Package ‘geos’

November 30, 2023

Title Open Source Geometry Engine ('GEOS') R API
Version 0.2.4
Description Provides an R API to the Open Source Geometry Engine
('GEOS') library (<https://libgeos.org/>) and a vector format
with which to efficiently store 'GEOS' geometries. High-performance functions
to extract information from, calculate relationships between, and
transform geometries are provided. Finally, facilities to import
and export geometry vectors to other spatial formats are provided.
License MIT + file LICENSE
Encoding UTF-8
RoxygenNote 7.2.3
Suggests testthat (>= 3.0.0), vctrs, sf
Imports libgeos (>= 3.8.1-4), wk (>= 0.4.1)

URL https://paleolimbot.github.io/geos/,
https://github.com/paleolimbot/geos/

BugReports https://github.com/paleolimbot/geos/issues
LinkingTo libgeos, wk
Config/testthat/edition 3
NeedsCompilation yes
Author Dewey Dunnington [aut, cre] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-4582>),
Edzer Pebesma [aut] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8049-7069>)
Maintainer Dewey Dunnington <dewey@fishandwhistle.net>
Repository CRAN
Date/Publication 2023-11-30 05:50:03 UTC

R topics documented:
as_geos_geometry.wk_xy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
geos_area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1
2 as_geos_geometry.wk_xy

geos_basic_strtree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
geos_buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
geos_centroid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
geos_create_rectangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
geos_delaunay_triangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
geos_disjoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
geos_disjoint_matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
geos_distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
geos_empty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
geos_geometry_n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
geos_inner_join . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
geos_intersection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
geos_is_valid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
geos_largest_empty_circle_spec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
geos_make_point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
geos_nearest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
geos_polygonize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
geos_project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
geos_read_wkt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
geos_relate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
geos_segment_intersection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
geos_strtree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
geos_unnest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
geos_version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
plot.geos_geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
vctrs-methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
wk-methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Index 34

as_geos_geometry.wk_xy
Create GEOS Geometry Vectors

Description
Create GEOS Geometry Vectors

Usage
## S3 method for class 'wk_xy'
as_geos_geometry(x, ...)

## S3 method for class 'wk_xyz'

as_geos_geometry(x, ...)

as_geos_geometry(x, ...)
geos_area 3

## S3 method for class 'geos_geometry'

as_geos_geometry(x, ...)

## Default S3 method:
as_geos_geometry(x, ...)

## S3 method for class 'character'

as_geos_geometry(x, ..., crs = NULL)

## S3 method for class 'blob'

as_geos_geometry(x, ..., crs = NULL)

## S3 method for class 'WKB'

as_geos_geometry(x, ..., crs = NULL)

geos_geometry(crs = wk::wk_crs_inherit())

Arguments
x An object to be coerced to a geometry vector
... Unused
crs An object that can be interpreted as a CRS. See wk::wk_crs().

Value
A geos geometry vector

Examples
as_geos_geometry("LINESTRING (0 1, 3 9)")

geos_area Extract information from a GEOS geometry

Description
Note that geos_x(), geos_y(), and geos_z() do not handle empty points (use geos_write_xy()
if you need to handle this case). Similarly, the min/max functions will error on empty geometries.

Usage
geos_area(geom)

geos_length(geom)

geos_x(geom)
4 geos_area

geos_y(geom)

geos_z(geom)

geos_xmin(geom)

geos_ymin(geom)

geos_xmax(geom)

geos_ymax(geom)

geos_minimum_clearance(geom)

geos_is_empty(geom)

geos_is_simple(geom)

geos_is_ring(geom)

geos_has_z(geom)

geos_is_closed(geom)

geos_type_id(geom)

geos_type(geom)

geos_precision(geom)

geos_srid(geom)

geos_num_coordinates(geom)

geos_num_geometries(geom)

geos_num_interior_rings(geom)

geos_num_rings(geom)

geos_dimension(geom)

geos_coordinate_dimension(geom)

geos_is_clockwise(geom)

geos_hilbert_code(geom, extent = wk::wk_bbox(geom), level = 15)

geos_area 5

Arguments

geom A GEOS geometry vector

extent A geometry describing the extent of geom within which Hilbert codes should be
computed. Defaults to wk::wk_bbox() of geom.
level The Hilbert level of precision (between 0 and 15).

Value

A vector of length geom

Examples
geos_area("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))")
geos_length("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))")
geos_x("POINT Z (1 2 3)")
geos_y("POINT Z (1 2 3)")
geos_z("POINT Z (1 2 3)")
geos_xmin("LINESTRING (0 1, 2 3)")
geos_ymin("LINESTRING (0 1, 2 3)")
geos_xmax("LINESTRING (0 1, 2 3)")
geos_ymax("LINESTRING (0 1, 2 3)")
geos_minimum_clearance("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 3 5, 0 10, 0 0))")

geos_is_empty(c("POINT EMPTY", "POINT (0 1)"))

geos_is_simple(c("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)", "LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1, 1 0, 0 1)"))
geos_is_ring(
c(
"LINESTRING (0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1, 0 0)",
"LINESTRING (0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1)"
)
)
geos_is_closed(
c(
"LINESTRING (0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1, 0 0)",
"LINESTRING (0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1)"
)
)
geos_has_z(c("POINT Z (1 2 3)", "POINT (1 2)"))

geos_type_id(c("POINT (0 0)", "LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)"))

geos_srid(wk::as_wkb(c("SRID=1234;POINT (0 0)", "POINT (0 0)")))
geos_num_coordinates(c("POINT (0 0)", "MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 1)"))
geos_num_geometries(c("POINT (0 0)", "MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 1)"))
geos_num_interior_rings("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1, 0 0))")
geos_dimension(c("POINT (0 0)", "LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)"))
geos_coordinate_dimension(c("POINT (0 0)", "POINT Z (0 0 1)"))
6 geos_basic_strtree

geos_basic_strtree Create a basic GEOS STRTree

Description
An experimental alternative to the geos_strtree() that provides a more flexible interface and po-
tentially faster spatial joins. Notably, geos_basic_strtree_insert() uses wk::wk_envelope()
instead of as_geos_geometry() and does not keep the underlying geometry in memory. For object
types like wk::xy() with an optimized wk::wk_envelope() method, this is very efficient.

