Hinged 1, 4-Wheel Pipe Cutter K Cutters 5. Ratchet Cutter 4, Soil Pipe Cutter ‘Types of Soil Pipe Cutters 1. No. 226 In-Place Soil Pipe Cutter - designed to cut hub 1%" (40 rm) to 6" (150 mm) and No-Hub soil pipe in tight quarters. Only 17" (43 cm) long, the Model 226 is perfect for cutting cast iron, cement and clay pipe where space is limited. No.246, 2465, 2461 & 248 Soil Pipe Cutters -Model 246 soil pipe cutters cut 2" (50 mm) to 12" (300 mm) clay, cast-iron or cement pipe. Model 248 has larger diameter cutting wheels and a longer handle, Designed to cut up to 18" (450 mm) concrete / clay pipe. No. 228 Soil Pipe Assembly Tool - Handles all 142" (40 mm) to 8" (200 mm) gasketed soil pipe without extra, loose attachments. Model No. Description ane in, 226 | In-Place Soil Pipe Cutter | 1-6 246 1-6 2465 . 2-8 tet] ‘Soil Pipe Cutter FEE: 248 2-18 228 Soil Pipe Assembly Tool 1%-6 Source: RIDGID Catalog Balanoyos/Realuyo 570 fe S a Pipe orTe MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT ues Plumbing Tools pipe Reamer -It is used to remove the burrs from the i inside of th opening. A burr is a rough or sharp edge left on metal by le pipe or to enlarge an a cutting tool. Types of Pipe Reamer 1. Spiral Ratchet Pipe Reamer - A tapered bit having sharp, spiral fluted edges along the shaft; Used to enlarge an opening, or remove burrs from the inside of a pipe especially after cutting etc. 2, Combination Pipe Reamer ~ A type of pipe reamer used to remove the internal and external burrs of a pipe that had resulted from cutting; usually applicable on plastic and other thin-walled pipe or tubing. pipe, plugs, fittings, etc. Pipe Pipe Extractor- a tool used to remove broken threaded ends of | Extractor Pipe Tap -It is used to create internal threads or to rethread metal 7 piping and fittings, or other metal fabricated objects. These taps can beused with aluminum, brass, copper or steel. —s Pipe Die / Pipe Threader - Any of the several types of adjustable tools for cutting external threads in pipe ends; used. ortte @ inplumbing. Pipe Threader BENDING AND FORMING TOOLS € ‘Types of Level Benders ~ used fi 1. Plumbing Bender - used to bend K and © 2. Instrument Benders - used for i nealed copper, steel and equal to 0.06" (1.5 mm) toa maximum of 180°. Balanoyos/Realuyo S71MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT plumbing Tools Masts! 4, Heavy-Duty Instrument Bender - used for bending stainless steel, and other hard tubing such as steel and titanium, 3, Tri-Bender ~ Designed to easily bend Shree different sizes of soft copper tubing ‘with the same tool. Ideal for plumbing and HVAC applications. Source: RIDGID Catalog ‘Types of Tube Benders ‘Tube Bender - a tool used to bend flexible copper tubing without distortion. 1. Spring-type tube bender - for free-form 2. Geared Ratchet Tube Bender ~ peer ending of soft copper and aluminum tube. used to bend heavy-wall steel tube (up to 1/8" wall thickness), stainless steel tube (up to 3/32" wall ‘thickness) and hard copper water tube (typesKand 1). especially lead pipe. n ablock which Bending Iron- ig Iron- a tool used to straighten or to expand flexible pipe, Bending Pin- - one of a number of pi are used in bending iron or Toe in aset ina staggered arrangement i Tube Ex; ‘pander- a hand- xX Ss \ ~~ Ww Flaring Tool ~ A tool used to m ij mn used to m ak © watertight joints between flexible copper tubing aul = Te mbressor screw is slowly tighten octeea bal sha mitt Me ised to widen the e ype or nical seal, nd of aso otal tabing usually copper Balanoyos/Realuyo ~ 572Book Plumbing Tools “ ‘THE ' MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT types of Flaring Took: Hammer Type Flaring Tool 2. Yoke and Screw Type Flaring Tool GENERAL PURPOSE HAND TOOLS Pipe Vise- a vise for holding pipe or tubing during cutting or threadin tions; ped ina V-shaped serrated jaws or (for larger pipes) bye chains. ee eg ias Types of Vises 1.Portable Tri-stand chain vise- ithas internal legs and tray hat folds in for easy carrying and set-up large vise base overhangs front legs for clear tool swing; it has complete slots for hanging plumbing tools, has pipe rest, and three pipe benders and ceiling base crew. 2. Bench Yoke Vice- yoke and base are made of strong, dependable iron. It has hardened alloy steel jaws and convenient pipe rest and bender. 