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Etymology: Main Article

India has been a federal republic since 1950, governed through a democratic parliamentary system. It has a population of over 1.3 billion people that has grown significantly since 1951. India has transitioned from a comparatively poor country in 1951 to a fast growing major economy and hub for information technology, with an expanding middle class. However, India still faces socio-economic challenges such as gender inequality, child malnutrition, and air pollution.

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49 views1 page

Etymology: Main Article

India has been a federal republic since 1950, governed through a democratic parliamentary system. It has a population of over 1.3 billion people that has grown significantly since 1951. India has transitioned from a comparatively poor country in 1951 to a fast growing major economy and hub for information technology, with an expanding middle class. However, India still faces socio-economic challenges such as gender inequality, child malnutrition, and air pollution.

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VPA 3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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India has been a federal republic since 1950, governed through a democratic parliamentary system.

It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic


society. India's population grew from 361 million in 1951 to almost 1.4 billion in 2022.[61] During the same time, its nominal per capita income increased
from US$64 annually to US$2,601, and its literacy rate from 16.6% to 74%. From being a comparatively destitute country in 1951,[62] India has become
a fast-growing major economy and a hub for information technology services, with an expanding middle class.[63] India has a space programme with
several planned or completed extraterrestrial missions. It is the fourth country to land a craft on the moon and the first to do so within 600 kilometres
(370 mi) of the Lunar south pole.[64] Indian movies, music, and spiritual teachings play an increasing role in global culture.[65] India has substantially
reduced its rate of poverty, though at the cost of increasing economic inequality.[66] India is a nuclear-weapon state, which ranks high in military
expenditure. It has disputes over Kashmir with its neighbours, Pakistan and China, unresolved since the mid-20th century.[67] Among the socio-
economic challenges India faces are gender inequality, child malnutrition,[68] and rising levels of air pollution.[69] India's land is megadiverse, with
four biodiversity hotspots.[70] Its forest cover comprises 21.7% of its area.[71] India's wildlife, which has traditionally been viewed with tolerance in India's
culture,[72] is supported among these forests, and elsewhere, in protected habitats.

Etymology
Main article: Names for India
According to the Oxford English Dictionary (third edition 2009), the name "India" is derived from the Classical Latin India, a reference to South Asia and
an uncertain region to its east. In turn the name "India" derived successively from Hellenistic Greek India ( Ἰνδία), ancient Greek Indos ( Ἰνδός), Old
Persian Hindush (an eastern province of the Achaemenid Empire), and ultimately its cognate, the Sanskrit Sindhu, or "river", specifically the Indus
River and, by implication, its well-settled southern basin.[73][74] The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi (Ἰνδοί), which translates as "The
people of the Indus".[75]

The term Bharat (Bhārat; pronounced [ˈbʱaːɾət] ⓘ ), mentioned in both Indian epic poetry and the Constitution of India,[76][77] is used in its variations by many
Indian languages. A modern rendering of the historical name Bharatavarsha, which applied originally to North India,[78][79] Bharat gained increased
currency from the mid-19th century as a native name for India.[76][80]
Hindustan ([ɦɪndʊˈstaːn] ⓘ ) is a Middle Persian name for India that became popular by the 13th century,[81] and was used widely since the era of
the Mughal Empire. The meaning of Hindustan has varied, referring to a region encompassing present-day northern India and Pakistan or to India in its
near entirety.[76][80][82]

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