Usage
geos_basic_strtree(items = NULL, node_capacity = 10L)

geos_basic_strtree_size(tree)

geos_basic_strtree_finalized(tree)

geos_basic_strtree_insert(tree, items)

geos_basic_strtree_query(tree, query, limit = NA, fill = FALSE)

geos_basic_strtree_query_filtered(
tree,
query,
tree_geom,
fun,
...,
.chunk_size = 65536
)

Arguments
items Items to add to the tree index
node_capacity The maximum number of child nodes that a node may have. The minimum
recommended capacity value is 4. If unsure, use a default node capacity of 10.
tree A geos_basic_strtree()
query Items with which to query the tree
limit The maximum number of matches in the tree to return
fill If TRUE, always returns limit matches per item in query padded with NA if
fewer than limit matches are found.
tree_geom A vctr coercible to geos_geometry() whose indices align with tree.
fun A vectorized binary predicate (e.g. geos_intersects()) that will be called
with the tree geometry, the query geometry and any ... args passed.
... Passed to fun.
.chunk_size The approximate number of comparisons to pass to fun.
geos_buffer 7

Value
A geos_basic_strtree object

Examples
tree <- geos_basic_strtree(wk::xy(1:5, 1:5))
geos_basic_strtree_size(tree)
(geos_basic_strtree_insert(tree, wk::xy(6:10, 6:10)))
geos_basic_strtree_query(tree, as_geos_geometry("LINESTRING (3 0, 0 3)"))

geos_buffer Buffer a geometry

Description
• geos_buffer() returns a polygon or multipolygon geometry.
• geos_offset_curve() returns a linestring offset to the left by distance.

Usage
geos_buffer(geom, distance, params = geos_buffer_params())

geos_offset_curve(geom, distance, params = geos_buffer_params())

geos_buffer_params(
quad_segs = 30,
end_cap_style = c("round", "flat", "square"),
join_style = c("round", "mitre", "bevel"),
mitre_limit = 1,
single_sided = FALSE
)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
distance The buffer distance. Can be negative to buffer or offset on the righthand side of
the geometry.
params A geos_buffer_params()
quad_segs The number of segments per quadrant. A higher number here will increase the
apparent resolution of the resulting polygon.
end_cap_style One of "round", "flat", or "square".
join_style One of "round", "mitre", or "bevel".
mitre_limit If join_style is "mitre", the relative extent (from zero to one) of the join.
single_sided Use TRUE to buffer on only the right side of the geometry. This does not apply
to geos_offset_curve(), which is always one-sided.
8 geos_centroid

Value
A GEOS geometry vector along the recycled length of geom and distance.

Examples
geos_buffer("POINT (0 0)", 1)
geos_offset_curve("LINESTRING (0 0, 0 10, 10 0)", 1)

geos_centroid Geometry transformers

Description
Geometry transformers

Usage
geos_centroid(geom)

geos_boundary(geom)

geos_minimum_width(geom)

geos_minimum_clearance_line(geom)

geos_minimum_rotated_rectangle(geom)

geos_unary_union(geom)

geos_unary_union_prec(geom, grid_size)

geos_coverage_union(geom)

geos_point_on_surface(geom)

geos_node(geom)

geos_make_valid(geom, make_valid_params = geos_make_valid_params())

geos_make_valid_params(
keep_collapsed = TRUE,
method = c("make_valid_linework", "make_valid_structure")
)

geos_unique_points(geom)
geos_centroid 9

geos_reverse(geom)

geos_merge_lines(geom)

geos_build_area(geom)

geos_envelope(geom)

geos_envelope_rct(geom)

geos_extent(geom)

geos_convex_hull(geom)

geos_concave_hull(geom, ratio, allow_holes = FALSE)

geos_concave_hull_of_polygons(
geom,
ratio,
is_tight = TRUE,
allow_holes = FALSE
)

geos_polygon_hull_simplify(
geom,
ratio,
hull_type = c("outer", "inner"),
ratio_mode = c("vertex", "area")
)

geos_point_start(geom)

geos_point_end(geom)

geos_line_merge(geom)

geos_line_merge_directed(geom)

geos_transform_xy(geom, trans)

geos_clone(geom)

geos_set_srid(geom, srid)

geos_point_n(geom, index)

geos_simplify(geom, tolerance)
10 geos_centroid

geos_remove_repeated_points(geom, tolerance)

geos_simplify_preserve_topology(geom, tolerance)

geos_set_precision(
geom,
grid_size,
preserve_topology = TRUE,
keep_collapsed = FALSE
)

geos_normalize(geom)

geos_densify(geom, tolerance)

geos_clip_by_rect(geom, rect)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
grid_size For _prec() variants, the grid size such that all vertices of the resulting geome-
try will lie on the grid.
make_valid_params
A geos_make_valid_params() object.
keep_collapsed Should items that become EMPTY due to rounding be kept in the output?
method The method to use for geos_make_valid(). One of:
• "make_valid_linework" combines all rings into a set of noded lines and then
extracts valid polygons from that linework.
• "make_valid_structure" Structured method, first makes all rings valid then
merges shells and subtracts holes from shells to generate valid result. As-
sumes that holes and shells are correctly categorized.
ratio The normalized ratio between the shape of the concave hull and the area of the
return value. Use 1 for the convex hull; use 0 for maximum concave-ness.
allow_holes Use TRUE to allow the concave hull to contain holes
is_tight Use FALSE to allow concave hull to expand beyond the convex hull.
hull_type One of "outer" or "inner".
ratio_mode One of "vertex" or "area", describing the normalized proportion type for which
ratio represents.
trans A wk transform object.
srid An integer spatial reference identifier.
index The index of the point or geometry to extract.
tolerance A minimum distance to use for simplification or densification. Use a higher
value for more simplification (or less densification).
preserve_topology
Should topology internal to each feature be preserved?
geos_create_rectangle 11

rect A list() representing rectangles in the form list(xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax).
List items with length 1 will be recycled to the length of the longest item.