3.Bench chain Vise- it has crank handle on base, rugged cast iron base has jaws of hardened alloy steel with handy pipe rest, pipe bender. Toothless jaws and neoprene coated to prevent scratching of pipe. 4.Stand Chain Vise- a handy stand chain vise is made of sturdy cast iron frame with allows steel jaws. It is quipped with pipe rest, pipe bender and tool tray- 5. poo. Chain and Yoke Vise- a light, strong, ‘a le post chain vise which fits any kind of post. It is 'pbed with tray for oil can and handy pipe bender. PA 5 aN Balanoyos/Realuyo 573MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Plumbing Tools a 6. Pipe Welding Vise - made. of durable performance- proven material and designed to resist strain, heat and warping during tacking. Machine swivel nuts and pins together with special chain screws give smooth and trouble-free assembling of vise onto pipe. Type of Welding Vise: 1. Straight Pipe Welding Vise 2. Elbow Pipe Welding Vise 3. Flange Pipe Welding Vise 4, Angle Pipe Welding Vise Type of Saws: 1H i . ; lacksaw - A tool for cutting plastic and 2, PVC/ABS Saw - used for cutting plastic metal pi . inch forentgs e 16 teeth per pipe, plywood and veneers. Has , thin-walled pipe, 1 ch tubing and aluminum handle and 18" blade W replacements available. Source; RIDGID catalog Walanoyos/Realuyo 574THE : Masters’ MASTER PLUMB: Book ING REVIEWER AND TEXT Plumbing Tools Type of Hammers: The claw hammer is designed for working with wood, ler for metalwork. , the ball peen hamm : Ripping Claw Hammer Curved Claw Hammer Tinner’s hammer - also known as setting hammer, it is usually used in every sheet metal shop to complete a folded seam for both straight duct and fittings. Ball peen Hammer- is a kind of peening hammer that has 2 ends. One end is shaped like an ordinary hammerhead while the other is ball shaped. It is used in striking and shaping metal materials. It is the tool that is utilized to form the general shape of the material in metal fabrication - Engineer’s hammer - Also knownas a baby sledge hammer, a tool used for heavy hammering or demolition work. Sledge Hammer - Used for the heavier jobs, such as driving in stakes or to break up concrete, stone or masonry. Half Hatchet Hammer - this is a rugged tool designed for use in trimming and shaping poles. Power Hammers - More often referred to as ‘powered nailers’, these take the hard work out of fitting nails, staples etc. ed to drill mmers - are US| oi dge and -drilling h pant otis to drive we steel into rock or d feathers into cracks or drilled holesMASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Tae Plumbing Tools Masrens’ Screwdriver- a tool with a handle and shank, with a tapered wedge-shaped tip which fits into the recess in the head of a crew; used for driving a screw in place or removing it by turning the head of the screw. The tip of the screwdriver may vary according to application. Types of Screwdriver: 1. Flat Head Screwdriver - a screwdriver designed to turn slotted screws. : 2. Phillips screw driver- is primarily used to fasten and uifasten screws with a star-like hole —— | cl | : RIDGID Catalog Eo) Balanoyos/RealuyoING REVIEWER AND TEXT MASTER PLUMB Plumbing Tools Drain Machine or plumber’s snake, clean sink Auger - is 2 valuable