Value

A GEOS geometry vector of length geom

Examples

geos_centroid(c("POINT (0 1)", "LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)"))

geos_boundary(c("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0))", "LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)"))
geos_minimum_width("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0))")
geos_minimum_clearance_line("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 3 5, 0 10, 0 0))")
geos_minimum_rotated_rectangle("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 0.5 0.5, 0 0))")
geos_minimum_bounding_circle("LINESTRING (-1 -1, 1 1)")
geos_unary_union("MULTIPOINT (0 1, 0 1)")
geos_point_on_surface("LINESTRING (0 1, 0.2 3, 10 10)")
geos_node("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0))")
geos_make_valid("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 1, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0))")
geos_unique_points("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0))")
geos_reverse("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)")
geos_merge_lines(
"MULTILINESTRING ((0 0, 0.5 0.5, 2 2), (0.5 0.5, 2 2))"
)
geos_build_area("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0)")
geos_envelope("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 2)")
geos_convex_hull("MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 0, 0 2, 0 0)")
geos_point_start("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)")
geos_point_end("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)")

geos_simplify("LINESTRING (0 0, 0 1, 0 2)", 0.1)

geos_simplify_preserve_topology("LINESTRING (0 0, 0 1, 0 2)", 0.1)

geos_create_rectangle Create rectangles from bounds

Description

Create rectangles from bounds

Usage

geos_create_rectangle(xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, crs = NULL)

12 geos_delaunay_triangles

Arguments

xmin Left bound of envelope

ymin Lower bound of envelope
xmax Right bound of envelope
ymax Upper bound of envelope
crs An object that can be interpreted as a CRS. See wk::wk_crs().

Value

A geos_geometry() consisting of a polygon

geos_delaunay_triangles
Delaunay triagulations and Voronoi diagrams

Description

These functions return one triangulation/diagram per feature as a multi geometry. These functions
are not vectorized along their parameters.

Usage

geos_delaunay_triangles(geom, tolerance = 0)

geos_constrained_delaunay_triangles(geom)

geos_delaunay_edges(geom, tolerance = 0)

geos_voronoi_polygons(geom, env = NULL, tolerance = 0)

geos_voronoi_edges(geom, env = NULL, tolerance = 0)

Arguments

geom A GEOS geometry vector whose nodes will be used as input.

tolerance A snapping tolerance or 0 to disable snapping
env A boundary for the diagram, or NULL to construct one based on the input

Value

A GEOS geometry vector of length geom

geos_disjoint 13

Examples
geos_delaunay_triangles("MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 0, 0 1)")
geos_delaunay_edges("MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 0, 0 1)")

geos_voronoi_polygons("MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 0, 0 1)")
geos_voronoi_edges("MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 0, 0 1)")

geos_disjoint Binary predicates

Description
Binary predicates

Usage
geos_disjoint(geom1, geom2)

geos_touches(geom1, geom2)

geos_intersects(geom1, geom2)

geos_crosses(geom1, geom2)

geos_within(geom1, geom2)

geos_contains(geom1, geom2)

geos_overlaps(geom1, geom2)

geos_equals(geom1, geom2)

geos_equals_exact(geom1, geom2, tolerance = .Machine$double.eps^2)

geos_covers(geom1, geom2)

geos_covered_by(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_disjoint(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_touches(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_intersects(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_crosses(geom1, geom2)
14 geos_disjoint_matrix

geos_prepared_within(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_contains(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_contains_properly(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_overlaps(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_covers(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_covered_by(geom1, geom2)

Arguments
geom1, geom2 GEOS geometry vectors, recycled to a common length.
tolerance The maximum separation of vertices that should be considered equal.

Value
A logical vector along the recycled length of geom1 and geom2

geos_disjoint_matrix Matrix predicates

Description
Matrix predicates

Usage
geos_disjoint_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_touches_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_intersects_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_crosses_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_within_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_contains_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_contains_properly_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_overlaps_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_equals_matrix(geom, tree)
geos_distance 15

geos_equals_exact_matrix(geom, tree, tolerance = .Machine$double.eps^2)

geos_covers_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_covered_by_matrix(geom, tree)

geos_disjoint_any(geom, tree)

geos_touches_any(geom, tree)

geos_intersects_any(geom, tree)

geos_crosses_any(geom, tree)

geos_within_any(geom, tree)

geos_contains_any(geom, tree)

geos_contains_properly_any(geom, tree)

geos_overlaps_any(geom, tree)

geos_equals_any(geom, tree)

geos_equals_exact_any(geom, tree, tolerance = .Machine$double.eps^2)

geos_covers_any(geom, tree)

geos_covered_by_any(geom, tree)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
tree A geos_strtree()
tolerance The maximum separation of vertices that should be considered equal.

Value
A list() of integer vectors containing the indices of tree for which the predicate would return
TRUE.

geos_distance Distance calculations

16 geos_empty

Description
Distance calculations

Usage
geos_distance(geom1, geom2)

geos_prepared_distance(geom1, geom2)

geos_distance_indexed(geom1, geom2)

geos_distance_hausdorff(geom1, geom2, densify = NULL)

geos_distance_frechet(geom1, geom2, densify = NULL)

geos_is_within_distance(geom1, geom2, distance)

geos_prepared_is_within_distance(geom1, geom2, distance)

Arguments
geom1, geom2 GEOS geometry vectors, recycled to a common length.
densify A fraction between 0 and 1 denoting the degree to which edges should be sub-
divided (smaller value means more subdivisions). Use NULL to calculate the
distance as-is.
distance A threshold distance, below which geos_is_within_distance() and geos_prepared_is_within_dist
will return TRUE.

Value
A numeric vector along the recycled length of geom1 and geom2

geos_empty Create empty geometries

Description
Create empty geometries

Usage
geos_empty(type_id = "geometrycollection", crs = wk::wk_crs_inherit())

as_geos_type_id(type_id)

## Default S3 method:
geos_geometry_n 17

as_geos_type_id(type_id)

## S3 method for class 'character'

as_geos_type_id(type_id)

## S3 method for class 'numeric'

as_geos_type_id(type_id)

Arguments
type_id The numeric type identifier for which an empty should be returned, an object
from which one can be extracted using as_geos_type_id() (default to calling
geos_type_id()). This is most usefully a character vector with the geometry
type (e.g., point, linestring, polygon).
crs An object that can be interpreted as a CRS. See wk::wk_crs().

Value
A GEOS geometry vector.

Examples
geos_empty(c("point", "linestring", "polygon"))
geos_empty(1:7)
geos_empty(geos_read_wkt(c("POINT (0 1)", "LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)")))

geos_geometry_n Access child geometries

Description
Access child geometries

Usage
geos_geometry_n(geom, n)

geos_ring_n(geom, n)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
n The (one-based) index of the child geometry

Value
A GEOS geometry vector along the recycled length of geom and i.
18 geos_inner_join

Examples
multipoint <- "MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 1, 2 2)"
geos_geometry_n(multipoint, seq_len(geos_num_geometries(multipoint)))

poly <- "POLYGON ((0 0, 0 1, 1 0, 0 0), (0.1 0.1, 0.1 0.2, 0.2 0.1, 0.1 0.1))"
geos_ring_n(poly, seq_len(geos_num_rings(poly)))

geos_inner_join Generate inner join keys based on a GEOS predicate

Description
Experimental low-level spatial join infrastructure based on the geos_basic_strtree().

Usage
geos_inner_join(
x,
y,
predicate = "intersects",
distance = NA,
suffix = c(".x", ".y")
)

geos_inner_join_keys(x, y, predicate = "intersects", distance = NA)

Arguments
x, y Geometry vectors with a wk::wk_handle() method.
predicate One of:
• intersects
• contains
• contains_properly
• covered_by
• covers
• crosses
• equals
• equals_exact
• intersects
• within_distance
• overlaps
• touches
distance Passed to geos_is_within_distance() when predicate is "within_distance";
passed to geos_equals_exact() when predicate is "equals_exact.
suffix A character vector of length 2 with suffixes for the left and right sides for output
columns with duplicated names.
geos_intersection 19

Value
A data.frame with columns x and y corresponding to the 1-based indices on pairs of x and y for
which predicate is TRUE.

Examples
x <- data.frame(
col_x = "a",
geometry = as_geos_geometry("POINT (10 10)")
)

y <- data.frame(
col_y = "a",
geometry = as_geos_geometry("POLYGON ((0 0, 0 10, 10 10, 10 0, 0 0))")
)

geos_inner_join(x, y, "intersects")

geos_inner_join_keys(
"POINT (5 5)",
"POLYGON ((0 0, 0 10, 10 10, 10 0, 0 0))",
"intersects"
)

geos_intersection Binary geometry operators

Description
• geos_intersection() returns the set of points common to both x and y.
• geos_difference() returns the set of points from x that are not contained by y.
• geos_sym_difference() returns the set of points that are not common to x and y.
• geos_union() returns the set of points contained by either x or y.
• geos_shared_paths() returns a GEOMETRYCOLLECTION containing two MULTILINESTRINGS:
the first containing paths in the same direction, the second containing common paths in the
opposite direction.
• geos_snap() snaps the vertices of x within tolerance of y to y.

Usage
geos_intersection(geom1, geom2)

geos_difference(geom1, geom2)

geos_sym_difference(geom1, geom2)
20 geos_intersection

geos_union(geom1, geom2)

geos_intersection_prec(geom1, geom2, grid_size)

geos_difference_prec(geom1, geom2, grid_size)

geos_sym_difference_prec(geom1, geom2, grid_size)

geos_union_prec(geom1, geom2, grid_size)

geos_shared_paths(geom1, geom2)

geos_snap(geom1, geom2, tolerance = .Machine$double.eps^2)

geos_clearance_line_between(geom1, geom2, prepare = FALSE)

Arguments

geom1, geom2 GEOS geometry vectors, recycled to a common length.

grid_size For _prec() variants, the grid size such that all vertices of the resulting geome-
try will lie on the grid.
tolerance The maximum separation of vertices that should be considered equal.
prepare Use prepared geometries to calculate clearance line

Value

A GEOS geometry vector along the recycled length of geom1 and geom2.

Examples

poly1 <- "POLYGON ((0 0, 0 10, 10 10, 10 0, 0 0))"

poly2 <- "POLYGON ((5 5, 5 15, 15 15, 15 5, 5 5))"

geos_intersection(poly1, poly2)
geos_difference(poly1, poly2)
geos_sym_difference(poly1, poly2)
geos_union(poly1, poly2)

line <- "LINESTRING (11 0, 11 10)"

geos_snap(poly1, line, tolerance = 2)

geos_shared_paths("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1, 2 2)", "LINESTRING (3 3, 2 2, 1 1)")

geos_is_valid 21

geos_is_valid Geometry validity

Description
• geos_is_valid() returns a logical vector denoting if each feature is a valid geometry.
• geos_is_valid_detail() returns a data frame with columns is_valid (logical), reason
(character), and location (geos_geometry).

Usage
geos_is_valid(geom)

geos_is_valid_detail(geom, allow_self_touching_ring_forming_hole = FALSE)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
allow_self_touching_ring_forming_hole
It’s all in the name

Examples
geos_is_valid(
c(
"POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1, 0 0))",
"POLYGON ((0 0, 1 1, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0))"
)
)

geos_is_valid_detail(
c(
"POLYGON ((0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1, 0 0))",
"POLYGON ((0 0, 1 1, 1 0, 0 1, 0 0))"
)
)

geos_largest_empty_circle_spec
Circular approximations

Description
Circular approximations
22 geos_make_point

Usage
geos_largest_empty_circle_spec(geom, boundary, tolerance)

geos_largest_empty_crc(geom, boundary, tolerance)

geos_minimum_bounding_circle(geom)

geos_minimum_bounding_crc(geom)

geos_maximum_inscribed_circle_spec(geom, tolerance)

geos_maximum_inscribed_crc(geom, tolerance)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
boundary An outer boundary for the largest empty circle algorithm.
tolerance Threshold for considering circles to be touching a boundary.

geos_make_point Create geometries from vectors of coordinates

Description
These functions transform raw coordinates into point, line, polygon, features, or nest a vector of ge-
ometries into a MULTI* type or GEOMETRYCOLLECTION. See wk::wk_coords(), geos_unnest(),
or wk::wk_flatten() to perform inverse operations; see wk::xy(), wk::wk_linestring(), wk::wk_polygon(),
or wk::wk_collection() for generic versions that work with non-GEOS types.