and easy to use tool for breaking up clogs and help a and clearing clear drains clogs in sinks quickly and S and tubs. efficiently. Drain rods - are plumbing equipment used to attempt to unblock drains and sewers. Plunger, Force Cup, Plumber's Friend, Plumber's Helper- a tool consisting of a rubber suction cup attached to a handle; set over a plumbing trap (or the like) and worked with a pumping action to clear the trap of minor obstruction. Accordion Plunger - this interesting looking plunger has a design better suited for clearing toilet clogs because it has a smaller cup effective for clearing blockages in larger pipes. Asteel ame size as the internal pipe diameter, is forced into Use in larger pipes not for residential. Taze Plunger - Notacommon tool but rod with an attached disk; that is the s the pipe creating a high pressure zone. Air-operated plunger - An air-operated plunger works by forming 4 suction seal and then forcing pressurized air into the blocked pipe. Some says this is for gimmick only. Accordion Plunger Taze Plunger Plunger 5 Air-operated ine ‘laser mune Drain Rods 580Tse "i MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT oe Plumbing Tools ing Iron- a chisel-like tool used to pack and co! sin a a ts obaaltes pe mpress hemp rope into the bell of a cast i curved offset ron (insideand outside) _ Spring Yarning Iron Long curved offset Iron (squareend) Offset Yarning Iron Caulking Iron- used upon pouring of molten lead to ensure air bubbles in the material are femoved and provide a leak-free joint. Ces EEFTIRON INSIDE PONY CAULKER. es S-TYPE GAULKING IRON = CEILING CAULKING IRON, ‘BROAD CURVED-NOSE CAULKING IRC: REGULAR CAULKING IRO? DOUBLE GAULKING IRON BENT CAULKING IRON Pick-out iron - has a diamond- shaped flat point; it is used to remove the lead and oakum froma joint. Pick-out Iron: Stub Iron: Trimming Iron: = ae Achamber pot (ARINOLA) (also a mompot, a jordan, ajemy, a guzunder, a PO (possibly from French: pot ae, 5 de chambre), a piss pot, a potty, or a thunder pot, = honey pot) is a bowl-shaped container with a handle, a and often a lid, kept in the bedroom under a bed or in the cabinet of a nightstand and generally used as a toilet at night. Melting Pot and Laddle- a metal pot and spoon like scoop used for melting and pouring molten lead into acaulked joint and other related applicationMASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Plumbing Tools Tre : Boor Blow Torch / Blow Lamp- a torch which generates high intensity flame; used for heating soldering irons, melting lead in a melting pot, burning off paint, etc. (example propane torch) profane Torch: a device primarily used for soldering fitting to tubing. Different nozzles may be attached to give flames various shapes, sizes and different heat intensities. It is used to solder copper water pipes. They can also be used for some low temperature q welding applications, as well as for brazing: dissimilar metals together. Machine Tools - There are electrically-powered mechanical tools used to do plumbing job quietly and efficiency. Power Threading Equipment Power Pipe Cutter Varl-orbit Ji Jigsaw Reciprocating Orbital Saw Right Angle Drill Portable Electric Drill Balanoyos/RealuyoTHE T g fi 5? MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT beds Book Plumbing T¢ portable Roll Groover sree ‘ortable Cordless Drill P< ¢ <2... RID> 2 915 . Geared Threader Core Drilling - Machine Drill Hammer - also known as a “rotary hammer", "rotary drill” oe “hammering drill", is a rotary drill with a hammering action. Angle Grinder Cordless Drill Drill Press - is a Hammer cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut or enlarge a hole of circular cross- section in solid materials, Air Impact Wrench - (also known as an impactor, air wrench, air gun, rattle