Usage
geos_make_point(x, y, z = NA_real_, crs = NULL)

geos_make_linestring(x, y, z = NA_real_, feature_id = 1L, crs = NULL)

geos_make_polygon(
x,
y,
z = NA_real_,
feature_id = 1L,
ring_id = 1L,
crs = NULL
)

geos_make_collection(geom, type_id = "geometrycollection", feature_id = 1L)

geos_nearest 23

Arguments
x, y, z Vectors of coordinate values
crs An object that can be interpreted as a CRS. See wk::wk_crs().
feature_id, ring_id
Vectors for which a change in sequential values indicates a new feature or ring.
Use factor() to convert from a character vector.
geom A GEOS geometry vector
type_id The numeric type identifier for which an empty should be returned, an object
from which one can be extracted using as_geos_type_id() (default to calling
geos_type_id()). This is most usefully a character vector with the geometry
type (e.g., point, linestring, polygon).

Value
A GEOS geometry vector

Examples
geos_make_point(1:3, 1:3)
geos_make_linestring(1:3, 1:3)
geos_make_polygon(c(0, 1, 0), c(0, 0, 1))
geos_make_collection("POINT (1 1)")

geos_nearest Find the closest feature

Description
Finds the closest item index in tree to geom, vectorized along geom.

Usage
geos_nearest(geom, tree)

geos_nearest_indexed(geom, tree)

geos_nearest_hausdorff(geom, tree, densify = NULL)

geos_nearest_frechet(geom, tree, densify = NULL)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
tree A geos_strtree()
densify A fraction between 0 and 1 denoting the degree to which edges should be sub-
divided (smaller value means more subdivisions). Use NULL to calculate the
distance as-is.
24 geos_polygonize

Value

An integer vector of length geom containing the index of tree that is closest to each feature in geom.

geos_polygonize Create polygons from noded edges

Description

Create polygons from noded edges

Usage

geos_polygonize(collection)

geos_polygonize_valid(collection)

geos_polygonize_cut_edges(collection)

geos_polygonize_full(collection)

Arguments

collection A GEOMETRYCOLLECTION or MULTILINESTRING of edges that meet at

their endpoints.

Value

A GEOMETRYCOLLECTION of polygons

Examples

geos_polygonize("MULTILINESTRING ((0 0, 0 1), (0 1, 1 0), (1 0, 0 0))")

geos_polygonize_valid("MULTILINESTRING ((0 0, 0 1), (0 1, 1 0), (1 0, 0 0))")
geos_polygonize_cut_edges("MULTILINESTRING ((0 0, 0 1), (0 1, 1 0), (1 0, 0 0))")
geos_project 25

geos_project Linear referencing

Description

• geos_project() and geos_project_normalized() return the distance of point geom2 pro-

jected on geom1 from the origin of geom1, which must be a lineal geometry.
• geos_interpolate() performs an inverse operation, returning the point along geom repre-
senting the given distance from the origin along the geometry.
• _normalized() variants use a distance normalized to the geos_length() of the geometry.

Usage

geos_project(geom1, geom2)

geos_project_normalized(geom1, geom2)

geos_interpolate(geom, distance)

geos_interpolate_normalized(geom, distance_normalized)

Arguments

geom1, geom2 GEOS geometry vectors, recycled to a common length.

geom A GEOS geometry vector
distance Distance along the linestring to interpolate
distance_normalized
Distance along the linestring to interpolate relative to the length of the linestring.

Examples

geos_interpolate("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)", 1)
geos_interpolate_normalized("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)", 1)

geos_project("LINESTRING (0 0, 10 10)", "POINT (5 5)")

geos_project_normalized("LINESTRING (0 0, 10 10)", "POINT (5 5)")
26 geos_read_wkt

geos_read_wkt Read and write well-known text

Description
Read and write well-known text

Usage
geos_read_wkt(wkt, fix_structure = FALSE, crs = NULL)

geos_write_wkt(geom, include_z = TRUE, precision = 16, trim = TRUE)

geos_read_geojson(geojson, crs = NULL)

geos_write_geojson(geom, indent = -1)

geos_read_wkb(wkb, fix_structure = FALSE, crs = NULL)

geos_write_wkb(
geom,
include_z = TRUE,
include_srid = FALSE,
endian = 1,
flavor = c("extended", "iso")
)

geos_read_hex(hex, fix_structure = FALSE, crs = NULL)

geos_write_hex(
geom,
include_z = TRUE,
include_srid = FALSE,
endian = 1,
flavor = c("extended", "iso")
)

geos_read_xy(point)

geos_write_xy(geom)

Arguments
wkt a character() vector of well-known text
fix_structure Set the reader to automatically repair structural errors in the input (currently just
unclosed rings) while reading.
geos_relate 27

crs An object that can be interpreted as a CRS. See wk::wk_crs().

geom A GEOS geometry vector
include_z, include_srid
Include the values of the Z and M coordinates and/or SRID in the output? Use
FALSE to omit, TRUE to include, or NA to include only if present. Note that using
TRUE may result in an error if there is no value present in the original.
precision The number of significant digits to include iin WKT output.
trim Trim unnecessary zeroes in the output?
geojson A character() vector fo GeoJSON features
indent The number of spaces to use when indenting a formatted version of the output.
Use -1 to indicate no formatting.
wkb A list() of raw() vectors (or NULL representing an NA value).
endian 0 for big endian or 1 for little endian.
flavor One of "extended" (i.e., EWKB) or "iso".
hex A hexidecimal representation of well-known binary
point A list() representing points in the form list(x, y).

Examples
geos_read_wkt("POINT (30 10)")
geos_write_wkt(geos_read_wkt("POINT (30 10)"))

geos_relate Dimensionally extended 9 intersection model

Description
See the Wikipedia entry on DE-9IM for how to interpret pattern, match, and the result of geos_relate()
and/or geos_relate_pattern_create().

Usage
geos_relate(geom1, geom2, boundary_node_rule = "mod2")

geos_relate_pattern(geom1, geom2, pattern, boundary_node_rule = "mod2")

geos_relate_pattern_match(match, pattern)

geos_relate_pattern_create(
II = "*",
IB = "*",
IE = "*",
BI = "*",
28 geos_segment_intersection

BB = "*",
BE = "*",
EI = "*",
EB = "*",
EE = "*"
)

Arguments
geom1, geom2 GEOS geometry vectors, recycled to a common length.
boundary_node_rule
One of "mod2", "endpoint", "multivalent_endpoint", or "monovalent_endpoint".
pattern, match A character vector representing the match
II, IB, IE, BI, BB, BE, EI, EB, EE
One of "0", "1", "2", "T", "F", or "*" describing the dimension of the intersection
between the interior (I), boundary (B), and exterior (E).

Examples
geos_relate_pattern_match("FF*FF1***", c(NA, "FF*FF****", "FF*FF***F"))
geos_relate("POINT (0 0)", "POINT (0 0)")
geos_relate_pattern("POINT (0 0)", "POINT (0 0)", "T********")
geos_relate_pattern_create(II = "T")

geos_segment_intersection
Segment operations

Description
Segment operations

Usage
geos_segment_intersection(a, b)

geos_orientation_index(a, point)

Arguments
a, b A list() representing segments in the form list(x0, y0, x1, y1). List items
with length 1 will be recycled to the length of the longest item.
point A list() representing points in the form list(x, y).
geos_strtree 29

Value

geos_segment_intersection() returns a list(x, y); geos_orientation_index() returns -1,

0 or 1, depending if the point lies to the right of (-1), is colinear with (0) or lies to the left of (1)
the segment (as judged from the start of the segment looking towards the end).

Examples

geos_segment_intersection(
list(0, 0, 10, 10),
list(10, 0, 0, 10)
)

geos_orientation_index(
list(0, 0, 10, 10),
list(15, c(12, 15, 17))
)

geos_strtree Create a GEOS STRTree

Description

Create a GEOS STRTree

Usage

geos_strtree(geom, node_capacity = 10L)

geos_strtree_query(tree, geom)

geos_strtree_data(tree)

as_geos_strtree(x, ...)

## Default S3 method:
as_geos_strtree(x, ...)

## S3 method for class 'geos_strtree'

as_geos_strtree(x, ...)

## S3 method for class 'geos_geometry'

as_geos_strtree(x, ...)
30 geos_unnest

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
node_capacity The maximum number of child nodes that a node may have. The minimum
recommended capacity value is 4. If unsure, use a default node capacity of 10.
tree A geos_strtree()
x An object to convert to a geos_strtree()
... Unused

Value
A geos_str_tree object

geos_unnest Unnest nested geometries

Description
Ths function flattens nested geometries (i.e., multi or geometrycollection types) into a vector with
the same or fewer levels of nesting. See geos_geometry_n() to access individual geometries within
a collection; see wk::wk_flatten() for a version of this function that works with non-GEOS
geometries; see geos_make_collection() and wk::wk_collection() for functions that perform
the inverse operation.

Usage
geos_unnest(geom, keep_empty = FALSE, keep_multi = TRUE, max_depth = 1)

Arguments
geom A GEOS geometry vector
keep_empty If TRUE, EMPTY geomtries are left as-is rather than collapsing to length 0.
keep_multi If TRUE, MULTI* geometries are not expanded to sub-features (i.e., only GE-
OMETRYCOLLECTIONs are).
max_depth The maximum recursive GEOMETRYCOLLECTION depth to unnest.

Value
A GEOS geometry vector, with a length greater than or equal to geom with an attribute "lengths"
that can be used to map elements of the result to the original item.

Examples
geos_unnest("GEOMETRYCOLLECTION (POINT (1 2), POINT (3 4))")
geos_version 31

geos_version GEOS version information

Description
GEOS version information

Usage
geos_version(runtime = TRUE)

Arguments
runtime Use FALSE to return the build-time GEOS version, which may be different than
the runtime version if a different version of the libgeos package was used to
build this package.

Examples
geos_version()
geos_version(runtime = FALSE)

# check for a minimum version of GEOS

geos_version() >= "3.8.1"

plot.geos_geometry Plot GEOS geometries

Description
Plot GEOS geometries

Usage
## S3 method for class 'geos_geometry'
plot(
x,
...,
asp = 1,
bbox = NULL,
xlab = "",
ylab = "",
rule = "evenodd",
add = FALSE,
simplify = 1,
crop = TRUE
)
32 vctrs-methods

Arguments
x A GEOS geometry vector
... Passed to plotting functions for features: graphics::points() for point and
multipoint geometries, graphics::lines() for linestring and multilinestring
geometries, and graphics::polypath() for polygon and multipolygon geome-
tries.
asp, xlab, ylab Passed to graphics::plot()
bbox The limits of the plot as a rct() or compatible object
rule The rule to use for filling polygons (see graphics::polypath())
add Should a new plot be created, or should handleable be added to the existing
plot?
simplify A relative tolerance to use for simplification of geometries. Use 0 to disable
simplification; use a higher number to make simplification coarser.
crop Use TRUE to crop the input to the extent of the plot.

Value
The input, invisibly

Examples
plot(as_geos_geometry("LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1)"))
plot(as_geos_geometry("POINT (0.5 0.4)"), add = TRUE)

vctrs-methods Vctrs methods

Description
Vctrs methods

Usage
vec_cast.geos_geometry(x, to, ...)

vec_ptype2.geos_geometry(x, y, ...)