gun, torque gun, windy gun) is a socket wrench power tool designed to deliver high torque output with minimal exertion by the user. These are the tool you turn to when no other wrench is working: ealuyO 583 Balanoyos/RMASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Tae | Mastens’ Plumbing Tools ‘Boox re tools used to test the plumbing system for leaks and othe ler defects, Testing Tools- these ai be done in accordance with established standard procedi edures, The use of which must 4, Mechanical Test Plug 2. Inflatable Rubber 3. P: . Pressure Test se Test Balls pressure Gauge) Pam (wit Balanoyos/Realuyo 584 i‘HE i ‘ MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Pa 00K Miscellaneous Figures MISCELLANEOUS FIGURES practice of Profession in Mechanical Plant Certified : rf Capacity Plant Mechanical Professional ee (kw) Mechanic Engineer Mechanical _(cPM) (ME) apie Tooperate, tend or maintain, or be in- 100 - 300 2000 projects, plant of: x x vo Source: R.A. 8495: Philippine Mechanical Engineering Act, Section 33 Common Types of Hangers UypeHanger for _U-tye Hanger fr Adjustable Clip for _Side Beam Branch Lines Gres en Branch Lines Adjustable Hanger A aaa Coach Adjustable Swivel —_agjystable Flat Adjustable Clevis aay P for Ring Hanger with Iron Hanger Hanger ‘ines Expansion Shield i 5 with any C-type Clamp “lever Bracket “Universal” I-beam “Universal” Retaining St™4P Channel Clamp Clamp - Falanoyos/ RealtyTae MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT i Miscellaneous Figures he pacman C-type Clamp Center I-beam “CL-Universal” - it Retainin Clamp for Branch Top Beam Clamp Con rote Insert Seas : Lines EyeRodand Ring Wrap-around U Hanger Hook Source: ASPE Data Book Volume 3 (2001) Parts of Various Systems Tail Piece (or Fixture outlet pipe) Inlet Outlet Trap dip (Upper dip) ‘Trap arm Trap. (or fixture drain) adapter Trap Seal Depth P-trap Cleanout———>} Balanoyos/Realuyo 586E out ‘ MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT ipasBooe Miscellaneous Figures Cover Stop Coupling Control Stop ‘Supply Flange Handle Assembly. Flush Connection Outlet Coupling (Vacuum Breaker) Spud eae | : ‘4b Spud Flange ‘3 Parts of Sloan Flush Valve &)— Handle or Wheel 4 pala ——— Packing Nut \— ~ Breaker Tube ~~ = Packing | Stem | spud Coupling Washer LI x Nylon stip ee 9" Gasket Sd Outlet — Rubber __~ = Seat a Gasket Valve Body oo — Spud ——C Flange Parts of Vacuum Breaker Flush Connection Parts of Globe Valve 587 Balanoyos/RealuyoMASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Miscellaneous Figures Refill Tube Trip Lever Upper Lift Wire Lower Lift Wire Float Ball Cock. or Float Valve + Guide Arm for Tank Ball +. Tank Ball Overflow Flush Valve Rubber Gasket ’ Washer| Compressfon Nut Locknutl Hex Nut“ “@y7 Compression Stop or Shutoff Valve Soft Tube Parts of Water Closet Flush Tank Rust Proof Bolts, Combined Flashing Collar and Gravel Stop Seepage Openings Underdeck Clamp Bosses ‘Thru-Tapped Lugs Debris Proof Style Smooth Large Volume Sump Parts of Roof Drain Balanoyos/Realuyo 588MASTER PLUMBING REVIEWER AND TEXT Miscellaneous Figures Outlet (82.2°C Water) hutoff Valve Cold-water Si Thermometer reel, ed Disconnect i - mee Switch i 1215" Tempered Water Outlet Mixing Valve Check Valve ‘Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve Drain Valve Ynion Parts of Water Heater are Pressure Tank Suction Pump oe Float Valve-tP\_ <=> y = - Ladder Rung Foot Valve —= am “i —> Parts of Hydropneumatic System with Cistern 589 Balanoyos/Realuyo 4ER AND TEXT pLUMBING REVIEW R MASTE us Figures miscellaneo Manhole Airspace Liquid Level Outlet Baffle ee = Effluent Influent to Drainfilg e froma Hows Pte ihitltonte Sludge 45 sludge Pit : a ys Sludge Pit See as en Digestion Chamber Leaching Chamber Parts of Septic Tank Balanoyos/Realuyo 590