Arguments
x, y, to, ... See vctrs::vec_cast() and vctrs::vec_ptype2().
wk-methods 33

wk-methods Compatibility with the wk package

Description
Compatibility with the wk package

Usage
## S3 method for class 'geos_geometry'
wk_handle(handleable, handler, ...)

geos_geometry_writer()

## S3 method for class 'geos_geometry'

wk_writer(handleable, ...)

Arguments
handleable A geometry vector (e.g., wkb(), wkt(), xy(), rct(), or sf::st_sfc()) for
which wk_handle() is defined.
handler A wk_handler object.
... Passed to the wk_handle() method.

Value
The result of the handler

Examples
library(wk)
wk_handle(as_geos_geometry("POINT (1 2)"), wk::wkt_writer())
Index

as_geos_geometry geos_concave_hull_of_polygons
(as_geos_geometry.wk_xy), 2 (geos_centroid), 8
as_geos_geometry(), 6 geos_constrained_delaunay_triangles
as_geos_geometry.wk_xy, 2 (geos_delaunay_triangles), 12
as_geos_strtree (geos_strtree), 29 geos_contains (geos_disjoint), 13
as_geos_type_id (geos_empty), 16 geos_contains_any
as_geos_type_id(), 17, 23 (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_contains_matrix
factor(), 23 (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_contains_properly_any
GEOS geometry vector, 5, 7, 8, 10–12, 15, (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
17, 20–23, 25, 27, 30, 32 geos_contains_properly_matrix
GEOS geometry vectors, 14, 16, 20, 25, 28 (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_area, 3 geos_convex_hull (geos_centroid), 8
geos_basic_strtree, 6 geos_coordinate_dimension (geos_area), 3
geos_basic_strtree(), 6, 18 geos_coverage_union (geos_centroid), 8
geos_basic_strtree_finalized geos_covered_by (geos_disjoint), 13
(geos_basic_strtree), 6 geos_covered_by_any
geos_basic_strtree_insert (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
(geos_basic_strtree), 6 geos_covered_by_matrix
geos_basic_strtree_insert(), 6 (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_basic_strtree_query geos_covers (geos_disjoint), 13
(geos_basic_strtree), 6 geos_covers_any (geos_disjoint_matrix),
geos_basic_strtree_query_filtered 14
(geos_basic_strtree), 6 geos_covers_matrix
geos_basic_strtree_size (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
(geos_basic_strtree), 6 geos_create_rectangle, 11
geos_boundary (geos_centroid), 8 geos_crosses (geos_disjoint), 13
geos_buffer, 7 geos_crosses_any
geos_buffer(), 7 (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_buffer_params (geos_buffer), 7 geos_crosses_matrix
geos_buffer_params(), 7 (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_build_area (geos_centroid), 8 geos_delaunay_edges
geos_centroid, 8 (geos_delaunay_triangles), 12
geos_clearance_line_between geos_delaunay_triangles, 12
(geos_intersection), 19 geos_densify (geos_centroid), 8
geos_clip_by_rect (geos_centroid), 8 geos_difference (geos_intersection), 19
geos_clone (geos_centroid), 8 geos_difference(), 19
geos_concave_hull (geos_centroid), 8 geos_difference_prec

34
INDEX 35

(geos_intersection), 19 geos_intersects (geos_disjoint), 13

geos_dimension (geos_area), 3 geos_intersects(), 6
geos_disjoint, 13 geos_intersects_any
geos_disjoint_any (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14 geos_intersects_matrix
geos_disjoint_matrix, 14 (geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_distance, 15 geos_is_clockwise (geos_area), 3
geos_distance_frechet (geos_distance), geos_is_closed (geos_area), 3
15 geos_is_empty (geos_area), 3
geos_distance_hausdorff geos_is_ring (geos_area), 3
(geos_distance), 15 geos_is_simple (geos_area), 3
geos_distance_indexed (geos_distance), geos_is_valid, 21
15 geos_is_valid(), 21
geos_empty, 16 geos_is_valid_detail (geos_is_valid), 21
geos_envelope (geos_centroid), 8 geos_is_valid_detail(), 21
geos_envelope_rct (geos_centroid), 8 geos_is_within_distance
geos_equals (geos_disjoint), 13 (geos_distance), 15
geos_equals_any (geos_disjoint_matrix), geos_is_within_distance(), 16, 18
14 geos_largest_empty_circle_spec, 21
geos_equals_exact (geos_disjoint), 13 geos_largest_empty_crc
geos_equals_exact(), 18 (geos_largest_empty_circle_spec),
geos_equals_exact_any 21
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14 geos_length (geos_area), 3
geos_equals_exact_matrix geos_length(), 25
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14 geos_line_merge (geos_centroid), 8
geos_equals_matrix geos_line_merge_directed
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14 (geos_centroid), 8
geos_extent (geos_centroid), 8 geos_make_collection (geos_make_point),
geos_geometry, 21 22
geos_geometry (as_geos_geometry.wk_xy), geos_make_collection(), 30
2 geos_make_linestring (geos_make_point),
geos_geometry(), 6, 12 22
geos_geometry_n, 17 geos_make_point, 22
geos_geometry_n(), 30 geos_make_polygon (geos_make_point), 22
geos_geometry_writer (wk-methods), 33 geos_make_valid (geos_centroid), 8
geos_has_z (geos_area), 3 geos_make_valid(), 10
geos_hilbert_code (geos_area), 3 geos_make_valid_params (geos_centroid),
geos_inner_join, 18 8
geos_inner_join_keys (geos_inner_join), geos_make_valid_params(), 10
18 geos_maximum_inscribed_circle_spec
geos_interpolate (geos_project), 25 (geos_largest_empty_circle_spec),
geos_interpolate(), 25 21
geos_interpolate_normalized geos_maximum_inscribed_crc
(geos_project), 25 (geos_largest_empty_circle_spec),
geos_intersection, 19 21
geos_intersection(), 19 geos_merge_lines (geos_centroid), 8
geos_intersection_prec geos_minimum_bounding_circle
(geos_intersection), 19 (geos_largest_empty_circle_spec),
36 INDEX

21 (geos_disjoint), 13
geos_minimum_bounding_crc geos_prepared_covered_by
(geos_largest_empty_circle_spec), (geos_disjoint), 13
21 geos_prepared_covers (geos_disjoint), 13
geos_minimum_clearance (geos_area), 3 geos_prepared_crosses (geos_disjoint),
geos_minimum_clearance_line 13
(geos_centroid), 8 geos_prepared_disjoint (geos_disjoint),
geos_minimum_rotated_rectangle 13
(geos_centroid), 8 geos_prepared_distance (geos_distance),
geos_minimum_width (geos_centroid), 8 15
geos_nearest, 23 geos_prepared_intersects
geos_nearest_frechet (geos_nearest), 23 (geos_disjoint), 13
geos_nearest_hausdorff (geos_nearest), geos_prepared_is_within_distance
23 (geos_distance), 15
geos_nearest_indexed (geos_nearest), 23 geos_prepared_is_within_distance(), 16
geos_node (geos_centroid), 8 geos_prepared_overlaps (geos_disjoint),
geos_normalize (geos_centroid), 8 13
geos_num_coordinates (geos_area), 3 geos_prepared_touches (geos_disjoint),
geos_num_geometries (geos_area), 3 13
geos_num_interior_rings (geos_area), 3 geos_prepared_within (geos_disjoint), 13
geos_num_rings (geos_area), 3 geos_project, 25
geos_offset_curve (geos_buffer), 7 geos_project(), 25
geos_offset_curve(), 7 geos_project_normalized (geos_project),
geos_orientation_index 25
(geos_segment_intersection), 28 geos_project_normalized(), 25
geos_orientation_index(), 29 geos_read_geojson (geos_read_wkt), 26
geos_overlaps (geos_disjoint), 13 geos_read_hex (geos_read_wkt), 26
geos_overlaps_any geos_read_wkb (geos_read_wkt), 26
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14 geos_read_wkt, 26
geos_overlaps_matrix geos_read_xy (geos_read_wkt), 26
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14 geos_relate, 27
geos_point_end (geos_centroid), 8 geos_relate(), 27
geos_point_n (geos_centroid), 8 geos_relate_pattern (geos_relate), 27
geos_point_on_surface (geos_centroid), 8 geos_relate_pattern_create
geos_point_start (geos_centroid), 8 (geos_relate), 27
geos_polygon_hull_simplify geos_relate_pattern_create(), 27
(geos_centroid), 8 geos_relate_pattern_match
geos_polygonize, 24 (geos_relate), 27
geos_polygonize_cut_edges geos_remove_repeated_points
(geos_polygonize), 24 (geos_centroid), 8
geos_polygonize_full (geos_polygonize), geos_reverse (geos_centroid), 8
24 geos_ring_n (geos_geometry_n), 17
geos_polygonize_valid geos_segment_intersection, 28
(geos_polygonize), 24 geos_segment_intersection(), 29
geos_precision (geos_area), 3 geos_set_precision (geos_centroid), 8
geos_prepared_contains (geos_disjoint), geos_set_srid (geos_centroid), 8
13 geos_shared_paths (geos_intersection),
geos_prepared_contains_properly 19
INDEX 37

geos_shared_paths(), 19 geos_write_xy(), 3
geos_simplify (geos_centroid), 8 geos_x (geos_area), 3
geos_simplify_preserve_topology geos_x(), 3
(geos_centroid), 8 geos_xmax (geos_area), 3
geos_snap (geos_intersection), 19 geos_xmin (geos_area), 3
geos_snap(), 19 geos_y (geos_area), 3
geos_srid (geos_area), 3 geos_y(), 3
geos_strtree, 29 geos_ymax (geos_area), 3
geos_strtree(), 6, 15, 23, 30 geos_ymin (geos_area), 3
geos_strtree_data (geos_strtree), 29 geos_z (geos_area), 3
geos_strtree_query (geos_strtree), 29 geos_z(), 3
geos_sym_difference graphics::lines(), 32
(geos_intersection), 19 graphics::plot(), 32
geos_sym_difference(), 19 graphics::points(), 32
geos_sym_difference_prec graphics::polypath(), 32
(geos_intersection), 19
libgeos package, 31
geos_touches (geos_disjoint), 13
geos_touches_any plot.geos_geometry, 31
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_touches_matrix rct(), 32, 33
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14
geos_transform_xy (geos_centroid), 8 sf::st_sfc(), 33
geos_type (geos_area), 3
geos_type_id (geos_area), 3 vctrs-methods, 32
geos_type_id(), 17, 23 vctrs::vec_cast(), 32
geos_unary_union (geos_centroid), 8 vctrs::vec_ptype2(), 32
vec_cast.geos_geometry (vctrs-methods),
geos_unary_union_prec (geos_centroid), 8
32
geos_union (geos_intersection), 19
vec_ptype2.geos_geometry
geos_union(), 19
(vctrs-methods), 32
geos_union_prec (geos_intersection), 19
geos_unique_points (geos_centroid), 8 wk transform, 10
geos_unnest, 30 wk-methods, 33
geos_unnest(), 22 wk::wk_bbox(), 5
geos_version, 31 wk::wk_collection(), 22, 30
geos_voronoi_edges wk::wk_coords(), 22
(geos_delaunay_triangles), 12 wk::wk_crs(), 3, 12, 17, 23, 27
geos_voronoi_polygons wk::wk_envelope(), 6
(geos_delaunay_triangles), 12 wk::wk_flatten(), 22, 30
geos_within (geos_disjoint), 13 wk::wk_handle(), 18
geos_within_any (geos_disjoint_matrix), wk::wk_linestring(), 22
14 wk::wk_polygon(), 22
geos_within_matrix wk::xy(), 6, 22
(geos_disjoint_matrix), 14 wk_handle(), 33
geos_write_geojson (geos_read_wkt), 26 wk_handle.geos_geometry (wk-methods), 33
geos_write_hex (geos_read_wkt), 26 wk_handler, 33
geos_write_wkb (geos_read_wkt), 26 wk_writer.geos_geometry (wk-methods), 33
geos_write_wkt (geos_read_wkt), 26 wkb(), 33
geos_write_xy (geos_read_wkt), 26 wkt(), 33
38 INDEX

xy(), 33